CN1333467C - White LED - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN1333467C
CN1333467C CNB001190008A CN00119000A CN1333467C CN 1333467 C CN1333467 C CN 1333467C CN B001190008 A CNB001190008 A CN B001190008A CN 00119000 A CN00119000 A CN 00119000A CN 1333467 C CN1333467 C CN 1333467C
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layer
type
institute
constituent material
gallium nitride
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CNB001190008A
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CN1343013A (en
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许进恭
刘家呈
周铭俊
章绢明
李秉杰
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Epistar Corp
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Epistar Corp
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a white light emitting diode which comprises an insulating substrate formed by a sapphire, a gallium nitride long crystal layer, an n-type gallium nitride buffer layer, a p-type gallium nitride contact layer, a p-type aluminium nitride gallium limiting layer and an indium nitride gallium multiple quantum well light emitting layer. Each well is adulterated with zinc, an n-type aluminium nitride gallium limiting layer, an n-type gallium nitride contact layer and a tin indium oxide transparent conducting layer, wherein partial layers are removed by etching, and partial n-type gallium nitride contact layer is exposed to form an n-type Ni/Au front electrode in contact with the transparent conducting layer on the exposed part of the n-type gallium nitride contact layer. The sapphire is not conductive. The light emitting diode is etched on the p-type gallium nitride contact layer, and then, a p-type Ni/Au rear electrode is formed on the p-type gallium nitride contact layer.

Description

White light-emitting diode
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of light-emitting diode, relate in particular to a kind of white light-emitting diode.
Background technology
The application of light-emitting diode is rather extensive, for example, can be applicable to optical display, traffic sign, data storage device, communicator, lighting device and medical treatment device.Human potential demand amount maximum and most important person are white light-emitting diode in the light-emitting diode, if can reduce the production cost of white light-emitting diode, and increase its useful life, then might replace a large amount of white fluorescent fluorescent tube or the bulbs that use of the present mankind.
Modal on the market at present white light-emitting diode is to utilize a blue LED and fluorescent material combination to form, its principle is the blue-light excited fluorescent material that utilizes blue LED crystal grain to be launched, make the latter produce gold-tinted, make and mix original blue light and become white light.
The major defect of the white light-emitting diode of prior art is: life-span of 100,000 hours though blue LED crystal grain is had an appointment, but because only about 5,000 to 10,000 hours of the life-span of fluorescent material, so cause the bulk life time of this kind white light-emitting diode to shorten dramatically.
Another shortcoming of the white light-emitting diode of prior art be for owing to must make the combination of a blue LED and fluorescent material, thereby causes the fabrication schedule of complexity, and then causes high production cost.
The another shortcoming of the white light-emitting diode of prior art is owing to the necessary fluorescent material that uses, thereby produces the cost of fluorescent material.
Summary of the invention
Because aforementioned every shortcoming of the white light-emitting diode of prior art, a purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of white light-emitting diode, its single crystal grain itself can send white light, and need not to use any fluorescent material, so can avoid because of the short bad result who causes the white light-emitting diode bulk life time to shorten dramatically of the life-span of fluorescent material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of white light-emitting diode, wherein need not to use any fluorescent material, thus the fabrication schedule of white light-emitting diode can be simplified, and then reduce production costs.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of white light-emitting diode, wherein need not to use any fluorescent material, so can economize the cost except that fluorescent material.
For realizing described purpose, the invention provides a kind of white light-emitting diode and comprise: an InGaN luminescent layer, it has one first main surface and one second main surface; One p type limiting layer, this first main surface combination of itself and this InGaN luminescent layer; And a n type limiting layer, this second main surface combination of itself and this InGaN luminescent layer; It is characterized in that: this InGaN luminescent layer comprises In xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0.15≤x≤0.5, and the element of doping predetermined kind in this InGaN luminescent layer make this luminescent layer can send blue light and gold-tinted, and produce white light after mixing blue light and gold-tinted.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of white light-emitting diode to comprise: an InGaN luminous layer structure, and it has one first main surface and one second main surface; One p type limiting layer, this first main surface combination of itself and this InGaN luminescent layer; And a n type limiting layer, this second main surface combination of itself and this InGaN luminescent layer; It is characterized in that: this InGaN luminous layer structure comprises r indium gallium nitride quantum well and r+1 InGaN barrier layer, make each indium gallium nitride quantum well up and down two sides one InGaN barrier layer is all arranged, wherein, r 〉=1, each indium gallium nitride quantum well is by In eGa 1-eN constitutes, and each InGaN barrier layer is by In fGa 1-fN constitutes, and 0.15≤f<e≤0.5, and the element of doping predetermined kind in this each indium gallium nitride quantum well make this indium gallium nitride quantum well can send blue light and gold-tinted, and produces white light after mixing blue light and gold-tinted.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of white light-emitting diode to comprise: an insulating substrate; One crystal growth layer is formed on this insulating substrate; One n type resilient coating is formed on this crystal growth layer; One p type contact layer is formed on this resilient coating, and its surface is divided into first area and second area; One p type bond course is formed on this first area of this p type contact layer; One InGaN luminescent layer is formed on this p type limiting layer; One n type limiting layer is formed on this luminescent layer; One n type contact layer is formed on this n type limiting layer, and its surface is divided into first area and second area; One transparency conducting layer is formed on this first area of this n type contact layer; One n type electrode is formed on this second area of this n type contact layer; And a p type electrode, be formed on this second area of this p type contact layer; It is characterized in that: this InGaN luminescent layer comprises In xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0.15≤x≤0.5, and the element of doping predetermined kind in this InGaN luminescent layer make this InGaN luminescent layer can send blue light and gold-tinted, and produce white light after mixing blue light and gold-tinted.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of white light-emitting diode to comprise: an insulating substrate; One crystal growth layer is formed on this insulating substrate; One n type resilient coating is formed on this crystal growth layer; One p type contact layer is formed on this resilient coating, and its surface is divided into first area and second area; One p type bond course is formed on this first area of this p type contact layer; One InGaN luminous layer structure is formed on this p type limiting layer; One n type limiting layer is formed on this luminescent layer; One n type contact layer is formed on this n type limiting layer, and its surface is divided into first area and second area; One transparency conducting layer is formed on this first area of this n type contact layer; One n type electrode is formed on this second area of this n type contact layer; And a p type electrode, be formed on this second area of this p type contact layer; It is characterized in that: this InGaN luminous layer structure comprises r indium gallium nitride quantum well and r+1 InGaN barrier layer, make each indium gallium nitride quantum well up and down two sides one InGaN barrier layer is all arranged, wherein, r 〉=1, each indium gallium nitride quantum well is by In eGa 1-eN constitutes, and each InGaN barrier layer is by In fGa 1-fN constitutes, and 0.15≤f<e≤0.5, and the element of doping predetermined kind in this each indium gallium nitride quantum well make this indium gallium nitride quantum well can send blue light and gold-tinted, and produces white light after mixing blue light and gold-tinted.
Description of drawings
Referring now to accompanying drawing, describe a preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.
To be that an InGaN is semi-conductive can be with schematic diagram to Fig. 1, in order to principle of the present invention to be described; And
Fig. 2 is the generalized section according to the light emitting diode construction of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring now to each accompanying drawing, describe the present invention in detail.
With reference to Fig. 1, at InGaN (In xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0.15≤x≤0.5) in the made luminescent layer of semi-conducting material, when the free electron that energy state is in conduction band 1 transits in the hole that energy state is in valence band 2, will send blue light.If at this InGaN (In xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0≤x≤1) an amount of zinc that mixes in the semi-conducting material, the energy state in its hole that provides will be in zinc can be with 3, when free electron that energy state is in conduction band 1 transit to energy state be in zinc can be with 3 hole in the time, will send gold-tinted.Based on this principle, the blue light and the yellow light mix that are produced in the InGaN luminescent layer can produce white light.
According to the described principle of leading portion, according to the white light-emitting diode of a preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, comprise an insulating substrate 10 that forms by sapphire, be formed on the gallium nitride crystal growth layer 11 on the insulating substrate 10, be formed on the n type gallium nitride resilient coating 12 on the gallium nitride crystal growth layer 11, be formed on the p type gallium nitride contact layer 13 on the resilient coating 12, be formed at the p type aluminium gallium nitride alloy limiting layer 14 on the p type gallium nitride contact layer 13, be formed at the InGaN multiple quantum trap luminescent layer 15 on the p type aluminium gallium nitride alloy limiting layer 14, zinc mixes in each quantum well, be formed on the n type aluminium gallium nitride alloy limiting layer 16 on the luminescent layer 15, be formed at the n type gallium nitride contact layer 17 on the n type aluminium gallium nitride alloy limiting layer 16, be formed at the indium tin oxide transparent conductive layer 18 on the n type gallium nitride contact layer 17, wherein a part is removed with etching mode, make exposed portions serve n type gallium nitride contact layer 17, be formed on electrode 20 before the n type Ni/Au on this exposed portions serve of n type gallium nitride contact layer 17, and electrode 20 contacts with transparency conducting layer 18 before making, again because sapphire is non-conductive, so light-emitting diode suitably must be etched to p type gallium nitride contact layer 13, on p type gallium nitride contact layer 13, form a p type Ni/Au rear electrode 19 then.
The element of doping predetermined kind comprises a kind of material that is selected from zinc, cadmium, beryllium, lithium, mercury, silicon, carbon and the constituent material group of magnesium institute.
Those skilled in the art can understand easily, and insulating substrate 10 can comprise and is selected from sapphire, LiGaO 3, and LiAlO 3A kind of material in the constituent material group of institute; Crystal growth layer 11 can comprise and is selected from GaN, Al mGa 1-mN, wherein, 0≤m≤1, and In nGa 1-nN, wherein, 0≤n≤1, a kind of material in the constituent material group of institute; N type resilient coating 12 can be made by the GaN material; P type contact layer 13 can comprise a kind of material that is selected from GaN and the constituent material group of AlGaN institute; P type limiting layer 14 comprises Al xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0≤x≤1; InGaN multiple quantum trap luminescent layer 15 comprises r indium gallium nitride quantum well and r+1 InGaN barrier layer, make each indium gallium nitride quantum well up and down two sides one InGaN barrier layer is all arranged, wherein, r 〉=1, each indium gallium nitride quantum well is by In eGa 1-eN constitutes, and each InGaN barrier layer is by In fGa 1-fN constitutes, and 0≤f<e≤1; N type limiting layer 16 can comprise Al zGa 1-zN, wherein, 0≤z≤1; N type contact layer 17 can comprise a kind of material that is selected from GaN and the constituent material group of AlGaN institute; N type electrode 20 can comprise a kind of material that is selected from Au, Ni/Au, Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Cr/Au, Ta/Ti, Pt/Ni/Au, Mo/Au and the constituent material group of Co/Au institute; P type electrode 19 can comprise a kind of material that is selected from Au, Ni/Au, Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Cr/Au, Ta/Ti, Pt/Ni/Au, Mo/Au and the constituent material group of Co/Au institute.
By above explanation as can be known, according to white light-emitting diode of the present invention, its single crystal grain itself can send white light, and need not to use any fluorescent material, obviously can reach projects of the present invention.In fact, verified that it can reach projects of the present invention really.
The above only is that scope of the present invention is not limited to this preferred embodiment, and is all according to any change that the present invention did, and all belongs to the scope of claim of the present invention in order to a convenient explanation preferred embodiment of the present invention.For example, notion of the present invention can be used in electric conducting material (as carborundum SiC, gallium nitride GaN, GaAs GaAs etc.) or the light-emitting diode of light-proof material (as silicon Si, GaAs GaAs etc.) as substrate, and the InGaN multiple quantum trap luminescent layer 15 in this preferred embodiment can replace by single quantum well structure well known to those skilled in the art, or replaces with pure InGaN luminescent layer; With other elements such as magnesium or cadmium replacement zinc, also can reach similar effect; Again for example, save crystal growth layer 11 and n type gallium nitride resilient coating 12, obviously also do not break away from spirit of the present invention and scope.

Claims (12)

1. a white light-emitting diode comprises:
One InGaN luminescent layer, it has one first main surface and one second main surface;
One p type limiting layer, this first main surface combination of itself and this InGaN luminescent layer; And
One n type limiting layer, this second main surface combination of itself and this InGaN luminescent layer;
It is characterized in that: this InGaN luminescent layer comprises In xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0.15≤x≤0.5, and the element of doping predetermined kind in this InGaN luminescent layer make this luminescent layer can send blue light and gold-tinted, and produce white light after mixing blue light and gold-tinted.
2. according to the white light-emitting diode of claim 1, wherein the element of institute's doping predetermined kind comprises a kind of material that is selected from zinc, cadmium, beryllium, lithium, mercury, silicon, carbon and the constituent material group of magnesium institute.
3. according to the white light-emitting diode of claim 1, wherein the element of institute's doping predetermined kind is a zinc.
4. a white light-emitting diode comprises:
One InGaN luminous layer structure, it has one first main surface and one second main surface;
One p type limiting layer, this first main surface combination of itself and this InGaN luminescent layer; And
One n type limiting layer, this second main surface combination of itself and this InGaN luminescent layer;
It is characterized in that: this InGaN luminous layer structure comprises r indium gallium nitride quantum well and r+1 InGaN barrier layer, make each indium gallium nitride quantum well up and down two sides one InGaN barrier layer is all arranged, wherein, r 〉=1, each indium gallium nitride quantum well is by In eGa 1-eN constitutes, and each InGaN barrier layer is by In fGa 1-fN constitutes, and 0.15≤f<e≤0.5, and the element of doping predetermined kind in this each indium gallium nitride quantum well make this indium gallium nitride quantum well can send blue light and gold-tinted, and produces white light after mixing blue light and gold-tinted.
5. according to the white light-emitting diode of claim 4, wherein the element of institute's doping predetermined kind comprises a kind of material that is selected from zinc, cadmium, beryllium, lithium, mercury, silicon, carbon and the constituent material group of magnesium institute in this each indium gallium nitride quantum well.
6. according to the white light-emitting diode of claim 4, wherein the element of institute's doping predetermined kind is a zinc in this each indium gallium nitride quantum well.
7. white light-emitting diode comprises:
One insulating substrate;
One crystal growth layer is formed on this insulating substrate;
One n type resilient coating is formed on this crystal growth layer;
One p type contact layer is formed on this resilient coating, and its surface is divided into first area and second area;
One p type bond course is formed on this first area of this p type contact layer;
One InGaN luminescent layer is formed on this p type limiting layer;
One n type limiting layer is formed on this luminescent layer;
One n type contact layer is formed on this n type limiting layer, and its surface is divided into first area and second area;
One transparency conducting layer is formed on this first area of this n type contact layer;
One n type electrode is formed on this second area of this n type contact layer; And
One p type electrode is formed on this second area of this p type contact layer;
It is characterized in that: this InGaN luminescent layer comprises In xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0.15≤x≤0.5, and the element of doping predetermined kind in this InGaN luminescent layer make this InGaN luminescent layer can send blue light and gold-tinted, and produce white light after mixing blue light and gold-tinted.
8. according to the white light-emitting diode of claim 7, wherein this insulating substrate comprises and is selected from sapphire, LiGaO 3, and LiAlO 3A kind of material in the constituent material group of institute; This crystal growth layer comprises and is selected from GaN, Al mGa 1-mN, wherein, 0≤m≤1, and In nGa 1-nN, wherein, 0≤n≤1, a kind of material in the constituent material group of institute; This n type resilient coating is to be made by the GaN material; This p type contact layer comprises a kind of material that is selected from GaN and the constituent material group of AlGaN institute; This p type limiting layer comprises Al xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0≤x≤1; This n type limiting layer comprises Al zGa 1-zN, wherein, 0≤z≤1; This n type contact layer comprises a kind of material that is selected from GaN and the constituent material group of AlGaN institute; This transparency conducting layer comprises and is selected from tin indium oxide (In 2O 3: Sn), cadmium tin (Cd 2SnO 4), TiN, SnO 2: a kind of material in the constituent material group of Sb institute; This n type electrode comprises a kind of material that is selected from Au, Ni/Au, Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Cr/Au, Ta/Ti, Pt/Ni/Au, Mo/Au and the constituent material group of Co/Au institute; This p type electrode comprises a kind of material that is selected from Au, Ni/Au, Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Cr/Au, Ta/Ti, Pt/Ni/Au, Mo/Au and the constituent material group of Co/Au institute; The element of institute's doping predetermined kind comprises a kind of material that is selected from zinc, cadmium, beryllium, lithium, mercury, silicon, carbon and the constituent material group of magnesium institute in this InGaN luminescent layer.
9. according to the white light-emitting diode of claim 7, wherein this insulating substrate comprises and is selected from sapphire, LiGaO 3, and LiAlO 3A kind of material in the constituent material group of institute; This crystal growth layer comprises and is selected from GaN, Al mGa 1-mN, wherein, 0≤m≤1, and In nGa1-nN, wherein, 0≤n≤1, a kind of material in the constituent material group of institute; This n type resilient coating is to be made by the GaN material; This p type contact layer comprises a kind of material that is selected from GaN and the constituent material group of AlGaN institute; This p type limiting layer comprises Al xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0≤x≤1; This n type limiting layer comprises Al zGa 1-zN, wherein, 0≤z≤1; This n type contact layer comprises a kind of material that is selected from GaN and the constituent material group of AlGaN institute; This transparency conducting layer comprises and is selected from tin indium oxide (In 2O 3: Sn), cadmium tin (Cd 2SnO 4), TiN, SnO 2: a kind of material in the constituent material group of Sb institute; This n type electrode comprises a kind of material that is selected from Au, Ni/Au, Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Cr/Au, Ta/Ti, Pt/Ni/Au, Mo/Au and the constituent material group of Co/Au institute; This p type electrode comprises a kind of material that is selected from Au, Ni/Au, Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Cr/Au, Ta/Yi, Pt/Ni/Au, Mo/Au and the constituent material group of Co/Au institute; The element of institute's doping predetermined kind is a zinc in this InGaN luminescent layer.
10. white light-emitting diode comprises:
One insulating substrate;
One crystal growth layer is formed on this insulating substrate;
One n type resilient coating is formed on this crystal growth layer;
One p type contact layer is formed on this resilient coating, and its surface is divided into first area and second area;
One p type bond course is formed on this first area of this p type contact layer;
One InGaN luminous layer structure is formed on this p type limiting layer;
One n type limiting layer is formed on this luminescent layer;
One n type contact layer is formed on this n type limiting layer, and its surface is divided into first area and second area;
One transparency conducting layer is formed on this first area of this n type contact layer;
One n type electrode is formed on this second area of this n type contact layer; And
One p type electrode is formed on this second area of this p type contact layer;
It is characterized in that: this InGaN luminous layer structure comprises r indium gallium nitride quantum well and r+1 InGaN barrier layer, make each indium gallium nitride quantum well up and down two sides one InGaN barrier layer is all arranged, wherein, r 〉=1, each indium gallium nitride quantum well is by In eGa 1-eN constitutes, and each InGaN barrier layer is by In fGa 1-fN constitutes, and 0.15≤f<e≤0.5, and the element of doping predetermined kind in this each indium gallium nitride quantum well make this indium gallium nitride quantum well can send blue light and gold-tinted, and produces white light after mixing blue light and gold-tinted.
11. according to the white light-emitting diode of claim 10, wherein this insulating substrate comprises and is selected from sapphire, LiGaO 3, and LiAlO 3A kind of material in the constituent material group of institute; This crystal growth layer comprises and is selected from GaN, Al mGa 1-mN, wherein, 0≤m≤1, and In nGa 1-nN, wherein, 0≤n≤1, a kind of material in the constituent material group of institute; This n type resilient coating is to be made by the GaN material; This p type contact layer comprises a kind of material that is selected from GaN and the constituent material group of AlGaN institute; This p type limiting layer comprises Al xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0≤x≤1; This n type limiting layer comprises Al zGa 1-zN, wherein, 0≤z≤1; This n type contact layer comprises a kind of material that is selected from GaN and the constituent material group of AlGaN institute; This transparency conducting layer comprises and is selected from tin indium oxide (In 2O 3: Sn), cadmium tin (Cd 2SnO 4), TiN, SnO 2: a kind of material in the constituent material group of Sb institute; This n type electrode comprises a kind of material that is selected from Au, Ni/Au, Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Cr/Au, Ta/Ti, Pt/Ni/Au, Mo/Au and the constituent material group of Co/Au institute; This p type electrode comprises a kind of material that is selected from Au, Ni/Au, Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Cr/Au, Ta/Ti, Pt/Ni/Au, Mo/Au and the constituent material group of Co/Au institute; The element of institute's doping predetermined kind comprises a kind of material that is selected from zinc, cadmium, beryllium, lithium, mercury, silicon, carbon and the constituent material group of magnesium institute in this each indium gallium nitride quantum well.
12. according to the white light-emitting diode of claim 10, wherein this insulating substrate comprises and is selected from sapphire, LiGaO 3, and LiAlO 3A kind of material in the constituent material group of institute; This crystal growth layer comprises and is selected from GaN, Al mGa 1-mN, wherein, 0≤m≤1, and In nGa 1-nN, wherein, 0≤n≤1, a kind of material in the constituent material group of institute; This n type resilient coating is to be made by the GaN material; This p type contact layer comprises a kind of material that is selected from GaN and the constituent material group of AlGaN institute; This p type limiting layer comprises Al xGa 1-xN, wherein, 0≤x≤1; This n type limiting layer comprises Al zGa 1-zN, wherein, 0≤z≤1; This n type contact layer comprises a kind of material that is selected from GaN and the constituent material group of AlGaN institute; This transparency conducting layer comprises and is selected from tin indium oxide (In 2O 3: Sn), cadmium tin (Cd 2SnO 4), TiN, SnO 2: a kind of material in the constituent material group of Sb institute; This n type electrode comprises a kind of material that is selected from Au, Ni/Au, Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Cr/Au, Ta/Ti, Pt/Ni/Au, Mo/Au and the constituent material group of Co/Au institute; This p type electrode comprises a kind of material that is selected from Au, Ni/Au, Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Cr/Au, Ta/Ti, Pt/Ni/Au, Mo/Au and the constituent material group of Co/Au institute; The element of institute's doping predetermined kind is a zinc in this each indium gallium nitride quantum well.
CNB001190008A 2000-09-13 2000-09-13 White LED Expired - Lifetime CN1333467C (en)

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