CN1193768A - 力传感接触垫 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种力传感接触垫包括:一个实质上刚性的接触面;一个实质上刚性的框件;多个与接触面成整体的并机械地与基准框件相连接的弹簧装置;及一个响应于施加在接触面上的力,根据与接触面和框的预定部分之间的距离成正比的电容量求解力的电路。
Description
本发明涉及用于计算机输入的接触传感装置。更具体地,本发明涉及可以检测手指及另外无源物体如非电子笔的传感垫。
对于设计一种能检测手指和/或无源物体施加力的输入垫已具有多种现有技术。虽然这些现有技术是可以目前得到的,但它们中每个均有限制。
电阻垫包括两个导电板。这种板通过用一无源物体使两个导电板压在一起来操作。电阻垫的缺点是需用由手指加大的压力值才能使两导电板接触。这导致手指疲劳及垫很快磨损。
电容性接触垫通过测量无源物体对地的电容量或通过测量不同传感器之间的转移电容量的变化来操作的。一个电容性接触垫的例子被描述在美国专利No.5,495,077(授予Miller)中。电容垫的制造便宜;它们不需要复杂的机械结构或非通常的制造步骤。但是,电容性接触垫仅能检测大的物体。小的物体如触针的端部没有足够的对地电容量或转移电容量,以便能被电容性接触垫检测。
表面声波装置通过沿垫表面发送声波并测量无源物体与声音的相互作用。这类装置工作良好,但对于通常应用极为昂贵。
多种技术组合地使用分开的并列传感器,如在美国专利No.5,231,381(授予Duwaer)中所指导的。但是Duwaer仅指导使用与有源笔一起工作的触针技术。并且,需要使用两两个完全独立的技术可能意味着输入装置成本的增加。
最后,已具有使用力传感器来测量由无源物体施加于接触垫上力的位置及幅值的装置。一种力敏感接触垫将测量由任何类型的无源物体施加的力,而不管物体的电导率及组成分分如何。这种装置最初描述在美国专利No.3,657,475(授予Pemneau等人)及美国专利No.4,121,049(授予Roeber)中。这类装置测量由接触垫在多个点上传递到固定框的力(例如在垫的角上)。Roeber公开了根据在多个点上测量的力来求解由无源物体施加力的位置及幅值的数学公式。
一种用于消费者设备、如计算机的基于力的接触传感器必须既便宜又精确。这种装置所需精度是在从约1克到约300克压力范围上传感手指及笔的能力,并在该范围上具有9比特的位置精度。该精度等级要求传感器能测量高达15mils的典型位移及具有14比特的噪音电平。该噪音电平相当于约23毫微米的位移。如果基于力的接触传感用在笔记本电脑中,必须足够的薄即小于约200mils的最大厚度。
Peronneau及Roeber的专利指导了一种接触垫,它们具有复杂的机械设计,因此提高了接触垫的成本并作得比所需要的还厚。Peronneau及Roeber装置的另一限制是它们易于受到施加的横向力对不精确的影响。
Peronneau及Roeber公开了使用应变仪来作为力测量装置。后来的力传感垫(例如美国专利No.4,621,533(授予Gindy);美国专利No.4,697,049(授予Peemoller);美国专利No.5,038,142(授予Flower等人);美国专利No.5,327,164(授予Fagard等人);美国专利No.5,241,308(授予Young);美国专利No.5,488,873(授予Delmas);美国专利No.4,511,760(授予Garwin))也使用应变仪,力敏感电阻或压电传感器。Roebev还公开了变型的应力传感机构、如线性可变差分传感器(LVDTs)及可变磁阻拾感器。所有这些力测量装置需要对接触垫附加额外的制造步骤和/或附加组件。因此,这些力测量装置提高了接触垫的成本。
美国专利No.4,355,202(授予DeCosta等人)及美国专利No.5,376,948(授予Roberts等人)指导使用可变电容传感器来检测由于施加力产生的力传感输入装置的位置。这两项专利指导的装置在机械上很复杂、具有复杂的部件。这种复杂性既增大了系统的成本,又使接触垫作得不合要求地厚。
授权给Kimura的美国专利No.4,550,384公开了一种由单件材料构成的力传感接触垫,并在单体材料的应力部分设置了应变仪。Kimura的机械设计没有减少力传感垫的成本及厚度。Kimura的机械设计还增加了接触垫的精度,因为单体材料能自由地允许上、下移动,但不易于横向移动。
但是,Kimura的接触垫需要使用应变仪。如上所述,应变仪增加了装置的成本,因为它们需要专门的制造步骤或安装在印刷电路板的附加部件。可以使应变仪由PC板的标准铜图形来制作,但是它们对于这种应用是不够精确的。此外,由Kimura指导的机械结构是不对称的。这种不对称性可导致不希望有的接触垫的非线性响应。
直到现在,在精度及成本之间的折衷阻止了力传感技术的广泛使用。上述可能呈现实现基于力的接触传感器的任务所需精度的多种传感器技术各具有其缺点。LVDTs及激光干涉仪价值几百或几仟美元,实际上这使得它们不能得到广泛使用。应变仪或钛酸铅-锆压电传感器比那些技术成本低些但不太精确,并仍需要专门的材料来选制,这就使得传感器的价格点上升到不能接收的程度。
还具有使用相对便宜的材料测量力的其它技术。例如,美国专利No.5,296,837(授予Yaniger)中描述了一种使用电阻性小粒测量力的材料。由Kynar作的便宜压电材料也可测量力。但是,这些系统太不精确,不能用作基于力的接触传感器四个角上的传感器。
尽管上述现有传感技术具有可利用性,但现有技术不能提供具有足够精度的低成本传感器。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种力传感技术,它能克服现有技术的某些不足。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种力传感技术,它的成本低但是有高精度。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种力传感技术,它具有低高度的构型。
本发明旨在克服现有技术的局限。本发明成本低,因为它使用可变电容性力传感器来取代应变仪。此外,仅由两个机械件组成的整个组件进一步减少了成本并使非常薄的输入装置的结构适用于便携式计算机。
因为使用力传感,本发明的力传感接触垫可广泛应用于由手指及触针的操作。本发明的力传感技术是精确的,因为垫悬浮装置与垫的接触面是一个整体并由于它是使用对称机械结构产生的。本发明的力传感接触垫制造成本低,精确,并占有很小体积,由此可使用在如便携式计算机这类装置上。
本发明的力传感技术通过使用多个弹簧将携带接触面的上平面件机械地连接到基准框架上可测量施加在接触面上的力的位置和幅值。作为最低成本,这些弹簧最好整体地与接触面形成一体,尽管单独的弹簧可连接在框架和接触面之间。在接触面每个角上的力是由测量接触面每角的位移来确定的。通过测量这些位移,就可确定每个传感器上力的值。由这些力的值就可计算出施加力的位置及幅值。
通过在每个角上布置可变电容器来测量位移,将可变电容器的一个板设在上平面体上,而另一板设在基准框架上。当力施加在接触面上时,接触面移近基准面及每个电容器的电容量作为电容器板间隔下降的单调函数地变化。弹簧最好是四重对称的,电容器的板可具有与接触面的长宽比相同的长宽比。为了改善传感器的线性度。使污物和灰尘离开振动板,在框体下方并离开板处包括一个下凹处。以便收集灰尘,或该系统可用薄保护盖层密封。
在传感器中每个电容器的电容量测量是将每个电容器接到独立振荡电路中来测量的。每个独立振荡器的振荡频率是其电容器电容量的单调函数,因此也是对立安装在接触面及基准框上的各电容器板之间的距离的单调函数。根据振荡器输出频率来确定接触面上物体的位置及其施加力的幅值。
图1是根据本发明一个目前优选实施例的力传感接触垫的上表面图;
图2a是通过图1中线2-2取得的该力传感接触面的横截面图;
图2b是图2a的力传感接触垫的实施例变型的横截面图;
图3a是根据本发明的包括设置在接触面上的保护层的力传感接触垫的替换实施例的横截面图;
图3b是根据本发明的并不同于图3a实施例的其保护层是设在接触面下方的力传感接触垫的替换实施例的横截面图;
图4是本发明力传感接触垫的输入表面的底视图;
图5是可能用来测量根据本发明的力传感接触垫的可变电容量的振荡电路的概要电路图;
图6是表示本发明接触传感器的数据处理整体结构的框图;
图7是表示用于将力传感接触垫安装到外部框架上的一个目前优选方法的本发明力传感接触垫的外边缘一部分的横截面图。
本领域中的普通熟练技术人员将会理解以下对本发明的描述仅是说明用的,并非任何形式的限制。对于这些熟练技术人员,他们自己将能容易地推荐出本发明的其它实施形式。
首先参照图1及2a,它们分别表示根据本发明的力传感接触垫10的顶视图及横截面图。图2a中的横截面图是通过图1中线2-2取得的。接触垫10包括框架部件12,它由刚性材料如金属冲压件构成。顶部平面件14由例如FR4印刷电路板材料或冲压金属件等材料构成,它与框件12相结合并通过设置多个弹簧件形成一个悬浮系统。
根据本发明的一个优选及说明性的实施例,该顶部平面件14构成矩形,虽然另外的形状也容由本领域普通技术人员自己来建议。这些本领域的普通技术人员将理解,在这里公开的本发明的该说明性实施例中顶部平面件14所采用的几何形状非常显著地与可用本发明概念的应用有关。
正如目前优选的,本发明的悬浮系统是在单个步骤中通过在顶部平面件14中产生多个槽16来形成的。在该实施例中,槽16将包括顶部平面件14的单件材料划分成:内区域接触表面18,多个弹簧部分20及一个外安装环22。正如目前优选的,槽16被布置成呈现理想的四重对称,由此减少了由机械设计产生的任何非理想特性。由该单个步骤确定的外安装环22可使用公知的方法方便地安装在参照框件12的外围,以形成本发明的悬浮系统。
根据这里说明的优选实施例,水平槽16的长度与顶部平面件14的左和右方的垂直槽16的长度相同,由此保证所有弹簧20的长度相同并由此理想地匹配。构成顶部平面件14的材料应实质上是刚性的,以使得将来自接触表面18的施加力线性地传递到弹簧20上,而不会使接触表面18变形,该变形将会使这里作出的测量精度降级,尤其是对于测量小的力。
为了说明这里公开的实施例,考虑力由一个物体例如一个手指或无源触针来施加的,但本领域的普通技术人员将看到,本发明可定标成测量这些物体能施加的力范围以外的力。本发明的力传感接触垫通过测量作为力施加结果的顶部平面件14及框件12的对立点之间的实际间隙来工作。
图2a的横截面图表示顶部平面件14的外安装环22和框件12之间的接触定位,并表示本发明原理的一个示范应用。根据本发明目前优选的实施例,在接触面18的周边设置了多个电容器24。每个电容器的上板由标号24a表示,它设置在接触面18的下方,而另一板用标号246表示,它设置在框件12中或与框件作成一体。
每个电容器的极板24a及24b被空气隙介质26隔离。作为目前优选形式,对立板24a及24b之间的距离在无力施加于接触表面18的情况下为约5mils及约20mils之间。根据折衷的设计方案,较小的电容器板距离允许使用较硬的弹簧20,这使得接触传感器10对外界振动不敏感。但是,在使用较小电容板距的设计时制造公差更严格。从这两方面折衷,在无力时电容器板距范围为约5mils到约20mils被认为是可接收的。本领域中的普通技术人员将理解,对本发明的其它实施例可通过仅改变弹簧刚度及空气隙介质26的尺寸来考虑。
根据本发明的一个目前优选的实施例,框件12是由导电材料如冲压金属件构成的并为电接地。在该实施例中,电容器板24b是与框件12作成一体的。当用手指或触针28向下压接触表面18时,电容器24的电容器板24a及24b将彼此靠近,这就增大了电容器24的电容量。如果手指或触针28直接置于接触表面18的中心,每个电容器24的对立板之间的距离将减少相同量,这在理论上就产生了所有电容器24相同的电容量变化。但是,如果手指或触针28放置在接触表面18上中心以外的地方,各电容器24对立板之间的距离将根据手指或触针28在接触面18上的位置而各减少不同量,及电容量的改变将不同。
如果上平面件14是由印刷电路板材料作的,电容器板24a可由其下表面的铜图形来形成。此外,另外的电路元件30、如参照图5公开的本发明传感电路的元件可放置在上平面件14的下表面上。这种布置允许制造出一种紧凑、整体的力传感接触垫。本领域中的普通技术人员将看到,标号30仅说明性地表示上平面件14底部的单个结构,多个单独结构如一个或多个集成电路和/或分离元件可被用来作为电路30。
电容器板24的紧附近处被接地,以便使电容器板24屏蔽以防外界噪音。根据本发明的该目前优选实施例,整个框件12是一个接地金属物体。正如本领域普通技术人员清楚的,该框件12最好向内延伸超过电容器板24b,如图2a所示,以便提供一个屏蔽电容板24b的接地板、以防止噪音从接触表面18中央的下方辐射过来。此外,上平面件14的表面也是接地的,以便屏蔽电容器板24、防止噪音从接触面18的上方辐射进来。上平面件14的上表面因此是整个传感器的接地板,它提供对电路30及框件12的接地。接触面18的上表面可覆盖一层薄聚酯薄膜层,以使它的触感良好。
作为一个替换实施例,电路30可置于框件12的上表面上。框12则将由印刷电路板材料作成且不接地。上表面件14的下表面反而接地。这个替换实施例较不可取,因为从电路30到电路板的连接将引起较高的制造成本。
另一方式,如图2b中所示,一块印刷电路板25可被粘接在接触面18上,这允许设计者使用弹簧钢或磷青钢等材料来作上平面件14。本领域的普通技术人员将理解,这些材料比标准的印刷电路板环氧/玻璃复合材料具有更好的弹性特性(如蠕变强度),虽然它们使整个力传感接触垫的组装更复杂。
在本发明的力传感接触垫10的正常使用期间,污物、灰尘、液体或另外的碎屑可能落入槽16内及通过积聚在空气隙电介质26中而影响力传感接触垫的工作。为了缓和该问题,框件12可设有离开电容器板2b并在其下方的包括一个灰尘收集区域的下凹区域32。该下凹区域32防止污物、灰尘、液体及另外的碎屑迁移到电容器板24a和24b之间的空气隙电介质26中。下凹区域32可设在槽16的下方,最好沿接触面18的整个周边。作为离开电容器板24a及24b的周边部分,可在下凹区域32的下面切出一个沟34(图2a及2b中虚线所示),以防止溢出。
图3a表示本发明的一个替换实施例的横截面图。图3a的实施例类似于图2a及2b中的实施例,所不同的是力传感接触垫顶部被一个薄保护层36完全密封。该保护层36例如可由具有厚度约2mils附近的氯丁橡胶片构成,或由类似材料构成。图3a的实施例可免于灰尘的影响,但由于被接触表面18被层36施加了轻微的力矩,该保护层影响了接触传感器的精度。本领域的普通技术人员将理解,图3a的实施例对周围环境是密封的并受到保护以免污物及灰尘的侵入,并由此不需要下凹区域32及与它们有关的沟34。
现在参照图36,它表示类似于图3a的一个替换实施例的横截面图。图36的实施例不同于图3a中所示实施例的地方是氯丁橡胶层36设置在接触面18的下面。
现在参照图4,它表示上平面件14的底视图。根据本发明一个目前优选实施例,安装在上平面件14上或与其为一体的电容器板24a具有与接触面18相同的长宽比,以便消除电容器非零尺寸的倾斜引起的非线性响应。因此,如图4中所示,电容器板24a的面具有选择的长及宽,以便产生和接触面18的长和宽相同的长宽比。
在一个根据本发明造制的力传感接触垫的实际实施例中,电容器板24a是由印刷电路板材料上的铜垫构成的,而电容器板24b与框12构成一体,它是一个接地的金属物体。在该目前优选的实施例中,电容器板24a构成为690mils来460mils尺寸的矩形(与接触面18的长宽比对应)。额定空气隙电介质厚度为11mils,每个电容器24未受力的电容量约为20PF。
正如由考察图4可看到的,安装在上平面件14上的电路30通过导体38与电容器片24a及非位于上平面件14上的另外电路相连接。导体38是形成在用于形成上平面件14的材料上的线道,它提供了与来自安装在接触面18底面上的电路的电子信号相连接的一种便利方式,而不会影响力的测量。正如本领域熟练技术人员显而易见的,用于传感器向外连接的导体38的端部必须不被基准框件12覆盖,以便能与外部系统连接。用于传感器向外连接的导体38可端接在伸在上平面件14的主矩形芯体的外面材料的接头39上。虽然在该附图中用两个象微性导体38来表示传感器的向外连接,但本领域的熟练技术人员将理解,在实施本发明的实际系统中可考虑使用多个导体并这将取决于具体的设计。也可以在接头连接器39中设置对外部的接地连接。该接地连接将连接到上平面件14的上表面,以提供整个传感器的接地。
在本发明的一个其上平面件14是由印刷电路板材料构成的实施例中,导体38可有利地构成的印刷电路板材料上的导电线道,如同电容器板24a那样。可以理解,也可以用另外的连接方法,例如设置导线来传送来自及到达电路30的信号。该另外的连接方法可能导致上平面件14及框件12之间的附加机械连接,并由此可能使该系统的精度降级,尤其是要适于检测小的力时。对于本领域的熟练技术人员来说显而易见的是,任何与电路30连接的但不是上平面件14上的线道的导线应作得尽可能的细以减小传感精度的下降。设置用于传感器向外连接的线道导体38来与上表面件14的外安装环22相连接可消除由这类信号导线引起的不精确度,并与本发明为获得对轻的力(例如约1克)敏感的某些实施例的目的是相一致的。图2b中所示的实施例不允许使用传感器外接的线道导体38。
许多不同的电容量测量方法在本领域中是公知的。例如,可使用电路测量各板之间的AC耦合,或改变电容器的电荷来测量结果电压的改变。另外的电容量测量电路可由本领域的熟练技术人员自己来建议。
现在参照图5,根据本发明该目前优选的实施例,一个振荡器40与每对电容器板24a和24b相连接。板24b保持接地。每个振荡器40享有与电容器板24b的公共地线并测量板24a上的电压,以在输出节点42上产生数字方波,该输出节点通过电阻44交替地使板24a充电和放电。该振荡器40可由公知的“555”振荡器集成电路来构成,它的基本特征为了说明目的被表示在图上。某些555振荡器的内部电路被表示在图5上,用于参考。
输出节点42上方波的频率与板24a及24b之间的电容量成反比。根据本发明该目前优选的实施例,对电阻44的值进行选择,以使得图5振荡器的振荡频率接近100KHz,尽管该电路能在非常宽的频率范围上工作。频率的设定需在精度和功耗之间作出折衷。当频率降低时,功耗值随频率线性地下降。但是,随频率降低,振荡器中的相位噪音将使接触垫的精度逐渐降低。100Khz被认为是一个精度和功耗之间的很好折衷。
电容器46是一个滤波电容器,它设置来滤去低于一定频率的电源噪音。电容器46的值与电阻48(555集成电路内部电阻)的值相乘的值应被选择得低于该系统使用的典型采样时间,如12.5毫秒。在该目前优选实施例中,该电容器46的值与电阻48的值相乘的值被选择为10毫秒。
正如本领域的熟练技术人员显而易见,可使用另外的振荡电路、如施密特触发器来代替振荡器40。该555集成电路振荡器被选择来减小功耗敏感性。此外,本领域的熟练人员将清楚,在本发明中可使用一种混合信号VLSIASIC集成电路,该电路将使用由电流源取代电阻的振荡电路。
参考图6,它表示本发明的接触传感器的数据处理总体结构的框图。每个电容器24与一个振荡器40相连接,后者将输出节点42上的方波发送给周期确定电路50。在输出节点42上的频率和/或周期可使用本领域公知的数字电路非常精确地测量。许多这类电路是公知的并将得到等效的精度。作为该种电路的说明例,可参见美国专利No.4,027,146(授权给Gilmore)、美国专利No.4,052,620(授权给Brunnett)、或美国专利No.4,350,950(授权给Waldmann等人)。一旦对于由每角上的电容器24驱动的振荡器确定出其周期,可使用微处理机52来计算施加力的X和Y轴位置及施加力(Z)的值。现在将公开在微处理机中发生的计算。
振荡器40的振荡周期根据下式正比于电容器24的电容量:
T=KC,式中T是周期,C是电容量及K是依赖于所使用电路的常数。该电容量C根据下式与电容器板24a和24b之间的距离相关: 式中C0是基本电容量,C1是正比电容量,及d是两板之间的距离。将这二式相合并,得到: 式中a0及b为常数。
由FR4作成的弹簧20非常接近线性,这意味着施加于角上的力F遵守下式:F=S(d0-d),式中S是弹簧的强度,d0是电容器两板之间当无力施加于接触面18时的距离。
在代数运算后,在角上的力通过下式与周期相关: 式中a0的定义如上,a1是常数,T0是无力施加于接触面18时的振荡周期。因此,为确定基于振荡周期的力,必须确定三个常数(T0、a0及a1)。
常数T0通过在无力施加于接触面18时的振荡周期的测量来确定。为了跟随振荡器的频移,微处理器52将检测无力施加于接触面的时间并存储无力施加时的周期T0。“无力”间隔的检测是本领域中公知的,并描述在授权于Allen等人的美国专利No.5,543,591中。
常数a0及a1在制造时被测量,即当一系列的已知力施加在垫的精确中心上时对振荡周期进行测量。常数a0及a1可通过本领域公知的使对于a0及a1的函数变为最小的最小二乘方近似法来计算: 式中Fi是施加在角上的半i已知为(它通常为总力除以4)及Ti是同一角上第i个测量周期。
一旦每角上的力被计算出,微计算机52可通过在美国专利No.4,121,049(授予Roeber)中公开的方法来计算施加力的幅值及位置,总力Z则为四个角上力F1至F4的和:
Z=F1+F2+F3+F4
施加力的X位置是左边两个力(F1及F2)减右边两个力(F3及F4),用Z规一处理的值:
施加力的Y位置是两个上侧力(F1及F3)减两个下侧力(F2及F4),用Z规一处理的值:
总之,公开了一种根据相应振荡器40的周期求解施加在每个角上的力的方法。该方法依赖于振荡器40的周期是电容器板24a及24b之间距离的单调函数及施加在每角的力是该同一距离的单调函数的事实。因此,该距离不需被直接算出;仅是计算与距离成单调变化的量。
现在参照图7,它表示本发明的用于将力传感接触垫10安装到外框54、例如便携式计算机或键盘的外框上的一个目前优选方法的本发明力传感接触垫10的外边缘部分的横截面图。仅是上平面件14的安装环22应牢固地连接到外框54上。弹簧20及接触面18应使响应施加力的移动自由。
为了改善抗尘性能及改善装置的美观,框54包括挡住弹簧20的遮圈56。因为灰层能被手指的移动而扫入槽16中,在接触面18顶部安装了一个盾框58。根据本发明该目前优选的实施例,盾框58在它最高点约120mils高,并与遮圈56形成一个间隙60,当没有力施加在接触面18上时该间隙为15mils。圈54及盾框56可由任何适合的便宜材料作成。盾框58上也可盖上一层触感好的层。
本发明的测力接触传感器尤其适用于笔记本电脑中使用,因为它的高度小于200mils的最大值。本发明的测力接触传感器具有能传感约1克到约300克范围内的手指及笔的压力,且在该范围上的位置精度为9比特。本发明的测力接触传感器能测量高到约15mils的典型位移,其噪音电平为14比特。
虽然已图解及描述了本发明的实施例及应用,但对于本领域的熟练技术人员来说在不偏离这里本发明的构思的前题下可作出上述以外的各种改型。因此本发明除受到附设权利要求书精神的限制外不受其它限制。
Claims (18)
1、一种力传感接触垫,包括:
一个实质上刚性的接触面;
一个实质上刚性的框件;
与所述接触面形成整体的多个弹簧装置,所述弹簧装置与所述框件机械地连接;及
多个与所述接触垫相连接的可变电容器;每个可变电容器具有的电容量是所述接触面及所述框件的选择部分之间距离的单调函数,每个所述可变电容器具有传感输出。
2、根据权利要求1的力传感接触垫,其中所述多个弹簧装置实质上阻止所述接触面及所述框件之间的横向移动。
3、根据权利要求1的力传感接触垫,其中所述弹簧装置是四重对称的形状。
4、根据权利要求1的力传感垫,还包括与所述多个可变电容器的所述传感输出相连接的装置,用于确定对接触面施加力的幅值及位置。
5、根据权利要求1的力传感垫,其中所述接触面具有矩形形状。
6、根据权利要求5的力传感垫,其中所述多个可变电容器包括四个可变电容器,每个所述可变电容器对称地位于以中心在所述接触面上的矩形的各个角上。
7、根据权利要求1的力传感接触垫,其中所述可变电容器的每个包括设在所述接触面上的第一板及设在所述框件上的第二板。
8、根据权利要求7的力传感接触垫,其中每个所述可变电容器包括被空气隙电介质隔开的第一板及第二板,所述每个可变电容器的第一板设在所述接触面的下表面并具有与所述接触面相同长宽比的矩形形状,所述每个可变电容器的所述第二板设在所述框件上。
9、根据权利要求8的力传感接触垫,其中所述框件包括一个导电材料及其中所述每个可变电容器的所述第二板包括所述框件的一部分。
10、根据权利要求1的力传感接触垫,还包括:
各个振荡器电路,每个被连接来传感所述可变电容器中不同的一个电容器的输出,所述各个振荡器电路具有的输出频率依赖于所述可变电容器的电容量;及
用于测量所述振荡电路输出频率及由此确定在其接触垫上物体施加力的位置及所述力幅值的装置。
11、根据权利要求1的力传感接触垫,其中所述框件包括下凹的碎屑收集区域。
12、根据权利要求1的力传感接触垫,还包括盖在所述接触面及所述弹簧装置上的薄保护盖层。
13、根据权利要求1的力传感接触垫,还包括设在所述接触面及所述弹簧装置下面的薄保护盖层。
14、根据权利要求1的力传感接触垫,其中所述接触面包括一层对机械弹簧特性优化的材料层及一个对印刷电路板性能优化的材料层。
15、根据权利要求1的力传感接触垫,具有的最大高度小于约200mils。
16、根据权利要求1的力传感接触垫,具有的下端力敏感度约为1克。
17、一种传感施加于接触垫的力施加幅值及施加点的方法,包括下列步骤:
设置一个实质上刚性的接触面;
设置一个实质上刚性的框体;
设置与所述接触面成整体的多个弹簧装置,所述弹簧装置与所述框件机械地连接;
设置多个与所述接触垫相连接的可变电容器,每个可变电容器具有的电容量是所述接触面及所述框件的选择部分之间距离的单调函数,每个所述可变电容器具有传感输出;
设置与所述多个可变电容器的所述传感输出连接的力确定装置,用以确定施加在所述接触面上力的幅值及位置。
18、根据权利要求17的方法,其中设定力确定装置的步骤包括以下步骤:
设置各个振荡器电路,每个与所述可变电容器中的不同的一个传感输出相连接,所述各个振荡器电路具有依赖于所述可变电容器电容量的输出频率;及
设置用于测量所述振荡电路的输出频率及由此确定在其接触垫上物体施加力的位置及所述力幅值的装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US744,283 | 1996-11-06 | ||
US08/744,283 US5854625A (en) | 1996-11-06 | 1996-11-06 | Force sensing touchpad |
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CN1193768A true CN1193768A (zh) | 1998-09-23 |
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CN97126478A Pending CN1193768A (zh) | 1996-11-06 | 1997-11-06 | 力传感接触垫 |
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US (1) | US5854625A (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH10198503A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR19980042097A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1193768A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW357315B (zh) |
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-
1996
- 1996-11-06 US US08/744,283 patent/US5854625A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-11-04 TW TW086116365A patent/TW357315B/zh active
- 1997-11-05 KR KR1019970058149A patent/KR19980042097A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-11-06 CN CN97126478A patent/CN1193768A/zh active Pending
- 1997-11-06 JP JP30421797A patent/JPH10198503A/ja active Pending
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100344071C (zh) * | 2002-05-30 | 2007-10-17 | 摩托罗拉公司 | 包括可更换盖的便携式装置 |
US7742041B2 (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2010-06-22 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display with touch sensing using variable capacitor sensor and photosensor |
US8395575B2 (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2013-03-12 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device including sensing element |
TWI406035B (zh) * | 2009-05-15 | 2013-08-21 | Innolux Corp | 液晶顯示裝置以及電子裝置 |
CN103530005A (zh) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-01-22 | 元太科技工业股份有限公司 | 触控显示面板的定位方法 |
CN103530005B (zh) * | 2012-07-03 | 2017-03-22 | 元太科技工业股份有限公司 | 触控显示面板的定位方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5854625A (en) | 1998-12-29 |
TW357315B (en) | 1999-05-01 |
JPH10198503A (ja) | 1998-07-31 |
KR19980042097A (ko) | 1998-08-17 |
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