CN1709001B - 无线通信系统信道品质预测的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种运用链路调适技术来改善通信系统的信道品质预测效能的方法。该链路调适技术包含一接收器,其可选择性量测下行链路传输并接着储存一个或更多量测或从其导出的信道质量指示。该接收器接着可检索一个或更多过去量测(或过去信道品质估计本身),并将其与最新量测(或最新信道品质估计)结合,以预测何信道品质将于某未来时点来导出预测性指针质量指示(CQI)。此被导自最新信道估计及至少一过去信道估计的预测性指针质量指示接着被传送至发送器,以用来更新传输参数。
Description
技术领域
本发明有关无线通信系统。更特别是,本发明是被无线通信系统运用来改善动态链路调适。
背景技术
目前各种演算是被本无线通信系统用来估计无线接收器的信道品质。例如,这些演算是被运用于使用第三代伙伴计划(3GPP)高芯片速率时分双工(TDD)模式,第三代伙伴计划低芯片速率时分双工模式,第三代伙伴计划频分双工(FDD)模式,分时-同步码分多址(TD-SCDMA)标准,及上述系统的高速下行链路封包存取(HSDPA)延伸。品质估计可被用于传输功率控制,同步化决定的进出,无线链路失败决定,及支持动态链路调适(如可调制及编码(AMC))的信道质量指示(CQIs)技术。
例如时分双工模式中,被使用者设备(UE)传输于高速共享资源信道(HS-SICH)上的俗称CQI的信道质量指示是建议传输格式资源组合(TFRC)。通常,推荐传输格式资源组合涉及传输块可能尺寸,调变方案及任何其它可用链路调适参数。建议传输格式资源组合通常被建立在被使用者设备最新接收的信号基础上。
无论通信系统是否为第三代伙伴计划系统,信道质量指示代表建议传输块尺寸,调变格式,码数,功率偏移或任一若干不同类型链路调适参数。这些信道质量指示是被接收器导出且被发送信号至发送器以设定接续传输的传输参数。
信道质量指示通常提供如用于可调制及编码功能的建议编码及调变方案的特定链路调适信息,或提供一个或更多被随后用来建立适当传输信号选择的一般质量指示。
若信道质量指示不正确,被选择调变及编码方案(或其它传输参数)将为次佳。当接收品质太差而不能证实其是否可继续使用时,高估信道品质可使使用者设备及节点-B连续尝试使用调变及编码方案。信道品质低估可导致超额传输功率及无效使用无线资源,或同步处理入及出例子中,最后是无线链路失败的预先宣告及释出无线资源。因此,呼叫被无原因地断绝。因为其它信元中的干扰会不必要地增加,所以超额传输功率依序导致系统位准输通量损失。于是,不正确信道品质估计会降低输通量,浪费传输功率及增加对其他信元的干扰。
先前技术信道估计技术的缺点是因该技术估计接收器处的信道品质,所以其无法充分提供接续传输时的发送器处的信道品质正确估计。参考图1,使用者设备及节点-B间的先前技术信道质量指示产生及报告程序100被显示。节点-B传输信息于下行链路(DL)控制信道(步骤102),通知使用者设备其资源已被分配至使用者设备以便下一个相关下行链路数据传输。使用者设备可接收有关资源分配的控制信息并等待下行链路数据传输的接收(步骤104)。
节点-B可传输相关下行链路数据传输(步骤106)。使用者设备读取下行链路数据传输(步骤108)及选择性品质量测(步骤110)。使用来自步骤110的量测,使用者设备导出估计可提供最高输通量知信道质量指示,而仍可满足如块错误率(BLER)的其它可能特定量测。
使用者设备接着可报告最新被导出的信道质量指示至下一个可用上行链路控制信道中的节点-B(步骤114)。节点-B可接收信道质量指示(步骤116)且接着使用该信道质量指示来设定下一个数据传输的传输参数(步骤118)。
现行提供信道质量指示反馈的方法具有缺点。例如,现行第三代伙伴计划说明书并不设定使用者设备需耗费多少时间来被导出信道质量指示的特定时间限制。此可耗费非常长时间。然而,其需(及期待)一旦信道质量指示从被给定数据传输被导出,则其被报告于下一个可用上行链路控制信道。此最小化可获得至节点-B的信道质量指示信息的延迟。然而,即使获得从使用者设备至节点-B的信道质量指示信息的延迟被最小化,延迟并不会被消除。
如图2的时序图例所示,一个或更多下行链路传输具有使用者设备可选择性量测下行链路传输的信道质量指示量测期间。如图所示,可量测下行链路数据信道,下行链路导频信道,或下行链路数据及导频信道的组合。量测后,信道质量指示被计算;此被显示于时间t1。虽然延迟是借由报告信道质量指示至下一个可用上行链路传输处的节点-B(被显示于时间t2)被最小化,但仍有额外延迟直到被信道质量指示的节点-B(被显示于时间t3)随后用来设定下一个下行链路数据传输的参数为止。
信道质量指示被建立基础的量测完成(时间t1)间的延迟(被图标为A)及到被节点-B随后用来设定时间t3处的相关传输参数产生被节点-B使用时的错误信道质量指示。当信道质量指示变得较不正确时,因为传输参数被建立在不正确反应真实信道情况的信道质量指示基础上,所以最终下行链路信道品质将受损。本质上,先前技术信道质量指示决定方法可反映过去的信道状况。
预期将提供无已知先前技术系统缺点的信道品质决定方法。
发明内容
本发明提供运用链路调适技术来改善通信系统的信道品质预测效能的方法。接收器可选择性量测下行链路传输并接着储存一个或更多量测或从其产生的信道质量指示。接收器接着可检索一个或更多过去量测(或过去信道品质估计本身),并将其与最新量测(或最新信道品质估计)结合,以预测何信道品质将于某未来时点来导出预测性指针质量指示(CQI)。此被导自最新信道估计及至少一过去信道估计的预测性指针质量指示是接着被传送至发送器用来更新传输参数。
附图说明
本发明可从以下较佳实施例说明及附图例得到更详细了解,其中:
图1为依据先前技术的信道质量指示产生及报告方法流程图。
图2为显示与图1的先前技术信道质量指示报告方法相关的延迟的时序图。
图3为依据本发明较佳实施例的预测性指针质量指示产生及报告方法流程图。
图4为依据本发明第一替代实施例的预测性指针质量指示产生及报告方法流程图。
图5为依据本发明第二替代实施例的预测性指针质量指示产生及报告方法流程图。
图6为显示与图3及图4的本发明实施例相关的内存延迟消除的时序图。
图7为显示依据先前技术的信道质量指示产生及报告处理及依据本发明的预测性指针质量指示产生及报告处理间的差异分配图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种运用链路调适技术来改善通信系统的信道品质预测效能而无先前技术缺点的方法。
此后,无线发送/接收单元(WTRU)包括但不受限使用者设备,移动站,固定或移动用户单元,呼叫器或任何可操作于无线环境中的其它类型装置。这些项在此可被交换使用。此后被称为节点-B者,是包括但不受限基站,节点-B,地址控制器,存取点或无线环境中的其它接口装置。这些项在此可被交换使用。
应注意本发明可应用至时分双工,频分双工,分时-同步码分多址,码分多址2000,及其它无例外传输模式及类型。更普遍是,本发明可应用至任何运用可监控信道品质及调适信道品质为基础的接续传输的传输参数的方案的任何通信系统,如可调制及编码或其它型式无线链路调适。
依据本发明,信道质量指示为未来信道情况品质的预测指标。节点-B或无线发送/接收单元均可执行该预测,此后本发明将被说明执行于无线发送/接收单元。另外,虽然本发明将说明接收器执行量测及导出信道质量指示,但接收器仍均等地执行量测及传输该量测至接着导出信道质量指示的发送器。熟悉本技术人士亦应了解本发明亦可均等地应用至上行链路或下行链路传输,如上行链路中的链路调适例子,此后被说明的无线发送/接收单元及节点-B的角色将相反。
所示系统中,传输中断(transmission bursts)可跨越若干时隙,这些时隙中的干扰位准可剧烈变化。本发明认知信道衰落情况可从时隙对时隙实际改变。借由促成(但不需要)时隙基础上的信道质量指示预测,信道品质预测可被改善。与先前技术情况相较,被报告至发送器的信道品质因此可更精确。
参考图3,依据本发明产生及报告信道质量指示的程序200被显示。程序200被节点-B激活传输有关资源分配的下行链路控制信息至无线发送/接收单元(步骤202)。无线发送/接收单元可接收有关下行链路控制信道上的资源分配的下行链路控制信息(步骤204)。该信息通知接续数据传输的时点及接续数据传输的传输参数(如调变类型,编码等)给无线发送/接收单元。节点-B接着传送下行链路数据传输至无线发送/接收单元(步骤206),其被无线发送/接收单元接收(步骤208)。无线发送/接收单元可做有关下行链路数据传输的选择性量测信道质量指示(步骤210),导出最新信道质量指示(步骤212),接着决定预测性信道质量指示。如步骤214部分,无线发送/接收单元可储存稍后用于决定预测性信道质量指示的一个或更多信道质量指示量测及/或信道质量指示。另外,应了解不需导出最新信道质量指示以决定预测性信道质量指示。因此,步骤212可被视为此实施例中的选项。例如,过去信道质量指示量测可与最新信道质量指示量测结合来导出预测性信道质量指示。
预测性信道质量指示是从最新量测及至少一过去量测被导出。无线发送/接收单元可检索一个或更多过去信道质量指示量测(或过去信道质量指示本身),并将其与最新信道质量指示量测(或最新信道质量指示)结合,以预测未来信道情况品质。
本发明一实施例中,被用于步骤214中导出预测性信道质量指示的预测方法是线性预测方法。此为结合最新及过去信息为基础预测未来值的已知数值技术。线性预测方法可最小化最小平方思考中的预测误差。较佳实施例中,以分贝(dB)表示的信号干扰比(SIR)被预测量。然而,其它因子亦可被包含,如分别为信号功率及噪声功率的预测。其它预测方法可被使用且可被心中选择效能及最简化。
预测性信道质量指示被导出于步骤214后,无线发送/接收单元将该预测性信道质量指示报告至节点-B(步骤216),且节点-B于步骤218处接收预测性信道质量指示。节点-B接着使用预测性信道质量指示来设定下一个传输的传输参数(步骤220)。
熟悉本技术人士应了解特定步骤可视此方法特定实施而被结合。例如,如图4的本发明方法400的替代实施例所示,步骤210,212及214可被结合为单一步骤408以决定预测性信道质量指示。图4中的所有其它步骤是相同于参考图3说明的步骤。
另外,如图5所示,步骤202及204不必为程序500的部份,借此无线发送/接收单元可不需先前下行链路控制信息而自动接收下行链路数据传输。
是否决定信道质量指示的特定处理被说明于如图3所示的各步骤210-214或图4所示的单一步骤408,熟悉本技术人士应了解,相对于可反应通信信道过去情况的先前技术信道质量指示决定方法,本发明是导出可预测通信信道未来情况的预测性信道质量指示。本发明可做最新量测,但向节点-B预测及报告可估计未来信道情况的预测性信道质量指示。如前述,此预测性信道质量指示是被导出自最新信道质量指示量测或被导出自的最新信道质量指示及至少一过去信道质量指示量测或被储存的被导出自的过去信道质量指示。预测性信道质量指示可估计较接近节点-B准备传输时点的信道情况品质。
虽然信道质量指示被显示仅从单数据信道被导出,使用者设备可使用下一个数据传输(步骤206),任何可用引导信号,或结合两者来导出信道质量指示。
依据本发明较佳方法200,预测性信道质量指示较可能反映节点-B准备传送另一传输所经历的实际信道情况,而非如图1及图2所示的反映过去传输的信道质量指示量测。
参考图6,虽然无线发送/接收单元于相同于先前技术方案的时点(时间t1)做信道质量指示量测,接着将其与先前信道质量指示量测结合于先前技术方案的时点(时间t2)传输至节点-B,依据本发明的无线发送/接收单元可预测时间t3处为何信道情况。图6所示例中,因为信道质量指示被预测及时与下行链路数据信道排列,所以″明显″信道质量指示延迟会消失。于是,因为被传送的预测性信道质量指示为被预测于时间t3的信道质量指示,所以当节点-B准备传输下行链路数据时(时间t3),并无延迟(被显示为B=0)。
即使信道质量指示量测完成(时间t1)及节点-B使用量测之间具有延迟,但此延迟仍短于图2所示的延迟。借由使用信道品质历史有关的可用过去信息,被报告的信道质量指示可被计算以反映存在于下一个下行链路数据传输时间的信道品质,借此使被选择码速率,调变类型及其它链路调适参数更精确。
虽然图6显示信道质量指示量测被执行于下行链路数据信道及下行链路导频信道,但熟悉本技术人士应了解信道质量指示量测仅可被执行于下行链路数据信道,下行链路导频信道,或被执行于下行链路数据及导频信道的组合。
虽然预测性信道质量指示中亦有相关误差(因为其被预测且不实际),此误差可能小于先前技术传送过去信道质量指示量测的方法。图7显示如何使用依据本发明被使用的预测方案被运用来改善实际传输时点处的信道品质情况报告精确度,借此改善任何动态链路调适系统的优先。图7中,被量测信号干扰比及该信号干扰比被使用时点处的信号干扰比之间差异被显示。此例中,该延迟是10毫秒。
有两个可能分布曲线被显示。一个被描绘如曲线A的以过去信道情况为基础的传送信道质量指示量测先前技术方法,及被描绘如曲线B的以未来信道情况为基础的传送预测性信道质量指示量测的最新方法。与先前技术方法的曲线A相较,有了本发明(曲线B),有较高可能性相关误差会较小,有较低可能性相关误差会较大。与先前技术的延迟信号相较,依据本发明的预测信号分布更集中接近零误差,使用预测性信道质量指示时可指出信道质量指示报告误差是较小。
虽然本发明已详细说明,但应了解本发明并不限于此,只要不背离下面所附本申请权利要求范围所界定的本发明范畴,均可作各种改变。
Claims (21)
1.一种用于提供与在发送器和接收器之间传输的通信信道质量相关的反馈方法,该方法用于一无线发送/接收单元中,该方法包含:
从该发送器传输控制通信至该接收器,该控制通信包含有关接续下行链路通信的资源分配信息;
于该接收器处接收该控制通信并等待该下行链路通信;
从该发送器处于下行链路信道上传输该下行链路通信;
于该接收器处接收该下行链路通信;
于该接收器处对该下行链路通信执行至少一最新量测以决定该下行链路信道的该最新品质;
以该执行步骤为基础导出信道质量指示(CQI);及
于该接收器传输该信道质量指示至该发送器;借此该导出步骤可估计该下行链路信道的该未来品质以导出该信道质量指示。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于进一步包含储存该至少一最新量测。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于该导出步骤进一步包含检索至少一被储存量测及使用该至少一被储存量测及该至少一最新量测来导出该信道质量指示。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于进一步包含储存该信道质量指示。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于该导出步骤是使用线性预测演算来导出该信道质量指示。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于该下行链路通信包含至少一数据通信。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于该下行链路通信包含至少一导引通信。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于该下行链路信道包含该量测被执行于其上的复数个下行链路信道。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于该复数个下行链路信道包含该量测被执行于其上的至少一数据信道。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于该复数个下行链路信道包含该量测被执行于其上的至少一导频信道。
11.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于该复数个下行链路信道包含该量测被执行于其上的至少一导频信道及至少一数据信道。
12.一种用于提供从接收器传输至发送器的下行链路通信信道的信道质量测量的方法,该方法用于一无线发送/接收单元中;该方法包含:
监控该接收器处的该下行链路通信信道;
执行至少一最新量测于该下行链路通信信道;
导出该下行链路通信信道质量指示;及
传输该指示至该发送器;
借此该导出步骤可预测该下行链路通信信道的该未来品质。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于进一步包含储存该至少一最新量测。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于该导出步骤进一步包含检索至少一被储存量测及使用该至少一被储存量测及该至少一最新量测来导出该信道质量指示。
15.如权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于进一步包含储存该信道质量指示。
16.如权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于该导出步骤是使用线性预测演算来导出该信道质量指示。
17.如权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于该下行链路通信信道包含至少一数据信道。
18.如权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于该下行链路通信信道包含至少一导频信道。
19.如权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于该下行链路通信信道包含该量测被执行于其上的复数个下行链路信道。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于该复数个下行链路信道包含该量测被执行于其上的至少一数据信道。
21如权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于该复数个下行链路信道包含该量测被执行于其上的至少一导频信道。
22.如权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于该复数个下行链路信道包含该量测被执行于其上的至少一导频信道及至少一数据信道。
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TW200735566A (en) | 2007-09-16 |
US7912490B2 (en) | 2011-03-22 |
KR100988535B1 (ko) | 2010-10-20 |
CN1709001A (zh) | 2005-12-14 |
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EP1557057A4 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
KR20050083880A (ko) | 2005-08-26 |
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WO2004042982A2 (en) | 2004-05-21 |
TW200420062A (en) | 2004-10-01 |
US20110223957A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
NO20052411L (no) | 2005-05-13 |
KR20090081412A (ko) | 2009-07-28 |
JP2009124738A (ja) | 2009-06-04 |
AU2003287399A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 |
TWI245523B (en) | 2005-12-11 |
JP2006505221A (ja) | 2006-02-09 |
WO2004042982A3 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
KR20050098971A (ko) | 2005-10-12 |
KR100643070B1 (ko) | 2006-11-10 |
AU2003287399A8 (en) | 2004-06-07 |
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