CN1799265A - 实现压缩视频的快速信道改变的编码方法和设备 - Google Patents

实现压缩视频的快速信道改变的编码方法和设备 Download PDF

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CN1799265A
CN1799265A CNA2004800154432A CN200480015443A CN1799265A CN 1799265 A CN1799265 A CN 1799265A CN A2004800154432 A CNA2004800154432 A CN A2004800154432A CN 200480015443 A CN200480015443 A CN 200480015443A CN 1799265 A CN1799265 A CN 1799265A
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channel
changing
stream
normal
image
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CN100568965C (zh
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吉尔·麦克唐纳·布瓦斯
亚历山德罗斯·迈克尔·图拉普斯
杰弗里·艾伦·库珀
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InterDigital VC Holdings Inc
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Thomson Licensing SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/235—Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors
    • H04N21/2355—Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors involving reformatting operations of additional data, e.g. HTML pages
    • H04N21/2356—Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors involving reformatting operations of additional data, e.g. HTML pages by altering the spatial resolution

Abstract

描述了一种用于实现压缩视频的快速信道改变的视频编码器(100、300、500)及相应方法(800)，其中用于接收输入图像并提供压缩流数据的视频编码器(100、300、500)包括用于接收输入图像并提供正常流数据的正常编码部分(130、330、530)、用于接收输入图像并提供信道改变流数据的较低质量编码部分(140、340、540)、以及与正常和较低质量部分每一个都进行信号通信用于接收并组合正常和信道改变数据流的复用器(150、350、550)。

Description

实现压缩视频的快速信道改变的编码方法和设备
交叉引用
本申请要求于2003年6月16日提交的题为“实现压缩视频的快速信道改变的方法和设备”的美国临时申请No.60/478,923(律师案卷号No.PU030170)的权利，该申请整体结合于此用作参考。
技术领域
本发明针对视频编码器和解码器(CODEC)，并且更具体地说，针对用于减小信道改变之后解码视频内容初始显示时所感觉到的延迟的设备和方法。
背景技术
诸如MPEG-2以及JVT/H.264/MPEG AVC之类的普通视频压缩标准使用帧内和帧间编码。为了进行适当的解码，解码器将以帧内编码(I)的图像开始的压缩视频序列解码，然后继续解码随后的帧间编码(P和B)的图像。图像组(GOP)可以包括I图像和数个后继的P和B图像。I图像通常比同等视频质量的P或B图像需要多得多的位来编码。
当接收机最初开始接收特定信道上的节目时(例如，在改变信道或者初始打开接收机之后)，接收机必须等待，直至接收到I图像，以便开始适当地解码，这导致了延迟。为了最小化数字视频广播系统中的信道改变延迟，通常频繁发送I图像，例如每N个图像就发送一次。例如，为了将系统的视频解压缩部分的延迟实现为1/2秒，常常对30fps的内容使用N＝15。因为压缩I图像比压缩P和B图像大得多，所以与不如此频繁插入I图像时所需的比特率相比，这大大增加了比特率。
大多数广播系统频繁发送I图像，例如每1/2秒发送一次，以便限制由于视频解码系统引起的信道改变延迟时间。在某些系统中，不是频繁发送完整的I图像，而是使用一种称作“逐步刷新”的技术，其中将图像的部分进行帧内编码。通常，在N个图像周期期间，图像中所有宏块都被帧内编码。
在JVT/H.264/MPEG AVC压缩标准中，可以使用多个参考图像来预测P和B图像，这些参考图像包括在前的I图像之前的图像。该标准将随机访问点标识为独立解码器刷新或IDR，这约束了不使用每个IDR之前的参考图像来预测该IDR之后的图像。
JVT/H.264/MPEG AVC压缩标准包括称作冗余图像的工具，该工具在这一标准中如下定义：
冗余编码图像：一个图像或图像的一部分的编码表示。冗余编码图像的内容不应用于符合该推荐I国际标准的位流的解码过程。冗余编码图像不必包含基本编码图像中的所有宏块。冗余编码图像对解码过程没有标准的影响。参见基本编码图像。
片段(slice)头部包含redundant_pic_cnt字段，其语义如下定义：
redundant_pic_cnt对于属于基本编码图像的片段以及片段数据分割(partition)应该等于0。redundant_pic_cnt对于冗余编码图像中的编码片段以及编码片段数据分割应该大于0。当不存在redundant_pic_cnt时，应该推断其值等于0。
reduncant_pic_cnt的值应该在0至127(边界包括在内)的范围中。
-如果片段数据分割A RBSP的语法元素指示在片段的片段数据中存在任何3类的语法元素，则与该片段数据分割A RBSP具有相同的slice_id以及redundant_pic_cnt值的片段数据分割B RBSP应该存在。
-否则(片段数据分割A RBSP的语法元素没有指示在片段的片段数据中存在任何3类的语法元素)，不应存在与该片段数据分割A RBSP具有相同的slice_id以及redundant_pic_cnt值的片段数据分割B RBSP
因此，需要一种设备和方法来在信道改变之后减小解码视频内容初始显示时所感觉到的延迟。
发明内容
一种提供压缩视频内容的快速信道改变的设备和方法解决了现有技术的这些以及其他缺点和不足。
一种用于接收输入图像并提供压缩流数据的视频编码器包括用于接收输入图像并提供正常流数据的正常编码部分、用于接收输入图像并提供信道改变流数据的较低质量编码部分、以及与正常和较低质量部分每一个都进行信号通信用于接收并组合正常和信道改变数据流的复用器。
参考附图，阅读下面对示例性实施例的描述，本发明的这些以及其他方面、特征和优点将变得清楚起来。
附图说明
根据如下示例性附图可以更好地理解本发明，附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明原理对信道改变流使用正常分辨率的编码器的方框图；
图2示出了根据本发明原理对信道改变流使用正常分辨率的解码器的方框图；
图3示出了根据本发明原理使用低通滤波后的信道改变流的编码器的方框图；
图4示出了根据本发明原理的示例性图像模式的表；
图5示出了根据本发明原理使用下采样的信道改变流的编码器的方框图；
图6示出了根据本发明原理使用下采样的信道改变流的解码器的方框图；
图7示出了根据本发明原理使用下采样的信道改变流以及后处理滤波器的解码器的方框图；
图8是根据本发明原理的视频编码方法的流程图；
图9是根据本发明原理的视频解码方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例以比现有技术低的比特率提供了任意希望速率的信道改变延迟。也就是说，本发明在压缩视频广播系统中实现了低延迟信道改变时间，同时相对于实现低延迟信道改变的现有技术而言，大大减小了比特率。在JVT/H/264/MPEG AVC标准中，使用一个或多个不同的片段类型(I、P和/或B)来编码各个P和B图像，而只使用I片段来编码I图像。因此，在下面的描述中，根据上下文以及适用的标准，术语“片段”可以替换为术语“图像”。现有技术的系统频繁广播I图像，以便例如每N个图像实现信道改变。在本发明的实施例中，不那么频繁地发送正常I图像，并且更频繁地发送额外的较低质量I图像。
根据本发明的原理，不需要如现有技术的系统那么频繁地发送I图像，就能实现所希望的信道改变延迟。作为替代，除了正常质量的编码图像之外，还发送额外的较低质量的编码图像，这些图像包含在这里所谓的信道改变流中。在信道改变流中，以所希望的信道改变频率发送较低质量的I图像，并且在信道改变之后的初始周期期间在解码器处使用其。以较低的频率在正常流中发送正常质量的I图像，并且一旦这些正常质量的I图像可用，就在解码器中使用它们。
例如，考虑每N×K个图像在正常流中发送I图像并且每N个图像在信道改变流中发送较低质量I图像的系统，其中K＞1。信道改变流中每个编码图像对应于正常流编码图像。这样，当信道改变流中存在编码图像时，实际上发送了该图像的两个编码表示。
当发生信道改变时，解码系统一接收到I图像，就开始对压缩视频进行解码，所述I图像或者来自正常流或者来自信道改变流。如果要到达的第一I图像来自正常流，则解码器正常地继续解码。然而，如果要到达的第一I图像是来自信道改变流的较低质量I图像，则解码器解码并使用这一较低质量I图像。这使得较低质量的视频得以显示，直至正常质量I图像到达。这一段较低质量视频的时间对观众来说不是十分明显，因为其持续时间短，并且之后立即是信道改变。人类视觉系统需要一些时间来适应新的视觉场景。
信道改变流或者可以只包含较低质量I图像，或者可以包括较低质量I、P和B图像。信道改变流的图像速率可以低于正常流的图像速率。较低质量图像可以具有与正常图像相同的分辨率，但是以较低比特率进行编码，或者可以具有比正常图像低的分辨率。信道改变流中较低质量I编码图像的位流大小与正常流中正常质量编码I图像的大小相比要小。因此，即使发送同一图像的额外编码表示，也节省了总体的比特率，因为正常质量P或B图像加上较低质量I图像的大小通常远小于单独正常质量I图像的大小。
如果信道改变流包含低质量I、P和B图像，则在信道改变之后，解码器系统等待较低质量I图像的到达，然后解码并显示来自信道改变流的较低质量图像，直至接收到正常质量I图像，此时解码器系统切换到正常质量流。
如果信道改变流只包含I图像，则在信道改变之后，解码系统等待正常流或信道改变流中I图像的到达。如果要到达的第一I图像处于信道改变流之中，则解码系统解码并显示较低质量I图像。然后，将该较低质量图像存储在正常解码器图像存储装置中，并且解码系统使用来自信道改变流的较低质量I图像作为参考，开始解码随后的正常流P和B图像。因为这些正常质量P和B图像是基于正常流中在前的图像而非来自信道改变流的较低质量I图像来进行帧间编码的，所以这会导致一些解码漂移。
然而，实验已经表明，在这种情形中这种漂移的视觉影响较小，因为这只持续短时间，并且之后立即是与信道改变相对应的场景改变。编码器可以管理将出现多少偏移，并且适当地调整正常和/或信道改变流的编码参数，从而漂移不会超过合理的限制。
下面的描述举例说明了本发明的原理。应该认识到，本领域的技术人员能够设计出这里没有明确描述或图示但是体现本发明原理并且包括在本发明的精神和范围之内的各种布置。
这里所提到的所有示例以及条件语言都是为了教育的目的，以便帮助读者理解本发明的原理以及发明人为了促进本领域发展而构建的概念，并且应该理解为不局限于这些具体描述的示例和条件。
此外，这里提到本发明的原理、方面和实施例以及本发明的具体示例的所有陈述都应该包含本发明的结构和功能上的等同物。另外，这种等同物应该包括目前已知的等同物以及将来开发的等同物，即，所开发的执行相同功能的任何元件，无论其结构如何。
这样，例如，本领域的技术人员应该认识到，这里所呈现的方框图代表了体现本发明原理的示例性电路系统的概念图。类似地，应该认识到，流程图、流程图表、状态转变图、伪代码等等代表各种过程，这些过程实质上可以表示在计算机可读介质中，并且由计算机或处理器执行，而无论是否明确地示出了这种计算机或处理器。
附图所示的各个元件的功能可以通过使用专用硬件以及能够执行与适当的软件相关联的软件的硬件来提供。当由处理器来提供这些功能时，这些功能可以由单个专用处理器提供，由单个共享处理器提供，或者由多个单独的处理器(其中某一些可以共享)提供。此外，术语“处理器”或“控制器”的明确使用不应理解为仅仅指能够执行软件的硬件，并且可以隐含地包括(非限制性的)数字信号处理器(“DSP”)硬件、用于存储软件的只读存储器(“ROM”)、随机访问存储器(“RAM”)、以及非易失性存储装置。
还可以包括其他传统和/或定制硬件。类似地，附图中所示的开关只是概念性的。它们的功能可以通过程序逻辑、通过专用逻辑、通过程序控制和专用逻辑的相互作用、或者甚至手动地来实现，实施者根据对上下文的更为具体的理解，可以选择具体技术。
在所附权利要求中，以用于执行指定功能的装置这种形式表述的任何元件应该包括执行该功能的任意途径，例如包括：a)执行该功能的电路元件的组合，或b)任何形式的软件，因此，包括与适当的电路系统结合的固件、微代码等，用于执行该软件，以便执行该功能。由所附权利要求所限定的发明立足于这样的事实：以权利要求所要求的方式来组合由所述各种装置提供的功能，并将它们结合在一起。因此，申请者将能够提供这些功能的任何装置都视为这里所示的装置的等同物。
如图1所示，根据本发明原理的编码器由标号100一般地表示。编码器100对正常流和信道改变流中每一个使用相同的分辨率，并且包括用于产生正常流的正常编码器部分130以及用于产生信道改变流的低质量编码器部分140，这两个部分中每一个都接收相同分辨率的输入图像。正常部分130和低质量部分140每一个都与复用器(mux)150进行信号通信的耦合，用于分别向复用器150提供正常和信道改变流用于传输。
参考图2，根据本发明原理的解码器由标号200一般地表示。解码器200对正常流和信道改变流中每一个使用相同的分辨率，并且包括用于接收压缩视频数据并且解复用正常和信道改变流的解复用器(demux)210，正常和信道改变流中每一个都与正常解码器部分212进行可选信号通信的耦合。正常解码器部分212与帧存储装置214进行信号通信的耦合，并且向显示器输出解码视频。
这样，图1示出了编码系统，并且图2示出了解码系统，其中每个系统对正常流和信道改变流使用相同分辨率的图像。在操作中，正常编码器部分创建正常质量压缩视频图像用于正常流，并且并行的低质量编码器部分创建较低质量压缩视频图像用于信道改变流。编码器100示出两个分离的编码器模块用于两种编码器功能，但是，本领域的普通技术人员应该认识到，可以使用相同编码器设备来执行这两种编码器功能。如果必要的话，可以将正常流和信道改变流复用在一起并发送。在解码系统中，解复用器将正常流和信道改变流分离，并且选择应该向解码器发送来自正常流还是来自信道改变流的图像。
现在参考图3，根据本发明原理的编码器由标号300一般地表示。编码器300对信道概率流使用滤波后的数据，并且包括用于产生正常流的正常编码器部分330、以及与低质量编码器部分340进行信号通信的、用于产生滤波信道改变流的低通滤波器332。正常部分330和低质量部分340与复用器350进行信号通信的耦合，用于分别向复用器350提供正常和信道改变流用于输出。
这样，图3示出了可选编码系统，其在较低质量编码器之前对输入图像应用低通滤波器。因为以相对低的比特率对信道改变流中的图像进行编码，所以这些图像可能包含可见的编码伪象。通过在编码之前对图像进行低通滤波，可以去除这些可见编码伪象中的某一些。
复用器如此布置编码图像的传输时间：信道改变流I图像与正常流编码图像夹杂在一起。优选地，信道改变流编码图像的发送时间接近与同一输入图像相对应的正常流图像的发送时间，并且在相对该图像进行帧间预测的任何正常流图像之前。
如图4所示，标号400一般地表示信道改变流中只包括I图像并且N＝12、K＝3时的示例性图像模式。对于示例性的24fps序列，其中希望信道改变开始期为1/2秒，在信道改变流中每12个图像插入较低质量I图像。在正常流中每36个图像插入正常质量I图像。
考虑接收机在接收图像5时调谐到该信道的情形。接收机然后将等待，直到任一流中第一I图像到达(在该示例中将是信道改变流中的图像12)，并且将其解码并显示。然后将来自信道改变流的解码后较低质量I图像12置于解码器的图像存储装置中，并且用于对来自正常流的图像12～23进行解码。这些解码后的图像将包含漂移。当正常流中的正常质量P图像24到达时，接收机可以选择解码正常流的P图像24，或者解码信道改变流的I图像24。这可以是接收机端的决定，也可以是由编码器在位流中通告的属性(preference)，基于该属性，将得到较少的漂移。然后解码正常流的图像25～35，仍然带有漂移。一旦接收到正常流的图像36(它是I图像)，解码器就可以开始进行适当地解码，而不会向所有后继图像中加入漂移。从观众的角度看，在信道改变之后的短时间内(这里大约有1.5秒)，显示了较低质量的视频，然后显示正常质量。
与现有技术的系统相比，因为不那么频繁地发送大的正常流I图像，所以实现了比特率的节省。信道改变流中发送的较低质量I图像比正常质量I图像小得多。编码系统可以以所希望的频率并且以任意模式来在信道改变流中发送较低质量I图像。正常流中的I图像也无需遵循规则的模式，并且例如可以在场景改变时插入。如果正常流中I图像之间的距离不超过希望值，则编码系统不需要插入信道改变流I图像。例如，当必须维持与所希望的信道改变延迟限制相关联的最大I图像间隔时，编码系统可以选择在信道改变流中插入I图像。
信道改变流可以包含不同分辨率的图像。例如，信道改变流中某些I图像可以具有与正常流相同的分辨率，而其他I图像可以具有较低的分辨率。或者，在信道改变流中可以使用两种或多种不同的较低分辨率。
为了在使用信道改变流图像作为预测器来解码正常流图像时减小所出现的漂移，编码器可以限制与信道改变流I图像相对应的正常流图像之后的P和B图像的允许参考图像的范围。在JVT/H.264视频压缩标准中，可以使用多个参考图像来预测P和B图像，这相对于使用单个参考图像来进行预测的技术而言，改进了编码效率。对于图4中的示例，可以施加这样的限制：正常流中图像12～23不可以使用图像12之前的参考图像。如果不施加这一限制，在信道改变之后将出现更大的漂移。例如，如果根据图像12和9来预测图像15，并且在接收图像5时发生信道改变，则解码系统将根据信道改变流I图像12得到图像12的表示，但是将不会具有图像9的任何表示。这在解码图像13～23时可能导致视觉质量的重大下降。然而，如果施加了只根据图像12来预测图像15的限制，就可以避免这种显著漂移，其中图像15的编码效率稍稍降低。
参考图5，根据本发明原理的编码器由标号500一般地表示。编码器500对信道改变流使用下采样数据，并且包括用于产生正常流的正常编码器部分530、以及与低质量编码器部分540进行信号通信的、用于产生滤波后的信道改变流的下采样器534。正常部分530和低质量部分540每一个都与复用器550进行信号通信的耦合，用于分别向复用器550提供正常和信道改变流用于输出。
现在参考图6，根据本发明原理的解码器由标号600一般地表示。解码器600对信道改变流使用下采样数据，并且包括用于接收压缩视频数据的解复用器610，解复用器610与正常解码器部分612和较低分辨率解码器部分618每一个都进行信号通信的耦合。正常解码器部分612与帧存储装置614进行信号通信耦合，并且可选地将解码后的视频输出到显示器和帧存储装置614。较低分辨率解码器部分618与帧存储装置620进行信号通信耦合，并且将解码后的视频输出到上采样器622，上采样器622又可选地将上采样的解码视频输出到显示器和帧存储装置614。
这样，图5示出了编码系统，并且图6示出了解码系统，其中每个系统对信道改变流中的较低质量图像使用比正常图像低的分辨率。例如，740×480像素可以用于正常图像，并且352×240像素可以用于信道改变图像。输入图像被正常地编码为正常流，并且将其大小调整为较低分辨率，并以该较低分辨率将其编码为信道改变流。正常流和信道改变流被复用在一起并传输。在解码系统中，解复用器将正常流和信道改变流分离，并且选择应该解码并显示来自正常流还是信道改变流的图像。如果解码并显示信道改变流，则将解码后的图像置于正常流编码器的图像存储装置中，用于在解码后继正常流编码图像时使用。虽然在附图中为正常解码器和较低质量解码器提供了分离的模块，但是本领域的普通技术人员应该认识到，这两个功能可以由单个设备来执行。
在解码系统中，在信道改变之后，最初显示较低质量的视频，并且一旦接收到正常流中的I图像，就开始显示正常质量的视频。对于观众而言，从较低质量视频突然转变为正常质量视频可能比较低质量视频本身更为显著。为了减小转变的突然性，可以在解码器之后加入后处理器，以对解码图像进行滤波。可以对数个图像调整滤波强度，以逐渐增加解码图像的分辨率或质量。
现在参考图7，根据本发明原理的解码器由标号700一般地表示。解码器700对信道改变流使用下采样数据，并且包括用于接收压缩视频数据的解复用器710，解复用器710与正常解码器部分712和较低分辨率解码器部分718每一个都进行信号通信的耦合。正常解码器部分712与帧存储装置714进行信号通信耦合，并且可选地将解码后的视频输出到显示器和帧存储装置714。正常解码器部分712还与后处理滤波器716进行信号通信的耦合，后处理滤波器716可选地将后处理过的解码视频输出到显示器和帧存储装置714。较低分辨率解码器部分718与帧存储装置720进行信号通信耦合，并且将解码后的视频输出到上采样器722，上采样器722又可选地将上采样的解码视频输出到显示器和帧存储装置714。
这样，图7示出了结合有后处理滤波器的解码系统。后处理功能也可以加在较低质量解码器之后，以隐藏压缩伪象。
如图8所示，标号800一般地示出了用于接收输入图像并且提供压缩流数据的视频编码方法。方法800包括开始方框810，其将控制传递到输入方框812，以便接收输入图像。输入方框812将控制传递到功能方框814，以便对来自所接收到的输入图像的正常流数据进行编码。功能方框814又将控制传递到功能方框816，以便对来自所接收到的输入图像的信道改变流数据进行编码，其中信道改变流数据包括质量比正常流数据低的编码数据。功能方框816将控制传递到功率方框818，以便将正常和信道改变数据流复用到组合输出流中，并且再将控制传递到结束方框820。
参考图9，标号900一般地示出了用于接收压缩流数据并提供解压缩视频输出的视频解码方法。方法900包括开始方框910，其将控制传递到输入方框920，以便接收压缩流数据，输入方框912将控制传递到功能方框914，以便分离正常流和信道改变流。功能方框914将控制传递到功能方框916，以便接收压缩正常流和信道改变流中至少一个，并提供解压缩视频输出。功能方框916又将控制传递到功能方框918，以便存储参考图像用于在解码帧间编码的图像时使用。功能方框918将控制传递到结束方框920。
可以以数种可能的方式来执行正常流和信道改变流的复用。为了实现后向兼容系统(其中，不需要改变现存解码器，就能对正常流进行解码)，一种方法是将信道改变流的较低质量编码图像置于与正常流的相应图像相关联的用户数据中。
这种方法允许解码系统识别出信道改变流编码图像的图像时间。如果使用这种方法，必须改变信道改变流中编码图像的唯一图像开始编码，例如通过位或字节填充，以帮助现有正常解码器避免检测用户数据内部的信道改变流图像的图像开始编码。在解码系统中，在将数据传送到符合标准的解码器之前，可以反向进行位或字节填充过程。
一种可替代的复用方法是对信道改变流使用与正常流不同的PID。在这种情形中，信道改变流将需要包括与正常流图像同步的编码图像的定时信息。同样，必须在正常流和信道改变流的PID之间进行关联。
如果在该系统中使用JVT/H.264/MPEG AVC压缩标准，并且正常图像和信道改变图像的分辨率相同，则可以使用JVT的冗余图像语法，通过对信道改变图像将片段头部的redundant_pic_cnt字段设置为1，来对信道改变图像进行编码。在这种情形中，在解码系统中，可以通过搜索在片段头部中包含等于1的redundant_pic_cnt字段的图像，来识别信道改变流图像。
本领域的普通技术人员基于这里的教导，可以容易地确定本发明的这些以及其他特征和优点。应该理解，本发明的原理可以以各种形式的硬件、软件、估计、专用处理器、或它们的组合实现。
更优选地，本发明的原理实现为硬件和软件的组合。此外，软件优选地实现为程序存储单元上切实包括的应用程序。应用程序可以上载到包括任何合适的体系结构的机器，或者由这种机器执行。优选地，该机器实现在具有诸如一个或多个中央处理单元(“CPU”)、随机存取存储器(“RAM”)、以及输入/输出(“I/O”)接口之类的硬件的计算机平台上。该计算机平台还可以包括操作系统和微指令代码。这里所述的各种过程和功能可以是微指令代码的一部分或者是应用程序的一部分，或者是它们的任意组合，这些都可以由CPU执行。另外，各种其他外围单元可以连接到计算机平台，例如，额外的数据存储单元以及打印单元。
还应理解，因为附图中所示的某些组成系统组件和方法优选地以软件实现，所以系统组件或过程的功能方框之间的实际连接可以根据对本发明编程的方式而不同。了解这里的教导，本领域的普通技术人员将能够想到本发明的这些以及类似实施方式或配置。
虽然这里参考附图描述了示例性实施例，但是应该理解，本发明不限于这些具体的实施例，并且本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本发明的范围或精神的前提下，可以做出许多改变和修改。所有这种改变和修改应该包括在所附权利要求所限定的本发明的范围之内。

Claims (15)

1、一种用于接收输入图像并提供压缩流数据的视频编码器(100)，所述编码器包括：
正常编码部分(130)，用于接收输入图像，并提供正常流数据；
较低质量编码部分(140)，用于接收输入图像，并提供信道改变流数据；和
复用器(150)，与所述正常和较低质量部分中的每一个进行信号通信，用于接收并组合所述正常以及信道改变数据流。
2、如权利要求1所述的视频编码器，还包括低通滤波器(332)，与所述较低质量编码部分(340)进行信号通信，用于向所述较低质量编码部分提供低通滤波后的输入图像。
3、如权利要求1所述的视频编码器，还包括下采样单元(534)，与所述较低质量编码部分(540)进行信号通信，用于向所述较低质量编码部分提供低通下采样的输入图像。
4、如权利要求1所述的视频编码器，还包括用于创建信道改变流的装置，其中所述信道改变流与相应的正常流相比具有更频繁的帧内编码图像。
5、如权利要求4所述的视频编码器，还包括用于下采样的装置，用于创建较低分辨率的信道改变流图像。
6、如权利要求1所述的视频编码器，还包括用于对服从JVT标准的冗余图像语法进行编码的装置。
7、如权利要求1所述的视频编码器，还包括用于将信道改变图像编码到相应的正常流图像的用户数据中的装置。
8、如权利要求1所述的视频编码器，还包括用于向解码器通知使用正常流还是信道改变流图像用于后继的信道改变流帧内编码图像的装置。
9、如权利要求1所述的视频编码器，还包括图像选择器，与所述较低质量编码部分进行信号通信，用于选择输入图像的子集以编码在信道改变流中。
10、一种用于接收输入图像并提供压缩流数据的视频编码方法(800)，所述方法包括：
接收输入图像(812)；
对来自所接收到的输入图像的正常流数据进行编码(814)；
对来自所接收到的输入图像的信道改变流数据进行编码(816)，其中所述信道改变流数据包括质量比所述正常流数据低的编码数据；以及
将所述正常和信道改变数据流复用为组合输出流(818)。
11、如权利要求10所述的视频编码方法，还包括如下步骤中至少一个：
创建信道改变流，其中所述信道改变流与相应的正常流相比具有更频繁的帧内编码图像；
下采样，以创建较低分辨率的信道改变流图像；
对服从JVT标准的冗余图像语法进行编码；
将信道改变图像编码到相应的正常流图像的用户数据中；以及
向解码器通知使用正常流还是信道改变流图像用于后继的信道改变流帧内编码图像。
12、如权利要求10所述的视频编码方法，还包括选择输入图像的子集以编码在信道改变流中。
13、一种用于接收输入图像并提供压缩流数据的视频编码设备，所述设备包括：
用于接收输入图像的装置；
用于对来自所接收到的输入图像的正常流数据进行编码的装置；
用于对来自所接收到的输入图像的信道改变流数据进行编码的装置，其中所述信道改变流数据包括质量比所述正常流数据低的编码数据；以及
用于将所述正常和信道改变数据流复用为组合输出流的装置。
14、一种数字视频盘，其编码有信号数据，所述信号数据包括正常流和信道改变流中每一个的多个块转换系数，所述系数表示原始信号数据序列，所述数字视频盘的正常流数据具有体现正常质量数据序列的系数，并且所述数字视频盘的信道改变流具有体现缩减质量数据序列的系数，所述缩减质量数据序列包括至少一个额外的帧内编码图像。
15、如权利要求14所述的数字视频盘，其中所述缩减质量数据序列被编码在所述图像用户数据中。
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