CN1382499A - 多腔导管 - Google Patents

多腔导管 Download PDF

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CN1382499A
CN1382499A CN01139685A CN01139685A CN1382499A CN 1382499 A CN1382499 A CN 1382499A CN 01139685 A CN01139685 A CN 01139685A CN 01139685 A CN01139685 A CN 01139685A CN 1382499 A CN1382499 A CN 1382499A
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conduit
cavity catheter
thermoplastic
catheter
arrangement
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格雷戈里·S·凯利
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InterVentional Technologies Inc
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InterVentional Technologies Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M29/00—Dilators with or without means for introducing media, e.g. remedies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/003—Protecting areas of the parts to be joined from overheating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5227—Joining tubular articles for forming multi-tubular articles by longitudinally joining elementary tubular articles wall-to-wall (e.g. joining the wall of a first tubular article to the wall of a second tubular article) or for forming multilayer tubular articles
    • B29C66/52271—Joining tubular articles for forming multi-tubular articles by longitudinally joining elementary tubular articles wall-to-wall (e.g. joining the wall of a first tubular article to the wall of a second tubular article) or for forming multilayer tubular articles one tubular article being placed inside the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0021—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
    • A61M25/0023—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing by the form of the lumen, e.g. cross-section, variable diameter
    • A61M25/0026—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements
    • A61M2025/0034—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements characterized by elements which are assembled, connected or fused, e.g. splittable tubes, outer sheaths creating lumina or separate cores
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0021—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
    • A61M25/0023—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing by the form of the lumen, e.g. cross-section, variable diameter
    • A61M25/0026—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements
    • A61M2025/004—Multi-lumen catheters with stationary elements characterized by lumina being arranged circumferentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0009—Making of catheters or other medical or surgical tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/60—Multitubular or multicompartmented articles, e.g. honeycomb
    • B29L2031/601—Multi-tubular articles, i.e. composed of a plurality of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/753—Medical equipment; Accessories therefor
    • B29L2031/7542—Catheters

Abstract

一种具有多根独立导管的多腔导管和制造此种多腔导管的方法。每根导管具有一个外表面、一个内表面和一个内腔。可以使用不同的材料制造导管。首先向每根导管的内腔中插入心轴以提供支持。然后在一种排列中使导管相互并排放置。重要的是,在排列中,一根导管的外表面与至少另一根导管的外表面接触。然后将排列好的导管固定在一个套管中并推进通过套管,然后推进通过一个加热烘筒以熔合导管的外表面。在每根导管的内腔中放置冷却装置以防止每根导管的内表面熔化。

Description

多腔导管
发明领域
概括来说，本发明涉及导管以及制造导管的方法。更具体地说，本发明涉及由多个独立的导管制成的多腔导管。本发明特别，但并不仅仅涉及具有小剖面的多腔导管
发明背景
在治疗病人的过程中，存在着多种需要使用多腔导管的健康护理情况。例如，病人可能需要同时接受几种不同的药剂。如果有必要或需要，多腔导管可以同时向病人体内输入多种药剂，并且多腔导管中各个独立的腔能够防止药剂在输入病人体内的过程中相互发生反应。可能需要使用多腔导管的另一个例子是，当需要向病人体内输入药剂时，同时需要从病人体内抽取诸如血液的流体样品。
由于几种原因，无论何时需要介入治疗，通常最理想的做法是通过单一的穿刺位置对病人进行必要的治疗。使用多腔导管显然能够减少在病人身上多次穿刺的需要，并因此减少了病人的不适。
人们已经熟知几种类型的多腔导管。例如授予Cianci等人的题为“多腔导管”的发明的美国专利No.5,167,623公开了一种具有一个可弯曲的第一导管和一个置于第一导管内的可弯曲的双腔导管的多腔导管。另一个多腔导管的例子是授予Howes的题为“静脉导管装置”的发明的美国专利No.4,072,146，该专利公开了置于一个更大的导管中的三个独立的非同轴的圆形管。还有一个例子是一种具有一个单一导管的多腔导管，其中使用隔膜在单一导管内形成两个大的、基本上为椭圆形的内腔以及一个小的沿单一导管的内壁延伸的输液内腔。此种多腔导管在授予Mahurkar的题为“多腔导管”的发明的美国专利No.5,221,256中公开。
尽管在相关领域中已有多种多腔导管，但仍然存在着与这些类型的导管相关的几种常见问题。例如，关于多腔导管的一个典型问题是其尺寸问题。为了减少给病人带来的损伤，理想的做法是在病人身体上形成尽可能小的刺伤。因此，导管应具有尽可能小的横截面积。然而，有些多腔导管使用额外的材料将多个导管结合在一起，这就必然会增加横截面积。此种情况的一个例子是上文提到的公开在美国专利No.4,072,146中，具有置于一个更大导管中的三个独立的不同轴导管的多腔导管。因为使用了将三个导管结合在一起的更大的导管而使这种特殊的多腔导管的横截面积较大。
除具有大截面积问题外，多腔导管也可能存在关于可控性和可推进性的问题。例如，为了导引和移动导管通过体内盘旋和狭窄的通路，导管必须是可弯曲的。但同时，导管还必须具有足够的刚性，以使导管能够被推入通路中并到达远离导管进入病人身体的点的位置。可控性和可推进性的问题产生自制造多腔导管所使用的材料。问题的症结在于具有一种良好特性的材料通常是以牺牲另一种特性为代价。因此，仅由一种材料制成的多腔导管可能不足以实现所要求的全部功能。
根据上述情况，本发明的一个目的是提供一种具有小剖面的多腔导管以及制造此类导管的方法。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种具有多个独立的导管的多腔导管，其中的多个独立导管被熔合在一起以降低其横截剖面。本发明的又一个目的是提供一种带有可由不同的热塑性材料制成的导管的多腔导管，并且该多腔导管具有可变的长度以满足手术要求。本发明的再一个目的是提供一种制造相对简单、易于使用并相对节省成本的多腔导管。
优选实施方案概述
本发明涉及一种多腔导管及制造此类导管的方法。对于本发明，多腔导管包括多个独立的导管，每个导管具有一个外表面、一个内表面和一个内腔。按照本发明的设计，多个导管可以具有不定的长度以及不定的直径。重要的是，可以使用选定的热塑性材料制造每个导管并且可以使用不同的材料制造多种导管。同样重要的是，如果需要，也可以使用相同的材料制造导管。
在制造本发明导管的过程中，首先在每个导管的内腔中插入一个心轴，从而为导管提供支持。接着，将多个导管以所期望的共同延伸的排列方式相互并置排列。在排列中，一个导管的外表面与至少另一个导管的外表面相接触是重要的。然后将该排列置于一个套管中，该套管将导管固定在适当的位置并防止相互间的交叉或缠结。
在将导管相互熔合的过程中，首先将排列好的导管置于一个加热烘筒前。接着将套管中的多个导管同时推进通过套管，然后通过加热烘筒。当导管被推进通过加热烘筒时，导管的外表面在外表面相互接触的地方熔合在一起。结果，由于各个独立导管的外表面变成熔合导管的连续的外表面而发生了结构的变化。
在任何情况下，当导管被推进加热烘筒中时，套管继续将导管的剩余部分固定在适当的位置。然而，套管本身并不进入加热烘筒。通过这种方式，本发明的多个导管被持续推进通过加热烘筒，直至导管的全部长度被熔合。
如上文所述，每个导管可以由不同的材料制成。然而，每种热塑性材料彼此必须能够混溶。从另一个角度说，每种热塑性材料的熔点温度应在接近的范围内。这一点很重要，因为当被推进通过加热烘筒时每个导管的外表面必须熔化。
重要的是注意将导管熔合在一起的本发明方法取决于熔合温度、材料受热时间以及被熔合材料的体积和接触表面积。就所关心的温度而言，在高于导管所使用热塑性材料的最低熔点温度的一个基本恒定的温度下操作加热烘筒。另外，导管通过加热烘筒的速度将根据导管的尺寸和将熔合在一起的导管的数量而变化。例如，两个导管通过加热烘筒的速度很可能将高于三个导管通过的速度，因为两个导管比三个导管更快地发生熔合。无论如何，此时的目的是当加热烘筒将热量辐射到导管排列上时，使导管的外表面均匀地熔化。
重要的是，在制造多腔导管的过程中，只有导管的外表面熔化。与导管受热并彼此熔合的外表面不同，为维持导管的结构完整性，应维持导管内表面的材料温度低于其熔点。为防止导管的内表面熔化，应冷却每个导管的内表面。这可以通过心轴实现，心轴通常作为充分的散热器发挥作用。作为选择，也可以将空气或水吹入每个导管的心轴中以防止导管的内表面熔化。对于本发明，优选心轴是不锈钢的皮下注射管(hypo tube)。
正如同样是制造本发明的多腔导管的过程中所期望的，为了适当地实现特定的功能，导管可以包含一种由适于本目的的材料所制成的内衬。例如，使放射性药物渗透通过导管的特殊的衬里可能是需要的。在这种情况下，优选衬里由聚乙烯制成。但是，导管本身可以不与其衬里混溶。例如，当导管由使用商标HYTREL所销售的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯聚醚二醇制造时，导管的聚乙烯内衬可能不与其他导管的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯聚醚二醇熔合。此时，可能需要使用粘合层将内衬与导管的热塑性材料粘合在一起。优选适合本例子的粘合层由聚烯烃粘合剂，例如以商标PLEXAR PX380销售的材料制成。
附图的简单说明
根据附图并结合所附说明，能够最佳地理解关于本发明结构和操作的本发明的新特征以及本发明本身，其中相同的参考数字指相同的部件，其中：
图1是其上附有气囊的本发明多腔导管的俯视图；
图2是示出了插入导管中的心轴位置的示意性剖面图，其中的导管被固定在套管中；
图3是被推进通过加热烘筒的本发明导管的示意图；
图4是沿图3中的4-4线观察时，本发明多腔导管的横截面图；
图5是本发明的一个可选实施方案的俯视图；
图6是在导管被推进通过加热烘筒前，沿图3中的6-6线观察时，本发明的可选实施方案的横截面图。
对优选实施方案的说明
首先参考图1，示出了一个按照本发明的多腔导管，并在总体上标记为10。如图所示，多腔导管10有一个具有一个远端14和一个近端16的管状构件12。虽然存在使用本发明的多腔导管10的多种应用，但作为示例，图中仅示出了一种应用。此种应用在图1中示出，其中在管状部件12的近端16上连接一个流体源17，在接近管状部件12的远端14的位置连接一个气囊18。对于本发明的此项应用，优选气囊18由任何适当的血管成形术的气囊材料制成，例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯或聚氨酯。
不论本发明的特殊应用如何，如图2所示，多腔导管10的管状部件12包括多根独立的导管20。虽然图2示出了三根本发明的导管20a-c，但这仅是示例性的，因为根据特殊的需要，可以有更多或更少的导管20。
在任何情况下，每根导管20均具有一个外表面22、一个内表面24和一个具有直径28的内腔26。本发明的导管20被表示成具有基本上相同尺寸的直径28。这只是示例性的，因为每根导管20的直径尺寸和厚度可以变化。每根导管20也具有一个远端30、一个近端32和长度34，这可以清楚地在图5中看出。在图5中还可以清楚地看出，本发明的导管20a和20b也可以具有不定的长度34a和34b。正如本发明的设计，每根导管20可以由选定的热塑性材料制造。重要的是，可以使用不同的材料制造导管20。
在制造本发明多腔导管10的过程中，如图2所示，心轴36被首先插入到每根导管20的内腔26中。每根心轴36为其各自的导管20提供支持。在所需要的共同延伸的排列中，多根导管20相互并置。在排列中，导管20的外表面22相互接触是重要的。换句话说，一根导管20的外表面22与至少另一根导管20的外表面22接触。同样如图2所示，排列好的导管20被置于套管38中，套管38将多根导管20固定在适当的位置以防止它们相互交叉或缠结。
在使导管20相互熔合的过程中，如图3所示，套管38所固定的排列好的导管20被置于加热烘筒40前面。在多根导管20同时被推进通过套管38，并接着通过加热烘筒40时，套管38始终处于加热烘筒40的外面。当导管20被推进通过加热烘筒40时，导管20的外表面22在外表面22相互接触的地方熔合在一起。结果，由于各个独立的导管20的外表面22变成如图4所示熔合的导管20的连续的外表面22而发生了结构变化。在任何情况下，当导管20被推进加热烘筒40中时，套管38继续将导管20的剩余长度34固定在适当的位置，直至导管20的全部长度34均被熔合在一起。
按照预期，本发明将多根导管熔合在一起的方法依赖于时间、温度和体积。对于温度要求，有必要以高于导管20热塑性材料的最低熔点温度的基本恒定的温度操作加热烘筒。重要的是，为使热塑性材料在一个温度熔化，每根导管20的热塑性材料必须相互混溶。另外，为使导管20的外表面22均匀地熔化而使导管20通过加热烘筒40的速度将取决于将熔合在一起的导管20的数量。
如图4所示以及如上文所述，熔合的导管20的外表面22发生了结构变化。仍然如图4所示，由三根熔合导管20的外表面22产生了一个额外的内腔26。这只是示例性的，因为熔合导管20的结果可以因所选定的每根导管20的参数以及熔合在一起的导管20的数量而不同。
与相互熔合的导管20的外表面22不同，导管20的内表面24保持导管20的结构完整性是重要的。为做到这一点，可以在导管20的外表面22熔化前将一种冷却装置置于每根导管20中。优选冷却装置是心轴36，该心轴通常作为充分的散热器发挥作用。或者，优选心轴是不锈钢皮下注射器。如果使用皮下注射器，可以向每根导管20的每根心轴中吹入空气或水，以冷却导管20并防止导管20的内表面24熔化。图6表示本发明可供选择的一种实施方案，其中的一根导管20’带有一个内衬42。这仅是示例性的，因为根据特殊的需要，可以有更多的带有内衬42的导管20’。例如，可以使用聚乙烯制造本发明的内衬42。但是，聚乙烯内衬42可以不与导管20的热塑性材料混溶，优选导管20的材料为聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯聚醚二醇，例如使用商标HYTREL销售的材料。因此，导管20的聚乙烯内衬42可以不与导管20的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯聚醚二醇材料熔合。如果这样，如图6所示，使用一个粘接层44将内衬42与导管20的内表面24连接起来。重要的是，优选该粘接层44由聚烯烃粘合剂，例如使用商标PLEXARPX380销售的材料制成。
了解了上文对本发明的描述以后，应当注意到关于本发明的多腔导管10的制造，存在几个变量。如上文所述，只要每种热塑性材料可与至少另一种热塑性材料混溶，每根导管20就可以由不同的热塑性材料制成。第二，用于制造多腔导管10的每根导管20的厚度也可以变化。因此，由于每根导管20的厚度不同，为使导管20均匀地熔化，导管20被推进通过加热烘筒40的速度也会不同。最后，为防止导管20的内表面24熔化，每根导管的内腔26内的冷却温度也会因加热烘筒40的温度的不同而不同。
虽然在此所示并详细公开的特殊的多腔导管完全能够实现本说明书上文所述的目的并提供上述优点，应当理解的是，它仅是对本发明目前优选实施方案的说明并且除所附权利要求的描述外，并不想把本发明限定于在此所示的结构或设计的细节。

Claims (21)

1.一种制造多腔导管的方法，其包括下列步骤：
提供多根导管，每根所述的导管具有一个外表面、一个内表面和一个内腔；
向每根所述导管的所述内腔中插入一根心轴；
并排放置所述多根导管，使每根所述导管的所述外表面与至少另一根所述导管的所述外表面相互接触，以形成一种排列；
将所述排列固定在一根套管中；以及
将所述排列推进通过所述套管和一种加热装置，将所述导管的所述外表面在外表面相互接触的地方相互熔合。
2.权利要求1所述的方法，其中每根所述导管由一种热塑性材料制成并且其中一根所述导管的所述热塑性材料与至少另一根所述导管的所述热塑性材料不同。
3.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述加热装置是温度高于至少一根所述导管的熔点温度的加热烘筒。
4.权利要求1所述的方法，还包括在所述每根导管的所述内腔内提供冷却装置，以防止每根所述导管的所述内表面熔化的步骤，在所述排列被推进通过所述加热装置前提供所述的冷却装置。
5.权利要求4所述的方法，其中所述的冷却装置是所述的心轴。
6.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述心轴是中空的并且所述方法还包括以下步骤：向每根所述导管的所述心轴内吹入空气，以防止所述的各根导管的所述内表面熔化。
7.权利要求1所述的方法，其中每个所述导管具有一个长度并且其中一根所述导管的所述长度与至少另一根所述导管的所述长度不同。
8.权利要求1所述的方法，还包括下列步骤：
安装一个与至少一根所述导管的远端保持流体相通的气囊；以及
在至少一根所述导管的远端连接一个流体源，所述流体源与所述气囊保持流体相通。
9.权利要求1所述的方法，其中一根所述导管带有一个内衬，其中所述内衬通过一个粘接层粘合在所述导管的所述内表面。
10.一种多腔导管，其包括：
具有一个外表面的第一根导管；
具有一个外表面的第二根导管，第二根导管的所述外表面与第一根导管的所述外表面熔合在一起；以及
具有一个外表面的第三根导管，其中所述第三根导管的所述外表面与第一根导管的所述外表面和所述第二根导管的所述外表面熔合在一起，使所述第一根导管与所述第二根导管和所述第三根导管成为整体，形成所述多腔导管。
11.权利要求10所述的多腔导管，其还包括安装在所述多腔导管上的一个气囊，所述的气囊与至少一根所述导管保持流体相通。
12.权利要求10所述的多腔导管，其中每根所述导管具有一个长度，其中一根所述导管的所述长度与至少另一根所述导管的所述长度不同，并且其中的所述导管具有基本上相同的直径尺寸。
13.权利要求10所述的多腔导管，其中所述第一根导管具有一个内衬，所述内衬通过一个粘接层粘接在所述第一根导管上。
14.权利要求10所述的多腔导管，其中每根所述导管由一种热塑性材料制成，并且其中一根所述导管的所述热塑性材料与至少另一根所述导管的所述热塑性材料相同。
15.权利要求14所述的多腔导管，其中每种所述热塑性材料相互混溶。
16.一种制造多腔导管的方法，该方法包括下列步骤：
提供多根导管的排列，其中每根所述导管具有一个外表面、一个内表面和一个内腔，一根所述导管的所述外表面与至少另一根所述导管的所述外表面接触以形成所述排列，并且所述排列被固定在一个套管中；
在所述导管的每个内腔中插入一种支持装置；以及
推进所述排列通过所述套管及一种加热装置，以熔合所述导管的所述外表面。
17.权利要求16所述的方法，其中所述导管由可混溶的热塑性材料制成。
18.权利要求16所述的方法，其中所述加热装置是一个温度高于至少一根所述导管的熔点温度的加热烘筒。
19.权利要求16所述的方法，其还包括在所述导管的每个所述内腔中提供冷却装置，以防止每根所述导管的所述内表面熔化的步骤。
20.权利要求19所述的方法，其中所述冷却装置是一种心轴，该心轴维持一个冷却温度以防止每根所述导管的所述内表面熔化。
21.权利要求16所述的方法，其中每根所述导管具有一个长度，其中一根所述导管的所述长度与至少另一根所述导管的所述长度不同。
CN01139685A 2001-04-26 2001-12-06 多腔导管 Pending CN1382499A (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN105682725A (zh) * 2013-08-23 2016-06-15 波士顿科学国际有限公司 导管和导管轴
CN107666935A (zh) * 2015-05-29 2018-02-06 柯惠有限合伙公司 具有逐渐变小的外径的导管
CN107666935B (zh) * 2015-05-29 2021-01-05 柯惠有限合伙公司 具有逐渐变小的外径的导管
US11219740B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2022-01-11 Covidien Lp Catheter including tapering coil member
US11623067B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2023-04-11 Covidien Lp Catheter
CN106492326A (zh) * 2016-11-27 2017-03-15 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 一种新型可变腔道封口双腔医用导管和开口的方法
CN112118885A (zh) * 2018-04-16 2020-12-22 国立大学法人滋贺医科大学 活动式导管

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EP1252910B1 (en) 2007-09-12
JP4343478B2 (ja) 2009-10-14
DE60222316D1 (de) 2007-10-25
US6524302B2 (en) 2003-02-25
DE60222316T2 (de) 2008-06-19
AU9740501A (en) 2002-10-31
IL147936A0 (en) 2002-08-14
EP1252910A2 (en) 2002-10-30
US20020161327A1 (en) 2002-10-31
EP1252910A3 (en) 2003-03-26
ATE372804T1 (de) 2007-09-15
KR20020083424A (ko) 2002-11-02
JP2002331036A (ja) 2002-11-19
CA2381615A1 (en) 2002-10-26
BR0105923A (pt) 2003-01-14

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