CN1207860A - 置顶电子设备和网络接口单元设备 - Google Patents

置顶电子设备和网络接口单元设备 Download PDF

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CN1207860A
CN1207860A CN96199614A CN96199614A CN1207860A CN 1207860 A CN1207860 A CN 1207860A CN 96199614 A CN96199614 A CN 96199614A CN 96199614 A CN96199614 A CN 96199614A CN 1207860 A CN1207860 A CN 1207860A
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network
network interface
interface unit
equipment
top electronics
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CN1098020C (zh
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R·胡姆普勒曼
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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Abstract

置顶电子设备与网络接口单元设备连到在家庭中的内部数字网的互连设备。娱乐业务通过耦合到外部网络和内部网络的网络接口单元引入该网络。网络接口单元在外部与内部网络之间执行必需的接口并使娱乐业务可用于连到内部网络的所有终端。从网络接口单元中分离出来的置顶电子设备连到内部网络并利用例如电视机变换数字数据流中信息以便显示。

Description

置顶电子设备和网络 接口单元设备
相关申请
本专利申请涉及1995年11月22日提交的美国申请系列号08/561758.题为“HOME MULTIMEDIA NETWORK ARCHITECTURE”；1995年11月22日提交的、美国申请系列号08/561535、题为“METHOD ANDAPPARATUS FOR RECOUERING DATA STREAM CLOCK”；1995年11月22日提交的美国申请系列号08/561534、题为“CROSSBAR/HUBARRANGEMENT FOR MULTIMEDIA NETWORK”。
发明领域
本发明涉及多媒体数字网络，并且更具体地涉及置顶盒，用于与外部网络和娱乐服务提供者接口并变换所接收的信息以便由诸如电视机的家中产品进行使用或显示。
发明背景
数字技术与电信中的快速增长已增加使家中网络互连家中大量产品和互连外部世界的愿望。可获得的外部业务范围包括交互业务、有线电视与声频业务、卫星网络、电话公司服务、电视点播和其他类型的信息业务。然而，在美国家庭中个人计算机普及程度约为33％并且仅缓慢增长，尽管政府希望更广泛的普及率以鼓励“远程交换(telecommuting)”和减少道路交通量与污染。而且，计算机在家庭中的普及将从购买含有内置计算机的消费娱乐与信息产品以及利用不透明用户接口隐藏的操作系统开始，这样的一个产品是常规的置顶盒。
置顶盒是扩充电视机使用的多媒体计算机常规的置顶盒具有将置顶盒连到外部网络和数据提供者的外部网络接口模块。此网络接口模块必须执行许多复杂的功能，诸如接口到特定外部网络、调谐、解调、纠错、视频解密、MPEG时钟的恢复以及外部网络特定的加密与解密。因此，网络接口模块是置顶盒中相对昂贵的部件。即使在房间中仅有一台电视机时，此费用也是必需的。然而，大多数家庭有多台电视机，而给每台电视机提供它自己的置顶盒及有关的网络接口模块是昂贵部件的加倍。
家庭主人另一个关心问题是服务提供者的问题。通过置顶盒，诸如通过电话提供者提供引入家庭的所有服务的一个服务提供者的限制是限制家庭主人的选择并且可能防止家庭主人以最低竞争价格获得服务。尝试由多个服务提供者利用家庭中每台电视机上多个置顶盒来克服此问题不是可行的解决方案。
发明概要
需要利用电视显示器形成娱乐终端的置顶计算机/音频/视频/图形电子设备和单个家庭中网络接口设备以从多个外部网络存取数据。
这些和其他需要利用本发明来满足，本发明提供一种设备，在此设备中支持诸如电视机的媒体输出装置的置顶电子设备从接口至外部网络的网络接口单元中分开。网络接口单元功能从置顶电子设备中分开允许单个网络接口单元用于与外部网络接口并选择地给家庭内大量的置顶电子设备和电视机提供节目。这减少每台电视机或其他终端产品(媒体输出装置)上网络接口功能复份的需要，并从而减少在家中具有1台以上电视机的典型家庭主人的费用。而且，具有网络上多个独立的网络接口单元允许消费者接收并在可获得的服务之间选择，而不限制于单个服务提供者。可以仅通过互换或增加构造为与新的外部网络接口的不同网络接口单元进行改变服务。
本发明的前述与其他特性、方面和优点将从下面结合附图的本发明详细描述中变得更加清楚。
附图的简要说明
图1是根据本发明示例实施例构造的家庭网络的示意方框图；
图2是本发明家庭网络在家庭中的示例安装图；
图3是图1的家庭网络的逻辑图；
图4是根据本发明优选实施例构造的网络接口单元和置顶电子设备单元的示意图；
图5是根据本发明示例实施例构造的置顶电子设备的网络接口的方框图；
图6是根据本发明一个实施例构造的网络接口单元的网络接口的方框图；
图7是根据本发明一个实施例构造的、耦合到网络接口单元和置顶电子设备单元的主机(hub)与直通电路纵横制设备(direct circuitcrossbar)的方框图；
图8是用于本发明家庭网络的示例用户接口的逻辑图。
优选实施例的详细说明
图1是根据本发明一个实施例构造的家庭多媒体网络10的示意图，但此实施例仅是示例性的，因为网络10可以以本发明范围内许多不同方式中任一方式进行构造，并包括耦合到网络10的不同设备。因此，本发明不限制为位于家庭中的网络，而可应用于在其他类型结构中安装的网络，诸如在办公室、公寓楼等中安装的网络。但为了示意目的，示例实施例将就家庭安装情况进行描述。
网络10是数字网络，提供不同类型的设备至家庭外部世界的连接性。例如，此设备可以是模拟电视机12、数字电视机14、数字VCR 16、数字摄像机18、个人计算机20、音频设备22、打印机24、传真机26和电话机28等等。除了将此设备连到外部世界之外，网络10也将家庭中数字视频、数字音频、计算机与电话设备内部连在一起。这统一了家庭内的通信与控制，使外部网络连接或内部数据源的满功率可用于网络10上任一终端。
与外部世界的通信是通过许多独立的网络接口单元(NIU)32进行的，并且可以在入口单元30中实际地与允许不同外部网络与家庭网络10之间连接的每一个网络接口单元32进行组合。不同的外部网络可以传送不同类型的信号。这些信号例如可以是在混合光纤同轴或电缆上传送的广播信号(数字或混合模拟/数字信号)，其他类型的信号是ISDN、广播/数字卫星业务、FTTC、FTTH、ADSL等等。至少可以传送下面的数据类型：压缩视频、压缩音频、压缩的互联网WWW图形与数据、互联网电子邮件与其他数据、计算机文件数据与控制消息数据。
逻辑上，家庭网络10中所有终端接收至网络接口单元32相等的接入，并且用户未意识到实际看见它们。所要求的网络接口单元32数量例如由同时要求的不同节目频道数量(即视频、音频等频道数量)的每个家庭所要求的数据流数量确定，而不是由家庭中终端单元数量确定。
在某些优选实施例中，电缆或天线电视利用规则的家中同轴电缆(普通老式电视或POTV)的分布保持不变。也在家中数字网络10上传送POST(普通老式电话业务)。
数字信号在内部网络34上遍及家庭分布。在某些优选实施例中，内部网络34基本上是基数(base)-T或100基数-T扭绞线对类型的以太网，但采用特殊交换主机以使网络对于每个均能接收高比特率视频信号的任何数量的终端单元能够按比例进行变换。
家庭网络10将那些计算机或产品与能支持网络带宽、协议、路由选择、缓冲和寻址的内置计算机连接。不支持此复杂功能的其他高带宽产品必须或直接或经本地外围网络连到这样的主机单元以获得互用性。起着最终用户设备作用的具有位于家庭网络10的内置计算机的计算机或产品的示例包括：执行外部网络至家庭网络变换和调节的网络接口单元的I/O计算机；诸如置顶电子设备(STE)的计算机；PC；工作站；高端打印机；以及提供网关/控制功能的特殊计算机。能耦合到网络10的其他最终用户设备包括视频产品：数字压缩(MPEG)与未压缩视频设备；数字摄像机产品；数字磁带录像产品与数字电视显示器产品以及模拟电视显示器和记录产品。能耦合到网络10的音频产品包括：数字压缩(MPEG)与未压缩音频设备；HIFI(高保真)立体声；数字磁带录音产品。能连到网络10的其他类型的产品是数据产品，诸如打印机和其他外围设备。能通过网络10控制的另外产品包括家庭自动化与应用：中央供热/AC、安全控制器、微波炉与其他厨房设备、照明、洒水器和其他电源控制。
家庭网络10的某些实施例包括提供将来非常高比特率的本地连接的一个或多个本地外围网络15、运动JPEG或仅工帧MPEG视频设备、音频设备、打印机和这样的外围设备。这些设备需要高带宽的本地数字连接，在此数字连接中数据传送例如从数字摄像机到数字VCR是连续的。直接在内部网络34上容纳这样的设备要求比正常需要的整个网络34更大的网络带宽。相反地，本地外围网络15通常利用网关连到内部网络34用于互用性。然而，在本发明某些其他实施例中，家庭网络10装置有硬件和适应高速设备的软件，以致不需要本地外围网络15。
家庭自动化网络17用于家庭自动化。此家庭自动化网络17可以在电源线或其他低比特率网络上运行以控制应用。家庭安全系统、照明等。此分支源自位于家庭中的控制计算机20。
在图2中示出本发明的家庭网络10在房屋36中安装的示例模型。家庭网络10是长距离骨干网，例如可以离开形成内部网络34一部分的交换主机38多达100m的电缆。在图2所示的示例安装中，具有多个网络接口单元32的入口单元30与交换主机38一起位于房屋的实用区域中。
扭绞线对电缆进入房屋36的每个房间并终接在墙插座中。例如Cat(猫)-S扭绞线对(100Mb/s)可以在进行安装时使用，因为主要的费用是劳工费用。对于临时的逆安装，扭绞线对电缆足够小，以致可以由用户安装在地毯边下面。家中的用户通过将计算机产品的以太网端口插入以太网墙上插座来连接房间中的计算机产品。
在图2的实施例中，主机38表示为独立的设备，但在其他实施例中，主机38结合进一个或多个网络接口单元32中。主机38提供至房屋所有区域和一个或多个网络接口单元32的连接。升级、扩展集合带宽与内部网络34的连接是通过另外插入或变化为较大主机来实现。下面将更详细地讨论主机。
如图1与2所示，本发明将网络接口单元32的功能从置顶电子设备40中分离出来。一般地，置顶盒包括其组成部分利用总线内部连到置顶电子设备部件的网络接口单元。然而，相反地，本发明将网络接口单元32与置顶电子设备40分开，在其二者之间插入内部网络34。这个安排允许多个置顶电子设备较便宜地分布在房屋36各处，这是因为网络接口单元的电子设备不必对于每个置顶电子设备进行备份。另外，分开耦合到不同外部网络与耦合到公用内部网络34的网络接口单元32使家庭主人不被强迫从诸如电话或有线电视公司的单个源中接收所有节目。此分开也允许家庭主人仅通过改变网络接口单元32之一来增加、取下或改变业务，而不需要在家庭36各处替换所有的置顶电子设备。
在某些实施例中，“主”置顶盒装备有多个网络接口单元。然而，此实施例逻辑上与上述实施例相同，因为网络接口单元在此实施例中连到内部网络，而不利用总线连到置顶电子设备。
图3是本发明的家庭网络10的逻辑图。从此附图中可看出，多端口交换主机38形成网络连接的中心。在某些实施例中，适当地控制分组间抖动，采用传统的市场上可买到的分组交换主机。在其他优选实施例中，诸如图3所示的，交换主机38是网络端口与对话期间是直接(电路)交换的端口的组合。直接连接端口(和系统)可能是经网络(编码的)时钟锁定的相位。为了提供此功能，交换主机38因而包括相当简单与便宜主机42和直接电路纵横设备44。在某些优选实施例中，主机可以是市场上可买到的设备，诸如由加利弗尼亚Sunnyvale的Advanced Micro Deoices公司制造的Am79 C981，下面将结合图7描述直接电路纵横设备44的细节。
如由以太网10/100 base一T定义的星形拓扑结构与交换主机38一起使用。交换主机38提供扇出给房屋36中的多数房间。最大系统带宽是线路比特率的倍数(比特率×端口数/2))，例如20端口和100Mb/s比特率＝1 Gb/s集合最大带宽。
交换主机38对于大量的非对称业务，例如压缩的数字视频与互联网数据通过从发射机直接给这些情况建立路由至接收机能进行特殊处理。此业务于是从内部网络34中分离出来并允许整个集合带宽仅利用主机38的可扩展性进行限制，尽管它将保持受每支路100Mb/s的限制。使用100base一T技术而不是100base一T技术将在需要时更新网络。
交换主机的直接同步(曼彻斯特或块编码)连接主要用于其中要求连续、高比特率、长时间连接的MPEG视频传输。(压)缩形式的高比特视频信号可高达8Mb/s，而对于实况电视转播和高动作电影与体育，这信号是需要的。低比特率视频信号是1.5Mb/s。根据本发明，在整个网络10中保持MPEG数字视频信号。变换为实际视频信号仅在显示设备(例如，电视机12)或置顶电子设备40上进行。
两个独立的直通电路描述为图3中的示例。例如，耦合到ISDN网络的网络接口单元32通过直通电路纵横制设备44直接连到本地外围网络15的个人计算机20。另外的独立直通电路利用直通电路纵横制设备44装置在(例如，耦合到混合光纤同轴电缆)不同的网络接口单元32与耦合到电视机12的置顶电子设备40之间提供。那些不直接通过直通电路纵横制设备44连接的设备仍连到主机42并如此建网。
根据交换主机结构，构造直接的点对点路径，通过此路径的所有数据，即使预定给一个或多个其他终端的数据也直接提供给此路径的终点终端。因此，在某些优选实施例中，遵循一个规则：与高速率数据(一般是传信数据)多路复用的数据必须利用将这样的分组返回给主机38的直接路径终点传送给网络终端。例如，在不打算用于本地外围网络15上设备的ISDN网络上发送的消息将利用本地外围网络主机20返回到主机38以便分配。此规则利用分布在端点上的多路分用而不是中央地分布的多路分用来节省费用并减轻使分组路由器类型交换主机的复杂性，而且对于非对称数据流与本地目的地工作良好，即没有遭受交换分层。
直接交换路径的优点是：一起避免获得接入网络34中的潜在延迟(和可能干扰在MPEG数据流中传送的专用时钟基准定时)。
在某些实施例中，要求主机38是“全双工知觉(aware)”，表示：直接的路由路径仅将发射机终端“上行”路径连到接收终端“下行”路径。相反地，下行至发射机的路径和上行至接收机的路径不受直通电路的影响，并且一般连到网络，即连到连接在一起的所有其他终端路径。
特定路由建立以响应用户服务请求。消息利用主机控制和所采用的任何直接路由变化进行接收。不从网络中进行交换的设备连接并且不要求路由选择。
如下面所述的在网络接口单元32上执行MPEG时钟恢复，利用网络接口单元32上的MPEG时钟恢复以及至家庭网络目的地的直通电路的建立，基本上消除在目的地(诸如电视机12)上接收的信号中的抖动。直通电路能力对于在娱乐(视频)家庭情况中所预期的大量非对称点对点业务工作良好。
至于仅模拟业务，例如过渡有线电视，这不认为是数字网络的一部分。对于诸如混合同轴光缆(HFC)与较新形式的混合有线电视的混合数字/模拟业务，这认为是过渡状态并作为暂时附加到本发明所有数字系统上的业务进行处理。来自混合同轴光缆的信号直接提供给置顶电子设备40或提供给网络接口单元32置顶电子设备40的组合。要求两个端口连到家庭网络10，一个用于网络接口单元32，一个用于置顶电子设备40。在某些优选实施例中提供旁路以便横跨置顶电子设备40的音频/视频电路链接模拟信号。
通过手持控制器或计算机键盘根据在诸如个人计算机20的本地终端或置顶电子设备40上运行的软件控制家庭网络10。每个家庭终端的本地控制软件通过与网络接口单元32和外部网关通信管理信源可用性、信源选择、路径管理。外部网络协议缓存在网络接口单元32中以便给家庭网络10上的终端提供标准接口。图8表示用户接口的一个示例。在此示例中，家庭网络10是透明的，并且用户仅间接地从所连接业务数量中知道它。
图4是表示利用内部网络34耦合到单个置顶电子设备单元40的单个网络接口单元32的方框图。为了示意和解释目的，未在图4中未出包括交换主机38的家庭网络10的其余部分。
网络接口单元32具有将网络接口单元32接口到特定外部网络的一个或多个网络接口模块50。在图4的示例中，网络接口模块50提供接口给传送MPEG视频数据的外部网络。将MPEG视频数据提供给准备在内部网络34上传送的数据的内部网络接口设备52。在某些优选实施例中，内部网络34是以太网，以使内部网络接口设备52是以太网接口设备。
本发明的结构假定：对于一些网络，网络接口单元32上第一级多路分用是处于可定义的带宽极限(一个数据流)而不是由输入数据流(多个数据流)结构设置的任意带宽内所必需的。假定使用MPEG-2视频，将多个节目传送数据流多路分用为单个节目传送，如在MPEG-2规范中所定义的。这是利用诸如C-Cube的市场上可买到的9110B芯片的MPEG传送芯片54来执行。(第二级多路分用以便分开视频、音频与其他数据仍出现在置顶电子设备中，同时最好仅在显示终端或计算机进行解码。)利用这个解决方案，不需要在房屋各处发送高带宽数据流，并且家庭36中的终端仅需要查看标准化的单个节目接口。对于在家庭中，例如安全前门摄像机或电视会议摄像机所产生的视频信号要求进行压缩。
所有的外部网络接口、解密、接入控制、多路分用为单个节目数据流等利用网络接口模块50执行。因此，网络接口模块50缓冲来自所连接的外部网络特性的家庭网络硬件和软件。来自一个或多个提供者的多个不同节目要求多个网络接口纵横连接。在某些实施例中，双模块具有两个连接至纵横制设备，提供从同一外部网络接收的两个节目。
MPEG传送芯片54执行MPEG时钟恢复并提供所恢复的27MHz时钟和所选择的节目给内部网络连接56。27MHz时钟利用MPEG至网络合成器58接收并变换为例如10MHz时钟，当内部网络34是10base一T以太网络。10MHz时钟以及所选的节目提供给连到内部网络34的常规收发信机60(诸如以太网收发信机)。合成器58作用以便将以太网时钟锁定到所恢复的MPEG时钟。在数据包从网络接口单元32发送给置顶电子设备40时，置顶电子设备40锁定到27MHz上的恢复的MPEG数据。在置顶电子设备40上，利用另一个合成器从以太网10MHz时钟中再生27MHz时钟。
数据由包括网络接口64的网络接口设备62在置顶电子设备40中进行接收。由网络接口64从离开网络34的数据流中恢复的10MHz时钟通过门66选通到网络至MPEG合成器68。选通是需要的，以便仅在有数据包出现时才执行锁定功能。10MHz时钟变换为提供给MPEG解码器70和视频解码器编码器72的27MHz时钟。所选的节目由网络接口64提供给MPEG解码器70，MPEG解码器70解码MPEG数据并将此MPEG数据提供给视频解码器/编码器72。数据流由视频编码器72变换为适于由诸如电视机的显示设备使用的格式(例如NTSC或SVideo)。视频解码器对于可能是NTSC模拟信号要进行数字化并与机载图形硬件合并的情况(HFC)进行操作。
图4中的网络34示意地进行描述，并且从前面描述中应理解：视频数据可以通过主机42放置在网络34，但通过网络34的直通电路纵横制设备44网络接口单元32与置顶电子设备40的直通电路最好提供视频数据的无抖动传送。
图5是图4所示的置顶电子设备40的网络接口设备62的示例实施例的更详细图。网络接口设备62包括耦合到作为选通设备66工作的节目逻辑设备的网络合成器68。网络合成器68可以利用市场上可买到的芯片诸如由摩托罗拉公司制造的MC145151进行实施。节目逻辑设备66可以利用市场上可买到的芯片诸如也是由摩托罗拉公司制造的MC7958进行实施。压控晶体振荡器80操作在27MHz上并提供其信号给节目逻辑设备62，此设备62在收到数据包时将10MHz信号选通到合成器68。合成器将10MHz和27MHz频率下分频为馈送入合成器68的检相器的公用频率。合成器68检相器输出作为控制信号提供给压控晶体振荡器80以便上下调整本振频率锁定到输入的以太网频率。
将数据包的接收通知节目逻辑设备66的信号以及10MHz时钟由用作接收启动的串行接口适配器82提供。市场上可买到的适于串行接口适配器的产品是由Advanced Micro Devices公司制造的AM7992B。
数据流通过诸如市场上可从Pulse Engineering公司买到的PE68026的变换器/滤波器84接收，还通过可能是与84相同类型的另一变换器/滤波器86接收碰撞信息。所接收的数据提供给第一网络收发信机88，诸如扭绞线对以太网增强收发信机(Am79C100)。第一网络收发信机88输出(所接收的数据)可用于接收启动82和控制器90。控制器90可以是市场上可买到的产品，诸如单片以太网控制器Am79C970(由Advanced Micro Devices公司制造)。控制器90耦合到诸如外围部件互连(PCI)总线的总线92，以便从网络34提供接收的数据给置顶电子设备40的MPEG解码器70。
第二网络收发信机92耦合到控制器90，并且可以利用与88相同类型的收发信机来实施。第二网络收发信机92通过变换器/滤波器84从控制器90提供数据发送路径给网络34。
碰撞信息通过变换器/滤波器86和第二收发信机92发送至控制器90。
图6是内部网络连接56更详细的图，具有至网络合成器58的MPEG，此合成器58从由MPEG传送芯片54(见图4)恢复的27MHz MPEG时钟中合成10MHz时钟。晶体振荡器96耦合到合成器58以提供10MHz信号。在某些实施例中，晶体振荡器96是20MHz振荡器，并且由合成器生成的频率是20MHz，此频率随后在接收机(置顶电子设备40)上简单地分频为10MHz。市场上可买到的合成器是由摩托罗拉公司制造的MC145145-2。
10MHz时钟提供给用作微处理器100接口的微处理器接口98。微处理器接口98与微处理器100一起形成通过变换器/滤波器102连到内部网络34的收发信机60。微处理器接口98例如可以是由摩托罗拉公司制造的MC68160芯片，并且微处理器也可以是由摩托罗拉公司制造的MC68EN360变换器/滤波器102可以是与图5的变换器/滤波器84、86相同类型的变换器/滤波器。
如前面所述的网络接口单元32从置顶电子设备40中分离出来具有许多优点。具有综合的网络接口单元的常规的置顶盒的功能(职责)在本发明实施例中被分开。例如，在优选实施例中，网络接口单元32负责执行外部网络特定接口、调谐解调和纠错。它提供外部网络特定视频解扰和加密/解密(信用卡号码、用户口令等)。网络接口单元32也提供外部网络特定的节目指南。另外，它对单个数据流执行MPEG传送多路分用和MPEG基准时钟恢复。在本发明优选实施例中，网络接口单元提供家庭网络以太网接口和MPEG/以太网时钟锁定。它也提供软件以支持多个数据流与多个用户的外部网络与家庭网络协议。网络接口单元也具有软件以便用作家庭网络的网关并在需要时控制数据缓存。
置顶电子设备40在优选实施例中基本上用作具有音频、视频、图形与模拟电视接口的应用计算机。例如，置顶电子设备在需要时提供家庭网络特定接口和数据缓存。它在优选实施例中提供以太网时钟/MPEG时钟锁定。置顶电子设备40解码MPEG视频与音频信号以恢复数字音频/视频信号。它执行音频与视频信号的数模变换并支持来自红外遥控的指令。置顶电子设备40提供模拟视频输入(NTSC)的支持。它接口打印机、游戏端口等并支持引导级操作系统和能从外部网络下载完整系统。置顶电子设备40支持应用程序和通过网络接口单元发送至网络提供者与程序视频服务器。
图7是更详细描述本发明的主机42与直通电路纵横制设备44的示例实施例及其与网络接口单元32和置顶电子设备40的连接的图。直通电路纵横制设备44与42有选择地在特定网络接口单元32与置顶电子设备40之间提供直通电路或通过这些单元的主机42提供简单的网络连接。在图7中，为了示意和解释目的，仅示出网络接口单元32与置顶电子设备40的一些部分。
在本发明的优选实施例中，主机42是相对简单和便宜的主机，因为它不包括任何类型的分组路由选择交换机或存储器与前向交换机。如在具有分组路由选择交换机的主机中一样没有检查业务和根据发送与接收地址动态地交换主机的智能。
虽然仅有一个网络接口单元32和一个置顶电子设备10在图7中表示为直接连接，但取决于纵横制设备44的大小可利用直通电路纵横制设备44连接任何数量的直接连接对。网络接口单元32和置顶电子设备40均利用五个插脚位置或连接表示，每个连接是一对的。这与常规的电话插塞、电话RJ45一致，具有10个插脚位置。
内部网络34在网络接口单元32，置顶电子设备40与直通电路纵横制设备44之间提供连接。在优选实施例中，内部网络34是10或100base一T以太网。
网络接口单元32与置顶电子设备40之间的网络连接或直通电路的选择利用图7中表示的在下面描述中相互不同的字母后缀表示的许多交换机108建立。在图7的示例中，网络接口单元32与置顶电子设备40相互直接连接，并且网络接口单元32发送数据给置顶电子设备40。微处理器110用作直通电路纵横制设备44的控制器并控制交换机108的位置以响应要求直通电路执行的用户指令。例如，用户可以选择观看视频点播服务的电影并因此在手持遥控器上进行这个选择。为响应此选择，微处理器110随后改变交换机108的位置以便在连到传送视频点播业务的外部网络的网络接口单元32与耦合到用户希望观看电影的电视接收机的置顶电子设备40之间建立直通电路。
在这种情况中，交换机108a移到其所示位置以便将网络接口单元32的收发信机88的发送线路连到直通电路纵横制设备44的线路112。收发信机88的发送线路不再在主机42的Tx1端口上连到该网络。类似地，置顶电子设备40的收发信机92的接收线路通过交换机108g连到直通电路纵横制设备44的同一线路112。利用此时建立的此直通电路，通过网络接口单元32进入家庭的数据不经主机42在网络上进行广播，而是直接提供给在使用数据的位置上的置顶电子设备40。
虽然利用直通电路纵横制设备44建立的直通电路提供从网络接口单元32至置顶电子设备40的完美的数据通路，但也可能出现不是所有进入网络接口单元32的数据是预定给置顶电子设备40。例如，可以通过此特定的网络接口单元32接收电子邮件，并且家庭主人希望电子邮件传送至个人计算机，而不是传送至电视机。但是，一旦建立直通电路，由于直通电路而没有至网络34的连接。
为了解决此问题，置顶电子设备40检查它接收的数据包的地址并对于不预定给此置顶电子设备40的数据执行路由选择功能。此数据通过主机42由置顶电子设备40重新编路(re-route)到网络34。由终点连接(此示例中的置顶电子设备40)进行重新编路发送不需要系统使用昂贵与复杂路由器。置顶电子设备40具有微处理器120及有关的存储器122来识别数据包并发回该数据包至网络34。
网络接口单元32与置顶电子设备40之间的直通电路提供视频数据的无抖动连接，但通过主机重新编路其他数据到网络34允许一种以上类型的数据由网络接口单元32传送进家庭中。一旦建立网络接口单元32与置顶电子设备单元40之间的直通电路，置顶电子设备40要求碰撞检测以允许此检测发送给主机42。置顶电子设备40需要了解碰撞并在这样的碰撞发生时重发数据给网络34，在某些实施例中，能设置网络接口单元32禁止碰撞，这是因为碰撞不能出现在直通电路上。然而，在某些实施例中，在网络接口单元端口与置顶电子设备端口(通过纵横制设备44至网络34)中，为方便起见，包括相同的碰撞对。
在某些优选实施例中，五对线路之一可用于给系统提供画中画能力。例如，网络接口单元32可以在第二对发送线路上通过另一个收发信机88a提供第二数据流到独立的纵横制连接线路114上。具有也连到线路114的另一个收发信机88a的置顶电子设备40通过直通电路接收此第二数据流以便在电视屏幕上提供画中画。因此，可由独立的直通电路无抖动地提供两种画面。
在本发明的某些优选实施例中，纵横制交换机108利用响应来自控制器110的信号进行控制的晶体管的模拟MOS阵列实施，这仅是示例性的，然而，如本领域普通技术人员所意识到的，其他实施例采用不同设计的交换机。
虽然本发明的描述叙述各种单元的功能上的某些逻辑上不同的安排，但这些逻辑差别在不同的实施例中可以是不同的。例如，主机42描述为连到内部网络。然而，主机42也可以在逻辑上认为是内部网络的一部分，或甚至形成此网络，而其余有线连接形成将终端连到主机42的装置。因此，本领域普通技术人员将意识到：本说明书中所叙述与描述的逻辑差别仅是示例性的。
根据本发明的网络接口单元与置顶电子设备的分开提供许多设备在家中相互之间以及到外部世界的相对便宜的连接。
虽然本发明已详细进行描述和说明了，但应清楚地知道，这仅是用于说明与示例，并且不限制仅由所附权利要求书限制的本发明的精神与范畴。

Claims (5)

1.一种置顶电子设备和网络接口单元设备，包括：
网络接口单元，具有适于连到外部网络的网络接口模块和用于接口至内部网络的内部网络接口，此网络接口单元从外部网络提供信号给内部网络；和
置顶电子设备单元，具有接口至内部网络以便从内部网络中接收信号，耦合到此网络接口设备并变换利用内部网络接口设备从内部网络接收的信号以便由终端使用的信号变换器。
2.根据权利要求1的设备，其中网络接口单元包括MPEG传送设备，耦合到网络接口模块，用于从信号中的多个节目中选择单个节目。
3.根据权利要求2的设备，其中网络接口单元的内部网络接口包括MPEG至内部网络合成器，此合成器将来自MPEG时钟的信号时钟变换为内部网络时钟。
4.根据权利要求3的设备，其中置顶电子设备单元的内部网络接口设备包括内部网络至MPEG合成器，此合成器将来自内部网络时钟的信号时钟变换为MPEG时钟。
5.根据权利要求4的设备，其中网络接口单元的内部网络接口是以太网接口。
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CA2238408A1 (en) 1997-05-29
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