CN1281202C - 化学处理的纤维、包括该种纤维的吸收结构以及包括该种吸收结构的一次性吸收制品 - Google Patents

化学处理的纤维、包括该种纤维的吸收结构以及包括该种吸收结构的一次性吸收制品 Download PDF

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CN1281202C
CN1281202C CNB998149861A CN99814986A CN1281202C CN 1281202 C CN1281202 C CN 1281202C CN B998149861 A CNB998149861 A CN B998149861A CN 99814986 A CN99814986 A CN 99814986A CN 1281202 C CN1281202 C CN 1281202C
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fiber
acid
absorbing structure
bonded
polyvalent cation
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CN1354645A (zh
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J·T·库克
R·I·贝尔
S·M·费尔茨
B·J·L·胡夫
G·H·莫顿
H·L·舍根
D·J·史密斯
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GP Cellulose GmbH
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BKI Holding Corp
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Abstract

公开了包括与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维和超吸收聚合物颗粒的吸收结构。所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5%。还公开了包括所述处理纤维和SAP颗粒的多层吸收结构，如一次性吸收制品。此外还公开了包括所述处理纤维的吸收结构的制备方法；包括与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维的结构；及用含多价阳离子的化合物处理或涂布SAP颗粒的方法。

Description

化学处理的纤维、包括该种纤维的吸收结构以及 包括该种吸收结构的一次性吸收制品
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请根据35U.S.C.§119基于1999年1月27日提交的美国临时申请60/117565，以及1998年12月24日提交的美国临时申请60/113849要求优选权，该文献的完整公开作为参考引用。
发明领域
本发明涉及一种纤维，该纤维被处理以提高由此纤维制备的吸收结构的渗透性。更具体地，本发明涉及用于吸收结构的用含多价金属离子的化合物处理过的纤维，和含此吸收结构的吸收制品。
发明背景
在包括婴儿尿布、成人失禁用品、卫生巾和其它妇女卫生用品等各种一次性吸收制品中吸收结构很重要。这些和其它吸收制品一般配有吸收剂芯以接收和保持体液。吸收剂芯通常介于可渗透液体的面片和不能渗透液体的背片之间，面片的作用是允许流体通入所述芯中，背片的作用是容纳所述流体防止其通过吸收制品至吸收制品佩带者的衣服上。
尿布、成人失禁用垫和妇女卫生品用吸收芯包括由脱纤维的、松散的、疏松的、亲水的纤维素纤维构成的纤维棉或网。这种纤维棉形成能吸收和保持一些液体的基质。然而，它们吸收和保持液体的能力有限。因此，所述吸收芯中通常包括能吸收许多倍重量液体的超吸收聚合物(“SAP”)微粒、颗粒、薄片或纤维(统称为“颗粒”)，以提高所述芯的吸收能力，而不必显著增加所述芯的体积。包含基质纤维和SAP颗粒的吸收芯中，所述纤维与SAP物理分离，为所述吸收芯提供结构完整性，为流体通过所述芯提供通道。
包含SAP的吸收芯已获得成功，近年来，对更薄、吸收性更好和更舒适的吸收制品的市场需求增加。这种制品可通过提高吸收芯中SAP颗粒与纤维素或其它基质纤维的比例获得。
然而，提高吸收芯中SAP颗粒的比例有实际限制。如果吸收芯中SAP颗粒的浓度太高，则可能导致凝胶结块。分布在整个基质纤维吸收芯中的SAP颗粒遇到液体时，它们将吸收液体而溶胀形成凝胶。相邻的SAP颗粒溶胀时，形成屏障使液体不能立即被SAP颗粒吸收。结果，液体进入未暴露SAP颗粒的通道可能被溶胀(胶凝)的SAP颗粒堵塞。凝胶结块时，芯中发生液体汇集(与吸收相对)。结果，大部分芯未用，可能发生吸收芯的失效(泄漏)。SAP颗粒浓度高所致凝胶结块导致在吸收产品使用期间所遇到的压力下芯的渗透性(流体流动)降低。
使凝胶结块(和保持芯渗透性)的方法之一是限制吸收芯中SAP颗粒与基质纤维的比例。这样，颗粒之间充分分离，从而甚至在所述颗粒已因暴露于液体而溶胀之后，它们也不与相邻颗粒接触，自由液体可迁移至未暴露的SAP颗粒。可惜，限制吸收芯中SAP颗粒的浓度也限制了使芯更薄和更舒适的程度。为避免凝胶结块，目前商用吸收芯限于芯中SAP颗粒浓度为20至50％(重)。
非常希望提供在保持芯的渗透性且避免凝胶结块问题的同时能有超过50％(重)、优选50至80％(重)的SAP颗粒浓度的吸收芯。还希望提供对于给定SAP浓度表现出改进的渗透性的吸收芯。同时，重要的是能用常规的物料运输和处理方法使基质纤维和SAP颗粒共混成吸收芯，为婴儿尿布、妇女卫生垫和成人失禁垫等的生产提供有吸引力的利润。
在使凝胶结块最小的情况下增加SAP颗粒浓度的其它方法涉及所述超吸收聚合物本身的改性。超吸收聚合物的改性通常涉及通过增加聚合物的交联降低超吸收聚合物颗粒的凝胶体积。交联的SAP颗粒在其能力方面仅限于溶胀，因此装载量或凝胶体积减少。虽然改性SAP颗粒不易胶凝结块，但因其凝胶体积减少它们吸收的液体量也少。改性SAP颗粒还趋于有脆性，在加工成最终吸收产品期间或之后易破碎和破裂。本领域已知许多交联剂。在生产SAP的过程中用多价金属离子包括铝作为离子交联剂也是已知的。参见例如US5 736 595。
SAP颗粒的交联影响颗粒的渗透性，即液体渗透至颗粒中心的能力，从而充分利用SAP颗粒的吸收能力。本说明书中所用SAP颗粒的渗透性与所述“芯”或吸收结构的渗透性不同。芯的渗透性意指液体透过含SAP颗粒的吸收结构的能力。本文所用这种渗透能力通过包括“垂直”渗透和“倾斜”渗透的方法测量。由垂直和倾斜渗透测量结果可确定芯的“渗透因子”。
US5 147 343公开了改进超吸收剂利用的方法，其中控制颗粒的粒度分布。通过控制超吸收剂的粒度从而控制表面积，可使所述芯设计的流体吸收速率最佳。然而，在较高SAP颗粒浓度下因凝胶结块导致吸收芯的利用降低。
发明概述
本发明涉及吸收结构，包括用含多价阳离子的化合物和超吸收聚合物颗粒粘结的纤维。所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5％。本发明还涉及包括所述处理纤维和SAP颗粒的多层吸收结构，如一次性吸收制品。
本发明还涉及包括所述处理纤维的吸收结构的制备方法；包括与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维的结构件；和用含多价阳离子的化合物处理或涂布SAP颗粒的方法。
附图简述
图1为本说明书的实施例中所用倾斜渗透试验装置的透视图。
图2为说明与传统结构相比本发明吸收结构的倾斜渗透性的图示。
图3为本说明书的实施例中所用垂直渗透试验装置的透视图。
图4为涂布各种化合物以不同的浓度溶解在盐水中的0.9％盐水溶液之后含SAP的吸收结构的垂直渗透性的图示。
图5为用各种化合物处理的纤维制成的含SAP的吸收结构或其上涂有各种化合物的吸收结构的垂直渗透性的图示。
图6为说明按本发明制备的吸收结构的渗透因子和离子去除率之间关系的图示。
图7为说明按本发明制备的吸收结构的渗透因子和通过芯吸至尿布极限的流体测量的一次性尿布性能之间关系的图示。
图8为说明按本发明制备的吸收结构的渗透因子和通过芯吸至结构极限的流体测量的吸收结构性能之间关系的图示。
优选实施方案详述
本说明书中引用的所有专利、专利申请和公开出版物均引入本文供参考。在术语冲突的情况下，本申请解释。
现已意外地发现：通过用含多价离子的化合物处理纤维，由此纤维和SAP颗粒制成的吸收结构(或芯)凝胶结块减少而芯的渗透性增加。结果，可在不经历凝胶结块或损失芯的渗透性的情况下提高吸收芯中SAP颗粒的浓度。这样可更好地利用所述吸收芯，因为可在使用压力下在吸收芯内保持高度流体流动，从而可生产更薄、吸收性更好且更舒适的吸收结构。
图8说明渗透性增加，吸收芯改善。该图中，芯吸至芯极限的流体意指通过方法部分中所述水平芯吸试验测量的芯材料的最后7.62cm(3英寸)。对于两类SAP，注意到芯利用率改善。此外，图7显示对于机制尿布，渗透性改善也使通过水平芯吸试验测量的芯利用率改善。
按本发明用SAP颗粒和用含多价金属离子的化合物处理的纤维制成的吸收芯暴露于液体中的时候，从纤维出释放出所述多价金属离子，被液体携带，而与SAP颗粒表面接触。所述多价金属离子抑制SAP颗粒的溶胀速率足以使液体渗透通过溶胀的SAP颗粒与未暴露的SAP颗粒接触。虽然溶胀速率降低，但与含多价金属离子的液体接触不显著地影响SAP颗粒的溶胀程度。
为制备适用于吸收芯的纤维，可使用任何相容的含多价金属离子的化合物，只要所述处理纤维暴露于在芯中遇到的液体时所述化合物释放所述多价金属离子。暴露于液体时从纤维中释放所述多价离子的程度称为“离子提取”。如图6所示“离子提取”度与芯的渗透性有关。该图中，离子提取增加导致渗透性增加。
所述化合物不必与纤维化学键合，但优选通过涂布、粘附、沉淀或任何其它机理保持所述化合物与所述纤维极接近地结合，以致在与液体接触之前所述纤维、吸收芯或吸收制品的正常操作期间不使所述化合物离开所述纤维。为方便起见，可将上述纤维和化合物之间的结合称为“键合”，可以说所述化合物与所述纤维键合。
此概念举例说明如下：用水不溶性铝化合物处理的片状纤维素纤维在用锤磨机粉碎(Kamas磨机)前后有相同的铝浓度。用水溶性铝化合物处理的片状纤维素纤维在粉碎(Kamas磨机)前后有相同的铝浓度。用水不溶性和水溶性铝化合物处理的片状纤维素纤维在粉碎(Kamas磨机)前后有相同的铝浓度。
可使用任何多价金属盐包括过渡金属盐，只要所述化合物与吸收芯中所遇到的液体接触时能释放所述多价金属离子。用于此用途所选的含多价金属的化合物应适合与人皮肤和粘膜安全接触。适用的多价金属的例子包括铍、镁、钙、锶、钡、钛、锆、钒、铬、钼、钨、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、铝和锡。优选的离子包括铝、铁和锡。优选的金属离子有+3或+4氧化态。最优选的离子为铝。含所述多价金属离子的任何盐均可使用，只要所述化合物与吸收芯中所遇到的液体接触时释放所述多价金属离子。适用的上述金属的无机盐的例子包括氯化物、硝酸盐、硫酸盐、硼酸盐、溴化物、碘化物、氟化物、氮化物、高氯酸盐、磷酸盐、氢氧化物、硫化物、碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、氧化物、醇盐、酚盐、亚磷酸盐、和次磷酸盐。适用的上述金属的有机盐的例子包括甲酸盐、乙酸盐、丁酸盐、己酸盐、己二酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、草酸盐、丙酸盐、水杨酸盐、甘氨酸盐、酒石酸盐、乙醇酸盐、磺酸盐、膦酸盐、谷氨酸盐、辛酸盐、苯甲酸盐、葡糖酸盐、马来酸盐、琥珀酸盐、和4，5-二羟基-苯-1，3-二磺酸盐。除所述多价金属盐之外，其它化合物如上述盐的复合物包括胺、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸(DTPA)、次氮基三乙酸(NTA)、2，4-戊二酮、和氨。
已意外地发现：为使凝胶结块最小，三价铝离子是优选的多价金属离子。图4示出各种含多价金属的化合物对含SAP和纤维素纤维的试验芯的垂直渗透性的影响。此数据表明当含多价金属的化合物溶于所述垂直渗透性试验的流动相(0.9％盐水)时，几种多价金属阳离子在试验芯中的垂直渗透性高于所述铝盐。图5示出各种含多价金属的化合物对包含SAP和用所述多价金属盐预处理的纤维素纤维的试验芯或为SAP和纤维素纤维和所述多价金属盐的混合物的试验芯的垂直渗透性的影响。此数据表明含铝盐的试验芯具有优于含其它多价金属化合物的垂直渗透性。因此，优选的化合物是含有铝且在与吸收芯中所遇到的液体接触时能释放铝离子的化合物。这种化合物的例子包括铝盐如氯化铝、硫酸铝和氢氧化铝。
根据用于处理所述纤维的含多价金属离子的化合物，可能必须提供其它组分以在液体与所述处理纤维接触时导致或增强电离。例如，如果用氢氧化铝作为所述含金属离子的化合物，并使之沉淀在所述亲水性纤维上，则必须还用可电离酸如柠檬酸处理所述纤维，即将所述纤维结合有可电离酸。所述处理纤维暴露于液体如尿时，所述液体将使所述酸溶解，降低所述液体的pH，从而使氢氧化铝电离以柠檬酸铝形式提供铝离子。可使用各种适合的酸，但所述酸优选有低挥发性、极易溶于水、且与所述纤维键合。例子包括无机酸如硫酸氢钠，和有机酸，例如C2-C12有机酸、聚合型羧酸或聚合型磺酸，例如甲酸、乙酸、天冬氨酸、丙酸、丁酸、己酸、苯甲酸、葡糖酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、戊二酸、酒石酸、马来酸、苹果酸、邻苯二甲酸、磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、膦酸、水杨酸、乙醇酸、柠檬酸、丁烷四甲酸(BTCA)、辛酸、聚丙烯酸、多磺酸、多马来酸、和木素磺酸及其混合物，以及水解的聚丙烯酰胺和CMC(羧甲基纤维素)。所述羧酸中，优选有两个羧基的酸，更优选有三个羧基的酸。这些酸中，最优选柠檬酸。
一般地，酸的用量由酸度和酸的分子量决定。一般地酸用量的可接受范围为所述纤维的0.5-10％(重)。本文所用“％(重)”意指用所述含多价金属的化合物处理的干纤维的重量百分率。对于柠檬酸而言，优选的用量范围为所述纤维的0.5-3％(重)。
如前面所述，用含多价离子的化合物处理纤维使芯的渗透性增加。此处理使纤维变硬。硬化的纤维在水中不溶胀至未处理纤维的溶胀程度。因此，所述硬化纤维使现有的纤维间通道或液体流过由所述纤维形成的吸收结构的其它通路保持开放的程度比未处理纤维更大。通过纤维的多价离子处理产生的吸湿膨胀降低是对含SAP颗粒和本发明所述处理纤维的吸收芯总渗透性改善的重要贡献。
水保留值(WRV)是纤维在给定压力下持水能力的指示。浸入水中的纤维素纤维适度溶胀，在溶胀的纤维壁内物理地保留水。离心处理纤维水浆时，大部分水从纤维中排出。然而，甚至在离心分离后所述纤维仍保留一定量的水，此水量以基于所述纤维干重的百分率表示。所有按本发明处理的纤维都有低于相应未处理纤维的WRV值。因此，所有处理的纤维都比常规的疏松纤维更硬，从而使芯的渗透性改善。
还原剂
如需要，可给所述处理纤维施加还原剂，通过减少回色保持要求的纤维亮度水平。在加工含所述纤维的纤维网的过程中加热时添加的酸性物质可导致纤维褐变。还原剂抵抗所述纤维的褐变。所述还原剂还应与所述纤维键合。优选的还原剂是次磷酸钠和亚硫酸氢钠、及其混合物。
纤维
各种纤维类型都可用所述含多价金属离子的化合物处理。但优选使用亲水纤维。适用于本发明的亲水纤维包括纤维素纤维、改性的交联纤维素纤维、人造丝、聚酯纤维、亲水性尼龙、丝毛等。还可使疏水纤维亲水获得适用的亲水纤维。可通过用表面活性剂、二氧化硅或表面氧化处理(例如在电晕放电中用臭氧)使纤维亲水。这种纤维可源于例如聚烯烃如聚乙烯或聚丙烯、聚丙烯酸、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯、聚氨酯等。
对于吸收用品而言，优选的纤维是纤维素。适用的纤维素纤维源的例子包括软木纤维素、硬木纤维素、棉花、茅草、甘蔗渣、大麻、亚麻、化学改性的纤维素和乙酸纤维素。优选的木质纤维素是漂白纤维素。本发明优选纤维素纤维的最终纯度可在至少80％至98％α-纤维素的范围内，优选纯度大于95％α-纤维素，最优选纯度为96.5％α-纤维素。本文所用术语“纯度”以存在的α-纤维素的百分率度量。这是溶解浆工业中常用的量度。浆和纸工业中典型使用的各种纯度的纤维素纤维的生产方法为本领域已知。
卷缩定义为因纤维中的扭结、缠绕和/或弯曲所致纤维缩短的分数。本发明纤维素纤维的卷缩率优选为25至80％，更优选75％。对于本发明而言，可在两维方向测量纤维的卷缩。在两维平面内观察所述纤维，测量纤维的投影长度作为包括所述纤维的矩形的最长尺寸L(矩形)，并测量纤维的实际长度L(实际)，然后由下式计算纤维的卷缩因子：
卷缩因子＝L(实际)/L(矩形)-1
用纤维卷缩指数图像分析法产生此量度，描述在US5 190 563中。可通过丝光作用使纤维卷缩。典型地用于浆和纸工业的纤维素丝光处理方法为本领域已知。
本发明纤维素纤维的优选水保留值(WRV)低于85％，更优选在30％和80％之间，最优选40％。WRV意指基于干纤维计算的纤维试样浸泡然后离心分离除去纤维间水后纤维试样保留的吸收水量。纤维可吸收的水量与其饱和时的溶胀能力有关。数量低表示已发生内交联。US5 190563描述了WRV的测量方法。
用于本发明尤其是用于提供流体获取和分布性能的吸收元件的另一亲水纤维源是化学硬化的纤维素纤维。本文所用术语“化学硬化的纤维素纤维”意指已经过处理而提高所述纤维在于态和水湿状态下的硬挺度的纤维素纤维。在最优选的硬化纤维中，化学处理包括在纤维处理相对干燥的、纤维分离的(即单个化的)、缠绕的、卷缩状态时用交联剂使纤维内交联。据报道这些纤维的卷缩值大于70％，WRV值小于60％。通过交联键硬化的单纤维形式的纤维公开在例如1993年6月8日授权的US5 217 445和1965年12月21日授权的US3 224 926中。
SAPS
术语“超吸收聚合物颗粒”或“SAP”颗粒包括任何颗粒形式的超吸收聚合物，包括不规则颗粒、球形颗粒、粉末、薄片、短纤维和其它细长颗粒。“SAP”意指通常为水溶性的、已交联使之基本上不溶于水、但能吸收至少10倍(优选至少15倍)重量的生理盐水溶液的聚合物。超吸收剂及其制备方法的许多例子可参见例如US4 102 340；4467 012；4 950 264；5 147 343；5 328 935；5 338 766；5 372 766；5 849 816；5 859 077；和Re.32 649。
SAP一般分为三类：淀粉接枝共聚物、交联的羧甲基纤维素衍生物和改性的亲水聚丙烯酸酯。这种吸收聚合物的非限制实例是水解的淀粉-丙烯酸酯接枝共聚物、皂化丙烯酸酯-乙烯基共聚物、中和的交联聚丙烯酸、交联的聚丙烯酸盐、和羧化纤维素。优选的SAP吸收流体时形成水凝胶。
适用的SAP产生很高的凝胶体积或通过水凝胶的剪切模量测量的凝胶强度很高。这种优选的SAP包含较少量的可通过与合成尿接触而提取的(所谓“可提取的”)聚合材料。SAP是公知的，可从许多源商购。实例之一是以商品名IM1000TM(Hoechst-Celanese，Portsmouth，VA)出售的淀粉接枝聚丙烯酸酯水凝胶。其它商购超吸收剂是以商标SANWETTM(Sanyo Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki，日本)、SUMIKA GELTM(Sumitomo Kagaku Kabushiki Haishi，日本)、FAVORTM(Stockhausen，Garyville，LA)和ASAPTM系列(Chemdal，Aberdeen，MS)出售的。
适用于本发明的SAP颗粒包括以上所述的那些及其它的，只要所述SAP颗粒使用所述SAP和按本发明处理的亲水纤维制成的吸收芯的渗透性改善。最优选用于本发明的是聚丙烯酸酯基SAP。
适用于吸收芯的任何尺寸或形状的SAP颗粒均可用于本发明。
吸收芯结构
本发明的处理纤维可与SAP颗粒一起使用形成适用于形成生产吸收制品所用吸收结构的吸收芯层。所述处理纤维在吸收芯的20％SAP和80％纤维的混合物中开始显示出改善的芯渗透性，在吸收芯的40％SAP和60％纤维的混合物中表现出更好的渗透性，在吸收芯的60-80％SAP和40-20％纤维的混合物中观察到渗透性进一步改善。优选地，所述处理纤维用于形成多层吸收结构的一层。特别适用于婴儿尿布和成人失禁用品的吸收结构通常包括至少两个规定层-上获取层和下贮存层。有时，在所述获取层和贮存层之间设有分布层。可选地，在所述贮存层下面有芯吸层。
典型地在贮存层中装有SAP颗粒，但SAP颗粒也可或者装在分布层中。本发明的处理纤维或其它处理基质可位于任何层中，只要所述吸收结构暴露于液体时，所述液体与所述处理纤维接触，然后将所述多价金属离子携带至SAP颗粒。优选地，在多层吸收结构中，本发明处理纤维装在所述贮存层中。
吸收制品
本发明所述处理纤维可用于一般放置或保持与佩带者身体接近用于吸收和容纳身体流出物的任何一次性吸收制品。一次性吸收制品包括婴儿尿布、成人失禁用品、训练用短衬裤、卫生巾和其它妇女卫生用品。
常用的一次性婴儿尿布一般包括前腰带区域、后腰带区域和其间的胯部区域。尿布结构一般包括渗透液体的面片、不渗透液体的背片、吸收结构、弹性件、和固定钩。代表性的一次性尿布设计可参见例如US4 935 022和5 149 335中。US5 961 505包括妇女卫生垫的代表性设计。
可通过共混单纤维化纤维和SAP颗粒，在真空下施于模壳中产生所要形状的吸收结构，形成掺有本发明处理纤维的吸收结构。或者，可将所述吸收结构单独制成连接的卷状商品，优选用气流法(或“干成形”)技术。
纤维处理
适用于吸收结构的纤维可以各种方式处理使所述含多价金属离子的化合物与所述纤维紧密结合。优选方法是所述化合物的溶液与浆液形式的纤维接触，使所述化合物沉淀至纤维表面上。或者，可用所述化合物的水或非水溶液或悬浮液喷射所述纤维。在单纤维状态或纤维网的状态下处理所述纤维。例如，化合物可以粉状或其它物理形式直接施加至纤维上。但不论使用何种方法，优选使所述化合物与纤维保护结合，以致在形成吸收结构和吸收制品中纤维的正常物理操作过程中或制品的使用过程中，在纤维与液体接触之前，不驱逐所述化合物。所述处理纤维与液体接触时，所用化合物应从纤维中释放而在液体中形成离子。
处理纤维的优选方法
在优选实施方案中，本发明处理纤维由来自Buckeye TechnologiesInc.(Memphis，Tennessee)的纤维素纤维制成。使之形成淤浆，调pH至约4.0，将硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3)水溶液加至浆液中。搅拌所述浆液，稠度下降。在搅拌下使浆液的pH升至约5.7。然后将所述纤维制成纤维网或片，干燥，用所述纤维的2.5％(重)载荷的柠檬酸溶液喷射。然后将纤维网包装，运送至用户用于进一步加工，包括纤维分离形成单纤维化纤维用于生产吸收制品。如果要使用还原剂，优选在干燥步骤之前和任何其它涂布步骤之后施加还原剂。所述还原剂可通过喷涂、涂抹或发泡施加还原剂。
不想受理论限制，相信通过此方法，随着pH升高，引入浆液中的可溶性Al2(SO4)3转化成不溶性Al(OH)3。不溶性氢氧化铝沉淀在纤维上。从而所得纤维涂有Al(OH)3或在纤维内包含不溶性金属。喷射在包含所述纤维的纤维网上的柠檬酸在纤维上干燥。所述Al(OH)3处理的纤维制成吸收制品时，所述吸收制品的柠檬酸处理的纤维暴露于液体(例如尿)时，所述柠檬酸产生局部酸性环境。所述酸环境导致pH下降，使Al2(OH)3转化成可溶形式的铝，包括此金属的柠檬酸复合物。这样，铝离子在溶液中可用于局部和暂时抑制超吸收聚合物(也存在于吸收材料中的)溶胀，从而防止凝胶结块或使之最小。
另一优选实施方案中，上述方法这样进行：用沉淀的Al2(OH)3处理所述纤维，在后续步骤中将硫酸铝施涂(优选通过喷射)于所述Al2(OH)3处理的纤维上。优选在纤维网进入纤维网干燥器之前将硫酸铝施涂于纤维网上。涂于湿纤维网使硫酸铝更好地分布在纤维网中。硫酸铝所形成的酸性环境也有助于可溶性铝离子从Al2(OH)3沉淀中释放。
优选实施方案的层次举例说明如下：吸收芯(实施例4)中(1)用水溶性铝化合物预处理的纤维素纤维和(2)SAP颗粒的双组分混合物使芯的渗透性高于吸收芯(实施例12)中(1)纤维素纤维、(2)水溶性铝化合物和(3)SAP颗粒的可比的三组分混合物，而且高于吸收芯(实施例15)中(1)用水溶性铝化合物水溶液预处理的SAP颗粒和(2)纤维素纤维的双组分混合物。后面给出的方法中列举了这些结果。
SAP颗粒的处理
用多价离子盐涂布SAP颗粒表面，使所述涂布SAP颗粒与吸收结构中的纤维混合，可获得改善的芯渗透性。涂布所述颗粒与使SAP颗粒与多价阳离子盐反应或配位不同。使SAP颗粒与多价离子盐的非水溶液混合，然后除去非水溶剂，所述盐涂层留在SAP颗粒表面，完成SAP颗粒的涂盐过程。例如，在室温下使硫酸铝的无水甲醇溶液与SAP颗粒(例如FavorTM SXM9100)混合，将混合物干燥，使粒状的涂布SAP颗粒与吸收芯中的疏松纤维混合。这种结构的芯渗透性比用等量的多价离子盐水溶液处理SAP颗粒时所得的高得多，表明涂有硫酸铝的颗粒的芯渗透性优于铝阳离子配位的SAP颗粒。虽然甲醇是优选的非水溶剂，但溶解所述盐而不使SAP颗粒溶胀的任何溶剂均可使用。例子包括醇类如乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇和丙酮。
后面的实施例中使用以下方法。
气流法结构的形成
用Kamas磨机(Kamas Industri AB，瑞典)将浆粕粉碎成短纤浆。用垫片成型设备(Buckeye Technologies，Memphis，TN)使所述短纤浆与SAP颗粒混合。
在实验室中模拟工业生产线上吸收芯的制造过程使纤维和SAP颗粒混合制备实验室气流法吸收结构。将纤维和SAP颗粒装入所述垫片成型设备中。通过空气旋涡使纤维和SAP颗粒混合，施加真空使之成为单结构。然后将所述气流法纤维结构模切成性能试验指定的尺寸。为用于试验，所述气流法纤维结构在目标基重(0.30g/in2或0.22g/in2)下应有14”×14”的尺寸。
离子含量的测量
通过在消解装置中用硝酸和高氯酸湿法灰化(氧化)所述试样测定浆粕试样中金属离子含量(包括铝或铁含量)。通过与所述试样相同的步骤氧化和携带空白试样。然后用感应耦合型等离子分光光度计(“ICP”)(例如Perkin-Elmer ICP 6500)分析试样。由此分析，可确定试样中离子含量(ppm)。多价阳离子含量应在0.25％和5.0％(重)纤维之间、优选在0.25％和2.5％(重)纤维之间、更优选在0.4％和1.2％(重)纤维之间。
离子提取率的测量
将测试纤维浸入盐水溶液中，摇动24小时，测量在盐水溶液中从纤维中提取离子的百分率。在其期间，离子从纤维中提取出而进入溶液中。用ICP测量溶液中离子浓度，与原纤维试样中离子含量对比确定在搅动下长时间暴露于盐水中而排出的离子百分率。离子提取率应超过5％、优选超过25％、更优选超过50％、最优选超过90％。
垂直渗透性的测量
垂直渗透性用以下方法测定。此方法源于US5 562 642中公开的方法。
用Kamas Cell Mill(Kamas Industri AB，瑞典)装置形成粉碎的浆粕，再用于产生短纤维。用垫片成型设备(Buckeye TechnologiesInc.，Memphis，Tennessee)混合SAP颗粒和纤维制备14”×14”试验垫。构造基重为0.3g/in2的试验垫，压至O.15g/cc的密度。将试样模切成2 1/4”直径的圆片并在试验前调理。将圆片在强制通风炉中干燥，然后放在干燥器中直至进行渗透性试验。再将试样放至装有金属丝网制成的基底(试样平台)的立式圆筒中。参见图3所示垂直渗透性试验装置。所述立式圆筒的内径为2 1/4”。放在试样上的重量提供垂直于试样的约0.3lb/in2压力。将试样在流体(0.9％盐水)中饱和1小时。1小时后，将装有试样的立式圆筒固定在称重天平上(但不与之接触)。最初通过位于重心的3/8”孔用50ml 0.9％盐水损害试样。每25g流体移至所述天平添加25ml损害(insult)直至天平读数达100g。测量每单元时间被试样转移的流体定为给定试样的渗透性。还记录试样的吸收能力。
倾斜渗透性的测量
用以下方法测量倾斜渗透性。此方法源于US5 147 343中公开的方法。用Kamas Cell Mill(Kamas Industri AB，瑞典)装置形成粉碎的浆粕，再用于产生短纤维。用垫片成型设备混合SAP颗粒和纤维制备14”×14”试验垫。构造基重为0.22g/in2的试验垫，压至0.15g/cc的密度。将试样模切成11in2并在试验前调理。参见图1所示该方法所用倾斜渗透性试验装置。将渗透性试样放在以45°角倾斜的涂有特氟隆的块上。通过1/4”管与可垂直调节的流体储罐相连的流料箱放在此块上。试样垫的前边居中固定在流料箱上。所述流料箱设计有三个直径3/16”的孔，间隔9/16”。有一致的45°角的涂有特氟隆的上块放在所述试样垫上面。加润滑油的定位钉以60°角插入下块(试样平台)中防止上块滑动，使试样饱和后均匀膨胀。724.4g重与所述上块的重量一起提供垂直于试样的约0.3lbs/in2的压力。调节液体(0.9％盐水)液位产生并保持反弯月面。饱和时，试样垫通过将流体传送至位于试样下面的天平之上的已称皮重的接收容器中起虹吸管的作用。测量每单元时间被试样转移的液体确定流速。流速达到平衡后确定给定试样的渗透性。例如，图2示出在不同时间间隔下50％SAP和50％纤维素纤维混合物、和70％SAP和30％纤维素纤维混合物的倾斜渗透性。该图还显示与SAP混合的本发明纤维(实施例3)产生增加的渗透性。
渗透因子的计算
渗透因子由垂直渗透性和倾斜渗透性之和(gm/min)确定。所述总和如下获得：
渗透因子＝(垂直2+倾斜2)1/2
其中“垂直”渗透性和“倾斜”渗透性以gm/min表示。所述因子以无量纲数形式报告，但实际量纲为gm/min。
水平芯吸(芯利用率)的测量
将约4”×14”的水平芯吸试样放在有捕集“流失”流体(0.9％盐水)的边缘凹槽的水平平台上。实验室试验用芯或生产的尿布芯均可使用。对于实验室试验用芯，将切成3”×7”的来自商业尿布的获取-分布层(ADL)放在试样上，在此处引入流体。然后将第二块板放在所述试样和ADL之上。所述面板装有内径11/2”的损害液储罐。所述损害区域中心相对于所述试样距离所述损害液储罐前端或最近端5”。将两个10磅的砝码放在所述上块之上，与上块的重量一起提供垂直于试样的约0.40lbs/in2的压力。将三份100ml损害液间隔20分钟引入试样中。1小时后，拆卸所述试样，称重以确定液体从损害区域转移的距离。水平芯吸确定为基于g流体/g芯试样的最后三英寸之和。本发明吸收结构的水平芯吸因子大于10g/g，甚至大于40g/g。
以下实施例说明本发明而不限制其范围。
对比例1
将由4.5份纤维/100份浆液组成的来自Buckeye Technologies的漂白南方软木Kraft(BSSK)纤维浆用足量水稀释至0.9份纤维/100份浆液，将pH调至5.5。所得浆液在压片机上连续脱水，以1.0的冲/拉比(rush/drag ratio)形成片材，压出，然后通过三级加压使之密实形成48份纤维/100份浆液。将所述片材用常规转筒干燥器干燥至93.5％固体。将该片材卷在连续辊上。
在Kamas磨机中使来自所述辊的片材分离纤维。如前面所述对纤维进行离子提取试验。测得所述纤维的离子提取率为0％。用70％(重)SAP颗粒和30％(重)纤维的混合物试验芯如前面所述进行垂直和倾斜渗透试验。然后计算渗透因子。使用FAVORTM SXM 70 SAP(来自Stockhausen，Inc.)时，所得渗透因子为16。
对比例2
重复对比例1，但用SAP FAVORTM SXM 9100代替FAVORTM SXM70。所得渗透因子为141。
实施例1
如下处理纤维素纤维。将总共9.36份来自General ChemicalCorporation的水合硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3*14H2O)/100份来自BuckeyeTechnologies的漂白南方软木Kraft(BSSK)纤维加至由4.5份纤维/100份浆液组成的浆液中。所述浆液的pH为3.2。混合25分钟后，加入3.0份氢氧化钠/100份纤维及足量的水形成pH为5.7的0.9份纤维/100份浆液。将温度调至60℃。所得浆液在压片机上连续脱水，以1.0的冲/拉比形成片材，压伏，然后通过三级加压使之密实形成48份纤维/100份总量。将所述片材用常规转筒干燥器干燥至93.5％固体。在连续卷绕的同时，将50％柠檬酸溶液以2.5份/100份纤维的载荷喷涂在所述片材的一面上。然后将卷绕的片材定尺寸分成各个辊。
在Kamas磨机中使所述片材分离纤维，如前面所述进行离子提取试验。测得所述纤维的离子提取率为34％，铝含量为约7 500ppm。用70％(重)SAP颗粒和30％(重)纤维的混合物对试验芯进行垂直和倾斜渗透试验。使用FAVORTM SXM 70 SAP的渗透因子为31。
实施例2
重复实施例1，但所用SAP为FAVORTM SXM 9100。所得渗透因子为177。
实施例3
将由4.5份纤维/100份浆液组成的来自Buckeye Technologies的漂白南方软木Kraft(BSSK)纤维浆用足量水稀释至0.9份纤维/100份浆液，将pH调至5.5。所得浆液在压片机上连续脱水，以1.0的冲/拉比形成片材，压伏，然后通过三级加压使之密实形成48份纤维/100份浆液。将所述片材用常规转筒干燥器干燥至93.5％固体。将该片材卷在连续辊上。在卷绕的过程中，喷涂6.1份水合硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3*14H2O，50％水溶液)/100份纤维。所述纤维卷在连续辊上。定尺寸分成各个辊。
在Kamas磨机中使来自所述辊的片材分离纤维，测量离子提取率，为86％。纤维的铝含量为5500ppm。用70％(重)SAP颗粒和30％(重)纤维的混合物试验芯如前面所述进行垂直和倾斜渗透试验。使用FAVORTM SXM 70 SAP的渗透因子为44。
实施例4
重复实施例3，但纤维的铝含量为5445ppm，所用SAP为FAVORTM SMX9100。所得渗透因子为212。离子提取率为86％。
实施例5
将12.1g硝酸铁(Fe(NO3)3)(Fisher Chemical Co.)/152g来自Buckeye Technologies的漂白南方软木Kraft(BSSK)纤维加至4.5份纤维/100份浆液中。所述浆液的pH为2.76。混合并稀释至0.9份纤维/100份浆液后，加入27.1ml 10％氢氧化钠将pH调至5.7。所得浆液在动态手抄纸成形设备(Formette Dynamique Brevet，CentreTechnique de L’Industrie，Ateliers de Construction Allimand，Appareil No.48)上脱水，压至48份纤维/100份总量。将所述片材干燥至93.5％固体。干燥后，将2.5份50％柠檬酸溶液/100份纤维涂于所述片材上。
如上所述在Kamas磨机中使所述试样片分离纤维。如上所述对形成的试验芯测量渗透性，所述试验芯为70％(重)FAVORTM SXM 9100和30％(重)纤维的混合物。计算出渗透因子为178。
实施例6
将9.36份水合硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3*14H2O)/100份来自BuckeyeTechnologies的漂白南方软木Kraft(BSSK)纤维加至由4.5份纤维/100份浆液组成的浆液中。加完硫酸铝后，所述浆液的pH为3.2。混合25分钟后，加入3.0份氢氧化钠/100份纤维及足量的水形成pH为5.7的0.9份纤维/100份浆液，温度为60℃。所得浆液在压片机上连续脱水，以1.0的冲/拉比形成片材，压伏，然后通过三级加压使之密实形成48份纤维/100份总量。将所述片材干燥至93.5％固体。通过喷涂溶液向此试样片施加3份来自Aldrich Chemical Company的1，2，3，4-丁烷四甲酸(BTCA)/100份纤维。
在Kamas磨机中使所述片材分离纤维，测得所述纤维的离子提取率为12.4％。所有渗透因子试验均用70％(重)FAVORTM SXM 70 SAP颗粒和30％(重)纤维制成的垫进行。测得渗透因子为38。
实施例7
将9.36份水合硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3*14H2O)/100份来自BuckeyeTechnologies的漂白南方软木Kraft(BSSK)纤维加至由4.5份纤维/100份浆液组成的浆液中。加完硫酸铝后，所述浆液的pH为3.2。混合25分钟后，加入3.0份氢氧化钠/100份纤维及足量的水形成pH为5.7的0.9份纤维/100份浆液，温度为60℃。所得浆液在压片机上连续脱水，以1.0的冲/拉比形成片材，压伏，然后通过三级加压使之密实形成48份纤维/100份总量。将所述片材干燥至93.5％固体。通过喷涂向此试样片施加1份来自Aldrich Chemical Company的对甲苯磺酸(PTSA)/100份纤维。
在Kamas磨机中使所述片材分离纤维，测得所述纤维的离子提取率为13.4％。所有渗透因子试验均用70％(重)FAVORTM SXM 70 SAP和30％(重)纤维制成的试验芯进行。测得渗透因子为32。
实施例8
由Buckeye Technologies Inc.得到片材形式的高孔隙度工业纤维(HPZ)。所述纤维的WRV为78.7，卷缩率为51％，α-纤维素含量为96.5％。将7.7份十八水合硫酸铝(Aldrich Chemical Company)/100份纤维喷涂于所述片材上。
测得所述纤维的离子提取率为100％。用30％(重)纤维和70％(重)FAVORTM SXM 9100 SAP制备试验垫，测量渗透性。渗透因子为241。
实施例9
由Buckeye Technologies Inc.得到片材形式的高纯度工业棉纤维(GR702)。将7.7份十八水合硫酸铝/100份纤维喷涂于所述片材上。
测得所述纤维的离子提取率为99.0％。用30％(重)纤维和70％(重)FAVORTM SXM 9100 SAP制备试验垫，测量渗透性。渗透因子为219。
实施例10
如US5190563中所公开的将4.7％柠檬酸和1.6％次磷酸钠涂于南方软木Kraft浆粕制备纤维。在340下单纤化和固化7.5min.后，所述浆粕的WRV为44，卷缩率为约75％。通过喷涂3.42份水合硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3*14H2O)/100份纤维处理所述单纤维，使之干燥。测得所述纤维的离子提取率为49.8％。测得所述纤维的铝含量为10 869ppm。用30％(重)所述处理纤维和70％(重)FAVORTM SXM 9100 SAP制备试验垫，测量渗透因子。渗透因子为231。
实施例11
选择来自BBA公司的合成亲水性非织造材料(产品号H018B7W)，用1.03g十八水合硫酸铝/ft2材料喷涂处理，使之干燥。用30％(重)来自Bucheye Technologies的漂白南方软木Kraft(BSSK)和70％(重)FAVORTM SXM 9100 SAP制备试验垫，用所述处理的非织造材料作为面片，测量渗透因子。渗透因子为191。
实施例12
如芯生产方法中所述，将2.4份粉末形式的十八水合硫酸铝(51.3％硫酸铝)加至100份30％(重)纤维和70％(重)SAP芯中，制备渗透性改善的吸收芯。有70％FAVORTM SXM 9100 SAP的渗透因子为207。
实施例13
将由4.5份纤维/100份浆液组成的来自Buckeye Technologies的漂白南方软木Kraft(BSSK)纤维浆用足量水稀释至0.9份纤维/100份浆液，将pH调至5.5。所得浆液在压片机上连续脱水，以1.0的冲/拉比形成片材，压伏，然后用12.35份水合硫酸铝和3.17份次磷酸钠/100份纤维喷射处理，然后通过三级加压使之密实形成48份纤维/100份浆液。将所述片材用常规转筒干燥器干燥至93.5％固体。所述纤维卷在连续辊上。定尺寸分成各个辊。
在Kamas磨机中使来自所述辊的片材分离纤维，测量离子提取率，为95％。用30％(重)纤维和70％(重)FAVORTM SXM 9100制得的试验芯，测定渗透因子为216。
实施例14
将9.36份水合硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3*14H2O)/100份来自BuckeyeTechnologies的漂白南方软木Kraft(BSSK)纤维加至由4.5份纤维/100份浆液组成的浆液中。所述浆液的pH为3.2。混合25分钟后，加入3.0份氢氧化钠/100份纤维及足量的水形成pH为5.7的0.9份纤维/100份浆液，温度为60℃。所得浆液在压片机上连续脱水，以1.0的冲/拉比形成片材，压伏，然后用12.35份水合硫酸铝和3.17份次磷酸钠/100份纤维喷射处理，然后通过三级加压使之密实形成48份纤维/100份浆液。将所述片材用常规转筒干燥器干燥至93.5％圆体。所述纤维卷在连续辊上。定尺寸分成各个辊。
在Kamas磨机中使所述片材分离纤维，测得所述纤维的离子提取率为38.2％，铝含量为9475ppm。用30％(重)纤维和70％(重)FAVORTMSXM 9100制成的试验芯，测得渗透因子为213。
实施例15
使3份(重)脱纤化疏松纤维与7份(重)预处理的FAVORTM SXM9100 SAP混合制备吸收芯。所述FAVORTM SXM 9100 SAP已用3.7份干十八水合硫酸铝/100份SAP的十八水合硫酸铝水溶液预处理，在125℃干燥3小时，粉碎，筛分至粒度与未处理SAP相同。测得此芯的渗透因子为187。
实施例16
使3份(重)脱纤化疏松纤维与7份(重)预处理的FAVORTM SXM9100 SAP混合制备吸收芯。所述FAVORTM SXM 9100 SAP已用3.7份干十八水合硫酸铝/100份SAP的十八水合硫酸铝的甲醇溶液预处理，在排风罩中风干除去可见液体，在40℃下烘干2小时。测得此芯的渗透因子为268。
由上述实施例说明，当使用FAVORTM SXM 70 SAP时，渗透因子大于16，且当使用FAVORTM SXM 9100 SAP时，渗透因子大于140。

Claims (39)

1.一种吸收结构，包含：
(a)与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5％；
(b)超吸收聚合物颗粒；和
(c)与所述纤维结合的可电离酸。
2.权利要求1的结构，其中所述酸的存在量在所述纤维的0.5％和10％重量之间。
3.权利要求1的结构，其中所述酸为有至少两个羧酸基的有机酸。
4.权利要求3的结构，其中所述酸选自C2-C12有机酸。
5.权利要求3的结构，其中所述酸为柠檬酸。
6.权利要求5的结构，其中所述柠檬酸的存在量在所述纤维的0.5％和3％重量之间。
7.权利要求1的结构，其中所述酸为聚合型羧酸。
8.权利要求1的结构，其中所述酸为磺酸。
9.权利要求1的结构，其中所述酸为聚合型磺酸。
10.权利要求1的结构，其中所述酸选自柠檬酸、丁烷四甲酸、天冬氨酸、苹果酸、马来酸、酒石酸、对甲苯磺酸及其混合物。
11.一种吸收结构，包含：
(a)与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5％；
(b)超吸收聚合物颗粒；和
(c)与所述纤维结合的还原剂。
12.权利要求11的结构，其中所述还原剂选自次磷酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠及其混合物。
13.一种吸收结构，包含：
(a)与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5％；和
(b)超吸收聚合物颗粒，其中所述颗粒的存在量在所述纤维和颗粒的60％和80％重量之间。
14.一种吸收结构，包含：
获取层；与所述获取层流体相通的贮存层，所述贮存层包括(i)与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5％，(ii)超吸收聚合物颗粒，和(iii)与所述纤维结合的可电离酸。
15.一种吸收结构，包含：
获取层；与所述获取层流体相通的贮存层，所述贮存层包括(i)与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5％，(ii)超吸收聚合物颗粒，和(iii)与所述纤维结合的还原剂。
16.一种吸收结构，包含：
获取层；与所述获取层流体相通的贮存层，所述贮存层包括与含多价阳离子的化合物混合的亲水性纤维、和超吸收聚合物颗粒，还包含与所述纤维结合的可电离酸。
17.一种一次性吸收制品，包含：
包括可渗透液体的面片和不渗透液体的背片的壳架；和在所述面片和所述背片之间的吸收结构，所述吸收结构包括：
与所述面片流体相通的获取层；和与所述获取层流体相通的贮存层，所述贮存层包括(i)与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5％，(ii)超吸收聚合物颗粒，和(iii)与所述纤维结合的可电离酸。
18.一种一次性吸收制品，包含：
包括可渗透液体的面片和不渗透液体的背片的壳架；和在所述面片和所述背片之间的吸收结构，所述吸收结构包括：
与所述面片流体相通的获取层；和与所述获取层流体相通的贮存层，所述贮存层包括(i)与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5％，(ii)超吸收聚合物颗粒，和(iii)与所述纤维结合的还原剂。
19.一种一次性吸收制品，包含：
包括可渗透液体的面片和不渗透液体的背片的壳架；和在所述面片和所述背片之间的吸收结构，所述吸收结构包括：
与所述面片流体相通的获取层；和与所述荻取层流体相通的贮存层，所述贮存层包括与含多价阳离子的化合物混合的纤维和超吸收聚合物颗粒，还包含与所述纤维结合的可电离酸。
20.一种一次性吸收制品，包含：
包括可渗透液体的面片和不渗透液体的背片的壳架；和在所述面片和所述背片之间的吸收结构，所述吸收结构包括：
与所述面片流体相通的获取层，所述获取层包括与含多价阳离子的化合物混合的纤维；和与所述获取层流体相通的贮存层，所述贮存层包括纤维和超吸收聚合物颗粒，还包含存在于所述获取层中的可电离酸。
21.一种一次性吸收制品，包含：
包括可渗透液体的面片和不渗透液体的背片的壳架；和在所述面片和所述背片之间的吸收结构，所述吸收结构包括：
与所述面片流体相通的获取层；与所述获取层流体相通的分布层，所述分布层包括与含多价阳离子的化合物混合的纤维；和与所述分布层流体相通的贮存层，所述贮存层包括纤维和超吸收聚合物颗粒，还包含与所述分布层的纤维结合的可电离酸。
22.一种吸收结构，包含：
与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，其中所述多价阳离子的存在量为所述纤维的0.25％至5％重量，所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5％；和超吸收聚合物颗粒，其存在量在所述纤维和颗粒的50％和80％重量之间，所述吸收结构的渗透因子大于16。
23.权利要求22的吸收结构，其中所述渗透因子大于140。
24.一种吸收结构，包含：
与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，其中所述多价阳离子的存在量为所述纤维的0.25％至5％重量，所述纤维的离子提取因子为至少5％；和超吸收聚合物颗粒，其存在量在所述纤维和颗粒的50％和80％重量之间，所述吸收结构的水平芯吸因子大于10g/g。
25.权利要求1的吸收结构，其中所述多价阳离子是过渡金属离子。
26.权利要求1的吸收结构，其中所述含多价阳离子的化合物是氢氧化铝且所述可电离酸是柠檬酸。
27.与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，所述纤维的离子提取因子至少为5％，并且所述纤维还包含与至少一种纤维结合的可电离酸。
28.权利要求27的纤维，其中所述酸的存在量在所述纤维的0.5％和10％重量之间。
29.权利要求27的纤维，其中所述酸为有至少两个羧酸基的有机酸。
30.权利要求29的纤维，其中所述酸选自C2-C12有机酸。
31.权利要求29的纤维，其中所述酸为柠檬酸。
32.权利要求31的纤维，其中所述柠檬酸的存在量在所述纤维的0.5％和3％重量之间。
33.权利要求27的纤维，其中所述酸为聚合型羧酸。
34.权利要求27的纤维，其中所述酸为磺酸。
35.权利要求27的纤维，其中所述酸为聚合型磺酸。
36.权利要求27的纤维，其中所述酸是草酸。
37.权利要求27的纤维，其中所述酸选自柠檬酸、丁烷四甲酸、天冬氨酸、苹果酸、马来酸、酒石酸、对甲苯磺酸及其混合物。
38.与含多价阳离子的化合物结合的纤维，所述纤维的离子提取因子至少为5％，并且所述纤维还包含与所述纤维结合的还原剂。
39.权利要求38的纤维，其中所述还原剂选自次磷酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠及其混合物。
CNB998149861A 1998-12-24 1999-12-22 化学处理的纤维、包括该种纤维的吸收结构以及包括该种吸收结构的一次性吸收制品 Expired - Lifetime CN1281202C (zh)

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US6770576B2 (en) 2004-08-03
WO2000038607A1 (en) 2000-07-06
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CA2356651A1 (en) 2000-07-06
AR029448A1 (es) 2003-07-02
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EP1139961A4 (en) 2009-06-03
AR045181A2 (es) 2005-10-19
US20040224588A1 (en) 2004-11-11
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CN1354645A (zh) 2002-06-19
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