CN1640365A - 带有用于触发杆轨道的关节接头的外科钉装置 - Google Patents

带有用于触发杆轨道的关节接头的外科钉装置 Download PDF

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CN1640365A
CN1640365A CNA2004100684479A CN200410068447A CN1640365A CN 1640365 A CN1640365 A CN 1640365A CN A2004100684479 A CNA2004100684479 A CN A2004100684479A CN 200410068447 A CN200410068447 A CN 200410068447A CN 1640365 A CN1640365 A CN 1640365A
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trigger
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end effector
articulation mechanism
joint
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CN1286433C (zh
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D·B·霍夫曼
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Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2926Details of heads or jaws
    • A61B2017/2927Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B2017/320052Guides for cutting instruments

Abstract

一种特别适合用于内窥镜检查的钉合和切断装置由具有从把手部分转换转动动作的带齿轮的关节机构连接端部受动器。触发杆在把手部分和端部受动器之间平移。为了提供不失真的切断边缘和啮合零件到端部受动器的相对的钉,触发杆加厚。触发杆也有利地包括以通过关节机构弯曲性的条或带的形式的变薄的或锥形的近端部分。为了防止触发时触发杆弯曲,有一对支持板可调整的通过关节机构安装在触发杆带的侧面。为了有利地防止收聚,保持杆定位在保持杆上的支持板之间,以通过那里保持隔开。

Description

带有用于触发杆轨道的关节接头的外科钉装置
参照相关申请
本发明涉及四个与本申请日同一天提交的共同未决和共同拥有的的申请。各申请的公开整体在此作为参考,这四个申请名称分别是:
(1)Frederick E.Shelton IV,Mike Setser,和Bruce Weisenburgh申请的“带有锥形触发杆用以增大关节的弯曲度的外科钉器械”;
(2)Kenneth.S.Wales和Joseph Charles Heuil申请的“带有关节支持板用以支持触发杆的外科穿钉器械触发杆”;(3)Kenneth.S.Wales DouglasB.Hoffman,Frederick.E.Shelton IV,和Jeff Swayze申请的“带有可沿纵轴旋转关节的外科器械”;和(4)Kenneth.S.Wales申请的“带有关节侧向移动控制的外科器械”。
技术领域
本申请一般涉及一种外科钉合器械,当在那些钉线之间切开组织时,该器械能够施加钉线并且特别是涉及钉合装置的改进,和在使用中对形成包括关节杆的该钉合器械的各种组件装置的改进。
背景技术
由于更小的开口有助于减少手术后恢复时间和并发症,通常优选使用优于传统的开口外科装置的内窥镜外科装置。因此,给内窥镜检查外科装置领域带来显著的发展,该外科装置适合远端部受动器在外科手术位置通过套管针套管的精确放置。这些远端部受动器以许多方式啮合组织,以实现诊断和治疗效果(例如,内部刀具、抓紧器、刀具、钉、夹填充器、通道装置、药物/基因治疗传递装置、和使用超声、射频(RF)、激光等的能量装置)。
定位端部受动器受套管针的限制。通常这些内窥镜检查外科装置包括端部受动器和由医生操作的把手部分之间的长杆,该长杆能够插到所需深度,并且绕杆的纵轴转动,从而将端部受动器定位到一定度数。随着套管针的明智布局和抓紧器的使用,例如通过另一套管针,通常这种定位的量是足够的。外科钉合和切断装置,例如在美国专利号5,465,895中所述的是通过插入和转动成功定位端部受动器的内窥镜外科装置的例子。
依据操作的性质,希望进一步调整内窥镜检查外科装置的端部受动器的定位,而不是限定插入和转动。特别地,通常希望与装置的杆的纵轴横向的轴来定向端部受动器。端部受动器相对装置的杆的横向移动按照惯例称为“关节”。这种关节定位允许医生更容易地在一些情况下啮合组织。另外,关节定位有利地允许内窥镜定位在端部受动器后,不由装置的杆锁定。
当前述非连接钉合和切断装置具有很大效用,并且可以在许多外科过程中成功使用时,需要提高它们连接端部受动器的能力的操作,从而在它们的使用时提供更大的临床灵活性。带关节的外科装置一般使用在装置的杆内,并通过关节接头纵向移动的一个或多个触发杆,以从筒中激发钉,并切断最里面的钉线之间的组织。这些外科装置的一个共同的问题是通过关节接头触发杆的控制。在关节接头处,端部受动器在纵向上远离该杆,以使关节连接时,端部受动器和该杆不会碰撞。这个沟必须要填充支撑材料或结构,以当单一或多个触发杆受到纵向触发负载时,防止触发杆弯曲脱离接头。人们需要的是通过关节接头导向和支撑单一或多个触发杆,并且当端部受动器连接时关节接头弯曲。
美国专利号5,673,840中描述了一种用人造橡胶或塑料材料形成的可以弯曲的关节接头,该材料在可弯曲接头或“弯曲颈”弯曲。触发杆通过弯曲颈内的中空管支撑和导向。弯曲颈是咬合关闭装置的一部分,并且当咬合在组织上关闭时,该弯曲颈可以相对于端部受动器,杆和触发杆做纵向的运动。然后,当触发钉和切断组织时,触发杆在弯曲颈内纵向移动。
美国专利号US5,797,537中描述了一种绕栓转动的的关节接头,优于在弯曲接头周围弯曲。在这个装置中,触发杆在一对隔开的支撑板之间支撑,该支撑板一端连接杆,另一端连接端部受动器。两个连接中的至少一个是可滑动连接。支持板贯穿靠近关节平面中的可弯曲驱动部件的关节接头,从而当尖端在一个方向从其排列位置连接时,支撑板通过关节平面中的沟弯曲,并且可弯曲触发杆靠着该支撑板弯曲。美国外科专利号6,330,965教导了支持板的使用,该支撑板钉合连接到杆,并且可滑动的连接到端部受动器。
尽管已知的支撑板通过关节接头导向,但是相信其性能可以提高。特别是,为了允许在没有力的不适当量连接,支撑板和扳机通常是足够可弯曲的。此外,这些组件为了通过套管通道使用内窥镜设定尺寸和隔开。因此,支撑板和触发杆在连接时,倾向于彼此接触,产生结合和摩擦。
所以,对外科装置机构改进关节机构存在明显需要,该外科装置机构通过减少摩擦的关节接头提高对触发杆的支撑。
发明内容
通过配有带关节的外科装置,本发明克服了上述的和先前技术的其它缺陷,该装置通过由侧面支撑板通过关节机构有利支撑的纵向传送触发机构促动端部受动器。当触发机构在连接的支撑板之间纵向移动时为了防止夹住该机构,在两个支撑板之间插入保持部件保持部件。该保持部件有助于越过关节部件提供结构支撑,也有助于隔开支撑板,从而减少触发机构上的摩擦。
本发明的一方面中,外科器械具有一个产生关节动作和触发动作的操纵手柄,这两个动作都通过杆传递到关节机构。该关节机构响应弯曲动作,使端部受动器从杆的纵轴转动。触发机构响应触发动作,并且为移动通过关节机构和端部受动器耦合。由最接近触发机构的保持部件隔开的一对支撑板越过关节机构位于触发机构的侧面。从而,各种促动诊断或治疗的端部受动器可以整合入带有关节的外科装置中,不会在关节机构弯曲,同时带有高触发力,并为内窥镜使用减少组件的尺寸。
本发明的另一个方面中,外科器械具有产生触发动作、关闭动作和关节动作的操纵手柄,各动作通过杆传递。与杆远端耦合的关节机构响应关节动作旋转端部受动器。。端部受动器包括与杆、砧板耦合的伸长通道,该砧板绕轴转动的与伸长通道耦合,并响应来自杆的关闭动作。触发机构具有远端存在的在伸长通道和砧板之间纵向接收的切断边缘。关节机构响应关节动作从杆旋转伸长通道。由保持部件隔开的一对支撑板越过关节机构位于触发机构的侧面。因此,改进的钉和切断装置可以结合触发装置,该装置在连接时抵抗高触发负载,也不会引入明显增加的触发力。
本发明的这些和其它目的和优点将通过附图和说明书描述。
附图说明
与说明书结合并且是说明书的一部分,并且同上述本发明的基本描述一起的附图描述了本发明的实施例,并且实施例的详细描述将在下面给出,提供对本发明原理的解释。
图1是带关节的外科装置在非连接位置的透视图。
图2是带关节的外科装置在连接位置的透视图。
图3是图1、2的带关节的外科的装置的打开端部受动器的透视图。
图4示出了图1所示外科器械的图3的端部受动器的截面侧视图,这一部分通常是沿图3上的线4-4露出钉筒部分,但是也示出了沿纵向中心线的触发杆。
图5示出了图4所示的端部受动器在触发杆完全触发后的侧视图。
图6示出了图1所示包括转动关节控制的外科器械近端的手柄部分的截面侧视图。
图7示出了图1所示外科装置近端的手柄部分的透视、分解图。
图8示出了图1的外科器械的手柄部分的远端部分从右侧向下,向前的透视图,该装置部分切断以显示转动的关节控制机构。
图9示出了图7的手柄部分的远端部分从右侧向上,向后的透视图,该装置部分切断以显示转动的关节控制机构,并且具有分解的转动关节控制旋钮
图10示出了去除了触发和框架部分的图1的外科装置的齿轮管关节机构的顶部透视图。
图11示出了包括齿轮管关节机构的图1的外科装置的器械部分的透视、分解图。
图12示出了包括用于细的触发杆的支撑板的图10的齿轮管关节机构的截面顶视图。
图13示出了部分外壳已经切掉以显示支撑板的齿轮管关节机构的侧面透视图。
图14示出了包括图11所示的支撑板之间的保持杆的图11的器械部分的透视、分解图。
图15示出了图14中的支撑板,触发机构以及保持部件的透视图。
具体实施方式
参考附图,在图中相同的附图标记表示相同的组件,图1-3示出了一种外科手术装置,该装置在描述的实旋例中更特别的是一种外科钉合和切断装置10,该装置能够实现本发明的独特优点。特别是,在图1所示的不连接状态中,为了将该外科钉合和切断装置10通过套管针套管通道插入到达病人的外科手术位置以实现外科手术程序而设定其尺寸。如图2所示,一旦关节机构11和远端连接的端部受动器12通过套管通道插入,关节机构11就可以由关节控制器13间接连接。从而,端部受动器12可以到达器官后面,或从所需角度或为其它原因接近器官。例如,触发机构,有利地以切断夹住组织的E梁触发杆14(图3中示出)示出,其啮合延长通道16和枢轴连接的砧板18。
外科钉合和切断装置10包括连接到器械部分22的把手部分20,该器械部分还包括关节机构在关节机构11中远端终止的杆23和端部受动器12。把手部分20包括手枪式握把24,通过医生以绕枢轴转动的方式朝握把24握紧关闭扳机26,使扳机朝端部受动器12的延长通道16夹紧或关闭。触发扳机28在关闭扳机26的更外侧,并且由医生以绕枢轴转动的方式握紧,而使在端部受动器12夹住的组织钉合和切断。其后,按下释放按钮30以释放夹住的器官。
杆23的最外面的关闭套32响应关闭扳机26纵向地平移,以绕枢轴转动地关闭砧板18。特别地,关于关节机构11的关闭套32的远端部分、或关闭环33由器械部分22(在关节机构11部分可见)的框34间接支撑。在关节机构11上,关闭套32的近端部分或关闭管35与远端部分(关闭环)33相通。框34通过关节机构11可弯曲的连接到延长通道,使的能够在一个平面中连接。框34还纵向滑动的支撑触发驱动部件36,该元件从触发扳机28到触发杆14连通触发动作。图3中仅示出了触发驱动部件36的触发杆14,但是该触发驱动部件36关于旋转地控制关节机构11的各种形式在下面更详细地描述。
应当意识到,在这里根据握住装置把手的医生来使用术语“近端”和“远端”。从而,相对于更近端的把手部分20端部受动器12在远端。还应当意识到,为了方便和清楚,在这里关于附图使用有关空间的术语,如“垂直的”和“水平的”。然而,外科手术装置用于许多的方向和位置,这些术语不意味着是限制的和绝对的。
E梁触发杆
图3-5示出了采用E梁触发杆14以实现许多功能的端部受动器12。在图3中,触发杆14在近端定位,允许未用完的钉夹头37安装在延长通道16中。特别是,触发杆14的上部栓38位于凹进内,作为允许砧板18重复的打开和关闭的砧板袋40示出。如图4所示,随着端部受动器关闭,通过使上部栓38进入纵向的砧板槽42,使触发杆14前进与砧板18啮合。最低的栓,或触发杆帽44通过使触发杆14贯穿通道槽45而啮合延长通道16的较低表面。中间栓46滑动地啮合延长通道16的上表面,与触发杆帽44共同作用。因此,在触发、克服因夹紧组织最小量发生的夹住,以及克服因夹紧组织过量的钉变形的过程中,触发杆14肯定分隔端部受动器12。
在触发时,在触发杆的上部栓38和中间栓46之间的存在于远端的切断边缘48进入存在于近端的钉夹头37的垂直槽49,切断钉夹头37和砧板18之间夹住的组织。如图4所示,中间栓46通过进入钉夹头37内的触发槽促动钉夹头37,以驱动楔形橇41向上凸出与钉驱动器43接触,该钉驱动器43反过来驱动在钉夹头37内的钉孔51外面的多个钉47,以在砧板18的内表面上形成与固定袋53的接触。图5示出了在完成切断和钉合组织后,触发杆14完全向远端平移。
两轴把手
参考图6-7,把手部分20由第一和第二基底部件50和52组成,这两个基底部件由聚合材料,例如玻璃填充聚碳酸酯模制。第一基底部件50配有许多圆柱形栓54。第二基底部件52包括许多伸长部件,各具有六边形开口58。该圆柱形栓54容纳在六边形开口58中,并且通过摩擦力保持在此,用于保持第一和第二基底部件50和52的结合。
壳体帽60具有完全贯穿的孔62,用于啮合器械部分22并绕其纵轴转动。壳体帽60包括沿孔62的至少一部分延长的向内突出的凸台64。该凸台64容纳在纵向槽66中,该纵向槽在关闭套32的近端部分形成,从而壳体帽60的转动产生关闭套32的转动。可以意识到凸台64进一步贯通框架34,并与触发驱动部件36的一部分接触,从而也实现它们的转动。因此,端部受动器12(图3-4中未示出)随壳体帽60转动。
框架34的近端68向近端穿过壳体帽60,并且配有圆周槽70,该槽通过各自从基底部件50和52延伸的相对的槽形固定部件72被啮合。图中仅示出了第二基底部件52的槽形固定部件72。该槽形固定部件72从基底部件50、52延伸,用于将框架34固定到把手部分20,从而该框架34不会相对把手部分20纵向移动。
关闭扳机26具有把手部件74、扇形齿轮部件76、和中间部件78。孔80贯通中间部件78。为了以绕枢轴转动的方式在把手部分20上安装关闭扳机26,从第二基底部件52延伸的圆柱支撑部件82穿过该孔80。从第二基底部件延伸的圆柱支撑部件83穿过触发扳机28的孔81,用于以枢轴转动的方式将其安装在把手部分20上。在圆柱支撑部件83中设有六边形开口84,用于容纳从第一基底部件50延伸的固定栓(未示出)。
关闭轭86嵌在把手部分20内,用于在其中往复移动,并且该关闭轭提供从关闭扳机26到关闭套32的平移。从第二基底部件52延伸的支撑部件88和固定部件72在把手部分20内支撑该轭86,该支撑部件延伸贯通轭86中的凹槽89。
关闭套32的近端部90配有凸缘92,其咬合装配在轭86的远端部96中形成的接收凹槽94内。轭86的近端部98具有齿轮架100,其通过关闭扳机26的扇形齿轮部件76进行啮合。因此,当关闭扳机26向把手部分20的手枪式柄24移动时,轭86和关闭套32向远端移动,同时压缩将轭86向近端偏移的弹簧102。如下所述,关闭套32的远端运动实现了砧板18向远端并且向端部受动器12的伸长通道16的绕枢轴的平移,并且该关闭套的近端移动实现砧板的关闭。
通过与触发扳机28的啮合表面128相互作用的前表面130,关闭扳机26向前偏移到打开位置。夹紧第一钩104,该钩在把手部分20中绕栓106从顶部旋转到后面,限制触发扳机28向手枪式柄24的移动,直到关闭扳机26夹住到其关闭位置。该钩104通过啮合触发扳机28中的锁定栓107来限制触发扳机28的动作。该钩104也与关闭扳机26接触。特别是,该钩104的向前突出108在关闭扳机26的中间部件78上啮合部件110,该部件110在向把手部件74的孔80外。该钩104向接触关闭扳机26的部件110的方向偏移,并且通过释放弹簧112啮合触发扳机28中的锁定栓107。当压下关闭扳机26时,该钩104从顶部向后面移动,压缩释放弹簧112,该弹簧在该钩104上的向后突出114和释放按钮30上的向前突出116之间捕获。
当轭86响应关闭扳机26的近端移动而向远端移动时,释放按钮30的上部闩臂118沿轭86上的上表面120移动,直到落入在轭86近端的,较低部分中的向上存在的凹槽122中。释放弹簧112促使释放按钮30向外,该按钮绕上部闩臂118向下转动到与向上存在的凹槽122啮合,从而在组织夹住位置锁定关闭扳机26。
通过向内推释放按钮30,闩臂118可以移出凹槽122,以释放砧板18。特别是,上部闩臂118绕第二基底部件52的栓123向上转动。然后,允许轭86响应关闭扳机26的返回移动而向近端移动。
触发扳机返回弹簧124定位在把手部分20内,该弹簧的一端连接到第二基底部件52的栓106,另一端连接到触发扳机28上的栓126。为了将触发扳机28在远离把手部分20的手枪式柄24的方向偏移,触发返回弹簧124向栓126施加返回力。通过偏移关闭扳机26前表面130的触发扳机28的啮合表面128,关闭扳机26也远离手枪式柄24偏移。
当关闭扳机26向手枪式柄24移动时,其前表面130与触发扳机28上的啮合表面128啮合,导致触发扳机28移动到其“触发”位置。当在其触发位置时,该触发扳机28设置在相对手枪式柄24成大约45°角的位置。在钉触发后,弹簧124导致触发扳机28返回其初始位置。当触发扳机28返回移动时,其啮合表面128反向推动关闭扳机26的前表面130,导致关闭扳机26返回其初始位置。止推部件132从第二基底部件52延伸,以防止关闭扳机26转动超过其初始位置。
外科钉合和切断装置10另外包括往复运动部件134、增效器136和驱动部件138。该往复运动部件134包括器械部分中的楔形橇、或楔形橇(图6-7中未示出),和金属驱动杆140。
驱动部件138包括第一和第二齿条141和142。在第一和第二齿条141、142中间的驱动部件138上提供第一槽口144。在触发扳机28返回移动时,触发扳机28上的齿146与第一凹槽144啮合,用于在钉触发后使驱动部件138返回其初始位置。第二凹槽148在金属驱动杆140的近端部定位,用于在其非触发位置将金属驱动杆140锁定到释放按钮30的上部闩臂118)。
增效器136包括第一和第二集成小齿轮150和152。第一完整小齿轮150与金属驱动杆140上配备的第一齿条154啮合。第二完整小齿轮152与驱动部件138上的齿条141啮合。第一完整小齿轮150具有第一直径,第二完整小齿轮152具有比第一直径小的第二直径。
转动关节控制器
参考图6-9,把手部分20有利地结合关节控制器13,该关节控制器绕外科手术装置10的纵轴转动器械部分22,并且连接端部受动器12使之与纵轴成一个角度。中空关节驱动管200同心地定位在关闭套32内,并且可操作地耦合到促动控制杆202,从而促动控制杆202的转动使管200绕纵轴转动,并且导致垂直转动,或关闭环250和端部受动器12的连接。关闭环250的这种连接符合由医生观察和操纵的促动控制杆202的转动程度和方向。在所述的形式中,由于促动控制杆202的转动程度与杆23的纵轴的连接程度对应,关系是一对一的,从而向医生提供直观的显示,应当意识到可以选择其它角度关系。
关节控制器13包括一对连接到壳体帽60的镜像连接传送壳体204。此外,连接传送壳体204包括纵向排列的外部翼片206,该翼片由医生扭转以实现连接传送壳体204以及因此端部受动器12绕器械部分22的纵轴转动。促动控制器202连接到圆柱连接体208,该连接体位于通常向上开口的圆柱凹槽210内,并且垂直与杆23。连接体208的最低部分包括尖头212,该尖头咬合进入靠近杆23的连接传送壳体208中的开口214,该尖头212防止连接体208从圆柱凹槽210脱离。
环状存在的齿轮齿216位于连接体208的较低位置,并且与关节轭220上的齿218啮合。关节轭220跨在关闭套32中形成的连接矩形窗口222上。关闭套32在关节控制器13(在纵向)内是可滑动移动的,以关闭和打开端部受动器12。关节驱动管200随关闭套32相对固定关节控制器13纵向移动。关节轭窗口222为关节轭220向内存在的凸台224提供间隙,该关节轭220穿过矩形窗口222,以啮合在关节驱动管200中的槽226,为转动纵向定位关节驱动管200。中空的关节驱动管200在关闭套32内从关节机构11纵向延伸,并且向远端终止于关闭套32的锁定翼片227之前。翼片227在关节驱动管200的近端表面后向内弯曲,并且从而在杆23中保持关节驱动管200。
应当意识到连接传送壳体204运转地连接到杆23的关闭管35。通过近端存在的外径圆形凹槽228,该凹槽在组合基底部件50、52的远端开口啮合圆形向内凸缘230,关节轭关节控制器壳体帽60使关节轭220保持在连接传送壳体60中,并且使关节控制器13保持在把手部分20中。
图10和11以正齿轮关节机构240形式示出了图1-2的齿轮关节机构11,该齿轮关节机构与上述的一样,但是在关节机构240的其它边上带有附加的关节驱动组件,从而提高性能。关节机构240具有可转动的中空关节驱动管242,其同心地位于关闭管32中,并且该关节机构240在第一圆周部分246的周围具有远端突出齿轮部件244。齿轮部件244与连接到柄在近端从关闭环250伸出的正齿轮248啮合,该关闭环绕贯通第一和第二枢轴点252,260的栓253转动,所述枢轴点从关闭套32向远端伸出。从而,关节枢轴线穿过第一和第二枢轴点252、260和栓253,该栓将关闭环250可转动地耦合到关闭套32。驱动器242的转动啮合齿轮242和248,并且在第一和第二枢轴点252、260周围连接关闭环250。
为了增加在中空关节驱动管242和关闭环250之间齿轮接触的有效表面积,中空关节驱动管242的第二圆周部分254具有向远端凹进的从那里延伸的突出齿轮部件256。通过由框架34枢轴支撑的反向齿轮262,该齿轮部件256可操作地耦合到正齿轮258,该正齿轮连接并从关闭环250的反向侧边向近端突出。反向齿轮262在一边啮合向远端凹进的突出齿轮部件256,在另一边啮合关闭环250的第二正齿轮258。
当关闭扳机26促动时,关闭套32的中空关节驱动管242和绕枢轴连接的关闭管250两者都向远端移动以靠近砧板18。通过钉到正齿轮248、258中心的枢轴孔264和266的枢轴点252,260,以及通过那里延伸的框架开口268,关闭套32的关闭管35远离关闭环33。框架开口268提供间隙,从而在连接时关闭环33的近端边缘和关闭套32的关闭管35的远端边缘不会碰撞。
图11以分解方式示出了执行部分270,该器械部分包括正齿轮关节机构240。框架272可纵向连接到在其近端部带有轴套274的把手部分20(在图1和2中示出),与框架272的中心纵向对准的开口278所形成的框架槽276比在框架槽276内纵向滑动的触发连接器280长。触发连接器280的近端部转动地啮合金属驱动杆140(图6中示出)的远端部。触发连接器280的远端部包括容纳触发杆14近端部的槽282,由栓284在其中连接。触发杆14的更远端部分在开槽导向器288的触发杆中的较低凹槽286中定位,该导向器288向远端与带关节的框架部件290和框架272啮合。
带关节的框架部件290具有锚定通道部件292,该部件向远端连接到在伸长通道16中的近端部分的连接套环294。触发杆14穿过带关节的框架部件290中的较低槽295。带关节的框架部件290由开槽导向器288的触发杆远离框架272的远端部,并且为连接由弹性连接器296柔性地连接到那里。弹性连接器296的加宽近端部298啮合框架272远端部中向远端连通的上部凹进300,并且弹性连接器296的加宽远端部302啮合连接框架部件290中向近端连通的上部凹进304。从而,虽然在其之间带有柔性部分,伸长通道16连接到把手部分20。
伸长通道16还具有砧板凸轮槽306,该凸轮槽绕轴转动的容纳砧板18的砧板枢轴308。包围带关节的框架部件290的关闭环250包括向远端存在的翼片310,该翼片啮合最近的但位于砧板18上砧板枢轴308远端的砧板零件312,从而实现开口。当关闭环250向前移动时,其向远端存在的关闭面314接触倾斜圆柱关闭面316,该面位于砧板18的翼片312的远端。这种凸轮动作向下关闭砧板18,直到关闭环250的关闭面314接触砧板18的平圆柱面318。
支撑板
图12-13显示的是沿杆23与端部受动器12之间的可弯曲支撑结构示出的关节枢轴的关节机构240并且有利于实现切断的触发杆14的结构为关节也是足够弯曲的。中空的关节驱动管道242与闭合环33上的正齿轮248相啮合。该图上省略了关闭套32的近端部分35(即关闭管35),该关闭套为了在上部枢轴点252和下部枢轴点260的正齿轮248的连接纵向定位。
关节机构240中的弹性支撑使得关于关节枢轴该关节可以包括一对支撑板400和402,其在触发杆14的近端部分的侧面,防止它们穿过框架开口268时弯曲。从而,当触发杆14弯曲时能够传送很大的负载。触发杆14的近端部分是作为伸长锥形触发带404示出的,该触发带由弹簧材料的一个或多个平片形成,该材料为关于关节枢轴弯曲而布置。该锥形发射带404远端变得比较厚,作为触发杆头406描述,该远端包括切割边缘48,上部栓38,中部栓46和触发杆帽44(在图12中省略掉的栓)。该较厚的触发杆头406具有增加的厚度以防止在触发过程中产生偏移,从而确保进行有效的切断和固定钉筒的促动。通过在关节机构240的近端408和远端410的一个或全部上引入易弯曲的配合,支持板400和402可以有利减小锥形发射带404的发射负载峰值的影响。
一对支持板400和402各有近端和远端滑动弹性端部412和414,分别由框架32内的框架袋416,以及带关节的框架部件290上的端部框架袋418接收。当关节机构240连接时,这两个袋416和418为支持板400和402上的弹性终端412和414提供一个间隙,减小向内的框架开口268,加长向外的框架开口268。反方向弯曲端部受动器12使弹性端部412和414(未示出)的位置反向。只要当近端弹性端部412趋于非刚性啮合到框架袋416的最远端表面420时,支持板400和402能够响应触发杆14的峰值触发负载弯曲地向远端移动。
带关节机构中的锁定杆
图14-15示出了关节机构500,类似图11所示,该机构有利地防止在器械部分22内的触发杆14在支撑板400、402之间夹住。另外作为上述关节机构的正齿轮连接的替换,图14示出了伞齿轮部件502,该部件向远端连接到关节驱动管504。封闭环506包括伞齿轮508。封闭环啮合到砧板18。封闭管(未示出)包围框架510,并且绕轴转动地连接到封闭环506。带关节的框架部件512连接到容纳钉筒37的伸长通道16。触发杆14向近端地连接到触发连接器280,并且如前所述纵向传送。
参考图14-15,代替弹性连接器296(见图11)的支撑板400、402可弯曲地连接,并且隔开框架510的远端部和带关节的框架部件512。另外的弹性连接由倚靠在触发杆14上的锁定杆514有利地提供。各锁定杆514的侧面厚度足够薄以适当弯曲,带有足够数量的锁定杆514以侧面隔开支撑板400、402,从而在下面的触发杆14不会在关节机构500的关节上夹住。各锁定杆514包括向上分别啮合带关节框架部件512中的远端槽520和框架510中的近端槽522的远端和近端侧面突出516、518。
尽管本发明已经通过对几个实施方式的说明进行了描述,并且尽管已经非常详尽地描述了说明性的实施方式,但是并不意味着将随附的权利要求的范围限定或者以任何方式限制为这样的细节。对本领域的普通技术人员来说,附加的优点和改进可以很容易得看出。
本发明已经在内窥镜检查过程和装置方面进行了讨论。然而,在此使用的术语例如“内窥镜检查”不应当解释为将本发明限定为仅用于与内窥镜管(即,套管针)结合的外科钉合和切断装置。正相反,应当相信本发明可以在通道限定为小切口的任何过程中得到应用,包括但不限定在腹腔镜检查过程,也包括开口过程。
另外一个例子,尽管E梁发射梁14应用在提供内窥镜的外科钉合和切断装置10上是非常有优势的,但是类似的E梁也可以用在其他临床应用中。一般认为内窥镜过程要比腹腔镜过程更常见一些。因此,本发明依据内窥镜的应用和装置讨论。但是,此处使用的术语例如“内窥镜”不应该解释为强本发明限定在仅用于与内窥镜管(如套管针)连接的外科钉合和切断装置。相反的,我们相信本发明所述的装置应能用于任何通道限定在小切口的过程,包括但不限于腹腔镜过程,也包括开口过程。
再举一个例子,尽管所述的手柄20是由术者手动操作的,但是其外观设计决定了,手柄的部分或全部功能可以动力化(如气动,液压动力,电动或超声动力等)。此外,这些功能可以用手柄来控制,或用遥控(如无线遥控,自动化遥控板等)。
再举一个例子,尽管上述装置是将钉合和切断同时操作,但是本发明的还能支持其他的端部受动器,如刀片,钉,夹子放置器,接近装置,药物/基因治疗装置,超声、射频、激光等换能装置等。
例如,支持板端部可以混合使用刚性连接,弹性连接和弹簧连接,就像在近端使用弹性连接而在远端使用弹簧连接。

Claims (4)

1.一种外科装置,该装置包括:
以产生关节动作和触发动作的方式可操作地构成的手柄;
为传递该关节动作和触发动作具有连接到把手部分的纵轴的杆;
将该杆耦合到端部受动器,并且响应该关节动作从该杆的纵轴转动该端部受动器的关节机构;
远端连接到关节机构端部受动器;
响应触发动作,并且为通过关节机构和响应触发动作的端部受动器移动耦合的发射机构;
位于跨越关节机构的发射机构的侧面的一对支持板;和
在一对支撑板之间插入,并为了将该对支撑板隔开至少触发机构的厚度,从侧面隔开支撑板到最接近触发机构的保持部件。
2.如权利要求1所述的外科装置,其中保持部件包括许多侧面层叠的保持杆。
3.一种外科装置,该装置包括:
可操作产生触发动作、关闭动作、和关节动作的把手部分;
耦合到把手部分,可操作分别传递该触发动作、关闭动作、和关节动作的杆;
耦合到该杆的伸长通道;
绕轴转动地耦合到该杆,响应从该杆的关闭动作的砧板;
包括纵向地容纳在该伸长通道和该砧板之间的远端存在的切割边缘的触发装置;和
使伸长通道从该杆响应关节动作绕轴转动的关节机构;
位于跨越关节机构的发射机构的侧面的一对支持板;
在一对支撑板之间插入,并从侧面隔开支撑板到最接近触发机构的保持部件。
4.如权利要求3所述的外科器械,其中保持部件包括许多侧面层叠的保持杆。
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JP4606795B2 (ja) 2011-01-05
AU2004203115A1 (en) 2005-01-27
CA2473506A1 (en) 2005-01-09
BRPI0402656A (pt) 2005-03-29
EP1495726A1 (en) 2005-01-12
AU2004203115B2 (en) 2010-12-02
CN1286433C (zh) 2006-11-29
CA2473506C (en) 2012-04-24
JP2005028147A (ja) 2005-02-03
MXPA04006762A (es) 2005-04-19
BRPI0402656B8 (pt) 2021-06-22
EP1495726B1 (en) 2009-08-26
US6786382B1 (en) 2004-09-07
ES2330434T3 (es) 2009-12-10
ATE440546T1 (de) 2009-09-15
BRPI0402656B1 (pt) 2017-02-07

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