CN1155664C - 包含基本上无胶凝聚合物混合物的溶剂基组合物 - Google Patents
包含基本上无胶凝聚合物混合物的溶剂基组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1155664C CN1155664C CNB988118912A CN98811891A CN1155664C CN 1155664 C CN1155664 C CN 1155664C CN B988118912 A CNB988118912 A CN B988118912A CN 98811891 A CN98811891 A CN 98811891A CN 1155664 C CN1155664 C CN 1155664C
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Classifications
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/09—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G81/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
- C08G81/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers at least one of the polymers being obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C08G81/024—Block or graft polymers containing sequences of polymers of C08C or C08F and of polymers of C08G
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C08L101/02—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
Abstract
公开一种溶剂基组合物，包含非水溶剂和基本上无胶凝的聚合物混合物。所述聚合物混合物包含A聚合物和B聚合物的反应产物，所述A聚合物是每个聚合物链有3.5或更多反应性官能团的加成聚合物，所述B聚合物每个聚合物链有约2至3个与所述A聚合物的反应性官能团共反应的官能团。所述溶剂基组合物包括涂料、粘合剂、油墨、底漆、套色印刷清漆等。
Description
本发明涉及包含聚合物混合物的溶剂基组合物，所述聚合物混合物是有较高分子量的高功能聚合物且基本上无胶凝。本发明的溶剂基组合物特别适用于或用作涂料、粘合剂、油墨、底漆、和套色印刷清漆。
技术领域
包含各种聚合物成分的溶剂基组合物是公知的。这种组合物通常用作涂料组合物、粘合剂、底漆、套色印刷清漆等。然而，在这些应用中所获得的特性和性能主要取决于聚合物成分。嵌段共聚物是这种聚合物成分之一。
有A(BA)n结构的嵌段共聚物是公知的。例如，US5 362 819描述了一种可固化的ABA嵌段共聚物，其中A嵌段为不饱和聚酯，优选有一或两个(不优选)羟基、羧基或胺端基，B嵌段为玻璃转化温度(Tg)为0℃或更低的挠性聚合物。据说所述挠性聚合物包括由共轭二烯单体制备的那些聚合物以及聚醚或饱和聚酯，通过酯基、酰胺基、脲基或氨酯基与A嵌段相连。
US4 347 339描述了一种水溶性阳离子嵌段共聚物，第一聚合物嵌段有大部分为季氨基的氨基官能团，第二聚合物嵌段有氨基官能团。所述聚合物嵌段可与其它聚合物的桥相连，但优选通过在第一聚合物嵌段中包括官能团如氯化物或环氧化物与第二聚合物嵌段的氨基官能团反应连接。
US4 851 474描述了一种嵌段共聚物，包括至少一种聚酯嵌段和弹性聚合物嵌段如一或多种共轭二烯的聚合物。所述弹性嵌段被官能化至仅掺入末端官能团，即每个聚合物嵌段仅掺入不多于2个官能团。
US5 008 334描述了含ABA嵌段共聚物的树脂，其中A嵌段是二元醇与一或多种双环氧化物的反应产物，B嵌段是环氧基封端的端羧基聚丁二烯或聚丁二烯/丙烯腈共聚物。由(i)二元醇和至少一个双环氧化物的反应产物和(ii)所述ABA嵌段共聚物的树脂混合物制备的胺基树脂用于电泳涂漆配方中。
US5 314 954描述了芳族聚酯-聚苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，通过有末端官能团如羟基、氨基或羧基的苯乙烯聚合物与过量的芳族二羧酸二卤化物缩聚，然后使所得缩合产物与芳族二羟基化合物界面聚合制成。据说这些芳族聚酯-聚苯乙烯嵌段共聚物有最少的未共聚苯乙烯，适用于制备光学仪器。
US5 384 184公开了聚酯嵌段共聚物，产生弹性回复率高且耐热性好的弹性纱。所述聚酯嵌段共聚物包括：(A)30-90％(重)包含苯二羧酸作为主要酸组分和羟基之间有5至12个碳原子的二元醇作为主要二醇组分的聚酯链段；和(B)70-10％(重)包含芳族二羧酸作为主要酸组分和乙二醇或1，4-环己烷二甲醇作为主要二醇组分的聚酯链段。
US5 496 876描述了一种聚醚酰胺嵌段共聚物，通过有反应性端基的聚酰胺与有反应性端基的聚醚序列共缩聚构成。这些聚醚酰胺嵌段共聚物与苯乙烯/二烯烃共聚物共混形成热塑性聚合物混合物。
US4 180 528描述了一种ABA型嵌段共聚物，其中A嵌段为一种加成聚合物，B嵌段为线型饱和聚酯。所述A嵌段和B嵌段通过加成聚合相连。
EP-A-0 687 690/A描述了一种生产有较低分子量的末端不饱和低聚物的高温聚合方法。还公开了有羧酸基的所述末端不饱和低聚物可与有两或多个醇官能团的多官能醇反应形成聚酯。但未公开有较高官能度的末端不饱和低聚物。
非常希望有这样一种溶剂基组合物，其包含至少一种高功能(优选有很高酸官能度)且高分子量但不易胶凝的聚合物混合物。
发明概述
本发明涉及溶剂基组合物，包括(i)一种非水溶剂和(ii)包含A聚合物和B聚合物的反应产物的聚合物混合物，所述A聚合物是每个聚合物链有3.5或更多反应性官能团的加成聚合物，所述B聚合物每个聚合物链有约2至约3个与所述A聚合物的反应性官能团共反应的官能团。优选地，所述B聚合物的基本上所有共反应性官能团均共反应。更优选地，所述A聚合物的反应性官能团是缩合反应性官能团。
一般地，A聚合物与B聚合物之摩尔比为约3∶1至约2∶1.7。优选地，当B聚合物为双官能团时，则A聚合物与B聚合物之摩尔比(基于两种聚合物的数均分子量Mn)为约2∶1至2∶1.7。当B聚合物为三官能团时，优选A聚合物与B聚合物之摩尔比为约3∶1。
所述缩合反应性官能团优选选自羧基、羟基、环氧基、异氰酸根基、羧酸酐基、磺基、酯化氧羰基或氨基。在优选实施方案中，所述A聚合物每个聚合物链有3.5或更多羧酸官能团。更优选地，此A聚合物为低分子量苯乙烯/丙烯酸/α-甲基苯乙烯聚合物。
在另一优选实施方案中，所述A聚合物每聚合物链有3.5或更多羟基官能团。此时，所述A聚合物最优选为低分子量苯乙烯/丙烯酸2-乙基己酯/甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯聚合物。
优选地，所述B聚合物为选自聚酰胺、聚酯、环氧化物、聚氨酯、聚有机硅氧烷和聚醚的缩合聚合物。还优选所述B聚合物的共反应性官能团为 羟基、环氧基、恶唑啉基或氨基。
用于本发明溶剂基组合物的聚合物混合物是较高分子量的高功能聚合物，意外地无胶凝或凝胶颗粒。这种聚合物混合物有宽分子量分布，使其实用性和性能特性增强。本发明的溶剂基组合物可用作涂料、粘合剂、油墨、底漆、套色印刷清漆等。
最佳实施方案
本发明溶剂基组合物是至少一组分的混合物，包括(i)至少一种非水溶剂和(ii)至少一种包含A聚合物和B聚合物的反应产物的聚合物混合物，所述A聚合物是每个聚合物链有3.5或更多反应性官能团的加成聚合物，所述B聚合物每个聚合物链有约2至约3个与所述A聚合物的反应性官能团共反应的官能团。
术语“溶剂基”意指至少一种本文中所述基本上无胶凝的聚合物混合物与至少一种非水溶剂的混合。所述聚合物混合物优选能溶于所述溶剂。但部分溶解的混合物也包括在本发明中。此外，明显不溶于所述溶剂的聚合物混合物也包括在本发明中。本发明还包括其中一或多种聚合物混合物以超过其溶解度的量加入的混合物。
本文中所用聚合物混合物描述在题为“聚合物混合物及其制备和应用”的共同待审美国专利申请[Docket No.J-2452]中。
本发明所用聚合物混合物的A聚合物是每个聚合物链有3.5或更多反应性官能团的加成聚合物。官能化加成聚合物的制备为本领域技术人员所公知。
优选地，所述A聚合物的反应性官能团为缩合反应性官能团。优选的缩合反应性官能团包括羧基、羟基、环氧基、异氰酸根基、羧酸酐基、磺基、酯化氧羰基或氨基。羧基和羟基官能团是最优选的。羧酸酐基意指：-C(＝O)OC(＝O)-所示二价官能团，其中两个自由价均与所述加成聚合物主链键合或相连；或R-C(＝O)OC(＝O)-所示一价基团，其中R为1-30个碳原子的烷基、6-20个碳原子的芳基、7-20个碳原子的芳烷基、或7-20个碳原子的烷芳基。磺基是-SO2OH所示基团，酯化氧羰基是-C(＝O)O-R所示基团，其中R与前面的意义相同，例如烷氧基羰基、芳氧基羰基、芳烷氧基羰基、或烷芳氧基羰基。
所述加成聚合物(为链增长聚合反应的产物)由烯属不饱和单体制备。这些化合物是公知的，包括例如：C2-20链烯、C3-20链二烯、C50-20链三烯、C5-20环烯烃、乙烯基取代的芳烃、丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的C1-20烷基酯、丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的C6-20芳基酯和丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的C7-20芳烷基酯。
更特别地，这种烯属不饱和单体包括但不限于：乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、2-丁烯、异丁烯、1-戊烯、2-甲基-2-丁烯、1-己烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯、3，3-二甲基-1-丁烯、2，4，4-三甲基-1-戊烯、6-乙基-1-己烯、1-庚烯、1-辛烯、1-癸烯、1-十二碳烯、丙二烯、丁二烯、异戊二烯、氯丁二烯、1，5-己二烯、1，3，5-己三烯、二乙烯基乙炔、环戊二烯、二环戊二烯、降冰片烯、降冰片二烯、甲基降冰片烯、环己烯、苯乙烯、α-氯代苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、烯丙基苯、苯乙炔、1-苯基-1，3-丁二烯、乙烯基萘、4-甲基苯乙烯、4-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙烯、4-氯代苯乙烯、3，4-二甲基-α-甲基苯乙烯、3-溴-4-甲基-α-甲基苯乙烯、2，5-二氯代苯乙烯、4-氟代苯乙烯、3-碘代苯乙烯、4-氰基苯乙烯、4-乙烯基苯甲酸、4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯、1，4-二羟基苯乙烯、3-硝基苯乙烯、2-氨基苯乙烯、4-N，N-二甲氨基苯乙烯、4-苯基苯乙烯、4-氯-1-乙烯基萘、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯醛、甲基丙烯醛、丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸降冰片烯酯、二丙烯酸降冰片酯、丙烯酸2-羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯、丙烯酸2-羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟丙酯、烯丙醇、丙氧基化烯丙醇、乙氧基化烯丙醇、丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙酯、丙烯酸三甲氧基甲硅烷氧基丙酯、丙烯酸二环戊烯酯、丙烯酸环己酯、丙烯酸2-甲苯氧基乙酯、N，N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯、丙烯酸乙酯、α-氯代丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸β-二甲氨基乙酯、N-甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、新戊二醇二丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸环己酯、甲基丙烯酸己酯、甲基丙烯酸2-甲基环己酯、甲基丙烯酸β-溴乙酯、甲基丙烯酸苄酯、甲基丙烯酸苯酯、甲基丙烯酸新戊酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、氯代丙烯酸、氯代丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸己酯、丙烯酸十二烷酯、丙烯酸3-甲基-1-丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯、丙烯酸苯酯、丙烯酸丁氧基乙氧基乙酯、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、丙烯酸异癸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、甲氧基聚(乙烯氧基)12丙烯酸酯、十三烷氧基聚(乙烯氧基)12丙烯酸酯、氯代丙烯腈、丙烯酸二氯异丙酯、乙基丙烯腈、N-苯基丙烯酰胺、N，N-二乙基丙烯酰胺、N-环己基丙烯酰胺、氯乙烯、偏二氯乙烯、偏二氰乙烯、氟乙烯、偏二氟乙烯、三氯乙烷、乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、丁酸乙烯酯、苯甲酸乙烯酯、乙烯基丁醛、氯乙酸乙烯酯、乙酸异丙烯酯、甲酸乙烯酯、甲氧基乙酸乙烯酯、己酸乙烯酯、油酸乙烯酯、己二酸乙烯酯、甲基乙烯基酮、甲基异丙烯基酮、甲基α-氯代乙烯基酮、乙基乙烯基酮、羟甲基乙烯基酮、氯甲基乙烯基酮、二乙酸亚丙烯酯、甲基乙烯基醚、异丙基乙烯基醚、丁基乙烯基醚、2-乙基己基乙烯基醚、2-甲氧基乙基乙烯基醚、2-氯乙基乙烯基醚、甲氧基乙氧基乙基乙烯基醚、羟乙基乙烯基醚、氨乙基乙烯基醚、α-甲基乙烯基甲基醚、二乙烯基醚、乙二醇或二甘醇或三乙醇胺的二乙烯基醚、环己基乙烯基醚、苄基乙烯基醚、苯乙基乙烯基醚、羟甲苯基乙烯基醚、羟苯基乙烯基醚、马来酸二甲酯、马来酸二乙酯、马来酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、马来酐、富马酸二甲酯、富马酸二丙酯、富马酸二戊酯、乙烯基乙基硫醚、富马酸二丙酯、富马酸二戊酯、乙烯基乙基硫醚、二乙烯基硫醚、乙烯基对甲苯基硫醚、二乙烯基砜、乙烯基乙基砜、乙烯基乙基亚砜、乙烯基磺酸、乙烯基磺酸钠、乙烯基磺酰胺、乙烯基苯甲酰胺、乙烯基吡啶、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基咔唑、N-(乙烯基苄基)-吡咯烷、N-(乙烯基苄基)哌啶、1-乙烯基芘、2-异丙烯基呋喃、2-乙烯基氧芴、2-甲基-5-乙烯基吡啶、3-异丙烯基吡啶、2-乙烯基哌啶、2-乙烯基喹啉、2-乙烯基苯并恶唑、4-甲基-5-乙烯基噻唑、乙烯基噻吩、2-异丙烯基噻吩、茚、苯并呋喃、1-氯乙基乙烯基硫醚、乙烯基2-乙氧基乙基硫醚、乙烯基苯基硫醚、乙烯基2-萘基硫醚、烯丙基硫醇、二乙烯基亚砜、乙烯基苯基亚砜、乙烯基氯苯基亚砜、乙烯基磺酸甲酯、乙烯基磺酰苯胺、未保护和保护的乙酰乙酰氧基官能单体(例如甲基丙烯酸乙酰乙酰氧基乙酯和丙烯酸乙酰乙酰氧基乙酯)、未保护和保护的间四甲基异氰酸酯、未保护和保护的甲基丙烯酸异氰酸根合乙酯等。
所述加成聚合物的烯属不饱和单体单元至少之一必须有反应性官能团如缩合反应性官能团，优选羧基、羟基或环氧基，最优选羧基或羟基。酸官能烯属不饱和单体的例子包括但不限于：乌头酸、丙烯酸、丙烯酸β-羧甲酯、肉桂酸、巴豆酸、富马酸、衣康酸、马来酸、甲基丙烯酸、及其混合物。据说含有所谓“潜在”酸部分的某些单体如环状酐也适用。因此，适合的环状酐包括但不限于衣康酸酐、马来酸酐及其混合物。最优选丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸单体。缩合反应性官能团优选为乙烯属不饱和单体的一部分，但如需要也可在形成聚合物之后加入所述加成聚合物中。
优选地，用作所述A聚合物的加成聚合物是丙烯酸类共聚物或苯乙烯/丙烯酸或苯乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物，更优选苯乙烯/α-甲基苯乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物。一般地，所述优选的苯乙烯/丙烯酸加成聚合物由10-90％(重)苯乙烯和10-90％(重)丙烯酸组成。如需要，所述苯乙烯可被α-甲基苯乙烯替代或与其混合。除非另有说明，本文所用“％(重)”为聚合物总重的重量百分率。用作所述A聚合物的另一种优选的加成聚合物是羟基丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物或苯乙烯/羟基丙烯酸酯或苯乙烯/羟基甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物，更优选苯乙烯/羟基丙烯酸酯(或甲基丙烯酸酯)/丙烯酸酯(或甲基丙烯酸酯)共聚物。
可在本发明聚合物混合物中用作A聚合物的再另一种加成聚合物是如题为“多支化聚合物的制备方法”的共同待审美国专利申请[Docket No.J-2583]中所公开的多支化聚合物，该文献引入本文供参考。有末端烯属不饱和的这种多支化聚合物优选每个多支化聚合物有3.5或更多缩合反应性官能团。
典型地所述加成聚合物是Mn在约500至约50000之间、优选约900至约3000的低分子量聚合物。如前面所述，所述加成聚合物的缩合反应性官能度必须为至少3.5或更大，优选在约3.5至约20之间，最优选在约3.5至约10之间。
所述加成聚合物的制备为本领域技术人员所公知，包括气相聚合、溶液聚合、间歇聚合、连续反应器或管聚合、悬浮聚合和乳液聚合。这种加成聚合物的制备方法描述在US4 413 370、US4 529 787、和US4 546 160中。
用于本发明聚合物混合物的B聚合物有约2至约3个与所述A聚合物的反应性官能团共反应的官能团。优选的B聚合物的官能团包括羟基、羧基、环氧基、恶唑啉基和氨基，但与所述A聚合物的反应性官能团共反应的任何基团均包含在本发明范围内。所述B聚合物可以是加成聚合物或缩合聚合物，但优选为缩合聚合物。所述缩合聚合物可以是聚酰胺、聚酯、聚醚或聚氨酯。与加成聚合物一样，缩合聚合物的制备也为本领域技术人员所公知。例如，聚酯可用常用的熔融法采用过量的乙二醇以及锡(tine)催化剂制备。聚酰胺可容易地用熔融法不使用催化工艺制备。
聚酯或聚酰胺的制备一般需要使用多羧酸。多羧酸的例子包括但不限于：己二酸、壬二酸、二苯酮四羧酸二酐、1，4-环己烷二羧酸酯、氯茵酸酐、二聚酸、富马酸、戊二酸、六氢邻苯二甲酸酐、衣康酸、间苯二甲酸、马来酸或酐、邻苯二甲酸酐、癸二酸、辛二酸、琥珀酸、对苯二甲酸、四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、偏苯三酸酐、烷基琥珀酸酐、5-钠磺基间苯二甲酸、或5-锂磺基间苯二甲酸。一般地，聚酯制备中采用组分，如1，3-丁二醇、1，4-丁二醇、环己烷二甲醇、二甘醇、二丙二醇、2，2-二甲基-1，3-戊二醇、2-丁基-2-乙基-1，3-丙二醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、季戊四醇、三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、三羟乙基异氰脲酸酯、1，6-己二醇、1，5-戊二醇、三甘醇、四甘醇、氢化双酚A、甘油或2-甲基-1，3-丙二醇。
聚酰胺的制备中，聚酰胺的官能组分典型地选自乙二胺、1，6-己二胺、2-甲基-1，5-戊二胺、异佛尔酮二胺、亚甲基二环己基胺或三甲基己二胺。
起始的酸为聚合的脂肪酸，为一元酸(C18)、二元脂肪酸(C36)和三元或多元脂肪酸(C54或更高)的混合物。二羧酸包括脂族、环脂族和芳族二羧酸，如草酸、戊二酸、丙二酸、己二酸、琥珀酸、癸二酸、壬二酸、辛二酸、庚二酸、对苯二酸、1，4-或1，3-环己烷二甲酸、萘二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、十四烷二酸。优选的二羧酸是有至少6个碳原子、更优选6至约22个碳原子的直链脂族二羧酸，如癸二酸、十四烷二酸、和壬二酸。可加入一元羧酸以控制分子量。优选的一元羧酸为线型，有2至22个碳原子。最优选硬脂酸和油酸。
制备聚酰胺中所用二胺可以是一或多种已知的有约2至约20个碳原子的脂族、环脂族或芳族二胺。优选亚烷基二胺如乙二胺、1，3-二氨基丙烷、1，4-二氨基丁烷、对二甲苯二胺、1，6-己二胺、环己胺、二(4-环己胺)甲烷、2，2’-二(4-环己胺)丙烷、聚乙二醇二胺、异佛尔酮二胺、间二甲苯二胺、环己基二(甲胺)、聚氧化烯二胺(Huntsman以商品名Jeffamin出售)、2-甲基-1，5-戊二胺、1，4-二(2-氨乙基)苯、二聚二胺、聚醚二胺、甲基五亚甲基二胺、和哌嗪。优选的二胺是2至约20个碳原子的直链脂族二胺，特别是乙二胺和六亚甲基二胺，和环脂族二胺，特别是4，4’-亚甲基二(环己胺)和哌嗪。可加入单胺控制分子量。优选的单胺是线型的，有2至22个碳原子。最优选硬脂基和油基胺。
所述缩合聚合物还可包括单官能化合物以控制官能度。例如，在聚酯的制备中可采用一元酸如苯甲酸、对叔丁基苯甲酸、藜芦酸、松香酸、月桂酸、及由豆油、亚麻籽油、妥尔油和脱水蓖麻油等制备的那些脂肪酸，而在聚酰胺的制备中可采用单胺如硬脂基胺、牛脂胺和环己胺等。
优选的聚酰胺组合物采用尼龙型单体如己二酸和2-甲基-1，5-戊二胺或二聚酸基单体，使用有异佛尔酮二胺的二聚酸。优选的聚酯单体包括间苯二甲酸和二羧酸环己酯与常用的二醇如3-甲基-1，3-丙二醇、2，2，-二甲基-1，3-丙二醇、和环己烷二甲醇。
本发明中所用聚合物混合物可通过上述A和B聚合物在足以形成所述聚合物混合物的反应温度和时间条件下聚合制备。优选所述反应为逐步增长聚合反应，即缩聚反应。本发明另一实施方案涉及通过A聚合物与B聚合物反应制备所述聚合物混合物的方法，其中所述A聚合物是每个聚合物链有3.5或更多反应性官能团(优选缩合反应性官能团)的加成聚合物，所述B聚合物每个聚合物链有约2至约3个与所述A聚合物的反应性官能团共反应的官能团。所述反应优选在足以通过反应所述B聚合物上基本所有共反应性官能团形成所述聚合物混合物的温度和时间条件下进行。优选地，当B聚合物为双官能时，A聚合物与B聚合物共混的摩尔比为约2∶1至约2∶1.7。当B聚合物为三官能时，A聚合物与B聚合物共混的摩尔比优选为约3∶1。采用双官能和三官能B聚合物的混合物时，本领域技术人员很容易确定优选的共混比。
反应温度和时间取决于所述A和B聚合物。例如，如果通过酯化进行A和B的缩合，则反应温度可达240℃或更高，如果通过形成氨酯链进行缩合，可能只需在室温下进行。用于制备所述聚合物混合物的方法的反应温度一般在约-50℃至约300℃之间，优选约150℃至约240℃。反应温度应不超过A聚合物或B聚合物之任一的分解温度。典型地使反应温度保持0.5至约6小时。
如需要，在制备本发明聚合物组合物中可采用溶剂和催化剂。溶剂和催化剂的使用为本领域技术人员所公知。重要的是A和B聚合物彼此相容产生适当的混合。如果这些聚合物不相容，可采用溶剂或逐步添加聚合物以克服此不足。本领域技术人员所公知溶剂也可用于控制粘度和在不使用高温时适度混合。此外，少量溶剂可用于反应产物如二甲苯以共沸除去水。
本发明所用聚合物混合物的分子量一般较宽。高重均分子量(Mw)和z-均分子量(Mz)均可，而数均分子量(Mn)一般不高。本发明所用聚合物混合物优选为在基本上不存在凝胶的情况下由低分子量聚合物制备的高分子量聚合物混合物。不受理论限制，据信是反应聚合物的官能度导致不存在凝胶。
所得到的用于本发明的聚合物混合物可采取嵌段共聚物的形式，例如ABA嵌段共聚物。但本发明聚合物混合物不限于嵌段共聚物，可产生例如不认为是嵌段共聚物的高度支化的或复合聚合物。
一般地，用于本发明的聚合物混合物的重均分子量在约4000至约250000的范围内，更优选在约5 000至约50 000之间(用聚苯乙烯标准通过凝胶渗透色谱法测量)。此外，有酸官能团的优选聚合物混合物典型地酸值在约40至约200之间。通过改变A和B聚合物的单体组成很容易改变该聚合物混合物的玻璃化转变温度，这对本领域技术人员是显而易见的。典型地平均Tg为-50℃至120℃，但最终用途一般决定了Tg的类型。
工业实用性
本发明涉及工业应用的溶剂基组合物的制备，包含本文所述基本上无胶凝的聚合物混合物。本发明所用聚合物混合物与溶剂或溶剂体系混合。该聚合物混合物可与溶混或不溶混的其它组分一起使用。本发明的溶剂基组合物特别适用作涂料、套色印刷清漆、地板涂饰剂、粘合剂、纸用油墨、底漆、薄膜印刷用墨和薄膜底漆。
本发明溶剂基组合物可通过上述基本上无胶凝的聚合物混合物与要求的溶剂或溶剂体系混合制备。还可通过就地在所要溶剂或溶剂体系中制备所述基本上无胶凝的聚合物混合物制备所述溶剂基组合物。具体的加料量取决于聚合物混合物和所用溶剂或溶剂体系。一般地，所述溶剂基组合物中溶剂量典型地在组合物的约5至约95％(重)的范围内，优选为组合物的约5至约60％(重)。
适用于本发明的非水溶剂范围很宽。溶剂的例子包括：酮类如甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮、甲基戊基酮和二异丁基酮，酯类如乙酸丁酯和乙酸戊酯，芳烃如甲苯、二甲苯和更高沸点的芳烃混合物，脂族烃如矿油精、无味矿油精和VMP石脑油，和二醇醚如乙二醇的丁醚和二甘醇的丁醚。可根据最终用途选择溶剂，溶剂的选择为本领域技术人员所公知。重要的是本发明溶剂基组合物中所用聚合物混合物倾向于有更宽的溶解度而非单独的A或B聚合物。
本发明溶剂基组合物可含有其它组分，其性质取决于组合物的具体应用。例如，本发明组合物可含有交联剂、消泡剂、滑爽添加剂、着色剂、润湿剂、颜料或染料、和蜡。本领域普通技术人员能够根据其应用如涂料、粘合剂、油墨、和底漆很容易地确定用于本发明溶剂基组合物的其它组分。
通过以下实验详述将更好地理解本发明。但本领域技术人员很容易理解所述具体方法和结果仅用于说明本发明而不限制本发明。
实验详述
“A”聚合物
有羧酸官能团的苯乙烯/α-甲基苯乙烯/丙烯酸树脂的制备
“A”聚合物(1)
如下制备低分子量苯乙烯/α-甲基苯乙烯/丙烯酸树脂：在连续搅拌的罐式反应器(CSTR)中，在490°F(254℃)下，用3％(摩尔)引发剂，使22％苯乙烯、45％α-甲基苯乙烯和33％丙烯酸在20％二甲苯中聚合12分钟停留时间，然后汽提出溶剂和任何未反应单体。
所得苯乙烯/α-甲基苯乙烯/丙烯酸树脂的数均分子量(Mn)、重均分子量(Mw)、和z均分子量(Mz)分别为1170、1770和2590。该聚合物的数均羧酸官能度(Fn)、重均羧酸官能度(Fw)、酸值(固体)、玻璃化转变温度(Tg)(起始和中点)示于表1中。
“A”聚合物(2-4)
以与A聚合物1相同的方式制备苯乙烯/α-甲基苯乙烯/丙烯酸树脂。这些树脂的组分和特性与A聚合物1的一起示于表1中。
羟基官能的丙烯酸类树脂的制备
“A”聚合物(5)
使甲基丙烯酸甲酯(27％)、丙烯酸丁酯(15％)和丙烯酸2-羟乙酯(58％)溶解于20％乙酸丁酯中，以与US4 546 160中所述基本相同的方式在450°F下聚合15分钟。然后使反应产物在乙基二甘醇二甲醚中的固含量降至51％固体。所得羟基官能的丙烯酸类树脂数均分子量为1180，每链羟基官能度为5.28。
表1
| A聚合物 | ％STY/AMA/AA | Mn | Mw | Mz | Fn | Fw | 酸值 | Tg(起始/中点) |
| 1 | 22/45/33 | 1060 | 1607 | 2360 | 5.08 | 7.71 | 267 | 75/81 |
| 2 | 22/45/33 | 1180 | 1810 | 2700 | 5.72 | 8.78 | 266 | 79/85 |
| 3 | 13/55/32 | 988 | 1459 | 2124 | 4.74 | 265 | 77/85 | |
| 4 | 22/45/33 | 1003 | 1512 | 2231 | 4.72 | 7.12 | 264 | 73/83 |
| STY-苯乙烯AMS-α-甲基苯乙烯AA-丙烯酸 | ||||||||
“B”聚合物
聚酯聚合物的制备
“B”聚合物(1)
如下制备聚酯：将2-甲基-1，3-丙二醇(43.06份；21.53lb；9.77kg)、间苯二甲酸(47.65份；23.83lb；10.81kg)和Fascat 4100(购自Elfatochem Chemical的锡催化剂)(0.08份；0.04lb；0.20kg)装入氮气氛下的反应器中。加热至210℃，并使塔顶保持在100℃或更低。反应至酸值低于5，然后冷却至150℃，放置过夜。第二天将反应物再加热至150℃，然后加入1，4-环己烷二甲酸酯(24.69份；12.35lb；5.60kg)和Fascat 4100(0.02份；0.01lb；0.005kg)。再将反应物加热至220℃，同时保持氮气层。塔顶保持在100℃或更低温度下，反应至酸值达至5或更低。所得聚酯树脂的数均分子量(Mn)为3023，重均分子量(Mw)为6486，z均分子量(Mz)为10720。测定Tg起始时为8℃，中点时为14℃。
“B”聚合物(2-6)
以与B聚合物1类似的方式制备聚酯树脂，但聚酯的组分和/或组分的摩尔比不同。B聚酯(1-6)的组分、摩尔比、Mn、Mw、Mz、和Tg(起始/中点)示于表2中。
表2
| B聚合物 | 组成 | 摩尔比 | Mn | Mw | Mz | Tg℃(起始/中点) |
| 1 | MpDiol/间苯二甲酸/CHD)A | 10/6/3 | 3023 | 6486 | 10720 | 8/14 |
| 2 | Esterdiol 204/间苯二甲酸 | 4/3 | 1294 | 1975 | 2893 | 1/6 |
| 3 | CHDM/壬二酸 | 7/6 | 2695 | 5756 | 9556 | -48/-42 |
| 4 | 新戊二醇/马来酐/己二酸 | 13/3/9 | 2432 | 4851 | 8347 | -40/-37 |
| 5 | Esterdiol 204/CHDM/间苯二甲酸 | 5/3/7 | 2332 | 4452 | 7055 | 25/31 |
| 6 | 同上(5％过量二醇) | 5/3/7 | 2427 | 4442 | 6958 | 24/29 |
| CHDA-1，4-环己烷二甲酸CHDM-1，4-环己烷二甲醇MpDiol-2-甲基-1，3-丙二醇，购自ARCO Chemical，Newton Square，PAEsterdiol 204-购自Union Carbide，Danbury，CT. | ||||||
聚酰胺树脂的制备
“B”聚合物(7)
在氮气氛下将SylvodymT-18二聚酸(C36二聚酸，购自ArizonaChemical)(77.198份)、KemamineP-990D(硬脂基胺，购自WitcoChemical)(4.150份)、和Dow Corning 200(有机硅消泡剂)(0.002份)装入反应器中，加热至130℃。然后，将异佛尔酮二胺(16.140份)和DytekA(购自E.I.DuPont de Nemours)(2-甲基-1，5-戊二胺)(7.340份)加入所述反应混合物中，并使温度保持在130和135℃之间。在氮气吹扫下，将反应混合物缓慢加热至约220℃，并保持此温度直至除去基本上所有理论水。得到胺官能的聚酰胺树脂。Mn＝3160(理论)；碱值＝31；Tg＝6/12℃。
“B”聚合物(8)
将SylvodymT-18二聚酸(76.598份)、环己胺(1.500份)和Dow Corning 200(0.002份)装入反应器中，加热至130℃。然后将异佛尔酮二胺(26.700份)加入反应器，并使温度保持在130和135℃之间。在氮气吹扫下将反应混合物缓慢加热至220℃以除去水。保持此反应温度直至除去基本上所有水，回收聚酰胺。Mn＝3184(理论)；碱值＝29；Tg＝29/38℃。
聚氨酯B聚合物的制备
“B”聚合物(9)
将乙基二甘醇二甲醚(EDG)(600.3g)和2-甲基-1，3-丙二醇(MPD)(146.4g)加入2升4颈反应烧瓶中。该烧瓶配有搅拌器、N2入口、热电偶和收集水的带有阱的冷凝器。在氮气下将混合物加热至150℃除去任何过量的水或溶剂杂质。约1小时后，使反应混合物冷却至30℃，除去氮气。然后将四甲基二甲苯二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)(454.2g)通过加料漏斗以约1滴/秒的速率加入反应混合物中3小时，其间反应温度保持在80℃。回收聚氨酯低聚物。Mn＝2582(理论)。
聚合物混合物的制备
实施例1
将聚酯树脂-B聚合物(1)(963.0g)加入反应烧瓶中，加热至150℃。经过15分钟逐渐加入A聚合物(1)-苯乙烯/α-甲基苯乙烯/丙烯酸树脂(541.7g)，然后加入二甲苯(45g)。阱中充满二甲苯使反应烧瓶中保持3％二甲苯，将反应混合物加热至230℃抽出水。反应进行6.5小时。所得聚合物混合物的Mw为26180，Mn为3444，Mz为109700，Tg为25/36℃(起始/中点)。
实施例2-11
以与实施例1相似的方式由A聚合物-苯乙烯/α-甲基苯乙烯/丙烯酸树脂和B聚合物-聚酯树脂制备各种聚合物混合物。这些聚合物混合物的组分和各种特性示于表3中。
表3
| 实施例 | A聚合物 | B聚合物 | 摩尔比B/A | ％B | 酸值 | Mn | Mw | Mz | Tg℃(起始/中点) |
| 2 | 3 | 2 | 1/2 | 40 | 140 | 1655 | 4261 | 9619 | 40/51 |
| 3 | 1 | 3 | 1/2 | 48 | 116 | 2618 | 16770 | 62610 | 5/17 |
| 4 | 1 | 4 | 1/2 | 55 | 116 | 2824 | 95260 | 864200 | -2/8 |
| 5 | 1 | 5 | 1.2/2 | 58 | 102 | 2345 | 8378 | 20450 | 47/56 |
| 6 | 1 | 6 | 1.2/2 | 58 | 93 | 2723 | 11550 | 33320 | 48/56 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 | 1/2 | 59 | 102 | 2715 | 20440 | 91990 | 40/45 |
| 8 | 1 | 1 | 1.25/2 | 65 | 72 | 3719 | 36310 | 382800 | 22/27 |
| 9 | 2 | 1 | 1.25/2 | 62 | 83 | 3008 | 23000 | 102900 | 31/40 |
| 10 | 2 | 1 | 1.4/2 | 65 | 72 | 3845 | 44700 | 234800 | 21/31 |
| 11 | 2 | 1 | 1.62/2 | 69 | 62 | 4327 | 139300 | 4015000 | 19/28 |
| 12 | 1 | | 1/3 | 34 | 148 | 2318 | 207000 | 2327000 | 3/19 |
| ≠Tone 1320三醇-购自Union Carbide.Danbury，CT的聚己内酯多元醇 | |||||||||
实施例13
由A聚合物(5)(即羟基官能的丙烯酸类树脂)和B聚合物(9)(即聚氨酯低聚物)制备聚合物混合物。向配有氮气入口、冷凝器、搅拌器和热电偶的1升4颈反应烧瓶中加入263.7g B聚合物(9)。然后向烧瓶中加入6滴二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTDL)。将溶液预热至70℃，然后将A聚合物(5)缓慢滴入反应混合物中。加完所有A聚合物(5)之后，反应温度升至85℃，使反应进行约4.5小时。所得溶液为深黄色。Mn＝2646；Mw＝6411；Mz＝17290；OH值＝58。
实施例14
由A聚合物(4)(即苯乙烯/丙烯酸树脂)和B聚合物(8)(即聚酰胺树脂)制备聚合物混合物。将A聚合物树脂(38.85份)装入反应器中，然后在氮气、搅拌下加热至180℃。在180℃下加入B聚合物(8)(61.85份)。再将混合物加热至220℃，并保持此温度直至除去水。然后使温度升至230℃，收集聚合物混合物。Mn＝2799；Mw＝26990；Mz＝93660；Tg＝42/62℃；AV＝80。
实施例15
以与实施例14相似的方式制备聚合物混合物，但所述苯乙烯/丙烯酸树脂即A聚合物为39.03份，所述B聚合物为B聚合物(7)。Mn＝2939；Mw＝24300；Mz＝87920；Tg＝30/46℃；AV＝38。
实施例16
由A聚合物(4)和B聚合物-数均分子量(Mn)为639、官能度为2羟基/摩尔的聚环氧丙烷(购自Dow Chemical，Midland，Michigan的PP0 425)制备聚合物混合物。在无溶剂和催化剂的情况下在约210至238℃的温度下使摩尔比为2∶1的所述A聚合物和B聚合物反应形成所要聚合物混合物。所得聚合物混合物的Mn为1688、Mw为5945、Mz为17120、酸值(固体)为164、和Tg为45/55℃(起始/中点)。
实施例17
以与实施例16相似的方式制备聚合物混合物，但所述B聚合物为数均分子量(Mn)为1256的聚环氧丙烷(购自Dow Chemical的PPO 1000)。所述B聚合物的官能度为2羟基/摩尔，该嵌段共聚物的合成温度在约215至234℃的范围内。所得聚合物混合物的Mn为1861、Mw为8251、Mz为24510、酸值(固体)为131、和Tg为-2/10℃(起始/中点)。
实施例18
以与实施例16相似的方式制备聚合物混合物，但所述B聚合物为数均分子量(Mn)为3479的聚环氧丙烷(购自Dow Chemical的PPO 4000)。所述B聚合物的官能度为2羟基/摩尔。该聚合物混合物的合成温度在约220至240℃的范围内，用甲苯作为溶剂。所得聚合物混合物的Mn为2520、Mw为17340、Mz为45190、酸值(固体)为62.89、和Tg为-54/-46℃(起始/中点)。
实施例19
以与实施例16相似的方式制备聚合物混合物，但所述B聚合物为数均分子量(Mn)为377的聚环氧乙烷(购自Dow Chemical的PEO 200)。所述B聚合物的官能度为2羟基/摩尔。该聚合物混合物的合成温度在约200至220℃之间。所得聚合物混合物的Mn为1601、Mw为5219、Mz为15350、酸值(固体)为180.8、和Tg为59/67℃(起始/中点)。
实施例20
以与实施例16相似的方式制备聚合物混合物，但所述B聚合物为数均分子量(Mn)为882的聚环氧乙烷(购自Dow Chemical的PEO 600)。所述B聚合物的官能度为2羟基/摩尔。在约200至220℃之间的合成温度下制备该聚合物混合物。所得聚合物混合物的Mn为1819、Mw为6784、Mz为17730、酸值(固体)为156.7、和Tg为18/27℃(起始/中点)。
实施例21
以与实施例16相似的方式制备聚合物混合物，但所述B聚合物为数均分子量(Mn)为4333的聚(环氧丙烷-β-环氧乙烷)(购自BASF的Pluronic 123)。所述B聚合物的官能度为约2羟基/摩尔。该聚合物混合物的合成温度在约200至230℃之间。所得聚合物混合物的Mn为3074、Mw为23710、Mz为46970、酸值(固体)为50.2、和Tg为-61/-53℃(起始/中点)。
其它聚合物混合物用表A中所述A聚合物和表B中所述B聚合物制备。
表A
| A聚合物 | 组成 | 官能团 | AV* | Mn | Mw | Tg | FN |
| I | 苯乙烯/丙烯酸a | 羧基 | 277 | 923 | 1637 | 45 | 4.56 |
| II | 苯乙烯/丙烯酸b | 羧基 | 269 | 1116 | 1779 | 67 | 5.35 |
| III | STY/AA | 羧基 | 289 | 1000 | 1526 | 65 | 5.15 |
| IV | STY/AMS/AA | 羧基 | 264 | 1003 | 1512 | 71 | 4.72 |
| V | MMA/AA | 羧基 | 339 | 1121 | 1753 | 36 | 6.77 |
| VI | C-14α-烯烃/MAn | 酐 | - | 2327 | - | - | 7.9 |
| VII | STY/MMA/GMA | 环氧基 | - | 2200 | - | - | 3.8 |
| VIII | 丙烯酸类c | 羟基 | - | 1400 | - | - | 3.5 |
| IX | MMA/BA/HEA | 羟基 | - | 1180 | - | - | 5.28 |
| a Joncryl 682，购自SC Johnson Polymer，Sturtevant，Wisconsinb Morez 300，购自Morton International，Chicago，Illinoisc Joncryl 569，购自SC Johnson Polymer* 基于聚合物固体的酸值STY-苯乙烯；AA-丙烯酸；AMS-α-甲基苯乙烯；MMA-甲基丙烯酸甲酯；MAn-马来酸酐；GMA-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯；BA-丙烯酸丁酯；HEA-丙烯酸羟乙酯 | |||||||
表B
| B聚合物 | 组合物 | 官能团 | Mn | FN |
| I | 线型聚酯a | 1°羟基 | 1000 | 2 |
| II | 支化聚酯b | 1°羟基 | 900 | 3 |
| III | 线型聚酯 | 羧基 | 1700 | 2 |
| IV | 线型聚氨酯 | 异氰酸根基 | 2500 | 2 |
| V | 线型二聚酸聚酰胺 | 1°氨基 | 4028 | 2 |
| VI | 线型二聚酸聚酰胺 | 恶唑啉基 | 3776 | 2 |
| VII | 线型己二酸尼龙 | 1°氨基 | 1020 | 2 |
| VIII | 线型聚丙二醇c | 2°羟基 | 425 | 2 |
| IX | 环氧树脂d | 环氧基 | 600 | 2 |
| X | 聚醚二胺e | 1°氨基 | 600 | 2 |
| a Rucoflex 1015-120，购自RUCO Polymer Corp，Hicksville，New Yorkb Tone 0310，购自Union Carbide Corp.，Danbury，Connecticutc Polyglycol P425，购自Dow Chemical Co.，Midland，Michigand EPON 836，购自Shell Chemical Co.，Houston，Texase Jeffamine ED 600，购自Huntsman Corp.，Houston，Texas | ||||
实施例I
通过本体热聚合法制备聚合物混合物
向配有搅拌器、氮气喷射管、和配有冷凝器的Dean Stark阱的1000ml四颈烧瓶中装入468g有羧基官能团的苯乙烯/丙烯酸聚合物(A聚合物I)。在150-180℃下加热至熔融。然后加入140.4g有伯羟基(1°)的支化聚酯(B聚合物II)达到摩尔比3A∶1B。使温度升至220℃并保持该温度直至除去8.4g水。然后将产物倒入盘中冷却。最终产物示于表C中。
实施例II-VI
用下表C中所示A和B聚合物，在220-240℃之间的反应温度下，以与实施例I基本相同的方式制备一些聚合物组合物。
实施例VII
通过溶剂回流法制备聚合物混合物
向配有搅拌器、氮气喷射管、和配有冷凝器的Dean Stark阱的1000ml四颈烧瓶中装入518.3g有羧基官能团的甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合物(A聚合物V)。然后加热至150-180℃使之熔融，开始搅拌。然后加入96.9g有仲(2°)羟基官能团的线型聚环氧丙烷(B聚合物VIII)和13.6g甲基正戊基酮(MAK)。然后将反应器分级加热：在180℃下1小时，然后在200℃下1小时，最后在220℃下1小时。将产物倒入盘中冷却。用水-MAK回流，除去10.6g水。
实施例VIII和IX
以与实施例VII基本相同的方式制备两种聚合物混合物，但用二甲苯代替MAK，且使用表C中所示A和B聚合物。
实施例X
通过溶剂法制备聚合物混合物
向配有搅拌器、氮气层和冷凝器的1000ml四颈烧瓶中装入222.2g50％有羧基官能团的苯乙烯/丙烯酸聚合物(A聚合物III)和50％二甘醇二乙醚的溶液。开始搅拌后，加入277.8g 50％有异氰酸根官能团的线型聚氨酯聚合物(B聚合物IV)和50％二甘醇二乙醚的溶液。混合5分钟后，加入0.25g购自Air Products的Metacure T12催化剂，温度升至65℃并保持4小时。然后将产物倒入1夸脱的瓶中，冷却。
实施例XI-XIV
用下表C中所示A和B聚合物，在125至190℃范围内的反应温度下，以与实施例X基本相同的方式制备几种聚合物混合物。
实施例I-XIV所用A聚合物和B聚合物的组成和所得聚合物混合物的性质示于表C中。
表C
| 实施例号 | A聚合物 | B聚合物 | 摩尔比A∶B | Bwt.％ | Mn | Mw | Mz | 起始Tg | 结束时官能度 |
| I | I | II | 3∶1 | 23 | 1703 | 9566 | 36210 | 18 | 153AV |
| II | I | I | 2∶1 | 29 | 1751 | 7506 | 22840 | -6 | 143AV |
| III | I | VI | 2∶1 | 66 | 2087 | 8369 | 22420 | ND | 70AV |
| IV | I | V | 2∶1 | 71 | 2982 | 11810 | 22430 | ND | 55AV |
| V | VIII | III | 2∶1 | 38 | 2609 | 62120 | 1,714,000 | ND | ND |
| VI | IV | VII | 2∶1 | 34 | ND | ND | ND | 76 | 140AV |
| VII | V | VIII | 2∶1 | 16 | 1699 | 5996 | 18760 | 26 | 250AV |
| VIII | I | VIII | 2∶1 | 18 | 1292 | 3194 | 6696 | 26 | 176AV |
| IX | II | VIII | 2∶1 | 16 | 1534 | 4401 | 11220 | 38 | 173AV |
| X | III | IV | 2∶1 | 56 | 1385 | 4228 | 9618 | ND | ND |
| XI | VII | III | 2∶1 | 33 | 2288 | 5590 | 10150 | ND | ND |
| XII | IX | IV | 2∶1 | 53 | 2646 | 6411 | 17290 | -29 | ND |
| XIII | VI | X | 2∶1 | 12 | ND | ND | ND | ND | 300AV |
| XIV | IV | IX | 2∶1 | 24 | 1485 | 5609 | ND | ND | 155AV |
ND＝未测定；AV＝酸值
涂料
实施例SC-1和SC-2，及对比例SC-CM-1和SC-CM-2实施例SC-1和SC-2为含有表C中所述高Mw聚合物混合物(实施例V)的溶剂基树脂组合物。对比例SC-CM-1和SC-CM-2为用J-569(羟基官能的丙烯酸酯树脂，购自S.C.Johnson Polymer，Sturtevant，Wisconsin)制备的组合物。制备与SC-CM-2相似但含有表B中所述线型聚酯III的对比例。然而，该对比例以及仅有聚酯即没有羟基官能的丙烯酸酯的那些由于聚酯的结晶性而不能涂布。每种组合物均如下制备：使所述聚合物组分与三聚氰胺交联剂(Cymel 303，购自CYTEC Industries，West Paterson，New Jersey)、甲基戊基酮、对甲苯磺酸(基于树脂总固体0.5wt％)、甲醇(基于树脂总固体10wt％)、DC57(有机硅滑爽添加剂，购自Dow Corning，Midland，Michigan；基于树脂总固体0.1wt％)混合得到含有约55％(重)固体的组合物。所述交联剂存在比例为88％聚合物组分：12％交联剂。SC-CM1、SC-1、SC-CM2和SC-2的组成示于表D中。
表D
| 组分(％w/w) | SC-CM1 | SC-1 | SC-CM2 | SC-2 |
| J569 | 45.1 | - | 39.4 | 0- |
| 聚合物混合物，表C实施例V | - | 49.4 | - | 45.7 |
| Cymel 303 | 10.4 | 5.6 | 15.6 | 9.8 |
| p-TSA | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.27 |
| DC57 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| 甲醇 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
| 甲基戊基酮 | 39.18 | 39.18 | 39.18 | 39.18 |
将所述制剂涂布在Bondrite 1000(磷酸铁处理过的钢)板上，在150℃下烘烤30分钟，得到干膜厚度为1.5±0.01mil的涂层。用有16mm(5/8”)球的反面冲击试验仪，在10步中使该板的背面经受在1N-m(10inch lb)至18N-m(160inch lb)范围内的力，使涂层经受反面冲击试验。各冲击试验的结果在卤素灯照度下用约2×放大倍数的放大镜观察。在最差等级0至最佳等级10内评定每个冲击试验，其中10代表无龟裂形成。通常由最高英寸-磅评定涂层，通过即无龟裂。所制得涂层的试验结果示于表SC-A中。
表SC-A
| 反面冲击，牛顿米 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 6.8 | 7.9 | 9.0 | 0.2 | 11.3 | 12.4 | 13.7 | 14.7 | 15.8 | 17.0 | 18.1 | 平均等级 | ||
| SC-CM-1 | 等级 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| 破裂形式 | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | ||
| 破裂形式 | c | c | c | |||||||||||||||
| SC-1 | 等级 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 9.4 |
| 破裂形式 | c | c | c | c | c | |||||||||||||
| SC-CM-3 | 等级 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| 破裂形式 | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | ||
| 破裂形式 | c | c | c | c | c | c | c | ps | c | |||||||||
| SC-2 | 等级 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 7.1 |
| 破裂形式 | c | psc | c | c | c | c | ||||||||||||
| s-星形破裂ps-部分星形破裂c-圆形破裂 | ||||||||||||||||||
进行其它物理试验，结果示于表SC-B中。
每块板进行三次Konig硬度试验。在试验#1中测量所有板，然后重复，与每次在一块板上进行3次测量相对。三次试验的平均值以及标准偏差示于表中。铅笔擦伤硬度试验列出未使涂层从基材上剥离的最高铅笔等级。干膜厚度用有2.17mil标定薄片的Elcometer 256FN(t2)计量。相对湿度用Cole Palmer Hygrometer，3309-50测量为约54％。
试验数据示于表SC-B中。此外，还列出Mandrel Bend试验结果、涂料粘度、和耐甲基乙基酮的试验结果。
表SC-B
| Cymel303fnlty | 反面 冲击 | MandrelBend | Eag Turq铅笔 | Konig硬度 | MEKDouble | 200次摩擦 | 涂料粘度 | ||
| 最大″#w/o龟裂 | 0-10标度的均值；来自10-160″# | 最低通过的 | 最高通过的 | 3次均值 | 合格/不合格 | 磨损 | 厘泊，加入pTSA后约6小时 | ||
| SC-CM-1 | 4.8 | ＜10 | 0 | 19mm(3/4″) | H | 112 | 合格 | 无 | 20 |
| SC-1 | 4.8 | 110 | 9.4 | 3.2mm(1/8″) | H | 80 | 合格 | 轻-中度 | 176 |
| SC-CM-3 | 2.7 | ＜10 | 0 | ＞25mm＞(1″) | H | 121 | 合格 | 几乎无 | 17 |
| SC-3 | 2.7 | 90-110 | 7.1 | 3.2mm(1/8″) | H | 114 | 合格 | 无 | 139 |
结果表明本发明溶剂基组合物提供极好的涂料。特别地，结果显示用本发明溶剂基组合物制备的涂料挠性比用羟基官能的丙烯酸酯树脂制备的涂料更好。此外，线型聚酯和羟基官能的丙烯酸酯的共混物溶解度与由其构成的聚合物混合物不同。因此，本发明的溶剂基组合物可克服与聚合物共混物相伴的溶解度问题，同时获得要求的薄膜或涂层特性。
本发明的其它改变和修改对本领域技术人员是显而易见的。本发明的范围由后面的权利要求书限定。
Claims (14)
1.一种溶剂基组合物，包括(i)一种非水溶剂和(ii)包含A聚合物和B聚合物的反应产物的无胶凝聚合物混合物，所述A聚合物是每个聚合物链有3.5或更多反应性官能团的加成聚合物，所述B聚合物每个聚合物链有2至3个与所述A聚合物的反应性官能团共反应的官能团，其中所述B聚合物的基本上所有共反应性官能团均已共反应，A聚合物与B聚合物之摩尔比为3∶1至2∶1.7。
2.权利要求1的溶剂基组合物，其中所述B聚合物每个聚合物链有2个官能团，A聚合物与B聚合物之摩尔比为2∶1至2∶1.7。
3.权利要求1的溶剂基组合物，其中所述B聚合物每个聚合物链有3个官能团，A聚合物与B聚合物之摩尔比为3∶1。
4.权利要求2或3任一项的溶剂基组合物，其中所述A聚合物的所述反应性官能团为缩合反应性官能团，选自羧基、羟基、环氧基、异氰酸根基、羧酸酐基、磺基、酯化氧羰基、氨基或其混合物。
5.权利要求2或3任一项的溶剂基组合物，其中所述B聚合物为选自聚酰胺、聚酯、环氧化物、聚氨酯、聚有机硅氧烷和聚醚的缩合聚合物。
6.权利要求5的溶剂基组合物，其中所述B聚合物的所述共反应性官能团为羟基、羧基、环氧基、恶唑啉基、酯基、氨基、异氰酸根基或其混合物。
7.权利要求6的溶剂基组合物，其中所述A聚合物每个聚合物链有3.5或更多羧基官能团。
8.权利要求7的溶剂基组合物，其中所述A聚合物为Mn在500至50000范围内的苯乙烯/丙烯酸/α-甲基苯乙烯聚合物。
9.权利要求6的溶剂基组合物，其中所述A聚合物每个聚合物链有3.5或更多羟基官能团。
10.权利要求9的溶剂基组合物，其中所述A聚合物为Mn在500至50 000范围内的苯乙烯/丙烯酸2-乙基己酯/甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯聚合物。
11.权利要求1的溶剂基组合物，其中所述非水溶剂选自酮类、酯类、芳烃、脂族烃和二醇醚。
12.权利要求1的溶剂基组合物，还包括交联剂。
13.权利要求1的溶剂基组合物，还包括颜料或着色剂。
14.权利要求1的溶剂基组合物，还包括选自交联剂、消泡剂、滑爽添加剂、着色剂、润湿剂、蜡及其混合物的至少一种其它组分。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/968,326 | 1997-11-12 | ||
| US08/968,326 US6162860A (en) | 1997-11-12 | 1997-11-12 | Solvent based interactive polymeric compositions containing a substantially non-gelled composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1281489A CN1281489A (zh) | 2001-01-24 |
| CN1155664C true CN1155664C (zh) | 2004-06-30 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB988118912A Expired - Fee Related CN1155664C (zh) | 1997-11-12 | 1998-11-12 | 包含基本上无胶凝聚合物混合物的溶剂基组合物 |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6162860A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1030891B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2001525440A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100562471B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1155664C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE220706T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU744238B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9814632A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2309953C (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69806630T2 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2181325T3 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX211766B (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ504349A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW574292B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1999028389A1 (zh) |
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| DE69816649T2 (de) * | 1997-11-12 | 2004-04-15 | JohnsonDiversey, Inc., Sturtevant | Polymerisatzusammensetzungen, ihre herstellung und verwendung |
| CA2409021A1 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-11-29 | Arizona Chemical Company | Nitrocellulose-compatible laminating ink resins |
| AU2002210576A1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-15 | Basf Drucksysteme Gmbh | Use of hyperbranched polyurethanes for producing printing inks |
| CA2427151A1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2003-04-28 | Basf Drucksysteme Gmbh | Liquid printing inks for flexographic and/or intaglio printing comprising hyperbranched polymers as the vehicle |
| AU782834B2 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2005-09-01 | Rohm And Haas Company | Pigment dispersant composition |
| FR2830256A1 (fr) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-04 | Nexans | Composition polymere supramoleculaire, ainsi que son procede de fabrication et cable comportant une telle composition |
| DE60312482T2 (de) * | 2002-02-01 | 2007-06-21 | Basf Corp. | Oligomere kettenverlängerer zur behandlung und nachbehandlung sowie dem recycling von kondensationspolymeren, darauf basierende zusammensetzungen und anwendungen derselben |
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| US7316844B2 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2008-01-08 | Brewer Science Inc. | Spin-on protective coatings for wet-etch processing of microelectronic substrates |
| DE102005025970A1 (de) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-07 | Basf Ag | Poröse Polyisocyanat-Polyadditionsprodukte |
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| US7709178B2 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2010-05-04 | Brewer Science Inc. | Alkaline-resistant negative photoresist for silicon wet-etch without silicon nitride |
| US8192642B2 (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2012-06-05 | Brewer Science Inc. | Spin-on protective coatings for wet-etch processing of microelectronic substrates |
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| JP5876496B2 (ja) | 2010-10-05 | 2016-03-02 | ヒューレット−パッカード デベロップメント カンパニー エル．ピー．Ｈｅｗｌｅｔｔ‐Ｐａｃｋａｒｄ Ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ， Ｌ．Ｐ． | インク印刷可能な構成物 |
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| CN108034301A (zh) * | 2011-04-15 | 2018-05-15 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 含有超支化聚酯的印刷油墨 |
| CN103756652B (zh) * | 2014-01-20 | 2016-05-25 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司工程技术研究院 | 一种油基钻井液用乳化剂及其制备方法 |
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-
1997
- 1997-11-12 US US08/968,326 patent/US6162860A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-11-12 CA CA002309953A patent/CA2309953C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-12 BR BR9814632-7A patent/BR9814632A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-11-12 ES ES98966435T patent/ES2181325T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-12 CN CNB988118912A patent/CN1155664C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-12 DE DE69806630T patent/DE69806630T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-12 NZ NZ504349A patent/NZ504349A/en unknown
- 1998-11-12 AU AU22932/99A patent/AU744238B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-11-12 AT AT98966435T patent/ATE220706T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-11-12 JP JP2000523274A patent/JP2001525440A/ja active Pending
- 1998-11-12 WO PCT/IB1998/002153 patent/WO1999028389A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-11-12 KR KR1020007005070A patent/KR100562471B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-11-12 EP EP98966435A patent/EP1030891B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-02-02 TW TW88101580A patent/TW574292B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-05-12 MX MXPA00004643 patent/MX211766B/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-25 US US09/648,850 patent/US6372841B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW574292B (en) | 2004-02-01 |
| US6162860A (en) | 2000-12-19 |
| JP2001525440A (ja) | 2001-12-11 |
| DE69806630T2 (de) | 2003-03-20 |
| BR9814632A (pt) | 2000-10-03 |
| US6372841B1 (en) | 2002-04-16 |
| CA2309953C (en) | 2008-02-05 |
| NZ504349A (en) | 2002-05-31 |
| WO1999028389A1 (en) | 1999-06-10 |
| AU744238B2 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
| KR20010031961A (ko) | 2001-04-16 |
| KR100562471B1 (ko) | 2006-03-21 |
| CN1281489A (zh) | 2001-01-24 |
| CA2309953A1 (en) | 1999-06-10 |
| ATE220706T1 (de) | 2002-08-15 |
| MX211766B (es) | 2002-12-03 |
| EP1030891B1 (en) | 2002-07-17 |
| ES2181325T3 (es) | 2003-02-16 |
| MXPA00004643A (es) | 2001-10-01 |
| DE69806630D1 (de) | 2002-08-22 |
| AU2293299A (en) | 1999-06-16 |
| EP1030891A1 (en) | 2000-08-30 |
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