CN1284247A - 用于授权定位业务的系统与方法 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
Abstract
本发明公开了在允许进行定位业务以便在蜂窝网络内定位移动终端之前执行授权检验的一种电信系统与方法。各种检验包括确保请求代理具有请求对移动终端定位的授权、确定在此移动终端当前所位于的蜂窝网络内是否允许对移动终端定位、验证移动定位中心的识别的真实性、确定移动用户是否已允许请求代理定位此移动终端、和确认移动用户与请求代理已满足所有与定位相关的准则。
Description
本发明的背景
发明领域
本发明一般涉及用于确定移动终端在蜂窝网络内的位置的电信系统与方法,并具体涉及在定位此移动终端之前执行授权检验。
本发明的背景和目的
蜂窝网络总是最迅速发展和需求最多的电信应用之一。当今,蜂窝电信在世界上所有新电话预约业务中占据极大的与连续增长的百分比。建立于1982年的欧洲电信标准局(ETSI)标准化组制定了用于全球移动通信系统(GSM)数字移动蜂窝无线系统的规范。
现在参见附图1,示出诸如蜂窝网络10的GSM公用陆地移动网络(PLMN),此网络又相应地由多个区域12组成,每个区域中具有移动交换中心(MSC)14与位于其内的综合的访问者位置寄存器(VLR)16。MSC/VLR区域12又包括多个位置区域(LA)18,这些LA被定义为其中的移动站(MS)(终端)20可以自由移动而不必发送更新位置信息给控制此LA18的MSC/VLR区域12的给定MSC/VLR区域12的一个部分。每个位置区域12划分为许多网孔22。移动站(MS)20是供移动用户用于与蜂窝网络10(有线与无线)通信、相互通信和与在签约的网络外面的用户通信的物理设备,例如汽车电话机或其它便携式电话机。
MSC14与至少一个基站控制器(BSC)23通信,BSC23又与至少一个基站收发信机(BTS)24联络。BTS是为简便起见而表示为无线天线塔的提供无线电覆盖给它负责的网孔22的物理设备。应该明白:BSC23可以连到几个基站收发信机24并且可以实施为独立节点或与MSC14相综合。在任何一种情况中。BSC23与BTS24组成部分合起来一般称为基站系统(BSS)25。
还参见图1,PLMN服务区或蜂窝网络10包括归属位置寄存器(HLR)26,此HLR26是保持例如用户分布、当前位置信息、国际移动用户识别(IMSI)号码与其它管理信息的所有用户信息的数据库。HLR26可以与给定的MSC14位于一起、与MSC14相综合、或可选择地如图1所示能为多个MSC14提供服务。
VLR16是包含有关当前位于MSC/VLR区域12内的所有移动站20的信息的数据库。如果MS20漫游进入新的MSC/VLR区域12,连接到那个MSC14的VLR16将向HLR数据库26请求有关那个移动站20的数据(同时,将此MS20的当前位置通知HLR26)。因此,如果此MS20的用户随后想进行呼叫,本地VLR16将具有必需的识别信息而不必重新询问HLR26。在上述方式中,VLR与HLR数据库16与26分别包含与给定的MS20相关的各种用户信息。
确定MS在蜂窝网络内的地理位置对于大范围的应用近来已变得重要。例如,定位业务可以由运输与出租汽车公司用来确定其车辆的位置。另外,对于例如911呼叫的紧急呼叫,移动终端的准确位置对于紧急情况的处理可能尤为重要。而且,定位业务能用于确定被盗汽车的位置、用于检测以较低费率收费的归属区域呼叫、用于微网孔的热点的检测、或用于为用户确定例如最近的加油站、餐馆或医院。
当前,如能从附图2中看出的,根据网络定位请求,为MS200提供服务的基站系统(BSS)(220与240)可以生成传送给移动交换中心(MSC)260的定位数据。此定位数据随后传送给移动定位中心(MPC)270,用于计算MS200的地理位置。MS200的位置然后能发送给请求定位的应用280。可选择地,请求应用280自己能位于MS200内或位于网络(MSC/VLR260)内。
为了准确地确定MS200的位置,需要来自三个或更多的独立基站收发信机(210、220与230)的定位数据。用于GSM系统的此定位数据例如能包括定时提前(TA)值,此值对应于MS200必须提前发送消息以便BTS220在分配给那个MS200的时隙中接收此消息的时间量。在从MS200发送消息给BTS220时,具有取决于MS200与BTS220之间的距离的传播延迟。TA值以比特周期来表示并且其范围可以是0-63,而每个比特周期对应于MS200与BTS220之间大约550米的距离。然而,应该明白:能使用对于任何蜂窝系统的任何时间、距离或角度的估算来替代本文所公开的TA值。
一旦为一个BTS220确定一个TA值,则可以知道MS200与那个特定BTS220之间的距离,但不知道实际的位置。例如,如果TA值等于1,MS200能在沿550米的半径上的任何地方。来自例如BTS210与220的两个BTS的两个TA值提供MS200所能位于的两个可能的点(两个半径相交的地方)。然而,利用来自例如BTS210、220与230的三个BTS的三个TA值,能以一定的准确度确定MS200的位置。使用三角测量算法,在知道与每个BTS(210、220与230)相关的三个TA值和站点位置数据时,能由移动定位中心(MPC)270(以一定的准确度)确定移动站200的位置。
因此,可从原始(服务)BTS220与两个相邻(目标)BTS(210与230)中获得定时提前(TA)值。为了使每个目标BTS(210与230)能确定TA值,必须定位切换到每个BTS(210与230)。定位切换类似于普通的异步切换。例如是BTS210的目标BTS可以利用CHANNELACTIVATION(信道启动)消息中一个新ACTIVATION TYPE(启动类型)来区分定位切换与普通切换。不同于普通切换,在从MS200中接收到HANDOVER ACCESS(切换接入)消息时,目标BTS210仅计算TA值并且不应答MS200,即,不发送PHYSICAL INFORMATION(物理信息)给MS200。因而,MS200随后将在由MS200的内部计数器定义的时间周期(例如320毫秒)期满之后返回到由原始BTS220分配的先前信道上。
位置业务极有可能侵犯用户的隐私,这在商业应用具有接入位置业务的能力时尤为真实。必须提供合适的授权与接入能力来阻止误用并允许用户对外方确定他或她的位置的能力进行适当的控制。另外,这些授权程序甚至在此用户正在漫游时也必须提供适当的保护。
当前,授权程序仅仅对于一组有限的位置业务而存在。这些程序不包括处理漫游用户的能力并且仅能应用于具有只定位某一组内用户的能力的业务(组内用户的位置(LSG)业务)。另外,此用户一般不具有阻止定位的能力。
在以前考虑的解决定位隐私问题的方案之中,包括用户可设置的禁止/允许所有由应用始发的位置能力的选择。然而,此项选择禁止所有应用始发的位置查询,并且,在此用户选择了允许应用始发的查询时,具有此用户号码的签署定位能力的任何代理可以在任何时间定位MS。
另一种考虑的解决方案通过在电话机上设置指示器来允许定位。然而,允许定位是侵入性的,并且当前在MS上没有现有机制来允许定位。而且,MS很难去确定此应用何时已完成对此MS定位(可能要求多次定位)。
另一种考虑的方案提供:用户必须允许或不允许定位请求的确认对话。然而,此方案也是侵入性的。如果此用户未成功地在对话中表示接受,则定位将不进行。
因此,本发明的目的是在蜂窝网络内对移动终端进行定位之前提供定位应用的授权检验。
发明概要
本发明涉及在允许定位业务在蜂窝网络内定位移动终端之前执行授权检验的电信系统与方法。各种检验包括:确保该请求代理具有请求对移动终端定位的授权、确定在此移动终端当前所在的蜂窝网络内是否允许对移动终端定位、验证移动定位中心的识别的真实性,确定移动用户是否允许请求代理定位此移动终端、和确认移动用户与请求代理已满足所有相关的定位准则。例如,在一些情况中,可以仅允许代理在移动终端已建立至特定号码(或号码组)的呼叫的同时定位那个移动终端。在那种情况中,相对每个代理特定的电话簿号码或电话簿号码组来筛选那个代理定位请求。请求定位的代理(出租汽车公司、警察等)与定位应用接口,而定位应用与本地移动定位中心(MPC)接口。此定位应用将请求MPC代表给定的代理来定位具有某一电话簿号码的移动终端。MPC将只在那个移动终端当前已建立至与此给定代理相关的一个号码的呼叫时才允许定位发生。否则,拒绝定位请求。
附图简述
所公开的本发明将结合附图进行描述,其中附图表示本发明的重要的示例实施例并结合在此说明书中作为参考,其中:
图1是常规的基于地面的无线电信系统的方框图;
图2表示其中定位数据由目标基站收发信机获得并发送给服务基站控制器的示例定位切换;
图3表示根据本发明的优选实施例、用于蜂窝网络内特定移动终端的定位的授权处理中的示例步骤;
图4描述根据本发明的优选实施例、用于根据由移动终端与请求代理满足的准则来证实代理定位移动终端的授权的示例流程图;和
图5描述根据本发明的优选实施例在已获得定位授权之后示例定位处理中的步骤。
当前优选实施例的详述
本申请的许多新颖的教导将特别结合目前优选的示例实施例进行描述。然而,应当明白:这一类型的实施例只提供了其中新颖教导的许多有益使用的一些示例。总之,本申请的说明书中进行的陈述不一定划定各个要求保护的发明之中任何一个发明的边界。而且,一些陈述可以应用于一些发明特征,但不可以应用于其它发明特征。
现在参见附图3,示出用于在蜂窝网络205内定位一个特定移动站(MS)200的示例授权处理中的步骤。初始地,在由本地(服务)或归属移动定位中心(MPC)270接收到定位请求(步骤300)时,本地或归属MPC270必须验证请求代理280的标识和那个代理280请求定位的授权(步骤310),这能由MPC270利用存储在数据库275内的代理(位置节点)表来交叉检验请求代理280的识别而实现。如果请求代理280不是有效的代理或不具有定位移动站200的授权(步骤310),发送表示拒绝定位的消息给此请求代理280(步骤320)。如果此请求代理280是执法机构或紧急中心,则除了请求MPC270的标识的验证之外,可以越过下面的授权检验。
然而,如果此请求代理280是有效的并且具有定位移动站的授权(步骤310),服务MPC270(或为归属或为本地,这取决于MS200的当前位置)可以任选地进一步检验请求代理280去定位特定MS200请求的授权(步骤330)。例如,如果只允许请求代理280定位一组MS200内的特定MS200,例如连接到归属PLMN205的出租汽车业务能请求定位安装MS的出租汽车的位置,必须确认此特定MS200对于此组的成员资格。一般地,MPC270验证:将要进行定位的MS200的标识(例如,国际移动用户识别(IMSI)号码)是在允许由请求代理280进行定位的移动识别的表之内的。此表能在请求代理280向归属MPC270登记时由请求代理280提供或存储在归属MPC270中。如果要进行定位的特定MS200已经漫游离开归属公用陆地移动网络(PLMN)205,服务MPC(未示出)则能向归属MPC270请求此表。如果此MS200的标识不在可允许定位的移动识别的表内,可以发送表示拒绝定位的消息给请求代理280(步骤320)。
如果用户已漫游进入新的PLMN(未示出)(步骤340),服务MPC(未示出)必须确定在此服务PLMN(未示出)内是否允许对MS200定位(步骤350)。如果不允许对漫游MS200定位(步骤350),则发送表示拒绝定位的消息给请求代理280(步骤320)。而且,归属MPC270在MS200漫游时可以禁止该服务MPC定位此MS200。服务MSC/VLR(未示出)必须例如通过查询HLR265来确定在MS200正在漫游时是否限制此对MS200定位(步骤360),并在限制定位(步骤360)时,必须发送拒绝消息给请求代理280(步骤320)。可选择地,在由MS200执行位置更新时,能发送有关定位的所有信息给服务MSC/VLR。
如果在服务PLMN中允许对MS200定位(步骤350与360),服务MSC/VLR必须例如通过查询归属位置寄存器(HLR)265或通过检验在执行位置更新时由HLR265发送给服务MSC/VLR的用户记录和交叉检验那个标识与请求MPC270的识别,以确定归属MPC270的识别,从而来进一步验证请求MPC270的标识(步骤370)。如果请求MPC270不是归属MPC270(步骤370),则发送一个拒绝消息给请求代理280(步骤320)。
此后,服务或归属MSC/VLR260检验从HLR265中获得的用户记录以确保与要进行定位的MS200相关的用户已签署由请求代理280提供的定位业务(步骤380),并且此用户已允许由此请求代理280进行定位(步骤390)。例如,请求代理280能提供用于MS请求的定位的定位业务。在那种情况中,服务或归属MSC/VLR260必须确定此用户是否已签署由此请求代理280提供的定位业务(步骤380)和此用户是否已允许定位(步骤390),例如,用于定位的请求来自此MS200。如果此用户未签署此业务或已禁止(或未启动)此业务,则发送拒绝消息给此请求代理280(步骤320)。
最后,服务或归属MPC270必须证实:已经满足了用于定位的所有准则(步骤398)。如果是这样,则能定位此MS200(步骤398)。例如,当外部代理280定位一个MS200以便提供业务或帮助此移动用户时,此移动用户应能在他不需要此业务时限制外部代理280定位此MS200。一种被称之为定位连接的用户(Location of Subscriberwhile Connected,即LSC)业务提供了实现此方案的方法。例如,LSC业务可以供出租汽车业务用于确定用户的位置并随后派遣出租汽车去到那个位置。另外,这样的LSC业务对于救援公司或紧急呼叫是有用的。
这样的代理280只能在MS200已建立至特定号码(或号码组)的呼叫的同时定位那个MS200。因而,出租汽车公司只能定位那个呼叫其号码以便预定出租汽车的移动站200。每个代理280的定位请求将由MPC270相对那个代理280特定的电话簿号码或电话簿号码组来进行筛选。
现在参见附图4,它描述了用于根据MS200与请求代理280所满足的准则来验证对代理280定位移动站(MS)200的授权的示例流程图。请求定位的代理(出租汽车公司或警察等)将与一个位置应用280进行接口(步骤400),此应用280与本地移动定位中心(MPC)270接口(步骤410)。当定位应用280向MPC270登记(步骤420)时,对于那个应用280所代表的代理是有效的电话簿号码组被传送给MPC270(步骤430)。此应用280将会请求MPC270代表代理XXX去定位具有某一电话簿号码的MS200(步骤440)。MPC270将只在那个MS200当前已建立至与代理XXX相关的一个号码的呼叫(步骤450)时才允许定位发生(步骤460)。否则,拒绝定位请求(步骤470)。
现在参见附图5,在已经确认请求该代理去定位MS的授权之后,可以通过MPC270传送定位请求给服务移动交换中心/访问者位置寄存器260来继续对MS2000进行定位(步骤500)。MPC270可以位于MSC/VLR260之内或可以是一个与MSC/VLR260通信的独立节点。服务MSC/VLR260随后传送定位请求给BSC240(步骤510)。如果MS200处于空闲模式中(未在使用),MSC/VLR260必须在传送此定位请求给BSC240之前寻呼此MS200并建立至此MS200的呼叫(步骤510)。此呼叫不启动MS200上的振铃音并因此不被此MS200注意到。
始发BSC240随后确定哪个基站收发信机(BTS)220当前正为此MS200提供服务(步骤520),并在可能时从此服务BTS220中获得定时提前(TA)值(TA1)或其它定位数据(步骤525)。此后,通过执行定位切换(步骤530)从两个目标BTS(210与230)中获得TA值(步骤560)。如果服务BTS220不支持定位,必须选择另外的目标BTS(未示出)。应注意:也可以使用基于三角测量的其它定位方法而不是如此处所述的获得TA值的定位方法。另外,可以使用多于三个的BTS(210、220与230)来实现对MS200的定位。
通过由服务BSC240在CHANNEL ACTIVATION消息中发送一个用于通知目标BTS230应该执行定位切换(步骤535)的新的ACTIVATIONTYPE给目标BTS230,可以实现至一个目标BTS230的定位切换(步骤530)。目标BTS230随后向服务BSC250确认此CHANNEL ACTIVATION消息(步骤540)。
此后,BSC240通过服务BTS220发送指令给MS200(步骤545)以便发送HANDOVER ACCESS消息给目标BTS230(步骤550)。在MS200正在等待来自BTS230的应答的时间期间(例如大约320毫秒),目标BTS230使用由MS200发送的接入脉冲串来测量定时提前值(接入延迟)(TA3)(步骤555),并传送此定位数据给服务BSC240(步骤560)。随后能以上述的方法执行至另一目标BTS210的定位切换。由目标BTS230测量的TA值(TA3)然后与从服务BTS220及其它目标BTS210中获得的TA值(TA1与TA2)一起由服务BSC250发送给MSC260(步骤565)。
最后,从目标BTS230中获得的TA值(TA3)与其它TA值(TA1与TA2)一起从MSC260传送给移动定位中心(MPC)270(步骤570),在此,使用三角测量算法确定MS200的位置(步骤575)。MPC270随后提供MS200的地理位置给请求代理(节点)280(步骤580)。
如本领域技术人员将认识到的,本申请中描述的新颖概念能在很大的应用范围内进行修改与变化。因此,要求专利保护的主题的范畴不应被限制为所讨论的任何一个特定的示例教导。
Claims (16)
1.一种电信系统,用于在蜂窝网络内定位移动终端之前执行授权检验,所述移动终端与移动交换中心进行无线通信,所述电信系统包括:
与所述移动交换中心通信的移动定位中心,所述移动定位中心中具有数据库,所述数据库包含授权的位置节点的表;和
请求节点,具有与之相关的标识,所述请求节点发送定位请求和所述标识给所述移动定位中心,所述移动定位中心相对所述授权位置节点的表检验所述标识,所述移动定位中心在所述标识不在所述表上时发送拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
2.权利要求1的电信系统,其中所述移动终端具有与之相关的标识,所述移动定位中心当与所述移动终端相关的所述标识不在由所述请求节点发送给所述移动定位中心的移动标识的表内时发送所述拒绝消息。
3.权利要求1的电信系统,其中当在所述蜂窝网络内不允许对所述移动终端定位时,由所述移动定位中心发送所述拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
4.权利要求1的电信系统,还包括与所述移动交换中心通信的归属位置寄存器。
5.权利要求4的电信系统,其中所述归属位置寄存器发送有效的定位标识给所述移动交换中心,由所述请求节点发送所述定位请求给具有与之相关的标识的归属定位节点,所述归属定位节点传送所述定位请求和与所述归属定位节点相关的所述标识给所述移动交换中心,所述移动定位中心在与所述归属定位节点相关的所述标识不是所述有效的定位标识时发送所述拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
6.权利要求4的电信系统,其中所述归属位置寄存器发送与所述移动终端相关的定位预约给所述移动交换中心,所述移动交换中心相对所述定位预约检验所述标识,所述移动定位中心在所述标识不在所述定位预约内时发送所述拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
7.权利要求6的电信系统,其中所述移动终端具有与之相关的允许特性,所述移动定位中心在未启动所述允许特性时发送所述拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
8.权利要求1的电信系统,其中所述移动终端连接到具有与之相关的呼叫号码的用户,所述请求节点具有被存储在其中的有效号码的表,发送所述有效号码的表给所述移动定位中心,所述移动定位中心相对所述有效号码的表检验所述呼叫号码,所述移动定位中心在所述呼叫号码不在所述有效号码的表中时发送所述拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
9.用于在蜂窝网络内定位移动终端之前执行授权检验的一种方法,所述移动终端与移动交换中心进行无线通信,所述方法包括以下步骤:
在与所述移动交换中心通信的移动定位中心中的数据库内存储授权的位置节点的表;
由具有与之相关的标识的请求节点发送定位请求和所述标识给所述移动定位中心;
由所述移动定位中心相对所述授权位置节点的表检验所述标识;和
当所述标识不在所述表上时,由所述移动定位中心发送拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
10.权利要求9的方法,其中所述移动终端具有与之相关的柱识,并且在发送所述拒绝消息的所述步骤之后还包括以下步骤:
当与所述移动终端相关的所述标识不在由所述请求节点发送给所述移动定位中心的移动标识的表内时,由所述移动定位中心发送所述拒绝消息。
11.权利要求9的方法,在发送所述拒绝消息的所述步骤之后还包括以下步骤:
当在所述蜂窝网络内不允许对所述移动终端定位时,由所述移动定位中心发送所述拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
12.权利要求9的方法,其中归属位置寄存器与所述移动交换中心通信。
13.权利要求12的方法,在发送所述定位请求的所述步骤之前还包括以下步骤:
由所述归属位置寄存器发送有效的定位标识给所述移动交换中心;
由所述请求节点发送所述定位请求给具有与之相关的标识的归属定位节点;
由所述归属定位节点发送所述定位请求和与所述归属定位节点相关的所述标识给所述移动交换中心;和
当与所述归属定位节点相关的所述标识不是所述有效的定位标识时,由所述移动定位中心发送所述拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
14.权利要求12的方法,在所述存储步骤之后还包括以下步骤:
由所述归属位置寄存器发送与所述移动终端相关的定位预约给所述移动交换中心;
由所述移动交换中心相对所述定位预约检验与所述请求节点相关的所述标识;
当所述标识不在所述定位预约内时,由所述移动定位中心发送所述拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
15.权利要求14的方法,其中所述移动终端具有与之相关的允许特性,所述移动定位中心在未启动所述允许特性时发送所述拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
16.权利要求9的方法,其中所述移动终端连接到具有与之相关的呼叫号码的用户,所述请求节点具有存储在其中的有效号码的表,并且在所述存储步骤之后还包括以下步骤:
从所述请求节点中发送所述有效号码的表给所述移动定位中心;
由所述移动定位中心相对所述有效号码的表检验所述呼叫号码;
当所述呼叫号码不在所述有效号码的表中时,由所述移动定位中心发送拒绝消息给所述请求节点。
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GB2348578B (en) | 2003-03-12 |
ES2187259B2 (es) | 2005-06-01 |
KR100559284B1 (ko) | 2006-03-10 |
KR20010032515A (ko) | 2001-04-25 |
CN1162033C (zh) | 2004-08-11 |
AU762424B2 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
GB2348578A (en) | 2000-10-04 |
ES2187259A1 (es) | 2003-05-16 |
US6138003A (en) | 2000-10-24 |
WO1999027746A1 (en) | 1999-06-03 |
GB0015615D0 (en) | 2000-08-16 |
AU1601199A (en) | 1999-06-15 |
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