CN1221224C - 具有增强芯吸容量的吸收制品 - Google Patents

具有增强芯吸容量的吸收制品 Download PDF

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CN1221224C
CN1221224C CNB941920674A CN94192067A CN1221224C CN 1221224 C CN1221224 C CN 1221224C CN B941920674 A CNB941920674 A CN B941920674A CN 94192067 A CN94192067 A CN 94192067A CN 1221224 C CN1221224 C CN 1221224C
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parts
absorbent article
surface layer
absorber
flank
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CN1124011A (zh
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L·库特尔-多什纳
D·R·金
A·M·尼科斯
T·H·吉尔曼
V·V·芬奇
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Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Kimberly Clark Corp
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Abstract

一种具有增强芯吸容量的吸收制品。吸收制品包括一液体可渗透的面层,一液体不能渗透的隔层,以及封闭在其间的吸收体。吸收制品由第一、第二和第三部件组成,每一部件都具有其对人体排泄出的体液的芯吸容量。第一部件具有高芯吸容量,所述第二部件具有比第一部件较低的芯吸容量,所述第三部件具有比第二部件较高的芯吸容量。三个部件的不同芯吸容量促进了体液从身体一侧的面层向下进入吸收制品的有序的分配。第二部件的宽度等于或大于第一或第三部件的宽度,提供了一个可见的吸收制品什么时候需要更换的记号。当第二部件变脏时,通过更换吸收制品,使用者能防止侧漏和弄脏相邻衣服。

Description

具有增强芯吸容量的吸收制品
技术领域
本发明涉及一种能吸收体液,特别是月经和血液的吸收制品。具体地说,本发明涉及一种吸收制品,它具有一个由三个部件组成的吸收体,每一个都具有预定的芯吸容量。
背景技术
吸收制品是指用于吸收体液如尿液,月经,血液、汗液和其它人体排泄物的产品,例如尿布,卫生巾,训练内裤、防失禁用衣服,过夜用的垫子,女裤衬里,用于腋下的保护品等。卫生巾也称之为月经垫子,妇女用垫,过夜用垫,女裤衬里,内裤保护品,是设计为妇女系带,在月经期间之前,之中,或之后吸收月经以及其它排泄的体液。这些产品是外用的制品,通常通过衣服贴附粘结或机械贴附固定到相邻的内衣上。这些产品不同于卫生栓(tampons),它们是内用制品,被设计用来插入妇女的阴道内。
从功能上看,卫生巾和过夜垫子与女裤衬里和内裤保护品有区别,它们通常是构成用来吸收大量的体液和设计用于长期系带。
为了充分地完成其功能,现代月经产品是由高吸收容量的材料构成的。然而,任何吸收材料当它被利用到了其饱和的顶点时,都会发生体液的泄漏。这种泄漏会污染使用者的衣服。由于仅一小部份的吸收制品被利用,吸收制品经常在接近其最大吸收容量之前发生泄漏。因此,希望构造出具有迅速将液体芯吸到吸收制品的大部份区域能力的吸收制品,以防止过早泄漏。
也同样希望构造出这样一种吸收制品,它能在使用前给使用者提供一个可见信号,进入制品的体液会停留在中心。一个使用后的可见信号也是有利的,它使使用者知道液体还滞留在吸收制品的中心,这样就加强了使用前的可见信号。使用后的可见信号还使使用者知道吸收制品可能已经达到了其饱和极限,到了更换吸收制品的时候。
因此,需要提供一种能在整个吸收制品中迅速芯吸液体并能给使用者提供使用后的可见信号以确定是否接近其芯吸极限的吸收制品。如果吸收制品接近了其极限,使用者可以在泄漏前更换吸收制品。
月经产品的另一重要方面是它的芯吸月经的能力。月经是十分粘的,可能含有人体织物的颗粒,趋于粘贴并覆盖在制品的表面,限制另外的体液进入吸收制品。卫生巾生产商总在寻求一种新的材料或已知材料的重新配置的复合效果,以获得具有改进的芯吸容量的结构。
现在,已经发明了一种吸收制品,它具有在吸收制品内的快速芯吸的能力,同时提供了显示液体将停留在吸收制品中心的使用前的可见信号,和指示吸收制品什么时候达到其饱和极限的使用后的可见信号。
发明内容
简单地说,本发明涉及一种具有由第一、第二、第三部件构成的吸收体的吸收制品。每一部件都具有芯吸月经、血液和其它人体排泄液体的能力。第一部件具有高的芯吸容量,并能提供显示液体将停留在吸收制品中心的使用前的可见信号。第二部件具有比第一部件较低的芯吸容量,第三部件具有比第二部件高的芯吸容量。三个部件的不同的芯吸容量促进了体液从身体侧的面层向吸收制品的有序的分布,第二部件具有等于或大于第一或第三部件的宽度,以提供使用后的可见信号指示吸收制品什么时候达到其饱和极限。当第二部件开始变脏时,通过更换吸收制品使用者可以防止侧漏和弄脏内衣。第二部件还具有每平方米小于约300克(gsm)的基础重量,以使使用者能肉眼观察到流体正被吸引到第三部件去。
本发明的一个主要目的是提供一种用于吸收体液,特别是月经和血液的吸收制品。本发明的更具体的目的是提供一种如卫生巾的吸收制品,它给使用者既能提供使用前的又能提供使用后的可见信号。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种厚度小于15毫米的吸收制品,当它提供了快速的内吸时,具有高度的舒适感。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种吸收制品,在吸收制品内,它表现出对体液的增强的芯吸和控制能力。
本发明还有一目的是提供一种吸收制品,如卫生巾,女裤衬里,能给使用者提供使用后的可见信号,指示吸收制品什么时候达到其饱和极限。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种吸收制品,它具有柔韧的外形,使制品舒适地保持与使用者身体的紧密接触。
参看下面的描述和附图,本发明的其它一些目的和优点对本领域技术人员将变得更加明了。
附图说明
图1是吸收制品的剖面透视图,吸收体由有预定芯吸容量的三个部件组成,其中第三部件放置在第二部件的内部。
图2是吸收制品的剖面透视图,它类似于图1,进步包括一对向外延伸的侧翼。
图3是吸收制品的剖面透视图,吸收制品有三个吸收体部件,其中第二部件沿第三部件折成c状,且纵向间隙背对第一部件。
图4是吸收制品的剖面透视图,吸收制品有三个吸收体部件,其中第二部件折成c状,纵向间隙朝向第一部件,第三部件位于第二部件的下面。
图5是吸收制品的剖面透视图,吸收制品有三个吸收体部件,其中较宽的第二部件位于第一和第三部件的下面。
图6是吸收制品的剖面透视图,吸收制品有四个分开的不同部件。
具体实施方式
参看图1,它显示了能吸收体液的吸收制品10。吸收制品可以是尿布,训练内裤,卫生巾,女裤衬里,过夜垫子,防失禁的衣服,腋下保护用品,或任何其它已知的能吸收尿液、月经、血液、汗液、分秘物、或其它人体排泄流体的一次性产品。为讨论的目的,吸收制品10按卫生巾进行描述。
吸收制品10包括液体可以渗透的面层12,液体不能渗透的隔层14和封闭在其间的吸收体16。液体可以渗透的面层12被设计与人体接触,可由纺织或无纺材料构成。面层12可由天然或人造材料组成,应易于体液穿过。合适的材料包括粘结的聚酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、尼龙或其它可热粘结纤维的成片织物(web),其它聚烯烃,如聚丙烯和聚乙烯的共聚物,线性低粘度聚乙烯,穿有小孔的薄膜织物及网状材料也能很好地起作用。面层12可以由含有小孔的热塑性薄膜构成,它与无纺材料的两侧相连。这种特殊的方式紧靠使用者的大腿,提供了柔软的感觉,同时使得体液迅速地穿过。
为便于体液向下运动进入吸收制品10,可以在面层12上形成多个小孔13。小孔13可以无序地或均匀地安排在整个层面12上,它们可以仅仅位于一窄的纵向条上,或带状地沿吸收制品10的纵轴x-x安排。小孔13使得体液快速向下穿过进入吸收体16。可以改变小孔的大小、形状、直径和数目以满足某一具体的需要。
液体不能渗透的隔层14被设计成允许空气或蒸气穿过并流出吸收制品10,但堵塞液体不许通过。隔层14可以是具有以上性质的任何材料。好的材料是表面微凸的(micro-embossed),如聚乙烯或聚丙烯的聚合物膜。两组份膜也可以使用。优选材料是聚乙烯膜。最优选的隔层14是厚度为约0.2-约2.0mm,特别是约0.3-1.0mm的聚乙烯膜。
面层12和隔层14可以共同延伸并绕吸体16的周边面与面接触。面层12和隔层14可以通过粘结、热密封、超声波、或本领域技术人员已知的其它方法沿其周边密封在一起。
吸收体16的厚度为小于7毫米,优选小于5毫米,由至少三个分开的、不同的部件18、20和22组成,每一个都有其预定的芯吸容量。
根据本发明的吸收制品,该制品还包括:
a>一个液体可渗透面层;
b>一个液体不能渗透的隔层;和
c>所述的吸收体被所述面层和所述隔层封闭,所述吸收体的第一部件是紧靠近所述面层下方。
具体地,根据本发明的吸收制品,它还包括一面层,而吸收体的第一部件具有不同于所述面层的颜色,吸收体的第一部件是紧靠近所述面层下方。特别是该面层覆盖所述吸收体,尤其是所述第一部件具有比所述面层较暗的颜色。更特别地,所述第一部件是紧靠近面层下方并与所述纵轴对准的熔喷织物材料的条状物。
进一步,根据本发明的吸收制品,该制品还包括:
a>一个液体可渗透面层;
b>一个液体不能渗透的隔层;和
c>一对侧翼,该对侧翼是从所述吸收体的一对纵向延伸的侧边向外延伸的,每一所述侧翼包括一粘结件,每一所述侧翼的Gurley刚度为50mg至150mg,其厚度大于0.5mm;
其中所述吸收体被所述面层和所述隔层封闭,第一部件紧靠所述面层下方。
第一部件位于面层12的正下方,并沿吸收制品10的纵向轴线x-x对准。第一部件18给使用者提供了使用前的可见信号,体液将会停留在吸收制品的中心。第一部件18也可具有特别是对月经的高芯吸容量,它可以是具有小孔、高度染色的识物。第一部件具有不同的颜色,特别是比面层12和/或第二部件20更深的颜色。桃红、粉红或蓝色能提供良好的体液将停留在吸收制品中心的使用前可见信号。第一部件也可以是沉积在面层12表面或第二部件表面的墨水涂层或表层。为了讨论的目的,第一部件18将以具有芯吸性能的吸收体来描述。
喷熔织物能很好地作为第一部件18,因为它具有良好的月经分布能力。喷熔织物已在授予Meyer等人的US4798603中描述过了,该专利转让给本申请人,它在这里并人作参考并作为本说明书的一部分。
第一部件可以具有矩形条状,其长度等于或小于吸收制品10的长度,其宽度小于吸收制品10的宽度。约6至约12英寸(约152-约304mm)的长度和约0.5至约2英寸(约12-约25.4mm)的宽度能很好地起作用。优选地第一部件18的长度接近等于吸收制品10的长度,其宽度为约1-约1.5英寸(约25.4-约38.1mm),最优选的是约1.25英寸(约31.75mm)。
第一部件应当能控制传到面层12的体液的纵向和横向的运动。因为第一部件18窄于吸收制品10,第一部件18的纵向侧边离吸收制品10的纵向侧边有一定的距离,体液在通过它进入第二部件20内之前,被限定在第一部件18的周边的区域内。这种设计使得体液被限制在吸收制品10的中心区域并被纵向引导,所以能够利用第二部件20的较大的量。
为了有利于体液向下运动进入吸收制品10可以在第一部件18上形成许多小孔19。部分或全部在层12上形成的小孔可与在第一部件18上形成的小孔19在轴向上对齐,以使得体液快速穿过进入吸收体16。可以改变小孔19的大小、形状、直径和数目以满足某一特定的需要。小孔19可以均匀或随意地分布在第一部件的整个或部分上表面上。
第二部件20位于第一部件18的下面,当第一部件18是一个具有芯吸性质的吸收体时,第二部件具有比第一部件小,特别是对月经,的芯吸容量。第二部件20的长度为约6-约12英寸(约152-约304mm)。优选第一部件18的长度接近等于吸收制品10的长度,第二部件20在宽度上与第一部件相等,但是优选更宽。第二部件20的宽度为约2-约3英寸(约50.8-约76.2mm),优选约2.5英寸(约63.5mm)。其宽度超过约3英寸(约50.8mm)对某些使用者会引起不适。
第二部件20可以是由各种天然或合成的纤维形成的亲水材料,包括纤维素纤维,用表面活性剂处理过的喷熔织物体纤维,木材纸纤维,再生纤维素或棉纤维,或纸和其它纤维的混合物。优选第二部件20是由具有大孔结构且具有湿和干弹性能、保证舒适和起保护作用的材料形成。共形成织物和气铺法织物是两种作为第二部件能很好地起作用的材料。共形成织物是气流成网的熔喷纤维和纸浆纤维的混合物。这种材料的形成在Anderson等人的US4100324中公开了,该专利在这里引入作为参考,并作为其一部分。一种百分之约60的纤维素纤维和百分之约40的聚丙烯喷熔织物的共混物能很好地起作用。
气铺法织物作为第二部件20也能很好地起作用。一种市场上可以买到气铺法纤维是位于500 Day St.,P.O.Box 23790,GreenBay,Wisconsin 54309-3790的James River.Corporation出售的AirtexR 395。AirtexR 395是用丙烯酸粘结剂结合在一起的100%纯软木。
第二部件20也可以含有用热和压力永久变形的热塑性聚合物。这些材料包括聚丙烯、尼龙、聚乙烯、聚酯等。富有代表性的这些材料是用可热熔粘结剂纤维粘结的成片的网片、纺接的织物、气铺法织物。
如图1所示,第二部件20折成C状,有两个相对对齐的纵向侧边24和26,它们分开一定距离,优选在其间形成纵向间隙或槽28。折成C使得第二部件挠曲,从而使吸收制品10适应并保持与使用者的身体紧密接触,靠近阴部。已知的事实是,如果吸收制品能长久地和身体保持接触,泄漏的可能性就会最小。尽管图1显示了间隙28,应当注意到两个侧边24和26可以稍微相互重叠,甚至相互搭接,也可以完成与它们稍微分开一定距离时同样的功能。优选间隙28在0-约0.375英寸(约10mm)之间。
当有间隙28存在时,提供了附加特征,即存在于第一部件18中的体液能直接进入位于折成C状的第二部件20内的第三部件22中。当体液是月经时,这种无阻障的通道是特别有用的,因为提供了一个无障碍的通道使得粘稠的流体从第一部件18向下进入第三部件22。使体液快速穿过并进入吸收体16的中心的通道十分有利于保持面层12干燥并提供无泄漏产品。
第三部件22位于折成C状的第二部件20内并具有比第二部件20更高的芯吸能力。优选第三部件22具有比第一部件18更高的芯吸能力。第三部件可以含有一层或多层织物(tissue),具有优良流体分布性质的喷熔织物层或折叠的织物层。如图1所示,折成E状、湿法设置(wet-laid)并空气干燥的成绉织物能很好地起作用,它易于生产和折叠。这种织物可以由硬木或软木纤维来形成。这种织物具有细孔结构,并提供了优良的,特别是对月经的芯吸容量。第三部件22的宽度可以接近等于、小于或大于第一部件18的宽度。特别指出,第三部件22的宽度在约0.75-约2.25英寸(约19-约76.2mm)之间,应当注意到,必要时第三部件22的宽度可以等于第二部件20的宽度。第三部件22的长度在约5-约12英寸(约127-约304mm)之间。应当注意到为了得到比卫生巾大的制品第三部件22可以按比例地放大。第三部件22的长度可以等于或小于第二部件20的长度,优选稍小于第二部件20的长度。
第一吸收部件18作为流体分布部件,允许体液以控制的方式,沿吸收制品10的长度分布。第二部件20主要是从第一部件18将流体传送到第三部件22。然后第三部件22在流体释放(re1easing)到第二部件20之前沿其长度和宽度吸收流体。这样在流体被第二部件20芯吸之前第三部件可以完全饱和。这种作用给使用者提供了良好的使用后可见信号,流体滞留在吸收制品10的中心,从而加强了传递给使用者的使用前可见信号。所以流体分别在第一部件18和第三部件22中均匀地芯吸,并保持流体在吸收制品10的中心。当使用者发现较宽的第二部件20由于体液变了颜色,她知道到了更换吸收制品10的时候。
吸收制品10还包括湿弹性部件30,它位于第二部件20和液体不能渗透的隔层14之间。湿弹性部件30可以是一个封闭的聚乙烯泡沫室,Sealed Air Corporation,7110 Santa FeDrive,Hodgkins,Illinois 60525.有售。该泡沫以CellAireR,CA-30出售。其厚度约1/32英寸(约0.8mm),其密度为1.2磅每立方英尺,宽度为60英寸,每一卷的长度为2000英尺(615米)。另一种由Ametek Microfoam Division,BrandwineFour Building,Routes 1 and 202,Chdds Ford,Pennsylvania19317出售的聚乙烯泡沫也适合于作湿弹性部件30。
湿弹性部件30抵抗吸收制品10在使用中的聚束和挠曲。湿弹性是指部件30即使在体液弄湿时也是有弹性的。湿弹性部件30的长度和宽度使得它与面层12和/或隔层14具有共同的边界。湿弹性部件30的长度等于或大于吸收体16的长度,宽度等于或大于吸收体16的宽度。湿弹性部件30抵抗吸收制品10的聚束和挠曲,因此与间隙28一起保持吸收制品10与使用者的身体紧密接触。
机械地附在隔层14的外表面32的是两个纵向延伸的附到衣服上的粘结条34和36。应当注意到一个宽的,三个或多个窄的条,或弥散(spary)形式的粘结也可以使用。衣服粘附粘结条可以从位于10 Finderne Ave.,Bridgewater,New Jersey 08807的National Starch and Chemical Company购得。当吸收制品是月经产品时,衣服粘结条34和36用来保证吸收制品10在内衣的分叉部位的内侧,如果吸收制品是尿布或训练内裤时,衣服粘结条34和36就不必要了。衣服粘结条34和36使吸收制品10适当地对准盖于阴道口上。
可揭去的封条38粘附在衣服粘结条34和36上,用来防止粘结条在附到内衣上之前被污染。封条38可以是盖在一侧的Kraft纸,因此它可以从热熔粘胶,如粘结条34和36上被揭去。封条38被设计成最后由消费者在将吸收制品10置于内衣上之前揭掉。
为确定不同吸收制品,特别是卫生巾的各种材料的芯吸容量而进行了测试。测试程序使用染色溶液来确定各种材料的芯吸容量,溶液以3±0.5ml/30s的流动速率配给。测试以两种不同的时间来进行,30秒以完成初步损伤,初步损伤后5分钟。所需的测试仪器和材料如下:
1.一个能在30秒配给3±0.5ml的自动泵。从ColeParmer Instrument Company Chicago,Illinois 60648购得的Cole Parmer-MasterflexR自动泵能很好地起作用;
2.一个刻度为10ml的,容量为1000ml的硼硅酸玻璃量杯;
3.一个15英寸(381mm)高的铁环架
4.一根有1/8英寸(3mm)顶尖的针,安装在铁环架上;
5.一个从Cole Parmer Instrument Company购得的Masterflex Tygon管,14#;
6.40ml由混合16.7克蓝染料№1粉末与1000ml蒸留水得到的染色溶液,所述粉末是从2526 Baldwin Street,PO Box 14538,St.Louis,MO 63178-4538的Warner-JenkinsonDivision of Universal Foods Corporation购得的。
7.900ml蒸馏水
8.可读0.1秒的停表
9.米尺。
测试开始前,40ml的染色溶液与900ml的蒸馏水在1000ml的硼硅酸玻璃量杯中轻轻摇晃。
要测试的样品应作如下整理:
每果样品放在包装袋中,则首先应将每一样品从保护包装袋中拿出来。然后每一样品在73F±1F的温度和50%±2%的相对湿度下保持至少2小时,整理后,从每一样品的中心切下2×6英寸(52mm×152mm)的试样,试样在相应于切下它的制品的长度方向上有较长的尺寸。
每一试样的测试程序如下:
一个2×6英寸的试样放在桌子上,其朝身体一侧的表面向上。针尖位于试样中心的上方。打开控制染色溶液从泵中流出的开关,使染色溶液流到试样的中心。当染色溶液滴到试样上开始起动停表。在30秒时,关闭泵的开关,同时停止停表。这一段时间在表中称之为“初始损伤”,流体的配给量为3ml。尽快从试样上揭掉面层,用米尺测量在第一部件和第二部件以及在每一额外的部件上的流体的污迹,如果有的话。每一部件都小心地从与值相录的部件上剥下,以测定流体的污迹。这一测量值被记录下件,并表示染色溶液的初始损伤。然后,所有的这些部件和面层返回至原来的位置,同时起动停表。五分钟后停止停表,并尽快从流件上揭去面层。如上面所述,测量并记录在吸收体部件上流被录迹的长和宽。这些测量值作为“损伤后的五分钟”并被记录下来。这是最后的测量。
出四到下面的表1中的数据是使用上述测定程序得到的。四种市场上购得的卫生巾及两种本发明的样品被测试。两种样品标分钟品1和2。你可从数据看到从初始损伤后的五分钟后,分别在第一和第三吸收体部件18和22上的流体的长度,对于样品1和2(110mm,129mm,110mm,115mm),都远大于在市场产品上的任大值为上的流体污迹的长度。所有市场测试产品的最大值为95mm,(看KUT第二部件)。样品1和2的第一和第三吸收体部件(分别为18和22)明显具有比第二部件20高的芯吸容量。
                                    表1
                                  芯吸容量
                                   (n=1)
                                (所有测量值为mm)
  产品  吸收体部件  复合尺寸长×宽    面积  3ml损伤后的污迹宽  3ml损伤后的污迹长   五分钟损伤后的污迹宽   五分钟损伤后的污迹长
  AUM  1-顶部件2-内部件   52×15252×152     79047904  4552  4560   5052    5070
  SFUP  1-顶部件2-内部件   52×15252×152     79047904  5454  5562   5454    6066
  样品1  1-熔喷织物2-AirtexR3-织物   32×15252×15241×152     486479046232  324741  836098   324941    11065129
样品2  1-熔喷织物2-共形成3织物  32×15252×15241×152     486279046232     324141     705079     325041     11055115
KUT 1-mod.熔喷织物2-织物3-内部件 32×15252×15232×152 484479044864 325232 557050 325232 559552
NF Maxi  1-熔喷织物2-绒毛3-Emb.绒毛  52×15252×15252×152     790479047904     322230     382432     322540     403060
:在有些复合部件中发生溶胀导致污迹尺寸比切下的尺寸稍大。
产品
AUM     总是Ultra Maxi-由Procter & Gamble Company出售的工业产品。
SFUP    Stayfree Ultra Plus-由Johnson & Johnson出售的工业产品。
样品1    超薄样品(图1)。
样品2    超薄样品-除用共形成物代替Airtex外同样品1。
KUT      Kotex-由Kimberly-Clark Corporation出售的工业产品。
NF Maxi New Freedom Maxi-由Kimberly-Clark Corporation出售的工业产品。
缩略语
顶部件      =内部件上方的顶部件
内部件      =含有超芯吸材料的包装
Sph部件     =含有Sphagnum的吸收体部件
AirtixR    =由James River Corporation制造的AirtexR395
织物        =由Kimberly-Clark Corporation制造的Saint Catherine′s织物32gsm.
共形成织物  =由Kimberly-Clark Corporation制造的掺混40%的纸浆和60%的聚丙烯聚合物的混合物,100gsm.
Mod MB      改性喷熔织物60gsm.,粗孔,由Kimberly-Clark Corporation制造
MB          =标准喷熔织物60gsm.,微孔,由Kimberly-Clark Corporation制造
绒毛        =Weyerhauser成卷绒毛纸粕,NF105.
Emb.绒毛    =绒上压印有图案的绒毛
产2两和品产1样生的四种工个产品和两种样品卫生巾的两个有高吸芯为有较高芯吸具为有的比高较比高芯吸为具有较高芯吸低吸的量较收容芯的低容收较芯低容的量收较低芯吸容量的吸收样部上的时件和品看样。当部(件时看品样部件时(看样品1和2,KUT,以及NF Maxi),两个具有较高芯吸容量的芯吸部件每一个上的流体污迹长度除以具有最低芯吸容量的芯吸部件上的流体污迹长度。
表2的比率显示了初始损伤后5分钟的污迹长度比率,对于样品1和2分别为1.7,2.0和2.0,2.1。这些值代表了较高芯吸部件和最低芯吸部件的芯吸容量的相互关系。值越大表示部件间的芯吸容量的差别也越大。换句话说,两个高芯吸部件具有比最低芯吸部件明显高的芯吸容量。这一特征使得较高芯吸部件比最低芯吸部件能更有效地芯吸体液。
可以看到在表2,中市场产品的比率在1.1和2.0之间。KUT产品的比率大于1.7,它有一个比较高芯吸部件窄的最低芯吸部件。从结构上看这一点与本发明相反,可能会导致过早的侧漏。NF Maxi产品的比率也大于1.7,由于下面将要解释的原因,它也在本发明之外。
                          表2
                       污迹长度比率
                         (n=1)
   产品  部件的比率   3ml损伤后的污迹长度比率   损伤后5分钟的污迹长度比率
   AUM 部件(2)∶部件(1)    1.3     1.4
   SFUP 部件(2)∶部件(1)    1.1     1.1
   样品1 部件(1)∶部件(2)部件(3)∶部件(2)    1.41.6     1.72.0
   样品2 部件(1)∶部件(2)部件(3)∶部件(2)    1.41.6     2.02.1
   KUT 部件(1)∶部件(3)部件(2)∶部件(3)    1.11.4     1.11.8
   NF Maxi 部件(1)∶部件(2)部件(3)∶部件(2)    1.61.3     1.32.0
在表3中,根据表1和2中描述的四种市场产品和两种样品的污迹长度,给出了芯吸容量。列出了在初始“3ml”(在30秒)损伤后和“初始损伤后5分钟”的流体污迹长度。右栏中的值“初始损伤后5分钟污迹长度”显示,对于两种样品,流体污迹已超过了76mm(分别为110mm,129mm和110mm,115mm)。事实上,对于两个样品,在高芯吸部件上的流体污迹的长度均超过了99mm。而对于市售产品,除KUT的测量值为95mm外,流体污迹的长度为70mm或更低。这些流体污迹长度进一步支持了这样的事实:本发明中的第一和第三芯吸部件具有比第二部件更高的芯吸容量。除流体污迹至少为76mm,优选为99mm,再结合最高芯吸部件上的流体污迹长度除以最低芯吸部件上的流体污迹长度的比率大于1.7,得到了意想不到的结果,使得本发明比任何测试产品能更好地起作用。应当注意,确定污迹长度的时间是3ml初始损伤后5分钟时。NF Maxia工业产品的最高芯吸部件上的流体污迹长度是60mm,在76mm以下。所以即使芯吸比率很高,高芯吸部件上的流体污迹长度也相对显示了在最高芯吸部件上流体不能很好地分布,因此不在本发明之内。
                   表3
             芯吸容量-污迹长度
          在吸收部件上的污迹长度
                 (n=1)
            (所有测量单位为mm)
   产品     芯吸部件   3ml损伤后的污迹长度   损伤后5分钟的污迹长度
  AUM     第一部件第二部件   4560     5070
  SFUP     第一部件第二部件   5562     6066
  样品1     第一部件第二部件第三部件   836098     11065129
  样品2     第一部件第二部件第三部件   705079     11055115
  KUT     第一部件第二部件第三部件   557050     559552
  NF Maxi     第一部件第二部件第三部件     382432     403060
参看图2,描述了类似于图1的吸收制品40,只是它包含一对能在衣服的开叉部位下折叠的侧翼42和44。每一侧翼42和44分别从吸收制品40的纵向侧边46和48向外延伸。侧翼42和44可以有所希望的形状,但矩形和梯形能很好地起作用。如果用梯形,侧翼42和44的侧边在分别向外伸至其末端50和52时,可以以约1度至25度的角度向内逐渐变细。优选的角度为12度。斜度是相对于吸收制品40的横向轴线Y-Y来度量的。
侧翼42和44可以具有约1.2in2(约7.7cm2)的表面积。侧翼42和44具有沿平行于吸收制品40的纵轴X-X测量的长度,和沿平行于吸收制品40的横轴Y-Y测量的宽度。侧翼42和44的长度可以从在侧翼的一侧形成的边界的(radius)中心到在侧翼的相对一侧形成的边界的中心来度量。边界将侧翼42和44连接于吸收制品40的纵向侧边46和48。侧翼42和44中的每一个的长度在约0.75至约2.0英寸(约19至约51mm)之间,优选约1.5英寸(约38mm)。侧翼42和44中的每一个的宽度在约0.5至约1.5英寸(约13至约38mm)之间,优选约1英寸(约25.4mm)。
应当注意,侧翼42和44的大小、形状和厚度可以根据所要连接的吸收制品的大小和形状改变。根据本发明的吸收制品,其中调节上述面层和隔层的尺寸和轮廓,形成一对能被折叠并从接近所述吸收体的中部位置向外伸展的侧翼,所述面层和隔层沿所述吸收制品的周边封闭。
侧翼42和44由面层12、隔层14和湿弹性部件30构成。因此侧翼42和44较薄,并具有小于吸收体16的Gurley刚性。每一侧翼42和44包括衣服粘结件(adhesive)(未示出)的块或条,它们分别连接到由可揭掉的封条54和56所覆盖的每一侧翼42和44的隔层侧。衣服粘结件应当覆盖每一侧翼42和44的至少0.5平方英寸(约323mm2),优选每一侧翼的至少50%。粘结件的特殊形状和轮廓可以改变。能很好地起作用的衣服粘结件是从位于10Finderne Ave.,Bridgewater,New Jersey 08807的NationalStarch Company购得的NS34-5516粘结件。
当揭去封条以提供最优越的舒适和悬挂性能时,侧翼42和44的Gurley刚度应当在约50毫克至约150毫克之间,优选在约77毫克至约115毫克之间。如果刚度在约50毫克至约150毫克之间,揭去封条时,侧翼的厚度应大于约0.5mm,优选约0.7mm至约1.5mm,特别优选约1.1mm至约1.2mm,对于样品1请看表4中的值。
                 Gurley刚度
为了测定含有封条的吸收制品上的侧翼的Gurley刚度,应当使用Model 4171-d Gurley数字刚度测量仪。测量每一制品的五个样品。至少测量每一制品上的一个侧翼。从盛有制品的任何形式的包装中取出制品并铺开(unfolded)。测试前,每一样品在73F±1F的温度和50%±2%的相对湿度下保持至少2小时,以进行整理。然后从每一制品的一个侧翼上的中心切下12.7mm×25.4mm的样品。应当注意,如果制品仅在一个侧翼上有唯一的封条,那么没有封条的侧翼可以用于这一部分的测试。重要的是要避免测试包含VelcroR或其它类型的钩和环的固定件的区域。要小心处理制品,避免影响样品的刚度。
刚度测量仪在使用前应当校正。可以按Gurley刚度测量仪的手册用50.8mm宽和25.4mm长的予先校正过的黄铜校正条使其误差在5%的范围内。这是为了保证“标向”摆锤是按说明书根据已知材料(即黄铜条)摆动。测试仪的电子仪器也应按手册所指进行校正。在安装Gurley刚度测量仪时,应该加上必要的重量并调节调整螺旋,直到水平仪的泡位于中心并且摆锤指示为零。转换器应设定规定的重量,规定的重量位置,宽度(0.5英尺)和长度(1英尺)。测试过程包括如下步骤:
1.样品放在摆锤上方的中心,这样有6.4mm(0.25英寸)精确地搭在摆锤上,有6.4mm(0.25英寸)精确地用爪子抓住。
2.读数必须校对以使之在刻度盘的2和6之间。否则必须调整重量和再设定转换器。在施加力以前样品应放置与摆锤标向器紧密接触。这样就能避免在开始时的振动。
3.然后按重设钮,必须显示00-000。
4.操作者然后按马达方向转换器以使得夹子的臂向摆锤挤压样品。
5.在相反的方向重复步骤4,得到左刻度盘的读数,右刻度盘的读数和平均读数。
6.记录平均刻度读数。
7.然后按选择钮得到毫克计算并记录读数。
8.对每一样品重复步骤1-7。
                         侧翼厚度
在揭掉封条后,可以用带有Model No.482刻度指示器的Ames Bulk测量仪来测量吸收制品上的侧翼的厚度。每个制品上至少一个侧翼需经测量。每一制品应当测量至少5个样品。从任何形式的制品包装中取出制品并将其铺开。测试前,每一样品在73F±1F的温度和50%±2%的相对湿度下保持至少2小时,以进行整理。用记号笔和尺子在每一侧翼的非粘结侧的中心作一记号。Ames Bulk测量仪中比较仪处于零状态。一个80克的不锈钢重物放到在比较仪刻度盘上方延伸的定子上。将Ames Bulk测量仪上的环状铝比较腿(接触表面为516cm2重为10g)移至其上限,样品放到测试仪的基面上,并使衣服粘结件朝下。这一位置使测试仪的腿较低位于侧翼的中心上面。然后轻轻地释放测试仪上的操纵杆将比较腿放低到样品上。当腿与构成侧翼的材料接触30秒后读出读数。测量值按刻度盘所指以英寸为单位记录下来。测量值×25.4就转换成了毫米。读数应记到小数点后两位。然后提升腿移出样品,以备下一个样品的测量。重要的是在每一样品后要扫净测试仪的基面。
为了测试没有封条的侧翼,封条被从侧翼上揭下来,衣服粘结件上撒上滑石粉或玉米淀粉。
对本发明的吸收制品10和市场上购得的卫生产品用上述的测试程序进行Gurley刚度和厚度测量。用每一产品的一个测量五个样品。数据概括在下面的表4中。
                      表4
    产品   侧翼Gurley刚度(mg)无封条     侧翼厚度(mm)无封条
    样品1    77-115     1.1-1.2
    KotexRLightdaysRWrapAroundTMPantiliner    177-300     1.7-1.9
    LibresseR     9-20     .03-.36
    AlwaysRUltra Plus     3-13     .02-.51
    AlwaysRPlus LongThin MaxiPad withWings     0-14     .02-.51
    Stay FreeRUltra PlusMaxi     .5-1.9     .33-.38
    KaoNight Safe     3-11     .20-.25
数据表明侧翼42和44的Gurley刚度落在一个很窄的范围内,比大多数现有产品的Gurley刚度高,但比WrapAroundTM女裤衬里的Gurley刚度低。发现这种很窄的Gurley刚度特别适于侧翼的功能。具有WrapAroundTM女裤衬里的Gurley刚度的侧翼缺乏舒适感。它们在穿戴条件下的使用期间趋于从衣服上脱落下来。这种刚度对舒适感来说也不是最优的。要使性能和舒适感达到最优,Gurley刚度应低于150mg。
现有技术中的大多数侧翼或翼形物的Gurley刚度都低于50mg。事实上表4中所测试的那些其Gurley刚度都低于20mg。翼形物或侧翼越柔韧其性能越好,这一点与现有技术是一致的(如Mattingly的US4608047)。然而,已经发现用这些技术制造的现有制品存在几个缺点。首先,就在从粘结件上揭去封条将制品附于内衣前,太柔韧的侧翼将会下垂并粘结到吸收制品的底部,或相互粘结。这对使用者来说很不方便。其次高度柔韧的侧翼或翼形物趋于聚束和变形。这是一个功能上的问题,聚束的侧翼将不会保持制品在某一位置。聚束也是一个舒适的问题,由聚束造成的皱折是不舒适的。
已经发现,当侧翼的Gurley刚度都为约50mg或超过它时它们已足够硬,在揭掉封条时它们不会粘到吸收制品上。进一步说,侧翼在使用中表现出相对现有更柔韧的侧翼大大改进的抗聚束能力。
当使用Gurley刚度大于约50mg侧翼时,侧翼的厚度也大于约0.5mm,这一点是重要的。它保证侧翼是舒适的。侧翼硬过约50mg,和薄过0.5mm,其侧边将给使用者以锋利的感觉,故带来不舒适感。
参看图3,除了第二芯吸部件20折成C状,使得间隙或槽28面向下并朝隔层14外,吸收制品58类似于图2中所描述的。这一实例可能易于在某些设备上生产。
参看图4,除了第三芯吸部件22位于第二芯吸部件20下方外,吸收制品60类似于图2中所描述的。在这一配置中,可以使第二和第三部件20和22一样宽。通过将第三芯吸部件22放到第二芯吸部件20下方,取代放入C状的折中,吸收制品60更容易生产。
参看图5,除了第三芯吸部件22位于第二芯吸部件20上方外,吸收制品62类似于图2中所描述的。在这一配置中,可以使第二和第三部件20和22一样宽。通过将第三芯吸部件22放到第二芯吸部件20上方,取代放入C状的折中,吸收制品62更容易生产。
参看图6,除了第二芯吸部件20不折成C状而由两个分开的部件66和68构成外,吸收制品64类似于图2中所描述的。部件66位于第三部件22的上方,而部件68位于第三部件22的下方。在这一实例中部件66和68应由相同的材料制成,并具有相同的芯吸容量。然而,如果欲改变部件68的材料和芯吸能力,可以容易地做到。在部件66上还有间隙或槽28存在以便于体液流入第三部件22。间隙28可以通过将部件66构成为两个分开的材料条,并将它们平行放置且稍微分开来形成。另一获得间隙28的方法是仅沿部件66的一部分长度形成一狭长切口。间隙28应当与吸收制品64的中心纵轴X-X对准。
本发明是结合几个特殊的实例来描述的,但应当理解根据前面的描述,本领域的技术人员能作出许多的变换、改进和变动。因此本发明包括所有这些落入附属的权利要求的精神和范围内的变换、改进和变动。

Claims (30)

1.一种具有纵轴的吸收制品,所述制品包括由第一、第二和第三垂直放置的部件构成的吸收体,所述第一部件沿该制品的纵向轴线以中心对准,并与所述制品的纵向侧边隔开,所述第二和第三部件置于第一部件下方,所述第一部件具有不同的颜色并提供了一个体液将停留在所述制品中心部位的使用前的可见信号,所述第一部件具有沿纵轴的芯吸容量,所述第二部件具有比所述第一部件较低的沿纵轴的芯吸容量,所述第三部件具有比所述第二部件较大的沿纵轴的芯吸容量,所述第一部件具有一宽度,所述第二部件具有比所述第一部件较大的宽度,所述第三部件具有比第二部件小的宽度,所述第二部件的基础重量小于300gsm,所述第三部件位于所述第二部件之内部,并与之接触。
2.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,其中所述第三部件具有比所述第一部件较大的沿纵轴的芯吸容量。
3.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,其中所述第三部件比所述第一部件宽。
4.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,其中所述第一部件是熔喷织物。
5.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,其中所述第二部件是气流成网的熔喷纤维和纸浆纤维的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,其中所述第二部件是气铺法织物。
7.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,其中所述第三部件是空气干燥的成绉织物。
8.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,还包括位于所述吸收体下方的湿弹性部件,所述湿弹性部件提供了对所述吸收制品聚束的抵抗力。
9.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,其中所述第一和第三部件的宽度相等。
10.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,该制品还包括:
a>一个液体可渗透面层;
b>一个液体不能渗透的隔层;和
c>所述的吸收体被所述面层和所述隔层封闭,所述吸收体的第一部件是紧靠近所述面层下方。
11.根据权利要求10的吸收制品,其中所述第二部件折成C状,能使所述第二部件弯曲,并使得吸收制品适合于使用者的身体。
12.根据权利要求10的吸收制品,其中所述第三部件具有比所述第一部件较大的沿纵轴的芯吸容量。
13.根据权利要求10的吸收制品,其中所述吸收体的厚度小于7毫米。
14.根据权利要求13的吸收制品,其中所述吸收体的厚度小于5毫米。
15.根据权利要求10的吸收制品,其中在所述吸收体和所述隔层之间放置有湿弹性部件,提供了对所述吸收制品聚束的抵抗力,湿弹性部件的长度和宽度大于吸收体的长度和宽度。
16.根据权利要求15的吸收制品,其中所述湿弹性部件是聚乙烯泡沫。
17.根据权利要求10的吸收制品,该制品还包括:
d>一个在所述吸收体和所述隔层之间放置的湿弹性部件,提供了对所述吸收制品聚束的抵抗力;和其中所述第二部件被折成C状,并具有两个相对地对准的侧边,它们相隔一定距离在其间形成一间隙,所述C状能使第二部件弯曲,并使得吸收制品适合于使用者的身体,湿弹性部件的长度和宽度大于吸收体的长度和宽度。
18.根据权利要求17的制品,其中所述第一部件是沿所述吸收制品的中心纵轴对准的窄条。
19.根据权利要求17的制品,其中所述第一部件是熔喷织物。
20.根据权利要求17的吸收制品,其中所述第二部件被折成C状,同时所述间隙与所述第一部件邻接。
21.根据权利要求17的吸收制品,其中所述第二部件被折成C状,同时所述间隙与所述湿弹性部件邻接。
22.根据权利要求17的吸收制品,其中调节所述面层和隔层的尺寸和轮廓,形成一对能被折叠并从接近所述吸收体的中部位置向外伸展的侧翼,所述面层和隔层沿所述吸收制品的周边封闭。
23.根据权利要求22的吸收制品,其中每个所述侧翼包括用于保证所述侧翼连接到内衣上的粘结件。
24.根据权利要求23的吸收制品,其中每个所述侧翼的Gurley刚度为50mg至150mg,其厚度大于0.5mm。
25.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,它还包括一面层,而所述第一部件具有不同于所述面层的颜色,吸收体的第一部件是紧靠近所述面层下方。
26.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,它还包括一面层,该面层覆盖所述吸收体,并设计为与使用者的身体接触,其中所述第一部件具有不同于所述面层的颜色,吸收体的第一部件是紧靠近所述面层下方。
27.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,它还包括一面层,该面层覆盖所述吸收体,并设计为与使用者的身体接触,其中所述第一部件具有比所述面层较暗的颜色,吸收体的第一部件是紧靠近所述面层下方。
28.根据权利要求17的吸收制品,其中
所述第一部件是紧靠近面层下方并与所述纵轴对准的熔喷织物材料的条状物。
29.根据权利要求28的吸收制品,该制品还具有一中心横轴和一对纵向侧边,所述制品还包括:
e>一对能折叠的侧翼,它们与所述的从所述吸收制品的所述纵向侧边向外延伸的中心横轴对准,所述侧翼由所述面层,所述湿弹性部件和所述隔层构成;
f>在每一所述侧翼上有一个用于保证所述吸收制品粘结到内衣上的粘结件,所述粘结件位于所述隔层的朝向衣服的那一面上,在所述的纵向侧边之间;和
g>一张盖在所述粘结件上的可揭去的封条。
30.根据权利要求1的吸收制品,该制品还包括:
a>一个液体可渗透面层;
b>一个液体不能渗透的隔层;和
c>一对侧翼,该对侧翼是从所述吸收体的一对纵向延伸的侧边向外延伸的,每一所述侧翼包括一粘结件,每一所述侧翼的Gurley刚度为50mg至150mg,其厚度大于0.5mm;
其中所述吸收体被所述面层和所述隔层封闭,第一部件紧靠所述面层下方。
CNB941920674A 1993-05-12 1994-05-05 具有增强芯吸容量的吸收制品 Expired - Fee Related CN1221224C (zh)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1161928B1 (en) 2004-03-03
FR2705029B1 (fr) 1997-01-31
JP3803111B2 (ja) 2006-08-02
AU684516B2 (en) 1997-12-18
WO1994026220A1 (en) 1994-11-24
DE69430308D1 (de) 2002-05-08
DE69433598D1 (de) 2004-04-08
TW329666U (en) 1998-04-11
MY111518A (en) 2000-07-31
CA2104282A1 (en) 1994-11-13
DE69430308T2 (de) 2002-11-21
US5401267A (en) 1995-03-28
EP0697846B1 (en) 2002-04-03
EP1161928A1 (en) 2001-12-12
CN1124011A (zh) 1996-06-05
FR2705029A1 (fr) 1994-11-18
DE69433598T2 (de) 2005-02-03
EP0697846A1 (en) 1996-02-28
JPH08510149A (ja) 1996-10-29
KR100350200B1 (ko) 2003-03-06
CA2104282C (en) 2004-04-13
AU6907194A (en) 1994-12-12

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