CN1518421A - 具有气囊过滤器的鞋 - Google Patents
具有气囊过滤器的鞋 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/18—Resilient soles
- A43B13/20—Pneumatic soles filled with a compressible fluid, e.g. air, gas
- A43B13/206—Pneumatic soles filled with a compressible fluid, e.g. air, gas provided with tubes or pipes or tubular shaped cushioning members
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/18—Resilient soles
- A43B13/20—Pneumatic soles filled with a compressible fluid, e.g. air, gas
- A43B13/203—Pneumatic soles filled with a compressible fluid, e.g. air, gas provided with a pump or valve
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/06—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated
- A43B7/08—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures
- A43B7/081—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements ventilated with air-holes, with or without closures the air being forced from outside
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/12—Special watertight footwear
- A43B7/125—Special watertight footwear provided with a vapour permeable member, e.g. a membrane
Abstract
本发明公开了一种运动鞋制品(100),其具有设置在鞋底结构(120)中的充气气囊(190)。该充气气囊通过过滤器(130)与大气流体连通,所述过滤器允许大气进入气囊,但是限制液体和颗粒进入气囊。在操作中,过滤器和气囊可以是在鞋制品接触运动表面时吸收振动的气囊系统的一部分。或者过滤器和气囊可以是给鞋制品内部通风的气囊系统的一部分。过滤器可以由连接至载体的膨胀聚四氟乙烯形成。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种鞋。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种用来防止水、其它液体和颗粒妨碍位于鞋制品内的部件工作的过滤系统。
发明背景
现代运动鞋设计的主要目的在于减轻重量同时加大舒适性、减震性、稳定性和耐久性。为了实现这个目标,鞋的设计者广泛采用了各种材料、鞋设计技术和制鞋方法。但是,运动鞋的基本设计保持基本一致。
通常的运动鞋包括两个主要部件,一鞋面和一鞋底。鞋面通常由皮革、合成材料或其组合材料形成,其目的在于在将穿戴者的脚舒适地固定在鞋底上同时提供必要的通气性。鞋底与鞋面连接在一起。鞋底通常具有一种多层结构,它包括内鞋底、中间鞋底和外鞋底。内鞋底由设置在鞋面内的薄衬垫部件构成以提高脚的舒适性。中间鞋底形成鞋底的中间层并且通常包括一种弹性泡沫材料,该材料缓冲了跑步、走路或其它运动对脚的冲击力。外鞋底通常由耐久材料例如合成或天然橡胶形成,以在使用期间抵抗磨损。在许多情况中,外鞋底包括一带纹路的表面以提高附着摩擦力。
在被引用作为参考的US4183156(1980年1月15日授予给MarionF.Rudy专利权)中所披露的另一种中间鞋底结构包括一中间鞋底部件,其中通过由弹性材料形成的充有流体的气囊提供减震。该气囊包括多个管状腔室,它们纵向延伸穿过鞋制品的长度。这些不同的管状腔室相互流体连通并且共同延伸穿过鞋的宽度。被引用作为参考的US4219945(1980年9月2日授予Marion F.Rudy专利权)披露了一种封装在泡沫材料内的充有流体的气囊。气囊和封装泡沫材料的组合体用作中间鞋底。鞋面可以连接在封装泡沫材料的上表面上,并且外鞋底可以固定在下表面上。
在′156和′945专利中所披露的充有流体的气囊采用了分子大小较大的气体,该气体不会扩散穿过气囊壁。相反,包括在被引用作为参考的US4912861(1990年授予Ing-Chung Huang专利权);US5335382(1994年8月9日授予Yin-Jun Huang专利权);以及US5937462(1999年8月17日授予Ing-Chung Huang专利权)中所披露的气囊的其它气囊装置采用空气作为充气气体。与分子大小较大的气体不一样,空气会扩散穿过气囊壁。因此,采用空气作为充气气体的那些气囊常常包括有泵或其它充气装置以给该气囊充气。另外,这些气囊包括有阀门,用来防止空气通过入口逸出。
随着时间的过去,水和各种颗粒包括灰尘、污垢、小石子、织物、清洗液、油、化妆品和颜料会进入气囊、泵和在包括有空气入口的系统中的阀门。因此这些气囊、泵和阀门会出现颗粒沉积物或霉菌生长,这些会对气囊泵吸系统或用来防止漏气的阀门造成不利影响。因此,该领域需要一种改进的充有大气的气囊,它基本上防止液体和颗粒进入气囊且对气囊性能造成不利影响。
发明概述
本发明涉及用于容纳穿戴者的脚的鞋制品。该鞋制品包括用于覆盖穿戴者的至少一部分脚的鞋面、连接在该鞋面上的鞋底结构和与大气流体连通并且连接在该鞋制品上的充气气囊。另外,该鞋制品包括与气囊和大气流体连通的过滤器,该过滤器构成为允许大气进入气囊和限制液体和颗粒进入该气囊。
在一个实施方案中,过滤器位于鞋的外表面上,并且气囊位于鞋底结构中。在穿戴者行走或跑步时,气体穿过该过滤器并且气囊被充气。过滤器的作用在于防止液体和颗粒进入该系统从而对鞋的运动特性和气囊和其它部件的机械性能造成不利影响。例如,灰尘和水会聚集在可以看到的气囊部分中,由此降低了该鞋的运动性能。另外,液体和颗粒的沉积物会防止本发明的部件正确工作。
过滤器可以采用各种材料,包括聚四氟乙烯、膨胀的聚四氟乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚丙烯和陶瓷过滤材料。为了帮助防止水和其它液体进入该系统,该过滤器可以是憎水的或憎油的。可以将多孔材料层设置在过滤器的外部上以保护和支撑该过滤器。
体现本发明的各种优点和新颖性特征具体在权利要求中给出但是,为了更好地理解本发明,应该参照附图以及伴随的说明内容,其中描述并且显示出本发明的优选实施方案。
附图的简要说明
图1为根据本发明第一实施方案的气囊系统的鞋制品的侧视图。
图2为在图1中所示的鞋制品的剖视图。
图3为根据本发明第一实施方案的气囊系统的示意图。
图4为根据本发明第一实施方案的变型的气囊系统的示意图。
图5A为根据本发明第一实施方案的过滤结构的平面图。
图5B为在图5A中所示的过滤结构的剖视图。
图5C为用在本发明第一实施方案中的气囊的示意性平面图。
图6为具有根据本发明第二实施方案的气囊系统的鞋制品的剖视图。
图7为具有根据本发明第三实施方案的气囊系统的鞋制品的剖视图。
优选实施方案的详细说明
参照这些附图,其中相同的标号表示相同的元件,这些附图披露了根据本发明的鞋制品。这些附图只是显示出打算用在穿戴者的右脚上的鞋制品。本领域普通技术人员将认识到,作为右脚的镜像的左脚鞋制品也包括在本发明的范围内。
如在图1中所示一样,鞋100为运动鞋,尤其是跑鞋。但是鞋100可以任意类型的鞋,包括全能鞋、网球鞋、篮球鞋、步行鞋、直排轮溜冰鞋(in-line skate)、滑雪靴、旅行鞋、凉鞋、礼服鞋或路夫便鞋。鞋100包括连接在鞋底结构120上的鞋面110。鞋面110和鞋底120的形状可以根据鞋的类型进行改变,但是应该允许包括如下面所述的其它部件。
在图1和2中所示的鞋底结构120包括一内鞋底121、一中间鞋底122和一外鞋底123。内鞋底121是一位于鞋面110内并且位于穿戴者的脚底下的薄吸震部件,它用来提高鞋100的舒适性。中间鞋底122连接在鞋面110的下表面上,并且由泡沫材料例如聚氨酯、phylon或者乙烯醋酸乙烯酯形成,它在鞋100接触着运动表面时吸收冲击力。外鞋底123连接在中间鞋底122的下表面上,并且可以由耐久耐磨聚合物例如碳黑橡胶化合物形成。外鞋底123的下表面可以形成有纹路以在接触运动表面时增强附着摩擦力。在某些鞋制品中,内鞋底和外鞋底层中的一层或两层可以除去。当内鞋底和外鞋底层都除去时,单层材料用作整个鞋底结构。或者,鞋底结构120可以具有没有包含泡沫材料的结构。
除了鞋面110和鞋底结构120之外,鞋100包括多个可以布置成多种形态的部件。在下面详细所述的第一实施方案中,这些部件组合在一起形成一种具有充有大气的气囊的系统,该系统为鞋100提供增强的吸震性能。在第二实施方案,披露了在一种提供增强吸震性能的可选方法。在同样在下面所述的第三实施方案中,这些部件组合在一起形成一种使容纳在鞋面110内的脚通气的系统。
对于在图2和3中所示的第一实施方案,鞋100还包括一过滤结构130,它使得空气能够进入第一管道140但是限制了液体和颗粒进入。可以包括有第一阀门150的管道140使过滤结构130与泵160流体连通。可以包括一第二阀门180的第二管道170使泵160与气囊190流体连通。因此,空气可以穿过过滤结构130,并且通过各个部件的作用进入气囊190。
第一实施方案的各个部件的目的在于给气囊190充气,由此提供了具有增强吸震性能的中间鞋底122。当由个人穿上时,例如在跑步期间,鞋100重复接触运动表面,并且在每次接触之后与运动表面脱离。当与运动表面接触时,泵160在穿戴者的体重作用下压缩。当鞋100脱离运动表面时,泵160回到未压缩状态,由此使泵160内的压力降低至环境压力。泵160和大气之间的压力差通过过滤结构130将空气抽进第一管道140。然后该空气经过第一阀门150并且进入泵160,由此均衡了在泵160和大气之间的压力。当外鞋底123再次与运动表面接触时,穿戴者身体的作用力挤压着泵160并且提高了在泵160中的气体压力。由于压力增加,所以迫使气体进入第二管道170,经过第二阀门180并且进入气囊190。要注意,第一阀门150允许空气从第一管道140进入泵160,但是防止空气沿着相反的方向排出。同样,第二阀门180允许空气流进气囊190,但是防止空气沿着相反方向流动。这样,通过也与大气流体连通的过滤结构130使气囊190与大气流体连通。
如上所述,泵160在鞋100脱离运动表面时恢复到未压缩状态。当结合进中间鞋底122时,中间鞋底122在压缩之后的膨胀可以提供一种足以使泵160回到未压缩状态的装置。但是在中间鞋底122不能完全使泵160回到未压缩状态或者泵160没有处于中间鞋底中的情况下可能需要其它装置。其它装置可以包括由泡沫形成的设置在泵160内的弹簧或元件。另外,其它装置可以取决于泵160要回到未压缩状态的内在趋势。
在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下可以采用使用类似部件的其它结构。例如,第一阀门150可以设置在泵160附近或者设在泵160内。在另一个可选结构中,可以增加第三管道141,从而如在图4中所示一样空气在经过过滤结构130之前必须经过第三管道141。而且,可以在鞋100内设置多个泵160和气囊190。
过滤结构130防止了水、其它液体和各种颗粒妨碍各个系统部件例如第一阀门150、泵160和第二阀门180以及气囊190工作。例如颗粒如果能够进入该系统的话将会聚集在第一阀门150周围,从而允许空气能够自由地从泵160返回过滤结构190,由此跑到大气中并且降低了在气囊190中所得到的压力。另外,水和颗粒会聚集在气囊190中,并且变得可以从鞋100的外面看到,由此降低了鞋100的运动性能。如果允许水进入气囊190或该系统的其它部分,侧会明显增加鞋100的重量。另外,可以会用作磨料,从而将部分该系统磨掉,由此降低了耐久性。因此,过滤结构130用来防止会对该系统产生不利影响的液体和颗粒进入。
参照图5A和5B,过滤结构130包括第一片131、第二片132、中间片133和过滤器134。通常过滤器134是一种半多孔介质,空气必须经过该介质以便进入第一管道140然后进入气囊190。第一片131和中间片133位于过滤器134的相对侧面上,并且为过滤器134提供支撑和保护。在第一片131中的孔135a和在中间片133中的孔135b允许空气穿过过滤器134并且进入与第一管道140流体连通的凹槽136。第二片132与中间片133结合在一起形成凹槽136。在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下还可以采用可选的过滤结构形状。例如,可以从过滤结构130中除去中间片133。另外,第一管道140可以包括一喇叭形端部,过滤器134可以连接在该端部上,由此不需要第一片131、第二片132和中间片133。
为了给过滤器134提供保护并且允许过滤器134具有足够大的表面积,第一片131和中间片133可以粘接在过滤器134的周边上。该结构使得空气能够穿过在第一片131中的孔135a,在第一片131和过滤器134之间通过,然后穿过过滤器134和孔135b,由此增加了过滤器134的有效面积,超过由孔135a直接暴露的面积。过滤器134还可以具有一种波纹结构以便于空气流到过滤器134的所有部分并且有效增加了过滤器134的表面积。
孔135可以为在第一片131和中间片133中的多个小孔或者数量更少的大孔。为了确保空气自由地穿过至少一部分过滤器134,可以使孔135a与孔135b对准。除了为空气提供接触过滤器134的途径之外,孔135a还可以用作粗滤器以防止较大的物体和颗粒接触并且由此损坏过滤器134。如果过滤器134需要额外保护,则可以将由多孔材料、织物或泡沫形成的网装在过滤结构130的外部上。
可以形成过滤器134的材料应该符合涉及空气流速、水进入压力、颗粒尺寸和工作温度的总体构思。在空气流速上,过滤器134应该使得空气能够以足以在穿戴者的连续迈步之间给泵160充气的速度流动。也就是说,过滤器134应该具有一最小空气流速,它使得泵160能够在其中泵160没有受到压缩的每次分散的时间间隔中通过将空气抽入穿过过滤器134从完全压缩的状态中膨胀。例如,该时间间隔可以使在穿戴者单次迈步期间在穿戴者的脚没有与运动表面接触的时间。这样,最小空气流速所依赖的变形是穿戴者连续迈步之间的时间和泵160的体积。假设过滤面积足够大,则允许空气通过的任何过滤材料可以构成为具有最小空气流速。例如,大部分鞋面100的外部可以由与气囊190流体连通的过滤材料构成。但是,示例性的实际过滤面积可以在0.1和1平方英寸的范围内。如本领域普通技术人员所知道的一样,颗粒沉积物或液体在过滤器134的外部上的存在会抑制空气流动。因此,应该将上述的考虑事项调节成解决由于外部杂质存在而导致的气流减弱的问题。
除了最小空气流速之外,过滤器134应该选择为具有最小水进入压力,这防止了水在等于由泵160的膨胀而产生的真空压力的压力差下通过。在泵160膨胀时,在泵160、第一管道140和凹槽136内产生出真空。另外,压力差会引起在过滤器134的外部上出现液体通过。因此,过滤材料应该选择为具有这样一种水进入压力,从而防止了水在等于由泵160的膨胀而产生的真空压力的压力差下通过。但是,水进入压力越大,则越理想。例如,鞋100的穿戴者可能步入进水坑中或者将鞋100浸入在湖或水塘中。在这些情况中,水在过滤器134的外部上的静态压力与真空压力结合会产生一个明显大于单独由真空压力产生出的压力差的压力差。因此,用来防止水在大约泵160的真空压力的压力下进入的过滤器对于在许多情况中防止水通过是必要的。要注意的是,空气流速和水进入压力通常反向相关。因此,具有高水进入压力的过滤材料通常具有低空气流速。本领域普通技术人员可以协调这些相矛盾的考虑因素。
过滤器134所选用的材料还应该阻挡颗粒,这些颗粒会降低鞋100的运动性能或者对第一阀门150、第二阀门170或泵160的性能造成不利影响,这些颗粒物包括灰尘、污垢、小石子、植物、化妆品、食物和颜料。通常,最小的可见颗粒其尺寸大约为50微米;细菌的尺寸在0.4微米至11微米的范围内;而某些内霉素平均大小为0.01微米。与水入口压力一样,在可以自由通过过滤材料的颗粒尺寸和空气流速之间也存在反向关系。还有,本领域普通技术人员可以协调这些相矛盾的考虑因素。对于本发明,足够的颗粒阻挡尺寸可以为1-3微米。
对于水和其它液体而言,优选的是过滤器1334为憎水的且憎油的。换句话说,过滤器134应该排斥可能聚集在外表面上的水和油。附着在外表面上的液体会堵塞用来允许空气通过的孔。另外,这些液体在超过最小水进入压力时容易被抽进该系统中。因此,排斥水和油的过滤材料更不容易将水或油抽进该系统中。
最后,过滤器134应该在各种不同的环境条件下工作。通常,与水进入压力相关的标准应该注意防止水在下雨或下雪条件下进入气囊系统200。另外,过滤器134应该能够在暴露于温度极值之后正确工作,这些温度极值可能在负10度华式温度和正175度华氏温度的范围内。
一种用于过滤器134的合适材料为设置在基底材料上的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)。PTFE具有所要求的特性并且在连接在基底例如无纺聚酯上时相当经久耐用。在PTFE的标准配方上的一个变型为膨胀的聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE),它例如由W.L.Gore&Associates制造。除了PTFE之外,用于过滤器134的其它合适材料包括高密度聚乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯和某些陶瓷过滤材料。编织材料、织造材料、无纺材料、由一层或多层不同过滤材料构成的层压结构以及纸张也是合适的。另外,过滤结构130可以由固态多孔材料形成。
第一管道140为空气从凹槽136流向泵160提供了一条途径。如在图2和3中所示一样,该第一管道140包括第一阀门150。同样,第二管道170为空气从泵160流向气囊190提供了一条途径,并且包括第二阀门180。第一阀门150和第二阀门180可以为单通阀或双向阀,这些阀门分别允许空气从凹槽136流向泵160并且从泵160流向气囊190。合适的阀门包括在Huang的′861、′382和′462专利中所披露的那些;由Vernay制造的鸭嘴形单向阀;由A.C.HoffmanEngineering Inc.制造的阀门;以及在US5144708(1992年9月8日授予给Robert W.Pekar专利权)中所披露的阀门。
如所述一样,第一阀门150可以使单向阀或双向阀。第一阀门150的主要功能在于防止空气从泵160流向过滤器134。在一些情况下,最好限制在泵160内的压力。因此,可以使用只有在泵160内实现了预定压力之后允许空气从泵160流向过滤器134的双向阀。
第一管道140的长度必须足以使过滤结构130与泵160连接。如在图2中所示一样,过滤结构130位于鞋面110的脚背部分上,并且泵160位于中间鞋底122中。因此,第一管道140从中间鞋底122的边缘延伸出并且穿过鞋面110以与过滤结构130连接。过滤结构130可以位于多个位置中,包括鞋底的后跟区域、脚踝区域的中间或侧面或者在鞋面110的内部上。在确定第一管道140和过滤结构130的位置中,必须考虑到水或其它液体可能接触过滤器134的可能性。为了降低过滤结构130暴露于水的可能性,可以在相对更大的高度处将过滤结构130设在鞋100的部分上。
泵160包括第一片161、第二片162、入口163和出口164。泵160的一个目的在于提供大量低于环境压力的空气,其将空气抽过过滤结构130,之后穿过入口163。随着中间鞋底122的膨胀,在第一片161和第二片162分开时产生出该低于环境压力的空气。在中间鞋底122脱离运动表面时,压缩力降低,并且中间鞋底122膨胀。中间鞋底122的膨胀迫使第一片161和第二片162分开,由此产生出该小于环境压力的空气。泵160的第二个目的在于提供压力增加,这迫使空气通过出口164排出泵160之后进入气囊190。在中间鞋底122接触着运动表面并且受到挤压时,第一片161和第二片162之间的体积降低,由此产生大量压缩空气,该空气通过出口164离开泵160并且进入气囊190。要注意的是,空气在泵160中的空气压力超过在气囊190中的空气压力时将只进入气囊190。如上所述,可以采用其它方法来使泵160膨胀。
过滤器134所需要的空气流速取决于泵160的容积。另外,位于第一阀150和入口163之间的部分第一管道140也可以加入到泵160的体积中。当中间鞋底122受到挤压时,在第一管道140的这个部分中的空气也压缩,由此加入到泵160的泵送动作中。同样,也可以将位于入口164和第二阀180之间的部分第二管道170加入到泵160的体积中。
泵160和气囊190例如可以采用一种双膜吹塑或者真空成形技术制造。如果通过双膜技术制造,则气囊190可以包括第一片191、第二片192和与第二管道170连接的入口193。在双膜技术中,将两层单独的弹性膜层叠置而且沿着周边在预定内部区域处焊接在一起。在′156和′945Rudy专利中可以找到这些气囊和传统焊接技术的实施例。
双膜技术的一个优点在于,它可以用来一体形成所述系统的许多部件,包括过滤结构130的部分、第一管道140、泵160、第二管道170和气囊190。根据该双膜技术,将例如中间片133、过滤器134、以及阀150和180的元件设置在两层弹性材料中间,随后这两层弹性材料利用例如一种或多种射频焊接操作来进行焊接。焊接操作之后,可以对层的多余部分进行修整,该一体化形成的部件可以结合进鞋100中。要指出的是,该双膜技术形成一种系统,其中第一片131、第一片161以及第一片191可以由双膜技术的第一层形成。或者,中间片133、第一片161、以及第一片191可以由双膜技术的第一层形成。类似的,第二片132、第二片162以及第二片192可以由双膜技术的第二层形成。这种连续性减少了各种部件之间的结合点以及连接的数量,由此提高了系统的耐用性。
气囊190也可以通过吹塑技术来形成,其中将液化的弹性材料放在具有气囊190的所需整体形状和结构的模具中。该模具在引入加压空气的位置处具有开口。加压空气迫使液化的弹性材料抵住模具的内表面,并使得材料硬化。在Huang的专利′861、′382以及′462、Potter等人的US5353459、以及Potter的US5406719中披露了吹塑技术的示例,这些专利在此引入作为参考。′719专利披露了一种由单独的片形成鞋气囊的技术。Potter的US5755001(也在此引入作为参考)披露了一种鞋气囊以及气囊制造方法,其中外部膜层绕着它们的周边被封在一起,并且通过一个或多个作为拉伸部件(tensile member)的内部片而彼此内部连接。也可以采用其它制造方法。
形成气囊190的材料优选能防止大量的空气通过第一片191和第二片192扩散,由此确保气囊190保持膨胀。但是可能发生有限的扩散,因为第一实施方案的系统会更换漏出的空气量。另外,气囊190的材料会在高的和低的操作温度下都保持柔韧和耐用。适合的材料包括在Rudy的′156和′945专利中披露的那些材料。一种优选的材料是热塑性聚氨酯。
如图2所示,气囊190的位置处于鞋100的后跟区域。在图5C中显示了一种由两片材料形成的适合的后跟气囊的示例。气囊190围绕着其U形周边被密封,包括衬垫和在内部的点状焊缝。在本发明的范围内可以使用各种气囊形状、尺寸以及位置。例如,气囊190可以位于中间鞋底122的整个长度和宽度上,由此基本在穿戴者的整个脚之下。另外,气囊190可以限于鞋100的一侧或者可以位于前脚区域。另外,在一只鞋中可以有多个气囊,例如第一气囊在后跟区域,第二气囊在前脚区域。
在参考第一实施方案描述的这种类型的一个示例系统中,过滤器134由膨胀的PTFE过滤材料形成,面积为0.88平方英寸。过滤器134的这种面积足以提供可以使体积为17立方厘米的泵160膨胀的气流速率。而泵160的体积足以使得体积为63立方厘米的气囊190完全膨胀。在第一管道140和第二管道170中使用由Vernay制造的鸭嘴形单向阀。
图6公开了本发明的第二实施方案,显示了具有过滤器134a的鞋100a的截面。泵160a位于鞋100a的前脚部分,气囊190a位于中间鞋底122a的后跟部分中。具有阀180a的管道160a允许空气从泵160a流向气囊190a。过滤器134a连接至泵160a的上表面,从而来自鞋面110a内的空气可以穿过过滤器134a并进入泵160a。
该实施方案的目的是公开一种使得气囊(在该情况中是气囊190a)膨胀至大于环境压力的压力的替换方法。当鞋100a没有与运动表面接触时,中间鞋底122a和泵160a完全膨胀。在这种状态下,泵160a开始充满大致处于环境压力下的空气。当鞋100a接触到运动表面时,穿戴者的脚覆盖过滤器134a,从而空气不会进入泵160a,也不会离开该泵160a。当冲击力压缩中间鞋底122a并由此压缩泵160a时,泵160a内的空气压力升高,空气穿过管道170a和阀180a,由此进入气囊190a。当鞋100a从运动表面升高时,穿戴者的脚没有覆盖过滤器134a,空气进入泵160a,并且可以重复该过程。要指出的是,阀180a防止空气离开气囊190a。
图7显示的第三实施方案包括与通风系统接合使用的过滤材料。鞋200包括鞋面210以及鞋底结构220。通风系统可以主要位于鞋底结构220中,包括允许空气流入到第一管道240中的过滤器230。第一管道240包括允许空气流入到气囊260中但是不能沿相反方向流动的第一阀250。第二管道270从气囊260通向第二阀280。在第二阀280之后,第二管道270分成通向鞋面210内部的多个通风管道290。多个过滤器230覆盖通风管道290的端部,从而防止液体和颗粒进入该系统。在一种替换形式中,过滤器230的单个部分可以设置成覆盖通风管道290的所有端部。气囊260的压缩迫使空气进入通风管道290中,然后进入鞋面210,由此给鞋面210的内部通风。与其它结构一样,过滤器230和230’可以防止液体或者颗粒进入该系统。
在前面的描述中已经参考附图描述了本发明的许多特征和优点。但是,这种公开只是示例性的,本发明不限于所示实施方案。本领域的技术人员可以作出各种改变和改进,而不会脱离本发明的范围或精神。
Claims (16)
1.一种用于容纳穿戴者的脚的鞋制品。该鞋制品包括:
用于覆盖穿戴者的脚的至少一部分的鞋面;
连接在该鞋面上的鞋底结构;
与大气流体连通并且连接在该鞋制品上的充气气囊;以及
与所述气囊和大气流体连通的过滤器,该过滤器构成为允许大气进入所述气囊和限制液体和颗粒进入该气囊。
2.如权利要求1所述的鞋制品,其中,所述过滤器包括聚四氟乙烯。
3.如权利要求2所述的鞋制品,其中,所述聚四氟乙烯是膨胀的聚四氟乙烯。
4.如权利要求1所述的鞋制品,其中,所述过滤器包括高密度聚乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚丙烯以及陶瓷过滤材料中的一种。
5.如权利要求1所述的鞋制品,其中,所述过滤器是憎水的和憎油的。
6.如权利要求1所述的鞋制品,其中,一多孔层位于所述过滤器之上,所述多孔层允许空气进出所述过滤器。
7.如权利要求6所述的鞋制品,其中,所述多孔层防止大颗粒和物品与所述过滤器相接触。
8.如权利要求1所述的鞋制品,其中,所述气囊位于所述鞋底结构中。
9.一种用于容纳穿戴者的脚的鞋制品。该鞋制品包括:
用于覆盖穿戴者的脚的至少一部分的鞋面;
连接在该鞋面上的鞋底结构;
与大气流体连通并且连接在该鞋制品上的充气气囊;以及
与所述气囊和大气流体连通的聚四氟乙烯过滤器,该过滤器构成为允许大气进入所述气囊和限制液体和颗粒进入该气囊。
10.如权利要求9所述的鞋制品,其中,所述聚四氟乙烯是膨胀的聚四氟乙烯。
11.如权利要求9所述的鞋制品,其中,所述过滤器是憎水的和憎油的。
12.如权利要求9所述的鞋制品,其中,一多孔层位于所述过滤器之上,所述多孔层允许空气进出所述过滤器。
13.如权利要求12所述的鞋制品,其中,所述多孔层防止大颗粒和物品与所述过滤器相接触。
14.如权利要求9所述的鞋制品,其中,所述气囊位于所述鞋底结构中。
15.如权利要求14所述的鞋制品,其中,所述过滤器位于所述鞋底结构中。
16.如权利要求14所述的鞋制品,其中,所述过滤器位于所述鞋面中。
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-
2001
- 2001-06-21 US US09/887,523 patent/US20020194747A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-06-19 CN CNA028123638A patent/CN1518421A/zh active Pending
- 2002-06-19 CA CA002450944A patent/CA2450944A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-06-19 DE DE60208195T patent/DE60208195T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-19 WO PCT/US2002/016580 patent/WO2003000083A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-06-19 EP EP02780878A patent/EP1397056B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-19 AT AT02780878T patent/ATE313279T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-09-06 HK HK04106689A patent/HK1063716A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-02-07 US US11/053,697 patent/US7210249B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2006
- 2006-06-29 US US11/476,607 patent/US8037623B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2450944A1 (en) | 2003-01-03 |
US20060272179A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
DE60208195D1 (de) | 2006-01-26 |
WO2003000083A1 (en) | 2003-01-03 |
EP1397056B1 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
EP1397056A1 (en) | 2004-03-17 |
US8037623B2 (en) | 2011-10-18 |
ATE313279T1 (de) | 2006-01-15 |
HK1063716A1 (en) | 2005-01-14 |
DE60208195T2 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
US20050132606A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
US7210249B2 (en) | 2007-05-01 |
US20020194747A1 (en) | 2002-12-26 |
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