CN1224450C - 改进的薄膜过滤系统 - Google Patents

改进的薄膜过滤系统 Download PDF

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CN1224450C
CN1224450C CNB018171036A CN01817103A CN1224450C CN 1224450 C CN1224450 C CN 1224450C CN B018171036 A CNB018171036 A CN B018171036A CN 01817103 A CN01817103 A CN 01817103A CN 1224450 C CN1224450 C CN 1224450C
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packing elements
membrane filtration
filtration system
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liquid
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CN1468140A (zh
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沃伦·T·约翰逊
彼得·罗杰斯
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Siemens Water Treatment Technology Co ltd
Evoqua Water Technologies LLC
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USF Filtration and Separations Group Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
    • B01D63/082—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes
    • B01D63/0821—Membrane plate arrangements for submerged operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/20—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • B01D63/04—Hollow fibre modules comprising multiple hollow fibre assemblies
    • B01D63/046—Hollow fibre modules comprising multiple hollow fibre assemblies in separate housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
    • B01D63/069—Tubular membrane modules comprising a bundle of tubular membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
    • B01D2315/06—Submerged-type; Immersion type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/04—Backflushing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/18—Use of gases
    • B01D2321/185—Aeration

Abstract

本发明涉及一种减少多孔薄膜过滤系统中所需供给液量的方法的装置，其中该薄膜过滤系统具有浸入一定量需要被过滤的供给液内的若干多孔薄膜(6)，该方法包括在需要被过滤的供给液内提供填充元件(9)的步骤。

Description

改进的薄膜过滤系统
发明领域
本发明涉及一种薄膜过滤系统，尤其涉及那些在开口到外部环境的槽或室内应用多孔或可渗透薄膜的薄膜过滤系统。
背景技术
本说明书中任何对现有技术的描述并不能认为是已经承认这种现有技术已经为广泛熟知或成为本领域的公知常识。
多孔薄膜过滤系统需要经常反洗薄膜，以便保持过滤效率或流量，同时减小在杂质堵塞薄膜孔时会增加的横跨膜的压力(TMP)。通常，在反洗循环中，利用高压气体、液体或两者使杂质离开薄膜孔并进入供给槽或室。随后从槽中排出或冲走上述包含由薄膜挡住的杂质和沉积物的液体。
从槽中排出的废液通常以对环境安全的方式需要处置或重新处理，这样考虑到环境影响和成本，废液量的任何减少都会看成是有利的。
对槽进行排放或冲洗，尤其在使用大批薄膜时，会需要时间，这就会带来过滤循环的停工时间。为了减小这种停工时间，就需要较大的排放系统，以便快速排放和再充满所述槽。在槽或室成排设置而通过供给来再充满所述槽时，在再充满过程中就可能会在其它室内造成高度水平降低。这同样会影响过滤系统的效率。
另外，已经发现在应用气泡冲洗薄膜的过滤系统中，有利的是将气泡尽可能多地限定在薄膜区域内，有助于清洗工艺。
减小反洗量同样会减少某些系统中需要的化学清洗剂用量。这就具有双重好处：减小了化学用剂方面的成本，同时也减小了废物处理成本。
已经发现有利的是减小过滤室内的供给液用量，以便改进上述缺点并提供至少某些上述的有益效果。
发明内容
本发明用于克服上述现有技术中的一种或多种缺点，提供上述，以简便经济的方式通过减小提供给多孔薄膜的供给量，提供一种或多种上述有益效果或至少提供有利实施例。
根据一方面，本发明提供了一种减少薄膜过滤系统中所需供给液量的方法，其中该薄膜过滤系统具有浸入一定量需要被过滤的供给液内的若干多孔薄膜，该方法包括在需要被过滤的供给液内提供填充元件的步骤。
最好地，所述填充元件基本填满多孔薄膜之间的空间，同时仍允许与薄膜保持液体流通。
根据另一方面，本发明提供了一种薄膜过滤系统，该系统具有浸入一定量需要被过滤的供给液内的若干多孔薄膜，其中在多孔薄膜之间的空间中提供有一个或多个填充元件，以便减少供给液量。
在一个最佳形式中，上述薄膜为成束设置的多孔中空纤维薄膜，以便形成薄膜模块。该模块浸入设置在开口到大气压力的一个槽或室中的一定量供给液内。在本发明的这一形式中，模块之间的空间至少部分被一个或多个填充元件所填充。
最好地，上述填充元件每个都由若干装配在一起形成整体的元件构成。这就使得填充元件组装在薄膜模块周围，而无需除去这些模块。这有助于最初的设置以及更换和维修管理。
上述填充元件可以包括球体，最好为中空，这样就能装在薄膜周围来填充空间。上述球体最好其尺寸能避免阻塞或穿过与该过滤系统相联的任何进口/出口或阀门。
附图描述
以下借助附图利用一个实施例更详细地描述本发明的一个最佳实施例。所述附图包括：
图1为根据本发明的、具有填充元件的一排过滤模块的示意图；
图2为图1中该排过滤模块上部的一个放大示意图；
图3为图1中填充元件组装在过滤模块周围时的分解图；
图4为图3中一个中央填充元件的端部视图；
图5为图4中填充元件的侧视图；
图6为图4中填充元件的一个示意图；
图7为图4中填充元件的平面图；
图8为图3中侧部填充元件的端部视图；
图9为图8中填充元件的侧视图；
图10为图8中填充元件的示意图；
图11为图8中填充元件的平面图；以及
图12为两种过滤系统在一段时间内横跨膜的压力的图表，其中一个过滤系统在测试期间应用在一个系统半途中。
具体实施方式
参照附图，针对本申请人共同在审的PCT申请No.WO00/62908(在此将交叉引用作为参考)所公开的歧管(manifold)和过滤系统，来描述本发明。但是，应当知道本发明同样适用于需要获得同样有益效果的其它形式的过滤系统。
该系统包括一排5过滤子模块6，每个子模块都成组连接在一个薄膜过滤歧管(a membrane-filtration manifold)7上。在该实施例中，子模块6包括通常由支承壳体(未示出)所包围的细长束的多孔中空纤维薄膜(未示出)。子模块6定位在一个供给槽或室(未示出)内，并且在上述槽被填满时，子模块会浸入供给液中。每个歧管7连接至一个滤液管路8，以便除去滤液。
在反洗过程中，通过注入每个子模块的气泡或气/液混合物从外部清洗子模块6纤维束，以便清洗纤维薄膜的外表面。子模块6也可以利用反洗液和/或气通过纤维孔来清洗。
根据这个实施例，为了减少清洗量，通过若干都被分割开以便紧密装配在细长纤维束周围的填充元件9部分地封装每个子模块6。在该实施例中，填充元件9与上部、下部歧管7间隔开，以便允许液流和/或杂质进出子模块6。应当知道，也可以应用其它允许液流的适合装置，例如填充元件9也能沿径向与每个纤维束子模块6的外周边间隔开，或者能利用各种形状的填充元件9来允许液流进出子模块6，同时仍能基本填充每个子模块6之间的空间。
在应用气泡清洗方法的该系统中，使用填充元件9提供了将气泡尽可能限定在子模块6中，并由此提高了清洗效率的额外效果。
最好如图3-图11所示，填充元件9由互补的部分形成，包括一个中央或芯部元件10，该中央元件具有两套平行相对的、截面为半圆形、并沿着中央元件的长度纵向延伸的通道11。该通道11的直径大小能容纳并紧密装配在子模块6周围。上述中央元件10的侧部12和内边缘13设有向外延伸的凸片或凸台14，用于与另一填充部分16的互补凹槽15匹配合，以便在使用中提供一整体填充元件9。
侧部填充部分16截面基本为T形，并具有其直径等于中央元件10的半圆形侧部17。
中央元件10的顶面和底面18设有一个间隔栓钉19，该间隔栓钉19将填充元件9定位成与歧管7具有一个间隔关系，以便允许液流从纤维束的顶部和底部进出。
填充元件9希望用能抵抗供给液流中的任何破坏性物质以及可能使用在反洗或其它清洗过程中的化学制剂、气体等的材料制成。该填充元件9同样希望具有中性浮力，这样它们就能在浸入供给槽的子模块中时保持到位。它们也能由泡沫塑料材料，例如聚乙烯、吹塑模制或转体(rotor)模制塑料制成。在吹塑模制时，填充元件可以是中空的，以便允许利用液体填充来获得所需的中性浮力性能。
图12示出两种过滤系统的横跨膜的压力图表。上方的图表示出一个没有填充元件的系统，下方的图表示出一个在测试期间填充元件应用在半途中的过滤系统。该图表示出在应用了填充元件后反洗得到有效改善。
应当了解到，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，有可能作出另外的实施例和变型。

Claims (15)

1.一种减少多孔薄膜过滤系统中供给液占用空间体积的方法，其中该薄膜过滤系统包括浸入被过滤的供给液内的若干多孔薄膜，该方法包括提供浸入在被过滤的供给液内的至少一个填充元件的步骤，其中，所述填充元件占据了本应该被供给液占据的空间，由此减小了多孔薄膜过滤系统中供给液所占的空间体积。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：上述填充元件基本填满多孔薄膜之间的空间，同时仍允许与薄膜保持液体流通。
3.一种薄膜过滤系统，包括浸入被过滤的供给液内的若干多孔薄膜，还包括在所述薄膜之间的空间内的至少一个填充元件，其中，所述填充元件浸入在被过滤的所述供给液内，占据了本应该被供给液占据的空间。
4.如权利要求3所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述薄膜为成束设置的多孔中空纤维薄膜，以便形成薄膜模块。
5.如权利要求4所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述模块浸入在开口到外部环境的一个槽或室中的供给液内。
6.如权利要求4或5所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述模块之间的空间至少部分被一个或多个填充元件所填充。
7.如权利要求3所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述填充元件每个都由若干装配在一起形成一个整体单元的元件构成。
8.如权利要求3所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述填充元件相对上述供给液能中性漂浮。
9.如权利要求3所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：所述填充元件为球形。
10.如权利要求8或9所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述填充元件为中空的，适于由流体填充而获得中性浮力。
11.如权利要求4所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述填充元件由互补的部分形成，互补的部分包括一个中央元件和侧部填充部分，该中央元件具有两套平行相对的、截面为半圆形、并沿着该中央元件长度纵向延伸的通道，每个通道的直径大小能容纳纤维束并紧密装配在纤维束周围，而侧部填充部分截面基本为T形并具有直径等于上述通道直径的半圆形侧部，以便与中央元件配合形成该填充元件。
12.如权利要求11所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：每个填充元件包括互补的接合部分，以便与另一填充元件上的相关接合部分接合。
13.如权利要求3所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述填充元件由泡沫塑料材料制成。
14.如权利要求3所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述填充元件由吹塑模制塑料材料制成。
15.如权利要求3所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述填充元件由转体模制塑料材料制成。
CNB018171036A 2000-10-09 2001-10-03 改进的薄膜过滤系统 Expired - Fee Related CN1224450C (zh)

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EP1328335B1 (en) 2005-12-28
JP4617285B2 (ja) 2011-01-19
AU2001291514B2 (en) 2006-11-09
ATE489159T1 (de) 2010-12-15
JP2007021498A (ja) 2007-02-01
CA2424590A1 (en) 2002-04-18
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DE60116356D1 (de) 2006-02-02
JP2004509760A (ja) 2004-04-02
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ATE314134T1 (de) 2006-01-15
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US6872305B2 (en) 2005-03-29
AU9151401A (en) 2002-04-22
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