CN1262607A - 椎间植入物 - Google Patents

椎间植入物 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1262607A
CN1262607A CN99800334A CN99800334A CN1262607A CN 1262607 A CN1262607 A CN 1262607A CN 99800334 A CN99800334 A CN 99800334A CN 99800334 A CN99800334 A CN 99800334A CN 1262607 A CN1262607 A CN 1262607A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
intervertebral implant
wedge
antetheca
implant
rear wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN99800334A
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English (en)
Inventor
于尔根·哈姆斯
卢茨·比德曼
托马斯·维希曼
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG
Publication of CN1262607A publication Critical patent/CN1262607A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0069Three-dimensional shapes cylindrical
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0082Three-dimensional shapes parallelepipedal
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0004Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof adjustable
    • A61F2250/0006Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof adjustable for adjusting angular orientation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00023Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys

Abstract

提供一椎间植入物,它具有:两个彼此有一段距离的侧壁(1、2),一个将侧壁连在其一端上的前壁(3),一将侧壁连接在与其相反的另一端上的后壁(4),和各自一个在垂直于前述壁延伸的底面和顶面上的孔;至少一个设置在由前述壁包围的空间(5)中的元件(60、61),后者具有一朝向顶面或底面的表面;元件可在一第一端部位置和一第二端部位置之间往返移动,在第一端部位置,表面至少部分地越过底面或顶面向外突出,在第二端部位置,表面不会越过底面或顶面突出。

Description

椎间植入物
本发明涉及一椎间植入物,它具有两个彼此有一段距离的侧壁,一个将侧壁连接在其一端上的前壁,一将侧壁连接在与其相反的另一端上的后壁,和各自一个在垂直于前述壁延伸的底面和顶面上的孔。
这种植入物在去掉椎间盘后插入,以便稳定椎间空间,直至同时放入的骨骼材料成为骨质连续结构和增强。
从DE 19529605 C2知道有一种椎间植入物。该植入物有两个最初弯入一空穴的钩形段,后者在将植入物插在两个椎骨块之后通过拧入一具有锥形段的螺旋向外移至一接合位置。这种装置的缺点为,具有夹具的臂在其往后缩的位置不能向后移动,以致不可能在推出夹具以后通过手术医生改变植入物的位置。
从DE 19549426C2知道有一种椎间植入物,其中,一个中空体的两个端部通过插入一个具有一截锥形段的螺旋将其从一个最初是弯在一起的位置移至一彼此相压的位置。设在外侧的齿在彼此相压的位置与相邻的椎骨块接合。此处同样有这样的缺点,即在齿初次彼此相压和与相邻的椎骨块接合之后,不可能返回,以用于更换或重新调整。
从US 5522899知道有一种椎间植入物。它包括一由一矩形底形成的下部,该底具有两个从其按直角延伸的侧壁,后者做成矩形并在其中间区各自有一从底部向旁边延伸的突出的舌部。此外,设有一上部,它有一相应的矩形底和两个通往下部按直角向底部延伸的侧壁,后者各自有一用于接纳下部的舌的段。两个底的各自彼此相向的侧面做成楔段形并且将尺寸如此做成,以致在彼此相向的两个底之间形成一自由空间。在此自由空间中设有两个其底面彼此相反的楔,后者有彼此同心的孔。第一楔的孔是不带螺纹的并用作一螺旋的导向,而第二楔的孔具有内螺纹,后者与螺旋的螺纹对应。螺旋的长度要如此选择,以致当两个楔处于其最大的间距时,螺旋能穿过第一楔拧入第二楔中,在此最大间距时,两个楔形元件布置成彼此处于最小的间距。通过转动螺旋,第二楔将沿朝第一楔的方向被拉曳,以致两个楔形元件的间距由此加大。其结果为,螺旋的自由端从第二楔中出来。由于螺旋本身未沿其长度相对于其它元件被导向,因此,两个零件的相对于其余元件的运动也不会受力或形状相配地预先确定。
本发明的目的是提供一改进的前述类型的椎间植入物。
此目的将通过在权利要求1中说明的椎间植入物实现。
本发明的改进在从属权利要求中说明。
齿的可相对于行程调节的移出和移进使之有可能单独与椎骨端板的各自的解剖学形状相配。此外,还可通过调节齿高彼此控制椎骨的间距。
本发明的其它特点和合理性可参考附图从实施例的说明得出。在附图中:
图1用分解图示出一椎间植入物的第一实施例的透视图;
图2用侧视图示出了具有插入的椎间植入物的脊椎柱;
图3用放大的比例示出了图2的细节;
图4示出了椎间植入物的俯视图;
图5示出了椎间植入物的侧视图;
图6示出了椎间植入物的正视图;
图7示出了沿图6的IV-IV线的通过椎间植入物的剖视图,齿处于往回缩的位置;
图8示出了沿图6的IV-IV线的通过椎间植入物的剖视图,齿处于伸出的位置;
图9示出第二实施形式的与图7对应的剖视图;
图10示出第二实施形式的与图8对应的剖视图;
如最好从图1和4至6看出的那样,植入物有一第一侧壁1、一与之隔开一段距离相对地设置的第二侧壁2和一将两个侧壁1、2在其一端连接起来的前壁3以及一用于将两个侧壁在其相对的一端连接起来的与前壁相对的后壁4。如最好从图1可看出的那样,底面和顶面是敞开的,以致四个壁包围成一个上面和下面敞开的空穴5。如最好从图5可看出的那样,两个侧壁1和2有多个沿壁分布的凹座6,它们最好做成菱形。
如最好从图1和6至8看出的那样,在前壁3和后壁4上在中间在侧壁之间各自设有一个同心地与另外一个孔对齐的孔7、7′。孔7、7′的中心8各自以相等的距离离开植入物的上缘和下缘9、9′,从而位于前壁和后壁的中间。孔7、7′有一位于前壁和后壁的外侧的具有第一直径的第一区10,和一与其相邻的、与空穴5接通的具有第二直径的第二区11,其中,第二直径略小于第一直径。由此,第二区11形成一肩部。
每个侧壁1、2有孔12、13和12′、13′,它们大致居中地设置在前板与后板之间,与植入物的上面和下面的自由边缘9、9′隔开一段距离,此时,侧壁12的各自相对地置放的孔12、12′和13、33′是彼此共轴线的。
如最好从图1和7及8看出的那样,在成对的共轴线的孔7、7′中插入一丝杠15。该丝杠15有一第一端16和一与其位置相对的第二端17。在第一端16和第二端17之间分别设置一第一螺纹段18和一第二螺纹段19,第一螺纹段从离开第一端16某一距离处开始延伸,直至差不多到丝杠的中点20,第二螺纹从离开第二端17某一距离处开始延伸,直至差不多到丝杠的中点20。第一螺纹段18的螺距与第二螺纹段19的螺距走向是相反的。与第一端16和第二端17相邻,丝杠各自有一第一六角头21和一第二六角头22。
特别如从图6至8所看到的那样,丝杠15的每一端16、17不可旋转地插在相应的支承元件(或支承轴颈)25、26中,后者本身又各自可旋转地支承在孔7、7′中,而且其外表面齐平地与前壁或后壁封闭。每个支承元件25、26是作为一个零件形成的,该零件具有一有一第一外径的第一圆柱形段27、27′和一与之相邻的有一第二外径的第二圆柱形段29、29′,其中,第二外径大于第一外径。由此,第二段29、29′各自形成一越过第一段突出的环形台肩。第一段和第二段的直径要如此选择,以使支承元件25和26可推入前壁和后壁的孔7、7′中,以及在推入状态,通过第二区形成的支承件的台肩靠在孔7、7′的肩部上。支承件25和26的第一段27和27′有一六角形孔34和34′,它们在圆柱形段27的里面从与第二段29和29′相对的端部开始延伸,孔的长度尺寸对应于丝杠15的端部段21和22的尺寸,在孔中还可分别精确配合地插入丝杠15的端部区21和22。一共轴线的六角形孔38、38′沿第一段27、27′的方向从每个支承件25、26的各自相对的一端延伸,以便在里面与一六角头螺钉扳手接合。由此就有可能使手术医生从两侧接近植入物并将其调整。
如同特别从图1、7和8所看到的那样,在丝杠15的每个螺纹段18、19有一楔形元件45、46。楔形元件45、46各自被具有矩形横截面的前表面47、47′和后表面48、48′界限,此二表面彼此平行平垂直于丝杠轴线延伸,此时,前表面47、47′有一比后表面48、48′小的横截面。前表面与后表面通过两个相互对置的梯形侧面49、49′和各自一个具有矩形横截面的顶面51、51′和底面52、52′连接,由此形成一个楔。
楔形元件45各自有一经过前表面和后表面穿过的螺纹孔55,后者具有与丝杠15的螺纹段18的外螺纹对应的内螺纹。此楔形元件46同样有一经过前表面和后表面穿过的螺纹孔55,后者具有与丝杠15的螺纹段19的外螺纹对应的内螺纹。楔形元件45和46如此拧在丝杠15的各自的螺纹段18和19上,以致其各自的顶面51、51′和其各自的底面52、52′互相倾斜。
在楔形元件45、46的以后均称为楔形面的互相倾斜的顶面51、51′之间和互相倾斜的底面52、52′之间各自放入一元件60和61,后者在其朝向楔形元件的其形状为一山墙的下侧形成两个彼此倾斜地延伸的表面63、64和63′、64′。表面63、64和63′、64′的倾斜角与楔形元件的楔角相对应。在其离开丝杠15的一侧,每个接合部分60和61各自有一具有矩形轮廓的表面。在前壁3和后壁4之间,沿纵向看去,每个元件有一平行于前壁和后壁3、4并垂直于元件表面延伸的U字形槽67,其底部朝着元件的下侧。如同特别从图1和图4所看到的那样,表面上有齿68,后者布置在正方形的轮廓上。在齿之间各自有一大致为圆形的凹座69,从而在正方形的轮廓上设置的齿各自形成一齿圈。
在中间,在前壁与后壁3、4之间,离开底面和顶面一段距离,各自延伸一平行于前壁和后壁延伸的销钉70、71,后者固定在相对的侧壁上。销钉70、71的直径略小于U字形槽67的直径。如同从图所看到的那样,销钉位于U字形槽67中并由此形成一用于可移动的元件的导向,同时以其底部形成一用于限制元件向外移动的挡块·销钉70、71的布置和U字形槽67的深度要彼此如此协调,以使各自的元件越过底面和顶面的往外移出的最大高度通过销钉的相对位置和槽的深度来确定。
楔形元件45、46、丝杠15的螺纹段18、19和接合部分60、61的尺寸以及螺纹的螺距要如此选择,以使接合部分60、61能从图7所示的第一位置和图8所示的第二位置移动,在第一位置,齿68位于边缘9、9′的下方,在第二位置,齿越过植入物的各自的边缘9、9′向外突出。
移入物用亲人体的材料如钛制造。
在操作时,首先用一六角形螺钉扳手通过转动丝杠15将楔形元件45、46置于图7所示位置,此时,背面48靠在植入物的前壁和后壁3、4的朝向空穴5的一侧上。由此,每个接合部分60、61都位于其最深的位置上,在此位置,齿68不越过植入物的边缘突出。由此,植入物可容易地插入椎骨之间的空间中,而且没有损伤柔软部分或椎骨端板的危险。当植入物在椎骨之间正确地定位在其位置上时,则用一六角形螺钉扳手通过转动丝杠15使两个楔形元件45、46彼此移动,由此,通过相互倾斜的楔形表面各自在各自的接合部分的倾斜表面63、64或63′、64′上作用一个力并将接合部分往上抬,直至齿68越过植入物的边缘突出,并可特别如图2和3所示,由此紧紧抓住椎骨块。接合部分60、61的移出通过由杆70、71形成的挡块被限制在一在图8中示出的上升高度上,在此高度,各自的接合部分的齿68越过植入物的边缘突出。
通过用丝杠传递工具的旋转运动,以及通过楔形元件,有可能精确地调节接合部分的升程并由此使植入物单独地与个别病人的椎骨端板的解剖学形状相配。
形成其形状为与圆柱段形凹座67接合的杆70、71的用于接合部分60、61的挡块,就可使接合部分60、61在其最上面的位置可绕各自的杆70、71旋转地被支承。这样接合部分就能自己定心,此时,有齿68的表面跟随各自的椎骨块的端板的解剖学形状。由于有丝杠,接合部分不可能自己松开。只有通过用工具往回旋转,才能使接合部分60、61往回走,此时,由椎骨作用在接合部分上的压力就将接合部分压入植入物穴5中。由此,齿再次从椎骨块端板上松开。
在图1至8所示的第一实施例中,两个楔形元件,连同其楔角,以及两个各自要被移出的元件,连同其共同作用的楔面或其角度,都要彼此如此协调,以使要被移出的元件,连同其上表面,总是平行于底面和顶面对齐。因此,当从腹部侧进行手术时,这种实施形式常常可以用得很好,这是因为,相邻的椎骨块在腹部侧的间距大于在背部侧的间距。图9和10中所示出的实施形式是特别为这样一种情况设置的,在该情况下,元件要从背面插在两个相邻的椎骨块之间。对于进一步的描述,彼此对应的部分常常采用与在第一实施形式中所代表的相同的参考数字。
在实施例中,侧壁做成矩形有这样的后果,即底面与顶面彼此平行地延伸。如同由图9所看到的那样,楔形元件45、46在初始位置处于各自朝前壁和后壁向后拧直至碰上的位置。元件60和61由此放置在由侧壁和前壁与后壁包围的空穴内,以致其高度等于相邻的椎骨之间的间隙的高度的长方六面体可相应地插入其最狭的地方。
与第一实施形式不同,两个丝杠段18′、19′不仅有彼此相反的螺纹方向,而且另外,两个段的螺距也不相同。此时,如同从图10所见到的那样,段19′的螺距要如此预先规定为比段18′的螺距大许多,以致在图10所示的销钉70、71靠在U字形槽的底部上的倚靠位置,元件60、61以其上表面彼此形成一楔角,由此,由于段19′的螺距较大,当转动丝杠时,楔形元件45要比楔形元件49走过较大的路径。
由此可以做到,将按上面所述的方式在图9中所示的状态插入的椎间植入物在插入位置做成在图10中所示的伸出的位置,以使两个元件60和61能相应地伸入两个相邻的椎骨块之间的间隙斜坡并靠在两个椎骨块上。此时,不需要转动丝杠,直至各个元件靠在销钉70、71上。还可以选择中间位置。
装置的改变是可能的。例如可以设置峰尖或任意其它允许与骨骼材料接合的表面结构,以代替齿68。

Claims (12)

1.椎间植入物,它具有:两个彼此有一段距离的侧壁(1,2),一个将侧壁连接在其一端上的前壁(3),一个与前壁相对的后壁(4)和各自一个在垂直于前述壁延伸的底面和顶面上的孔;至少一个设置在由前述壁包围的空间(5)中的元件(60、61),后者具有一朝向顶面或底面的表面;和一个与该元件共同作用的调节元件,后者如此支承在前壁或后壁上,以使元件可前后在一第一端部位置和第二端部位置之间往返移动,在第一端部位置,表面不会越过底面或顶面突出,在第二端部位置,表面至少部分地越过底面或顶面向外突出。
2.如权利要求1的椎间植入物,其特征为,在由各个壁包围的空间(5)中设置一丝杠(15),它具有两个有反向的螺距的段(18、19),丝杠以其一端(16)可旋转地支承在前壁或后壁中,并在其上如此支承两个以其底部彼此背向的楔形元件(45、46),以使当按一个方向转动丝杠时,元件彼此相向地移动,而当按相反的方向转动丝杠时,楔形表面彼此离开地移动,同时这些楔形元件作用在元件上,使其移动。
3.如权利要求1或2的椎间植入物,其特征为,设有两个元件(60、61)。
4.如权利要求1至3的任一项的椎间植入物,其特征为,元件在其离开表面的一侧各自有一山墙形的相交的表面(63、64;63′、64′),以及楔形元件与各自的元件的倾斜表面接合。
5.如权利要求1至4的任一项的椎间植入物,其特征为,每个元件的表面有齿(68),以压入相邻的骨骼材料中。
6.如权利要求1至5的任一项的椎间植入物,其特征为,设置一挡块(70、67;71、67′),以限制每个元件的向外的移动。
7.如权利要求6的椎间植入物,其特征为,挡块通过一基本平行于前壁和后壁延伸并支承在侧壁中的销钉(70;71)形成。
8.如权利要求1至7的任一项的椎间植入物,其特征为,侧壁(1、2)做成梯形,以使形成一楔段形体部。
9.如权利要求1至8的任一项的椎间植入物,其特征为,楔形元件有不同的楔角。
10.如权利要求1至9的任一项的椎间植入物,其特征为,两个丝杠段有不同的螺距。
11.如权利要求1至10的任一项的椎间植入物,其特征为,元件的表面在其第二位置有一相对于底面和顶面倾斜的位置。
12.如权利要求7至11的任一项的椎间植入物,其特征为,元件各自有一垂直于其表面延伸的U字形槽,在槽中,有一销钉被导向。
CN99800334A 1998-02-20 1999-02-19 椎间植入物 Pending CN1262607A (zh)

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DE19807236A DE19807236C2 (de) 1998-02-20 1998-02-20 Zwischenwirbelimplantat
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CN107072794A (zh) * 2014-07-15 2017-08-18 阿比菲克斯有限公司 脊柱架
CN107072794B (zh) * 2014-07-15 2018-10-12 阿比菲克斯有限公司 脊柱架
CN106073876A (zh) * 2016-08-10 2016-11-09 邹德威 融合器
CN107224341A (zh) * 2017-07-17 2017-10-03 博能华医疗器械(北京)有限公司 一种可撑开式椎间融合器
CN107224341B (zh) * 2017-07-17 2023-05-16 博能华医疗器械(北京)有限公司 一种可撑开式椎间融合器

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EP0977529B1 (de) 2003-02-12
JP2000513263A (ja) 2000-10-10
KR20010012068A (ko) 2001-02-15
WO1999042062A1 (de) 1999-08-26
US6176882B1 (en) 2001-01-23
EP0977529A1 (de) 2000-02-09
ATE232374T1 (de) 2003-02-15
DE19807236A1 (de) 1999-09-09
DE59904262D1 (de) 2003-03-20
TW390200U (en) 2000-05-11
JP3522288B2 (ja) 2004-04-26
DE19807236C2 (de) 2000-06-21

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