CN1331356C - 若干访问时间的用户身份资料 - Google Patents

若干访问时间的用户身份资料 Download PDF

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CN1331356C
CN1331356C CNB998033820A CN99803382A CN1331356C CN 1331356 C CN1331356 C CN 1331356C CN B998033820 A CNB998033820 A CN B998033820A CN 99803382 A CN99803382 A CN 99803382A CN 1331356 C CN1331356 C CN 1331356C
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user
system controller
program
user identity
identity data
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CN1292977A (zh
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C·D·威廉斯
J·M·戈德施米德特－伊基
A·A·沙-纳扎洛夫
E·M·瓦茨
K·A·默雷
D·N·哈克森
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Abstract

一种用来根据用户与监视系统的交互作用(206)及优选的系统访问时间而自动地配置一个系统的方法及设备，根据监视到的用户与该系统的交互作用而刷新与该用户相应的用户身份资料。根据用户身份资料来识别用户优选的系统访问时间，该系统根据用户身份资料及用户优选的系统访问时间而自动地配置(208)。

Description

若干访问时间的用户身份资料
相关申请
这是1997年5月30日提交的题为“娱乐系统中用于自动确定及动态修改用户优选值的方法及设备”第08/866 707号申请的部分继续申请，该申请要求下列临时申请：Jean Goldschmidt、Earl Watts及Kathleen Lane 1996年6月6日提交“关于节目优选代理的说明”第06/019 351号临时申请；Jean Goldschmidt、Tong Shah、ChristopherWilliams及Kathleen Lane 1996年8月22日提交“关于电视收看情况的监视”第60/024 435号临时申请；1996年8月22日提交题为“对特殊用户改制其配置的娱乐系统”第60/024 436号临时申请；JeanGoldschmidt、Tony Shah、Christopher Williams及Kathleen Lane 1996年8月27日提交题为“电视个人化”第60/024 452号临时申请书；以及Jean Goldschmidt及Michael Watts 1996年6月26日提交题为“带有建议收看清单的改制的电视时间表”第60/020580号临时申请的优先权。上述每一份临时申请共同转让给加里弗尼亚州，SantaClara的Intel公司。
发明背景
1.发明领域
本发明涉及娱乐系统领域，特别是，涉及用来根据用户与监视系统的交互作用及优选的系统访问时间而自动地配置一个系统的方法及设备。
2.背景信息
近年来，在娱乐系统的领域里已经取得了大量的进展。例如，节目导引现已在全(美)国范围内很多电缆系统中流行开来。在一个实施例中，在电缆广播范围内在特定的频道上已提供了这些节目导引，以便提供下几个小时的节目信息。这些现有技术系统的较为先进者容许用户与节目导引相互作用，以便手动选择特定的节目进行记录或收看。
娱乐系统中某些进展的另一个例子是出现了家长控制，可以“锁住”那些可能不适合于某些家庭成员的频道或要求其提供口令。在音频设备、视频录/放设备等中，已取得了同等感人的进展。这些设备中的一些设备允许用户为了记录一个节目在已知有关该节目的适当信息(频道、日期、开始时间、结束时间、等等)的情况下，对于设备进行手动编程。另些现有系统允许用户手动地“增加”或“删掉”一些频道，由此产生优选的“频道冲浪”顺序。例如，用户为了在频道冲浪时从频道2直接转到频道5，可以删除频道3和4。然而，在这些系统中必须由用户手动编程频道冲浪顺序。如果下一个用户需要不同的顺序，则必须由该用户手动再编程。典型现有技术的娱乐系统不能按照用户与监视系统的相互作用(例如，用户收看的频道，在一天之内用户收看这些频道的时间)对娱乐系统进行自动的、动态的配置。而且，典型现有技术的娱乐系统不能根据系统被访问的时间(例如，下午5:00～下午8:00)来改变系统的配置；检出多个相应的时段，在该时段内一编程设备正在记录一信号源。识别没有被编程在相应于多个相应的时段的第一时段内记录该信号源的记录设备。催促用户是否希望在该第一时段内记录该信号源。
这样，存在着对于用来根据用户与监视系统的相互作用及优选的系统访问时间而自动地配置一系统的方法及设备的需要。
发明概述
按照本发明的宗旨，提供一种用来根据用户与监视系统的相互作用及优选的系统访问时间而自动地配置一系统的方法及设备。按照一个实施例，根据监视到的用户与该系统的相互作用而修改与该用户相应的用户身份资料。根据用户身份资料来识别用户优选的系统访问时间，该系统根据用户身份资料及用户优选的系统访问时间而自动地配置。
检出多个相应的时段，在该时段内一编程设备正在记录一信号源。识别没有被编程在相应于多个相应的时段的第一时段内记录该信号源的记录设备。催促用户是否希望在该第一时段内记录该信号源。
附图的简单描述
本发明将通过附图中所示的、但并非用作限制的典型实施例加以描述，图中相同的标号表示类似的元件，其中，
图1为示出构成可实施本发明的娱乐系统的一些元件的框图；
图2为示出按照本发明一个实施例的相应于用户优选值的动态改制系统工作参数中所遵循的步骤的流程图；
图3为示出按照本发明的一个实施例在确定多个系统用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用该系统中所遵循的步骤的流程图；
图4为示出按照本发明的一个实施例在识别可能是用户感兴趣的节目信息中所遵循的步骤的流程图；
图5为示出按照本发明的一个实施例在确定是否准确打破以前的记录习惯中所遵循的步骤的流程图；
图6为示出包括本发明一个实施例的宗旨的示范性计算机系统的框图；
图7为示出按照本发明一个实施例的软件元件的框图；
图8为示出按照本发明一个实施例的用户身份资料数据库；以及
图9为示出按照本发明一个实施例的节目数据库。
详细描述
为了提供对本发明的透彻了解，在以下的描述中，为了说明之用陈述了具体的数量、材料及配置。然而，对于熟悉本专业的人来说，不带具体细节也可以实施本发明。为了不扰乱本发明，省略或简化了那些在其它情况下周知的特点。而且，为了便于了解，把某些方法步骤作为独立的步骤作了描述，然而，不应该把这些独立描述的步骤理解为依赖于其性能而必然独立的安排。
现在，转到图1，该图提供示出可在其中实施本发明的典型娱乐系统的一个例子的系统元件的方框图。正如以下将要更详细地讨论的那样，在一个实施例中，系统100包括为了存储用户身份资料信息而配置的系统控制器104，该控制器104为系统100的每一个用户开发利用。此外，为了检索及存储可从种类繁多的信源获得的娱乐节目信息配置了系统控制器104。在系统100工作的期间内，系统控制器104通过至少对于娱乐系统多个用户的一个子集、至少到用户型的一个子集比较接收到的输入与当前的设定值来自动地确定系统的多个用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用该系统。确定了系统的多个用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用该系统之后，系统控制器104按照相应于被确定的娱乐系统用户的用户型的用户优选信息动态地配置系统100的工作参数，并且，为了增强用户在系统100上的享乐还提供节目/娱乐建议，以及许多附加特点的附加值。正如以下将更详细地讨论的那样，在一个实施例中，系统控制器104可以是包括了本发明主旨的计算机系统。在另一个实施例中，系统控制器104可以是具有所需处理能力并且包括了本发明主旨的“机顶”盒。还可以把系统控制器104称作为了集中娱乐系统及计算平台的世界以便实现以下将更详细地讨论的有利结果而设计的“会聚系统”，而与特定的实施例无关。
虽然从图中所提出的典型实施例的角度描述了本发明，但是，那些熟悉本专业的人根据下列描述将意识到本发明并不局限于这些实施例，而且可以各种变更的实施例来实施。因此，在其复杂性比图1中所描绘系统的复杂性或大或小的系统中可实施本发明的独创特点。
如所示那样，图1仅仅示出包括了本发明主旨的娱乐系统的一个例子。在所示出的实施例中，系统100包括电视机/监视器102、视频记录/重放设备106、DVD记录/重放设备114(当前，把DVD用作数字视盘及数字通用盘的缩写词，以反映DVD技术用于数据而不是用于电视的能力)、音频/视频调谐器及放大器110、音频重放/记录设备122以及CD唱机112，把全部设备连接到公共输入/输出(I/O)总线108上。可以意识到，使用公共I/O总线108只是为了在图中易于说明，还可以意识到，可以有利地采用另外一些确定输入及输出信号路线的方法。例如，可以把音频输入及输出路线确定为使用适当条件的独立音频“软”电缆，可以把视频信号的路线定为使用独立的同轴电缆，可以把控制信号的路线定为沿着双线串行线，或通过红外(IR)通信信号或射频(RF)通信信号。
此外，系统100包括扬声器系统116、话筒118、摄像机120及无线输入/输出控制设备132。在一个实施例中，无线I/O控制设备132是通过IR信号与系统100的元件进行通信的娱乐系统遥控单元。在另一个实施例中，无线I/O控制设备132可以是通过IR信号或RF信号与系统100的元件进行通信的无线键盘及游标定位设备。在又一个实施例中，无线I/O控制设备132可以是带有允许用户在系统100的显示器上定位游标的跟踪球附加特点的、在外观上类似于一般娱乐系统的遥控器。
系统的核心是系统控制器104，它包括本发明的特点，是为了控制与系统元件有关的种类繁多的特性而配置的。如所描绘的那样，根据需要通过I/O总线108把控制器104连接到每一个系统元件上。在一个实施例中，可以给系统控制器104配置能够通过IR信号或RF信号108′与系统元件进行通信的无线通信发射机(或收发两用机)附加到I/O总线108上或者代替I/O总线108。尽管当然可以利用无线I/O设备132单独地控制系统100的娱乐系统的每一个元件，但是，为了控制这每一个元件配置了系统控制器104而与控制媒介无关。
如图1中所示，为了接收来自种类繁多的源的节目输入，可以配置系统100。例如，在一个实施例中，系统100接收来自下列源中的任一个或全部的节目输入：有线广播124、卫星广播126(例如，通过卫星抛物面接收天线)、广播网134(例如，通过架空天线)的甚高频(VHF)或超高频(UHF)射频通信、和/或电话/计算机网的接口128。那些熟悉本专业的人将意识到，可以把每一个源调谐到不同的频道、不同的台、不同的号码、等等。那些熟悉本专业的人还将意识到，有线广播输入124、卫星广播输入126及VHF/UHF输入134可有利地接收来自数字广播节目及数字电缆节目的输入。
除了节目输入之外，还可以对系统100配置一些一般用途的控制输出端130，为了控制任意数目的设备可以配置该输出端130。例如，在一个实施例中，当系统控制器104配置系统100以显示电影时，控制器104还可以使室内照明暗到预定的水平以进一步增强收看环境。允许计算机系统控制例如照明。恒温设定值及其它家用设备的控制电路在本专业中是周知的，因此，将不进一步描述。在另一个实施例中，系统控制器104分析节目内容，并配置系统100以便取得节目的全部优点。例如，如果电视显示是在环绕声中的广播，则系统控制器104确定在环绕声中提供该节目，并配置系统100以便在环绕声中显示该电视显示。如果下一个在网上演播的显示不是在环绕声中的广播，则系统控制器104确定这一情况，并配置系统100以便适当地在立体声或单声道中显示该电视显示。
除了包括本发明的主旨(以下，将更全面地进行描述)之外，打算让系统控制器104表示在本专业中已知的种类广泛的计算机系统。这样的计算机系统之一例是装备着例如由加利弗尼亚州Santa Clara的Intel公司制造，一般可从该公司买到的Pentium处理器、Pentium专业处理器、或PentiumII处理器，或由马萨诸塞州Manard的数字设备公司制造的Alpha处理器的高性能微处理器的台式计算机系统；一些用来接收、数字化及压缩音频和视频信号的音频和视频输入和输出外围设备/接口在本专业中也是已知的。可以意识到，系统控制器104的外壳尺寸及设计是可以改变的，这允许将其较好地、直观地安装到系统100中。
还可以意识到，可以把图1中描绘的几个娱乐系统的元件有益地组合起来。例如，可以把系统控制器104集中到电视机/监视器102、DVD114、或音频/视频调谐器及放大器110内。
现在，转到图2-图4，示出了说明本发明的方法和步骤之一实施例的流程图，这些方法和步骤用来自动地确定多个用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用该系统，并且按照用户身份资料的用户优选信息自动地配置该系统。为了易于说明，但不是限制因素，将从示范性实现的角度来开发图2-图4，其中，在步骤202中，用户首先开始使用系统100。可以意识到，系统100提供一些可用以触发系统100的其它方法。在一个实施例中，用户为了开始收看电视机102而简单地使用无线I/O设备132。在一个实施例中，用户正在通过系统控制器104及连接到电话/网络通信I/O 128上的调制解调器(未图示)“冲浪”Internet网。在步骤204中，系统控制器104确定已知系统的多个用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用系统100，而与用户用以触发系统100的方法无关。以下，将更全面地描述系统控制器104用以确定多个用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用系统100的方法。
在步骤204中确定了多个用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用系统100之后，在步骤206中系统控制器104按照在相应于被识别用户的用户身份资料中找到的用户优选信息动态地配置系统100的系统配置设定值。正如以下更详细地描述的那样，这项配置根据用户的优选的系统访问时间。即，当用户优选使用该系统或者该系统已代表用户执行某一操作例如记录某一节目时。
参考图8，这里描绘的是用户身份资料数据库800之一例。在图8示出的实施例中，用户身份资料数据库800包含与系统100中所支持的每一种不同媒介有关的信息(用户优选信息)。例如，在图8示出的实施例中，用户身份资料数据库800包括与电视机/监视器、个人计算机及音频元件相关的用户优选信息。正如所描绘的那样，用户身份资料数据库800对于电视机/监视器102跟踪用户优选的频道、音量、节目种类信息、是否锁住内容的信息、以及是否要求补充特定频道的节目。在示出的实施例中，例如，用户身份资料数据库800包括对于虚构用户Joe的身份资料。如示出的那样，用户Joe喜爱的电视频道为频道2，他喜欢以中等音量收看该频道，他喜欢收看运动类型的节目，不要求封锁，也不要求任何补充节目。关于频道7，Joe喜欢以低音量收看在这一频道上可以得到的电影，他希望封锁暴力电影。关于频道11，Joe喜欢以中等音量收看这个台的新闻报道，不需要封锁，Joe希望在电视机/监示器上显示一个“窗口”，使相关于股票报价的补充节目出现于窗口中。在一个实施例中，系统控制器104检索改制成Joe文件包的、具体的股票报价。在一种实现中，系统控制器104通过电话/网络接口128在Internet网上从预定的世界范围的网点上检索该具体的股票报价。在另一种实现中，系统控制器104检索来自广播网电视频道之一的一般股票报价信息。熟悉本专业的人将意识到，在一个实施例中可在系统控制器104中找到的存储媒介里从当地对用户身份资料数据库800进行存储，而在另一些实施例中可通过系统控制器104的很多个输入端口之一由系统控制器104遥远地对用户身份资料数据库800进行存储及访问。
作为附加的例子，用户身份资料数据库800包括指示用户Joe优选的计算机设定值的信息，该设定值包括优选的Internet网点的类型(例如，比赛、运动及金融)、以及优选的软件应用(例如，时钟和生日提醒应用)。用户身份资料数据库800还包括指示用户Joe优选的音频文件设定值，该设定值包括优选的广播电台及相应的音乐类型、以及优选的收听音量。此外，可以有利地利用用户型信息为系统100当前的用户制作广告。在一个实施例中，例如，作为形成为系统控制器104可以使用的信息可以把与存储在特定娱乐系统中的用户身份资料一致的种类广泛的广告段下行装入。因此，如果系统控制器104确定一名儿童正在使用娱乐系统100，则系统104可以把广告限定于麦片及玩具，而如果当前的用户为成年人，则系统控制器可以加强汽车及家用设备的广告。在另一个实施例中，系统控制器104可从以上识别的多个节目源的任一个源积极地积累对当前的系统用户特别有关或者特别感兴趣的新闻报道，以便开发出改制的新闻节目。
可以意识到，可以对范围广阔的可配置的选择值进行监视并将其存储在用户身份资料数据库800中。除了图8中示出的那些之外，可以存储在用户身份资料数据库800中的其它用户优选值包括：视频控制，例如清晰度，对比度及亮度，以及音频控制，例如环绕声处理类型(包括DolbyTM环绕声、DolbyTM数字式、DolbyTM环绕声专业逻辑、DolbyTM3立体声及THXTM)、各种环绕声处理模式(包括：声道数目及模块的声音环绕类型，例如，音乐厅、摇滚音乐会、电影院，等等)、立体声模式、单声道模式、闭路字幕通/断、以及优选的显示布局(例如窗口尺寸及位置)。还可以把其它优选值信息存储在用户身份资料数据库800中，其中包括最喜爱的10种显示、最常收看/收听的源、每个源的最常收看/收听的频道/台、一般的收看/收听期间、最喜爱的类型、最喜爱的广告、最喜爱的男女演员。例如，在一个实施例中，系统控制器104通过经验来识别哪些广告受到默认或哪些广告被中断(例如用户改变了频道)以确定用户喜爱哪些广告。在另一个实施例中，系统控制器104可通过从用户引出(例如，通过使用屏幕推荐)关于用户是否喜欢该广告、该广告的类型，等等来确定特定的用户优选哪些广告。在一个实施例中，把对音频及视频元件的这些可配置的选择值存储在用户身份资料数据库800中，按照信号的媒介源(例如卫星广播)来引用。作为一个例子，用户优选的视频及音频设定值可根据信号源而不同，例如对于一个音频电台环绕声处理模式的选择值为“音乐厅”，对于第2个音频电台则为“摇滚音乐会”，对于一个卫星频道则为“电影院”。
在本发明的一个实施例中，用户身份资料数据库800还存储对每一个元件的缺省配置选择值。例如，把对于电视机/监视器102的特定的音量级、对比度设定值、亮度设定值，等等存储起来，在用户身份资料数据库800中没有存储不同的频道特定的优选值的情况下，系统控制器104使用上述那些值。作为另一个例子，把对于音频/视频调谐器及放大器110的特定的音量级及台设定值存储起来，在用户身份资料数据库800没有存储更具体的优选值的情况下系统控制器104使用上述那些值。
在本发明的一个实施例中，系统控制器104还提供显示在一预定的时间期间(例如，下两个小时、下一周、或下几周)内当前频道选择的电视时间表。如以下参考图9更详细地讨论的那样，所显示的当前节目安排可从节目数据库中得到。这种电视时间表的显示是一可配置的选择值，该值可根据用户的优选值从一个用户到另一个用户而改变。在一个实施例中，电视时间表只显示用户身份资料数据库800指示为当前用户收看的那些频道。此外，在一个实施例中，在电视时间表上各频道的顺序根据用户的优选值而改变。在这一实施例中，用户身份资料数据库800保持着用户收看每一个电视频道所花的时间记录。于是，当系统控制器104接收到收看电视时间表(例如，通过用户的遥控)的请求时，系统控制器104在表格中以从最常收看到最不常收看的顺序来显示各频道。在另一实施例中，电视时间表根据在显示的时间期间内可得到的节目类型而在其中显示各频道。例如，频道2可能是用户Joe的喜爱的频道，但是，如果频道8正在播出足球比赛而频道2正在播出关于编织品的历史记录影片(在用户Joe的类型优选值清单上，并不高)，则系统控制器104将在显示频道2之前显示频道8。
按照本发明的另一实施例，电视时间表只根据用户的优选的系统访问时间来显示在一天的特定时间期间内可以得到的节目选择值。这一时间期间是由系统控制器104根据用户身份资料数据库800识别的时间期间，在该期间内用户最常收看电视。例如，用户可能一般只在下午6点与下午9点之间收看电视。这样，在这一实施例中，本发明将只显示在下午6点到下午9点的时间期间内可以得到的节目选择值，即使是在上午10点显示出该时间表。
在本发明的一个实施例中，可以通过电视时间表进行各种节目的选择。在这一实施例中，用户可以这样来选择该表的特定部分，通过跨过该表把游标移动到该表中包括要选择的节目标题的单元内，然后，当游标在该单元范围内时“点击”该鼠标按钮。然后，系统控制器104问用户要收看还是要记录所选择的节目，并根据用户的要求显示或记录该节目。
返回到图2的示范性实例中，平行于在步骤206中配置系统100的系统配置，在步骤210中系统控制器104继续监视用户与系统100的交互作用，以便修改和清理存储在用户身份资料数据库800中的用户优选信息。系统控制器104特别监视并记录娱乐系统接收的每一项用户输入(例如，音量、彩色、补充节目、记录在特定网页上的时间，等等)，修改在用户身份资料的适当记录中找到的用户优选信息。
可以意识到，为了精确地监视和记录用户输入，必须使系统控制器104知道用户的输入。在一个实施例中，把输入信号(例如，改变频道/台、改变音量、输入网页地址、输入设备编程，等等)通过系统控制器104输入到系统100，这本身促进控制信号到各适当元件去执行所需的功能。在另一个实施例中，可以把输入直接提供给系统100的不同元件而不经过系统控制器104。在这一实施例中，系统控制器104可从那些识别用户输入的不同的元件来接收控制信号。换句话说，在这一实施例中系统控制器104可被动地，例如通过无线I/O设备132来监视提供给系统100的各种元件的无线信号，以便识别用户的输入。
在步骤208中，一旦已按照在用户身份资料数据库800中找到的用户优选信息配置了系统100，则系统控制器104扫描在节目数据库中找到的节目信息，以便根据用户身份资料来识别可能是该用户特别感兴趣的节目。以下，将更详细地描述系统控制器104用以提供适当节目建议的方法。在一个实施例中，节目数据库是系统控制器104的一部分，通过经电话/网络通信128或经其它媒介例如分配软磁盘或CD-ROM、模拟视频信号的垂直消隐期间(VBI)、或相应于数字视频信号(例如，来自卫星系统)的其它数据流去访问远程服务器(未示出)来周期性地修改节目数据库。在另一个实施例中，把节目数据库设置在远程服务器(未示出)上，当需要时系统控制器104访问该远程服务器。图9中描绘了适用于本发明的节目数据库之一例。在图9示出的实施例中，节目数据库900提供相应于各种媒介(电缆、RF广播、卫星、音频节目，等等)节目信息、在每一种媒介中可以得到的频道、节目时隙、以及在每一时隙中节目的类型。于是，可根据需要得到对于一周(星期一～星期日)的每一天和对于一个月的每一天(1-31日)的节目信息。为了易于说明起见，把节目数据库900描绘为三维阵列，然而，可以用种类繁多的传统数据结构之任一种来实现节目数据库900。
可以意识到，对于各种频道还可在节目数据库900中存储附加信息(未示出)。这种附加信息包括：节目的长度、节目的描述/概要、男/女演员、导演、第1次播出或发表的日期、节目的类型、频道呼叫信号、规格、评论、等等。
现在，返回到图2，在步骤208中在已经根据需要提供了节目建议之后，在步骤220中一直到系统控制器104检出了新用户之前，系统控制器104继续监视用户与系统100的相互作用。在示出的实施例中一直到把系统100关断之前，系统控制器104继续监视用户与系统100的相互作用，并确定是否检出了新用户。
图3示出系统控制器104在按照本发明的一个实施例确定多个系统用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用系统100中所遵循的步骤。图3按照本发明的一个实施例更详细地特别示出图2的步骤204及220。正如所描绘的那样，该方法从在步骤302中系统控制器104监视用户与系统100的交互作用并检查当前的系统设定值开始。正如以下更详细地讨论的那样，这一被监视的用户信息被存储在情况日志中。在步骤304中，系统控制器104对于娱乐系统多个用户的至少一个子集，把情况日志中所包括的信息及当前系统设定值、与用户优选值信息加以比较。在一个实施例中，多个用户身份资料被存储在当地即在系统100中，为了确定哪一个用户正在使用该娱乐系统，利用全部的用户身份资料。在另一个实施例中，系统控制器104可以把对于多个娱乐系统用户的第1个子集的用户优选值信息的一选择子集装入到一存储器中，如果没有找到一致则装入来自多个娱乐系统用户身份资料的后继子集的用户优选值信息的子集，一直到找到了一致。关于已知系统用户的可以得到的信息被包括在用户身份资料数据库(例如用户身份资料数据库800)中，该用户身份资料数据库可归属于当地的系统100范围内，也可归属于远程存储上。在一种实现中，系统控制器104只利用自从系统控制器104上次被开通并且系统控制器104上次识别了特定用户之后已经存储到情况日志中的信息。在步骤306中，系统控制器104识别情况日志的信息是否与任一已知的系统用户的数据信息相一致。在一个实施例中，系统控制器104计算对于在情况日志中的信息和当前系统设定值的、以及对于每一个已知的系统用户的用户度量。如果该度量大于情况日志中的信息与已知用户之一的用户身份资料相一致的预定概率，则系统控制器104确定为一致已经形成了，在步骤308中按照用户身份资料数据库800的用户优选值信息来配置系统100。
在一个实施例中，该用户度量考虑到正如存储在用户身份资料数据库800中那样对于每一个用户可配置的选择值在系统100中的当前设定值，例如电视频道、当前音量设定值、当前音频台、节目类型，等等。可以意识到，为了识别某一信息例如节目类型，系统控制器104可能需要访问图9的节目数据库900，以便识别当前正在收看的电视频道为哪一个节目，从而识别该节目类型。在其它实施例中，这种补充信息可以作为IntercastTM信息在广播本身中提供，或者在VBI中，或者利用其它增强的电视数据机制来提供。
为了产生该度量，在本发明的一个实施例中对每一个可配置的选择值给予一个不同的预定权值，把各已加权的值加到一起。作为一个例子，可以对正在收看的电视频道给予比该频道的音量高的权值。把各已加权的值之和与一预定值比较，如果该和超过了该预定值，则系统控制器104认为找到了一致。在一个实施例中，预定的权值是动态的，这允许当选择值的持续时间保持不变时，改变对该特定选择值的权值。例如，如果正在收看的电视频道已经保持了好几分钟都没有被改变表明用户真是正在收看该频道，则该正在被收看的电视频道的权值可以高得多，而不是如果每经几秒钟就改变一个频道表明用户只是简单地“跳”过那些频道。也就是说，对不同的可配置的选择值所给予的权值通过时间由经验来确定，允许系统控制器104改善其能够迅速识别哪一个用户当前正在使用系统100的精度。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在步骤306中系统控制器104催促用户来核实一致。例如，系统控制器104可在电视机/监视器102上提供一个窗口，在窗口中显示可能是系统用户的一些图像，其中，所显示的第一个图像是系统控制器104已识别为最可能的系统用户的图像，要求用户当显示出其优选的图像时作出肯定的响应(例如，通过遥控或语言指令)；或者用另一种形式，系统控制器104可以提问题的形式提供声音催促，例如，“Joe，这是你优选的图像吗？”。如果该一致得到了精确的核实，则在步骤308中系统控制器104着手配置该系统。否则，系统控制器104返回到步骤302继续监视用户与系统的相互作用。
在本发明的一个实施例中，系统控制器104允许用户利用具体的用户优选值开始“训练”该系统。这种训练允许用户开始选择其某些或全部优选值。在一种实现中，这种训练通过直接输入具体的选择值例如，优选的频道，音量设定值、节目类型，等等来进行。在另一种实现中，间接地进行该系统的训练，通过在屏幕上询问，要求用户从节目类型(科学小说、运动、纪录片，等等)的清单中选择用户喜欢收看的节目。然后，系统控制器104把对于该询问的响应变换成为系统100中可以利用的不同的配置选择值。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在步骤304中找到用户一致之前，系统控制器104使用已编程的缺省设定值。在另一实施例中，在找到用户一致之前，系统控制器104使用存储在用户身份资料数据库800中的“保守的”(例如，低的音量设定值，只显示不封锁的电视频道，等)用户优选的选择值。例如，如果选择对一个用户而不对其它用户锁住几个频道的家长控制，则在找到用户一致之前系统控制器104把家长控制用作缺省优选值。
在本发明的另一些实施例中，可有利地采用不是以上所描述的、不同的机制来识别系统100的当前用户。例如，在一个实施例中，系统100的用户使用系统100的话筒来讲话(例如，为了激励系统100)。系统控制器104把来自该用户的音频输入与预先存储的来自多个可能用户的音频取样加以比较并识别预先存储的取样的哪一个取样是最接近于该音频输入的，以识别该用户。合适的音频识别软件的一个例子是SpeakKey，这种软件通常可从印第安纳州Fort Wayue的ITT公司买到。另一个合适的音频识别开发软件是Speech Print ID.，这种软件通常可从得克萨斯州Dallas的Voice Print System公司买到。在另一个不同的实施例中，使用一个或一个以上的系统100的摄像机来扫描系统100的用户的视频图像。系统控制器104把已扫描的用户的图像与预先存储的多个可能用户的视频扫描加以比较并识别预先扫描的图像的哪一个图像是最接近于该当前用户的已扫描图像，以识别该用户。合适的视频识别软件的一个例子是True Face Cyber Watch，这种软件通常可从马萨诸塞州Wellesley的Miros公司买到。
确定了多个娱乐系统用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用系统100之后，在图2的步骤208中，在一个实施例中，系统控制器104对该用户提供一些是接近于与特定用户的用户身份资料对准了的节目建议。图4示出按照本发明的一个实施例系统控制器104为了识别可能是用户特别感兴趣的节目所遵循的方法和步骤。在步骤400中，系统控制器104首先访问节目数据库来搜索与用户身份资料优选值一致的关键字。也就是说，按照本发明的宗旨，系统控制器104访问节目数据库例如节目数据库900，并通过可以得到的节目信息来搜索例如与当前用户的用户身份资料中所包含的类型信息一致的关键字。在图4示出的实施例中，在访问了节目数据库900之后，系统控制器104根据可以得到的节目信息来确定其节目类型的用户优选值与在用户身份资料数据库800中找到的优选值一致的全部节目。例如，如果根据其用户身份资料用户Joe表现为一名对密执安大学足球队的球迷，则系统控制器104通过节目数据库900来搜索密执安大学的足球比赛。如果没有找到，则系统控制器104可优选缺省值、即一般体育比赛项目。
在步骤400中产生了节目建议的清单之后，在步骤402中系统控制器104在相互作用的突然跳出的窗口中以节目建议的清单来催促该系统用户。在步骤404中，用户可通过例如无线I/O设备132来选择被建议的节目选择值之一，或者决定放弃该建议并在当前频道上继续收看节目。如果用户在步骤404中选择了在相互作用的突然跳出的窗口中的建议之一，则在步骤406中系统控制器104按照该用户型来配置系统100，以允许该用户收看所选择的节目。
在本发明的一个实施例中，用户身份资料数据库800还包括用于用户定义的请求的存储器。系统控制器104考虑到单独的用户输入特殊建议的请求。这些请求可以是对于展示/电影的具体标题或关键字，该请求可包括通配符(例如，在标题中带有“星”的任何展示)，也可以是否定的(例如，在标题中没有带“星”的展示)。在得到了特殊的搜索请求之后，系统控制器104每当接收到已修改的节目信息时(正如以上所讨论的那样，通过在线业务、软磁盘，等等)就搜索节目信息，并在步骤402中以所找到的节目信息来催促该用户。可是，该用户就能够选择收看和/或记录该节目。
然而，如果在步骤404中该用户决定放弃被建议的节目，则系统控制器104在步骤408中可催促该用户选择记录被建议的节目之一。如果该用户选择记录节目建议之一，则系统控制器104对任一种可得到的记录媒介配置系统100以记录该节目选择值。例如，在一个实施例中，系统控制器104可以把为了在视频磁带上记录该节目所需的信息(日期、频道、开始时间、结束时间，等等)配置给视频记录/重放设备106。在另一实施例中，系统控制器104可以把节目选择值记录在是系统控制器104本身的一部分(例如，见下述图6)的大容量存储器上。然而，如果该用户决定放弃在步骤410中提出的记录任一节目的建议，则系统控制器按照图2简单地继续监视并修改用户优选值。虽然是以电视广播的角度出现的，但是，一个熟悉本专业的人将意识到，上述同样可应用于早些时候所描述的多种节目输入的每一种。
在本发明的一个实施例中，每当检出新用户时系统控制器104都重复图4各步骤，由此，正如以上参考图2所讨论的那样，把当前的节目建议提供给该新用户。此外，在本发明的一个实施例中，系统控制器104还周期性地重复图4的各步骤。这允许把新建议提供给该用户。在另一实施例中，系统控制器104可完全在事先(例如，几天或几周)以用来发表为了记录该节目的提醒推荐或者为了放弃对该节目的进一步推荐的选择值而对用户提供节目建议。在另一实施例中，系统控制器104可自动地提供为当前用户的用户身份资料特制的一种定制的节目导引，而不是等待来自该用户的推荐。
在一个实施例中，在确定了多个娱乐系统用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用系统100之后，系统控制器104确定是否很快就要打破以前的节目记录习惯。图5示出为了确定是否准确打破以前的记录习惯，系统控制器104所遵循的方法和步骤。
在执行图5的步骤中，系统控制器104依赖于存在着用户的节目记录习惯的记录。在示出的实施例中，这一记录保持在例如以下将更详细地讨论的图7的情况日志724的情况日志中。每当用户从节目源进行记录、或者编程记录设备以便将来从节目源进行记录时，系统控制器104都与节目源一起来修改情况日志，节目源所调谐的频道、时间及记录的持续时间。系统控制器104还依赖于当前被编程的记录清单。在所示的实施例中，系统控制器104通过在情况日志中搜索用来指示记录时间比当前时间晚多久的记录入口，根据该日志来产生当前被编程的记录清单。换句话说，可以与情况日志分开保存可编程的记录清单，或者可由记录设备本身把该清单提供给系统控制器104。
在步骤505中，当已经记录了源频道时，系统控制器104首先搜索情况日志以便识别时间期间。在示出的实施例中，系统控制器104识别每一个时间期间、以及用户在以前的时间期间内已由其记录了节目的相应源及频道。在一个实施例中，这一以前的期间是当前时间之前三个月。然而，另一些实施例可采用更长或更短的以前期间。
然后，在步骤510中，系统控制器104识别相应于每一个源频道的记录情况的结构。为了识别种类繁多的任一种结构可以把系统控制器104编程，例如在紧接在以前的日子里每天至少几次(例如，两次)记录特定频道的同一时间期间(例如，下午1:30～下午2:00，或上午6:00～上午7:00)。或者，以另一种方式在紧接在以前的Y天当中的每X天(例如，5天当中的3天)记录同一时间期间。或者，以另一种方式记录每周的同一时段(例如，每星期天的下午7:00～下午8:00)。应该意识到，在本发明精神及范围内还可得出其它种类繁多的结构。
一旦识别了结构，在步骤515中系统控制器104就把被识别的结构与当前被编程的记录清单加以比较，并在步骤520中检查是否有准备打破的被识别的结构。如果在指示按照该结构将要进行记录的下一个逻辑记录时间的记录清单中没有入口，则是准备打破该结构。这样，如果指示特定的频道每天一段在下午5:00～下午5:30记录的结构在记录清单中没有指示明天下午5:00～下午5:30将记录该频道，则可能准备打破该结构。系统控制器104将以预定的时间期间进行未来调查，以便确定是否准备打破该结构。这一时间期间可以是一天、一周、一个月等等。在一种实现中，该未来调查的时间期间取决于结构本身。例如，对于指示每天记录的结构，系统控制器104的未来调查可为两天，对于指示每周记录的结构，其未来调查可为一周。
如果没有可能准备打破的结构，则那时系统控制器104不采取进一步的行动。然而，如果有可能准备打破的结构，则在步骤525中系统控制器104在用户是否需要在该结构所指示的时间记录该频道方面催促该用户，或者，以另一种方式自动地把设备编程以便进行记录。系统控制器104还可以访问节目数据库，例如图7的数据库714以便识别在该结构所指示的时间真正将广播什么节目，因而，把节目的名称而不只是频道号提供给用户。在一种实现中，如果用户响应于该催促表示他(她)确实需要记录该节目，则系统控制器104对记录设备、例如视频记录/重放设备106进行编程。
在本发明的一个实施例中，每当检出新用户时系统控制器104就重复图5的步骤，由此，检查每一个新用户有无打破节目记录的习惯。此外，在本发明的一个实施例中，系统控制器104还定期或不定期地重复图5的步骤。
现在，转到图6，提供一个框图，该框图示出与本发明宗旨结合的一个示范性系统控制器。在一种实现中，可以把系统控制器600用作图1的系统控制器104，在该示出的实施例中，系统控制器600包括处理器602及超高速缓冲存储器604，把它们相互连接起来如图所示。此外，如图所示，系统控制器600包括高性能输入/输出(I/O)总线606及标准I/O总线608。主桥610把处理器602连接到高性能I/O总线606上，而I/O总线桥612把高性能I/O总线606连接到标准I/O总线608上。被连接到高性能I/O总线606上的是网络/通信接口624、系统存储器614、音频/视频接口板630及视频存储器616。把显示设备618本身连接到视频存储器616上。在一个实施例中，显示设备618是图1的电视机102。被连接到标准I/O总线608上的是大容量存储器620、键盘和指示设备622、以及I/O端口626。如图所示，把无线电通信接口628连接到I/O端口626上。在一个实施例中，无线通信接口628是IR收发信机，用来接收来自系统100的各元件的IR信号，并用来对系统100的各元件发送IR信号。在一个实施例中，无线通信接口628是RF收发信机，用来接收来自系统100的各元件的RF信号，并用来对系统100的各元件发送RF信号。
在系统控制器600的一个实施例中，利用串行通信接口电缆把键盘和指示设备连接到标准I/O总线608上，而在另一些实施例中，可利用红外(IR)接口或射频(RF)接口以通信联络方式将其连接起来。
继续参考图6，元件620-630执行其在本专业中已知的那些传统功能。特别是，网络/通信接口624用来提供在系统600与例如乙太网、令牌环、Internet网，等等的范围广阔传统网络的任一种之间的通信。同样，音频/视频接口板630用来接收来自例如RF广播、卫星广播、电缆广播，等等的范围广阔传统广播媒介之任一种的广播通信。大容量存储器620用来对于为了实现上述功能的数据及编程指令提供永久性存储，而系统存储器614用来对于当通过处理器602来执行时的数据及编程指令提供暂时存储。I/O端口626为一个或一个以上串行和/或并行通信端口，用来在可以连接到硬件系统600上的其它外围设备之间提供通信。总起来说，打算让所连接的系统控制器600的元件表示种类广泛的硬件系统，其中包括但不限定于一般可从加利弗尼亚Santa Clara的Intel公司买到的由“Pentium处理器、Pentium专业处理器、或PentiumII处理器构成的通用计算机系统。
应该意识到，可以重新安排系统控制器600的各种元件。例如，超高速缓冲存储器604可与处理器602一起装在芯片上。换句话说，可以把超高速缓冲存储器604与处理器602作为一“处理器模块”封装到一起，带有处理器602时称为“处理器核”。而且，在系统控制器600中可以不包括大容量存储器620、键盘和指示设备622、和/或显示设备618、以及视频存储器616。此外，在另一些实施例中，可以把所示连接到标准I/O总线608上的外围设备连接到高性能I/O总线606上；此外，在某些实现中，可能只存在单一总线，把系统控制器600的元件连接到该单一总线上。而且，在系统控制器600中可包括附加的元件，例如附加的处理器、存储装置、或存储器。
在一个实施例中，以上讨论的本发明的革新特点可作为一系列软件程序来实现，这些软件程序由图6的系统控制器600来运行。这些软件程序运行由处理器例如，系统控制器600中的处理器602来执行的多条或一系列指令，开始时，这一系列指令保存在存储设备例如，大容量存储器620上。应该意识到，这一系列指令可以存储在任一传统的存储设备例如，软磁盘、CD-ROM、磁带、DVD、激光盘、ROM、快速存储器，等等上。还应该意识到，不需要把这一系列指令存储到当地，可通过网络/通信接口624从远程存储设备例如，网络上的服务器接受。把该指令从存储设备例如大容量存储器620拷贝到系统存储器614中，然后，由处理器602访问、执行。在一个实施例中，这些软件程序以C++程序语言来编写。然而，应该意识到这些程序可以种类繁多的程序语言之任一种来实现。在另一些实施例中，可以离散的硬件或固件来实现本发明。例如，可以本发明的上述功能来编程一种专用集成电路(ASIC)。
图7为示出按照本发明一个实施例的软件元件的框图。特别示出了软件的体系结构700，包括系统控制器应用702、带有有关用户身份资料数据库716和节目信息数据库714的系统控制媒介704、以及带有有关驱动器的操作系统718。特别是，系统控制器应用702与系统控制媒介704接口，并对图1的系统控制器104提供用户接口。
系统控制媒介704包括用户检出模块706、建议模块708、使用监视器710、定制模块712、以及节目记录模块730。如图所示，系统控制媒介704连接到用户型数据库716、节目信息数据库714和情况日志724上，并能从这些设备获得信息。用户检出模块706执行确定多个系统用户的哪一个用户当前正在使用系统100的步骤，如上所述。建议模块708执行识别可能为一用户感兴趣的节目的步骤，如上所述。使用监视器710用来监视用户输入及当前的系统设定值，并把该信息记录在用户身份资料数据库716的记录中。定制模块712按照已被识别的用户的优选值来控制各种可配置选择值的设定值，如上所述。节目记录模块730执行识别记录情况的结构、催促用户或自动编程某些节目的步骤，如上所述。
情况日志724是用来记录详述系统100的使用的信息的存储器。在所示出的实施例中，系统控制媒介在情况日志724中对系统100的每一个元件保持下述的记录，适当地详述在每天的哪些时间期间内哪些用户收看/收听了哪个频道/哪个台。可以改变该时间期间的时间增量，合理的范围是长达5分钟。此外，在所示出的实施例中，系统控制媒介704访问节目数据库714以便在情况日志724中对一用户对被记录的每一时间期间来识别该用户收看/收听了哪个节目。在另一些实施例中，系统控制媒介704在情况日志724中还保持了附加信息。这一附加信息可以包括：如果有的话，观看了哪些IntercastTM数据；音量的改变，例如降低或静噪；记录了哪些节目；在哪些时间，记录了哪些节目源；系统控制器104建议了哪些节目，被建议的节目是否被收看了；访问了哪些网页，何时、访问了多久、哪些链路减少了哪些网页；等等。
此外，按照本发明的一个实施例，为了数据编译之用，系统控制媒介704周期性地对远程服务器发射情况日志的拷贝。在这一实施例中，系统控制媒介704可请求每一用户与情况日志一起发射人口统计信息，以便更好地分析在情况日志中包含的记录信息。
系统控制媒介704还接受事件输入流722，用来识别到系统100的各元件的用户输入。正如以上所讨论的那样，这些用户输入可由用户或系统100的元件直接加到系统控制媒介704上，或者，可从被用户发射到系统100的元件上的无线电信号间接地接收到。
基本输入/输出系统(BIOS)720在操作系统718与连接到硬件系统上的各种输入/输出(I/O)设备之间提供接口。操作系统718是在BIOS720、与系统控制媒介704及其它软件应用(如果有的话，由系统控制器104来执行)之间提供接口的软件业务。操作系统718在用户与系统控制器之间提供接口，例如图形用户接口(GUI)。按照本发明的一个实施例，操作系统718是可从华盛顿州Redmond的微软公司买到的WindowsTM95操作系统。然而，应该意识到，本发明可与其它任何传统的操作系统一起应用，例如可从纽约Armonk的国际商业机器公司买到的其它型号的Microsoft WindowsTM(例如WindowsTM3.0、WindowsTM3.1、WindowsTMNT、或WindowsTMCE、MicrosoftDOS、OS/2；可从加利弗尼亚州Cupertino的苹果计算机公司买到的Macintosh操作系统、可从苹果计算机公司买到的NexTSTEP操作系统；或者，可从加利弗尼亚州Santa Cruz和Santa Cruz操作公司买到的UNIX操作系统。
在以上的讨论中，在描述本发明的操作中给出了可配置的选择值的几个例子。应该意识到这些只是可与本发明一起应用的选择值之例，还应该意识到按照本发明能够自动地配置对图1的元件的范围广阔的选择值。
还有，在以上的讨论中，作了几种催促用户输入的参考，应该意识到另一些实施例可以不包括这些催促，还应该意识到图1的系统控制器104能够自动地执行各种功能而不催促。作为一个例子，如果系统控制器104识别了可能是特定用户感兴趣的特定节目，则系统控制器104可以记录该节目而不催促用户。
还应该意识到，虽然以上的讨论讨论了为当前的系统用户采取各种行动，但是，本发明还可以代表那些当前没有使用该系统的用户采取行动。作为一个例子，在一个实施例中，图1的系统控制器104识别了可能是某些用户(不是当前的用户)感兴趣节目便自动地记录该节目，接着，当已为其记录了那个节目的用户下一次正在使用系统100时，该用户可接到进行记录的通知。
在本发明的一个实施例中，用户可以观看及修正以上已讨论的各种自动配置的选择值。在这一实施例中，用户能够访问其在图8的用户身份资料数据库800上的优选值，并能加、减、和/或修正所记录的优选值。
这样，本发明根据用户与监视系统的相互作用及所优选的系统访问时间而自动地配置一系统。正如以上所讨论的那样，本发明有利地识别用户优选的系统访问时间并根据这些时间而自动地配置该系统。在一个实施例中，这一系统配置包括有利地识别那种准确打破的节目记录的结构，并通知该用户准确打破该结构，或者自动地记录该节目。
虽然已通过以上图示的实施例描述了本发明的方法和设备，但是，那些熟悉本专业的人将认识到本发明并不限定于这样描述的实施例。在附录的权利要求的精神与范围内，经过修改和变更可实践本发明。例如，虽然是作为分开的元件来描绘的，但是，可以把系统100的任一数量的元件包括到多用途设备(例如，电视机/监视器/盒式录像机/重放设备)中。而且，完全可以把系统控制器104结合到任何一个系统元件中，可以不是包括图6的全部元件，或者换句话说，可以包括附加的元件。因此，应该认为描述是说明性的，而不是对本发明的限制。
这样，已描述了用来根据用户与监视系统的相互作用和优选的系统访问时间而自动配置一个系统的方法和设备。

Claims (9)

1.一种方法，其特征在于包括步骤：
根据监视到的用户与系统的交互作用而刷新与该用户相应的用户身份资料；
根据用户身份资料来识别该用户优选的系统访问时间；
根据用户身份资料及该用户优选的系统访问时间而自动地配置该系统；
检出多个相应的时段，在该时段内一编程设备正在记录一信号源；
在与所述多个相应的时段对应的第一时段，识别未被编程对信号源进行记录的记录设备；以及
催促用户是否希望在该第一时段内记录该信号源。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的方法，其特征在于还包括：
提供指示用户可使用的电视观看选择值的观看导引；以及
其中，该自动地配置包括按照该用户身份资料在该观看导引中自动地出现该电视观看选择值。
3.根据权利要求2中所述的方法，其特征在于，该提供包括对该用户显示该观看导引。
4.根据权利要求1中所述的方法，其特征在于，该多个相应的时段的两个时段，包括连续两天中的同一时段。
5.根据权利要求1中所述的方法，其特征在于，该自动地配置包括提供指示电视观看选择值的观看导引，该选择值对一用户来说，只在用户身份资料指示为该用户有可能观看节目时的时段内才可以使用。
6.一种用于一系统的设备，其特征在于包括：
用户身份资料数据库，存储相应于一用户的系统使用的信息；
使用监视器，根据监视到的用户与该系统的交互作用而刷新该用户身份资料；
定制模块，根据用户身份资料来识别该用户优选的系统访问时间，并且根据用户身份资料及该用户优选的系统访问时间而自动地配置该系统；
记录模块，进行：
检出多个相应的时段，在该时段内一编程设备正在记录一信号源；
在与所述多个相应的时段对应的第一时段，识别未被编程对信号源进行记录的记录设备；以及
催促用户是否希望在该第一时段内记录该信号源。
7.根据权利要求6中所述的设备，其特征在于，该定制模块还提供指示用户可使用的电视观看选择值的观看导引，以及按照该用户身份资料在该观看导引中自动地出现该电视观看选择值。
8.根据权利要求6中所述的设备，其特征在于，该多个相应的时段的两个时段，包括连续两天中的同一时段。
9.根据权利要求6中所述的设备，其特征在于，该定制模块还提供指示电视观看选择值的观看导引，该选择值对一用户来说只在用户身份资料指示为该用户有可能观看节目时的时段内才可以使用。
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EP1046293A1 (en) 2000-10-25
CN1292977A (zh) 2001-04-25
JP4629066B2 (ja) 2011-02-09
EP1046293B1 (en) 2005-11-16
DE69928374D1 (de) 2005-12-22
US5977964A (en) 1999-11-02
JP2002503896A (ja) 2002-02-05
TW418588B (en) 2001-01-11
WO1999035846A1 (en) 1999-07-15
DE69928374T2 (de) 2006-07-13
EP1046293A4 (en) 2002-01-30

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