CN1325905C

CN1325905C - Oil liquid mass rapid analyzer

Info

Publication number: CN1325905C
Application number: CNB031343856A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡一军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-07-10
Filing date: 2003-07-10
Publication date: 2007-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 2023-07-10
Also published as: CN1566935A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fast oil liquid quality analyzer which is a lubricating oil quality detecting instrument. The present invention has the technological idea that an oscillator and a load (a switching circuit) together generate high-frequency sine wave electric current supplied to a sensor. The present invention is characterized in that an electric parameter output by the sensor is converted into a digital quantity by an analog / digital (A/D) converter, and the digital quantity is sent to a central processor; detecting results are displayed by an LCD display and an LED luminotron through the calculation of the central processor and a program memory; a sounding channel sends alarm information or feedback information to an operator; a printer prints the detecting results. Effective automatic adjusting technology is used in electronic circuits, and zero adjustment is set to be within a certain number range so that computer processing can be realized; consequently, the present invention has the advantages that errors caused by operation around a zero point can be eliminated, the stability and the testing precision are enhanced, convenient operation is provided, and high intelligent degree and multiple use functions are realized.

Description

The oil quality analyser

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of oil quality analyser, is a kind of instrument of lubricating oil quality testing.

Background technology

The instrument that is used for the lubricating oil quality testing at present mainly contains the NI-2B type oil quality analyser of U.S. north instrument and meter company production and YYF-I, II, III, the IV type oil quality analyser that scientific and technological development main office of Northwestern Polytechnical University produces.Though above-mentioned instrument can be tested apace in the pollution level with fluid, mainly form by signal source circuit, switch complementary circuit or push-pull power amplifier circuit, capacitor and inductor bridge circuit and output display circuit (indicator indication or liquid crystal digital display) owing to it is technical.So the function that can finish is limited.Also there is following defective simultaneously:

(1) stability and test accuracy are not good enough, have promptly surveyed when reexamining at 0 behind the dustiness of a sample oil at every turn, and 0 at 0 point, are not that to bear partially be exactly polarization, need transfer 0 once more after aptitude test, otherwise, the test error increase;

(2) 0 of adjustment difficulty relatively, existing instrument all are with 0 of trimmer adjustment, as long as electric capacity changes slightly, even the variation of 0.1PF just can cause more serious unbalance of electric bridge, so, manually transfer 0 very hard;

(3) moisture in can not quantitative response fluid;

(4) instrumental function is few, can not meet consumers' demand.Test result instrument itself is record automatically, must manually record with notes, makes mistakes easily, and inconvenience is filed, and is also lack of standardization;

(5) fail to provide the reference value of scrapping of more lubricating oil product, use to the user and bring a lot of inconvenience.

Summary of the invention

For avoiding the defective of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of single-chip microcomputer technology that adopted, measurement stability is higher, the more oil quality analyser of functions of use.Its advantage is:

1, owing in electronic circuit, adopted highly effective automatic adjustment technology, and will transfer 0 to be arranged in the certain numerical value scope, the looser scope that is fit to user's operation, hand over Computer Processing, to eliminate near the error that is caused because of operation 0, reached the effect that improves stability and measuring accuracy.

2, have very high intelligent and more functions of use, can accomplish: the oil product detection of codeization; The contamination level of oil liquid display blockization; Water and basis weightization in the test fluid; And printable record testing result.

3, operation is very easy, and the man-machine conversation function is more.As: can send caution sound during faulty operation, prompting is operation again; In computer run, when whenever finishing phased mission, information feedback is arranged, or the like.

Technological thought of the present invention is: oscillator produces high_frequency sine wave current supply sensor with load switching circuit, when bridge balance, and the no potential difference (PD) of electric bridge two ends output.After splashing into fluid in the electric capacity of electric bridge, variation has taken place in the medium in the capacitor, thereby the electric capacity that causes capacitor changes, and has destroyed the original equilibrium state of electric bridge.So electric bridge output two ends produce potential difference (PD), the current potential extent is directly related with the pollution level of tested fluid.It is characterized in that: the electric parameter of sensor output is converted to digital quantity, is given central processing unit by mould/number A/D converter; Computing through central processing unit and program storage shows its testing result by LCD display and LED luminotron; Send information warning or feedback information by the sound equipment passage to the operator; Go out testing result by printer prints.

Because electric bridge output is very faint original parameter signals, can't make one-chip computer work.Can be between sensor and single-chip microcomputer the connecting interface circuit, with the faint high frequency original signal of sensor output,, be DC voltage smoothly, and be amplified to certain amplitude, to satisfy the needs of computing machine through detection.Interface circuit 1 is by the operational amplifier chip IC ₃And biasing circuit: resistance R ₈, R ₉, R ₁₀, R ₁₁, R ₁₂, R ₁₄, potentiometer W ₄, capacitor C ₁₉Form, adjust chip IC ₃Biasing circuit: resistance R ₈, R ₉, R ₁₀, R ₁₁, R ₁₂, R ₁₄, potentiometer W ₄, make amplifier IC ₃The voltage of lead-out terminal 6 be 2.5 volts.

When terminal printer is mini-printer, an interface circuit of coordinating their work schedules is set: between central processing unit and mini-printer by latch IC ₁₇With delay circuit IC ₁₉Form delay circuit IC ₁₉Be in series by a NAND gate circuit F1 and three not circuit F2, F3, F4; Input data line is connected to printer.

Because surveying instrument exists 0 drift in various degree, promptly is to be transferred to 0 point, may cause 0 deviation because of the random variation of component parameter, thereby strengthen test error.4 of sensor bridge of the present invention arms are made of inductor L5, L6, capacitor C13+C14, C15+C16 for this reason, and transferring 0 circuit is that the potentiometer W1 R7 in parallel of resistance value 0～100 Ω is connected between L5, the L6.0 setting is to rely on school 0 circuit of electric bridge to finish, and has adopted 10 high-accuracy layer lines around potentiometer adduction 47 Ω resistance, W in the circuit ₁Whenever around a circle, has just changeed one deck, resistance value has only the variation of 3.2 Ω, and the potentiometer revolution moves 36 ° so, and resistance value only changes 0.32 Ω, this concerning the balance of electric bridge, influence very little, so transfer 0 very easy.

Can guarantee that 0 key of not drifting about is after transferring 0: the central potential B point of the load complementary switch circuit in the oscillator will remain unchanged.Oscillator of the present invention for this reason is by oscillation source CMOS chip IC 1, resistance R 1, R2, crystal JT1, capacitor C8, C9 and complementary switch circuit: transistor BG1, BG2, resistance R 3, R5, R6, potentiometer W2, capacitor C10, C11 form, and produce the high frequency sinusoidal current jointly and supply with electric bridge work.In complementary switch circuit, introduce contrary current feed circuit: resistance R ₄, R ₁₅, this contrary current feed circuit is two identical symmetric circuit: R4=R15, the signal of random variation is at R ₄, R ₁₅Last formation inversion signal can in time be resisted unstable at random variation the in the circuit automatically, keeping the stability that central potential B order, and then guarantees 0 stablize.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: theory diagram

Fig. 2: embodiment circuit diagram 1

Fig. 3: embodiment circuit diagram 2

Fig. 4: embodiment circuit diagram 3

Fig. 5: embodiment circuit diagram 4

Embodiment

Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described:

Fig. 1 is a The general frame of the present invention, and Fig. 2～Fig. 5 is the embodiment circuit diagram.Fig. 2: oscillator IC ₁, sensor circuit and interface circuit 1: amplifier IC ₃, chip IC ₂Be the voltage polarity reversal device, be amplifier IC ₃Bias voltage is provided; Fig. 3: mould/number A/D converter IC ₇, the central processing unit chip IC ₄, the program storage chip IC ₆, chip IC ₅Be address latch; Chip IC ₈Shift register connects keyboard, is the running program sweep circuit; Fig. 4: chip IC ₉～IC ₁₃Latch decoder is for liquid crystal LCD provides demonstration numerical value, chip IC ₁₄Control code translator and chip IC ₁₅The buzzing of reverser control sound equipment, chip IC ₁₆Be the three-terminal voltage-stabilizing power supply; Fig. 5: central processing unit chip IC ₄And the interface circuit between mini-printer 2: by chip IC ₁₇, IC ₁₉Form.IC ₁₈Be the three-terminal voltage-stabilizing power supply.

Oscillator is the power supply of electric bridge, it is a crystal oscillator with high stability, produce the work of high_frequency sine wave current supply electric bridge with load switching circuit, guarantee 0 two identical contrary feedback symmetric circuits of introducing realization in complementary switch circuit of not drifting about.Oscillator is by oscillation source CMOS chip IC ₁, resistance R ₁, R ₂, crystal JT ₁, capacitor C ₈, C ₉And complementary switch circuit: transistor BG ₁, BG ₂, resistance R ₃, R ₅, R ₆, potentiometer W ₂, capacitor C ₁₀, C ₁₁Form, at transistor BG ₁And BG ₂Penetrate level and introduce contrary current feed circuit R ₄, R ₁₅, and R4=R15.When the signal of random variation at R ₄, R ₁₅Last formation inversion signal can in time be resisted unstable at random variation the in the circuit automatically, keeping the stability that central potential B order, and then guarantees 0 stablize.

Sensor is the transferring elements of oil quality information, highly sensitive two bridge sensor of shaking of forming by special inductance L and special capacitor C, and on its brachium pontis, designed school 0 circuit.Physical circuit is: 4 arms of electric bridge are by inductor L ₅, L ₆, capacitor C ₁₃+ C ₁₄, C ₁₅+ C ₁₆Constitute.Detection tube D ₁, D ₂And inductance L ₇, capacitor C ₁₇, C ₁₈, potentiometer W ₃, resistance R ₁₆Be the load of electric bridge.Transfer 0 circuit W ₁R in parallel ₇Be connected on L ₅, L ₆Between.When design, L ₅=L ₆, C ₁₃+ C ₁₄=C ₁₅+ C ₁₆, but in fact because the dispersiveness of unit, device parameters exists, can not reach absolute and equate that 2 current potentials of D, E are just unequal, output point F just is not 0 output, so need to transfer 0 circuit to adjust, makes it to be output as 0.The present invention has adopted 10 high-accuracy layer lines around potentiometer 47 Ω resistance R 7 in parallel, W in the line ₁Whenever turn around, promptly changeed one deck, resistance value has only the variation of 3.2 Ω, and the potentiometer revolution is moving 36 ° so, and resistance value only changes 0.32 Ω, this concerning the balance of electric bridge, influence very little, so transfer 0 very easy

Central processing unit (CPU) IC ₄And the interface circuit between the LC electric bridge 1: comprise amplifier IC ₃And biasing circuit: resistance R ₈, R ₉, R ₁₀, R ₁₁, R ₁₂, R ₁₄, potentiometer W ₄, capacitor C ₁₉The signal of electric bridge output has just to be had negatively, but mould/number A/D converter can only be accepted positive signal, can not accept negative signal.The present invention adopts amplifier IC ₃And the biasing circuit voltage of exporting OUT according to need of work be set to+2.5 volts, when importing, positive and negative signal all can obtain positive signal output to reach, for mould/number A/D converter its simulating signal amount is converted to the digital signal corresponding amount, give central processing unit again, finally on LCDs, demonstrate the corresponding positive signal or the negative signal of electric bridge output.

Chip IC ₄Be central processing unit, it finishes functions such as computing, control, input, output.Program storage is subjected to the control of central processing unit, calls whole instructions.Also depositing the database of the various parameters of relevant fluid in program storage inside.

Central processing unit IC ₄And the interface circuit between mini-printer 2: mainly by latch IC ₁₇With delay circuit IC ₁₉And corresponding input, output data line and control line are formed IC ₁₉By a NAND gate circuit F1 and three not circuit F ₂, F ₃, F ₄Be composed in series.Wherein: input data line is 8 lines, sees plug CT-6:D among the figure ₀, D ₁, D ₂, D ₃, D ₄, D ₅, D ₆, D ₇, correspondence is connected to latch IC respectively ₁₇3,4,7,8,13,14,17,18 pin on.Output data line also is 8 lines: D ₀, D ₁, D ₂, D ₃, D ₄, D ₅, D ₆, D ₇, the corresponding latch IC that connects of

left end

₁₇2,5,6,9,12,15,16,19 pin.The right-hand member correspondence is connected on 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17 of plug CT-7 and delivers to printer, and control line comprises to be write line WR, start line P2.6, engaged line P3.3BUSY, set line STB, clock line CLK equisignal line.

Latch is used for latching the signal data that central processing unit is sent here.The of short duration process of setting up that needs several nanoseconds during the latch signal data.Delay circuit is on the one hand informed the data that the latches central processing unit is sent here by the WR line, i.e. write signal instruction is informed the instruction that mini-printer can the number of winning the confidence by the STB line on the other hand.The write signal instruction is coordinated control with the time relationship of the number of winning the confidence instruction by delay circuit.

Present embodiment has three tunnel output channels:

One of output channel.It is LCD LCD and red, yellow, green LED on the panel, also has the complete machine under-voltage pilot lamp red LED of powering.The moisture permillage of the sequence number of the tested fluid of liquid crystal display displays, oil contamination degree, quality grade and fluid.Three light emitting diodes send different colours when quality grade shows.Redness is scrapped for fluid, and yellow may be used for fluid, and green is that fluid is good.Red under-voltage pilot lamp when direct current supply, if when voltage is lower than 7 volts, promptly luminous prompting.

Two of output channel.It is the sound equipment output circuit.Sound equipment is divided into warning sound equipment and sign sound equipment.Warning sound equipment major function is the various maloperations that prevent the user, and the error-detecting result who brings.For example: the fluid sequence number is made up of three figure places, if maloperation is two figure places or four figures, and the instrument sound equipment that all can give a warning.And for example: in the input database during oil of no datat, the instrument sound equipment that can give a warning equally.

The sign sound equipment is actually computing machine is given the people in the back that accomplishes a task feedback information.For example: can send sound equipment during button, the expression computing machine has received people's instruction.When and for example detecting water cut, kind detected once in per ten seconds, and after finishing, instrument sends the audible presentation one-time detection and finishes.When whole detections are over, can send sound equipment again.These sound equipments that send have automatically played the effect of giving user's feedback information.

Three of output channel.Its terminal is a mini-printer.Mini-printer is subjected to Keyboard Control, the each test result of fluid can be printed, for filing for reference.But central processing unit is different with the mini-printer work schedule, and the centre must be provided with an interface circuit, to coordinate the time relationship between them.

More than do not exist between three kinds of way of outputs " or " relation.

The basic functional principle of present embodiment is: tested fluid as medium, is added special highly sensitive sensor, cause that its electric parameter changes.Again that this is original electric parameter is processed and is given mould/number A/D converter after the processing and be converted to digital quantity, give central processing unit, finish good all multi-functional of standard in advance such as computing, control, input, output jointly by central processing unit and program storage, show its testing result by LCD display and LED luminotron at last; Send information warning or feedback information by the sound equipment passage to the operator; Go out testing result by printer prints.The coordination of whole service provides instruction by keyboard.

Claims

1, a kind of oil quality analyser, it is characterized in that: it is included in oscillator, capacitor and inductor bridge sensor, interface circuit 1, analog to digital conversion circuit, central processing unit, latch, the program storage that connects successively on the circuit, output channel has three the tunnel, interface circuit 2 is connected central processing unit with one tunnel output channel, wherein, oscillator is made up of concussion source and complementary switch circuit; Oscillation source is by the CMOS chip IC ₁, resistance R ₁, resistance R ₂, crystal JT ₁, capacitor C ₈, capacitor C ₉Form; Complementary switch circuit is by triode BG ₁, BG ₂, resistance R ₃, resistance R ₅, resistance R ₆, potentiometer W ₂, capacitor C ₁₀, capacitor C ₁₁Form; In resistance R ₃With triode BG ₁Penetrate and insert resistance R between the level ₄And at potentiometer W ₂With triode BG ₂Penetrate and insert resistance R between the level ₁₅Form contrary current feed circuit, and resistance R ₄=R ₁₅Four arms of capacitor and inductor bridge sensor are by inductance L ₅, inductance L ₆, capacitor C ₁₃+ capacitor C ₁₄, capacitor C ₁₅+ capacitor C ₁₆Constitute; Inductance L ₅=inductance L ₆, capacitor C ₁₃+ capacitor C ₁₄=capacitor C ₁₅+ capacitor C ₁₆, transferring 0 circuit is potentiometer W ₁Parallel resistance R ₇, be connected on inductance L ₅, inductance L ₆Between; Interface circuit 1 comprises the operational amplifier chip IC ₃And by resistance R ₈, resistance R ₉, resistance R ₁₀, resistance R ₁₁, resistance R ₁₂, resistance R ₁₄, potentiometer W ₄, capacitor C ₁₉The biasing circuit that constitutes; Oscillation source and complementary switch circuit are formed oscillator and are produced high-frequency current supply capacitor and inductor bridge sensor, the electric parameter of capacitor and inductor bridge sensor output is converted to digital quantity by A/D converter, give central processing unit, through the computing of central processing unit and program storage, control three tunnel output channels.

2, oil quality analyser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described interface circuit 1, adjust IC ₃Biasing circuit R ₈, R ₉, R ₁₀, R ₁₁, R ₁₂, R ₁₄, W ₄, make IC ₃The voltage of lead-out terminal 6 be 2.5 volts.

3, oil quality analyser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described interface circuit 2: by the data latches chip IC ₁₇, the chronotron chip IC ₁₉And input, output data line and control line are formed the chronotron chip IC ₁₉By a NAND gate circuit F ₁With three not circuit F ₂, F ₃, F ₄Be in series.

4, oil quality analyser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: output channel one is by its testing result of liquid crystal display displays, and the LED luminotron shows the quality grade of its detection simultaneously; Output channel two is sound equipment output circuits, sends caution sound equipment and sign sound equipment to the operator; Output channel three is mini-printer systems, but open printing goes out testing result when needing.

5, oil quality analyser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described accent 0 circuit potentiometer W ₁, resistance value 0～100 Ω adopts high-accuracy 10 layer lines around potentiometer.