CN1148569C - 基于读取头电阻的现场压力传感器及压力检测方法 - Google Patents
基于读取头电阻的现场压力传感器及压力检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有磁阻(MR)读取头和控制单元的磁性记录盘驱动器,该控制单元包括响应在MR读取头反馈信号中获取的热阻信号的工作压力逻辑功能。热驱动器内侧空气的热传导率受气压影响。硬盘驱动器内侧在从MR读取头向其四周的热传导中的波动影响MR读取头的温度,从而,影响MR读取头的热阻率。基于热阻信号,可以确定读取头的温度,基于MR读取头温度、内部压力和内部工作温度的预定关系,该温度又被用于确定压力。
Description
技术领域
本发明总地涉及存储装置,且具体涉及硬盘驱动器内的压力检测。
背景技术
硬盘驱动器为磁性存储装置,其包含至少一个可旋转的磁性盘片,用于读取数据和/或写入数据的磁性记录头、用于将磁性记录头支撑在盘片附近的滑块、用于弹性支撑并向盘片偏压滑块的悬挂组件、以及连接到记录头/滑块/悬挂组件上,用于在盘片表面上移动记录头的定位致动器。在某些传统磁盘驱动器中,当盘片在其工作速度旋转时,滑块悬浮在盘片表面之上的空气支承上。空气支承受硬盘驱动器中大气压力的影响,并可以根据工作环境条件而变化。例如,膝上型计算机的发展导致计算机被用于更高及更低压力的地方。硬盘驱动器会在承受压力、温度、和湿度变化的地方投入使用。在低压下,滑块的提升能力减弱,这就减小了记录头和盘片之间的空气支承的高度。该作用增大了硬盘驱动器磁头碰撞的机率,对于硬盘驱动器来说,由于该碰撞会使其无法使用因而是灾难性的事件。
已经进行了一些尝试来补偿工作大气压力的变化。典型地,单独的传感器被用于检测由硬盘驱动器环境变化产生的不同参数的变化。美国专利6,011,666公开了使用不同的传感器以检测不同的环境参数。被检测到的信息用于调整盘片的转速和/或控制磁头进行寻道工作。受让人的专利6,067,203公开了一种方法,该方法包括利用用于检测硬盘驱动器中工作大气压力的专用压力传感器,以在大气压力到达预先定义的阈值时,控制盘片的转速成为若干离散盘片转速之中适宜的一个。
存在多个与用在现有技术所应用的硬盘驱动器中的专用的大气压力传感器相伴的缺点。专用压力传感器增加了元件成本、需要安装所用的内部空间、增大元件失效的风险、以及增加另外的电路。所需要的是具有压力检测能力,不存在现有技术的利用传统压力传感器的硬盘驱动器的任何缺陷的硬盘驱动器。
发明内容
本发明通过应用磁头的温度特性的变化来确定封闭存储单元内的工作压力而克服了现有技术的缺点。在一个具体实施例中,本发明基于磁阻(MR)磁头的热阻特性来测量硬盘驱动器的内部压力。在MR磁头温度、内部压力、以及内部工作温度之间存在着一定关系,且在给定工作温度下,压力反比于磁头温度。
附图说明
图1是体现压力测量原理的磁盘存储系统的简化示意图/方块图;
图2是体现本发明的系统中的巨磁阻(GMR)磁头以及盘片的示意性剖视图;
图3是在三种不同内部压力下的GMR磁头温度相对文件基准温度的曲线;
图4是示出来自根据本发明的GMR磁头热阻特性的测量值和利用压力传感器得到的压力测量值之间的对比曲线。
具体实施方式
在以下描述中,参照附图以具体实施例形式对本发明加以描述。虽然本发明是通过实现本发明目的的最佳实施方式来描述,本领域技术人员应理解的是在不背离本发明的精髓或范围前提下,考虑到这些教导内容可以实现各种变化。
图1示出实现本发明的磁盘存储系统的简化的示意性方块图。磁盘存储系统包括至少一个可转动磁盘片22和至少一个滑块24,所述磁盘片被支撑在芯轴26上并被盘片驱动电机旋转,而滑块24定位在磁盘片22附近盘片表面36处。数据以同心数据磁道(未示出)的环形图形形式存储在每个盘片22上。每个滑块24包含一个或多个磁头34,并通过一个整体的悬挂组件28固定到定位器悬臂32上。每个定位器悬臂32被固定到致动器装置42上。如图1所示,致动器装置可以为音圈电机(VCM)。随着盘片22转动,滑块24被致动器42控制以移动过盘片表面36,以便滑块24可以接近所需数据被记录或读取的盘片表面36的不同位置。滑块24在旋转的盘片表面36之上以紧密靠近方式飞行,悬浮在磁头34和旋转的盘片表面36之间形成的空气支承48上。所述整体的悬挂组件28提供了向盘片表面36偏压滑块24的轻微的弹力,并控制滑块24在相对旋转盘片表面36垂直、以及摇摆和俯仰运动中的微量柔性。导线50将代表磁头温度的磁头34热阻变化的反馈提供到控制单元46,磁头存储系统的各种元件在操作上都被控制单元46产生的控制信号控制,该信号诸如导线38的驱动电机信号、导线44上的磁头定位和寻道控制信号。根据以下所描述的本发明,基于磁头的热传导率,控制单元也确定硬盘驱动器的内部空气压力。读和写信号通过记录通道40与磁头34通信。磁盘存储系统的所有元件被封闭在壳体45中。
图2示出盘片10、GMR读/写头21、以及滑块13的一部分的剖视图。MR磁头技术由于其较高的灵敏度,而作为当今用在高磁道密度硬盘驱动器中的优选读/写头技术之一。滑块13包含被形成为沿屏蔽62的薄膜磁头的写入头70和MR读取头60,而该屏蔽62作为用于薄膜淀积的基片。MR读取头60一般被称为磁阻材料的“带”,且位于淀积屏蔽62和第二屏蔽63之间。写入头70具有电感线圈73和记录间隙75。记录间隙75由极尖76和屏蔽63形成。MR读取头端部61和记录间隙75朝向盘片表面11取向,以用于读取和写入。在工作中,空气支承存在于MR读/写头21和盘片11的旋转表面之间。
MR读/写头21的工作总地类似于名为“具有基于来自热阻磁头的热阻信号检测振动的磁盘驱动器”的美国专利5,777,815中所描述的,该专利完全合并于此以作为参考。一般地,MR读取头60的阻力随着在磁盘10上记录的数据的磁性区域的变化而改变。恒定的偏置电流由控制单元46提供,以用于确定读取头60内的电阻的变化。
MR读取头60的温度(Ts)为名义温度,由于由施加到MR读取头60上的恒定偏置电流所产生的焦耳热,该温度大于硬盘驱动器内部的环境工作温度(Ta)。温度Ts由在MR读取头60内耗散的电能以及硬盘驱动器中从MR读取头60向其四周的热传导来确定。在硬盘驱动器84中的压力影响从MR读取头60向四周空气的热传导。当环境工作温度Ta被保持恒定时,由于空气热传导率的变化,在MR磁头温度Ts和驱动器壳体内的内部气压84之间存在反比关系。例如,在给定工作温度Ta下,由于热传导率的增加,MR磁头温度Ts将随着内部气压84增大而降低。可以对温度Ts和内部气压之间的精确关系加以标定。
温度Ts的起伏导致MR读取头60电阻的波动,这会导致来自恒定偏置电流下的MR读取头60的基线信号的调制。不同于由磁阻效应产生的来自MR读取头60的回读数据信号,该基线信号调制是热阻效应产生。从而,来自MR读取头60的信号包括磁阻信号和热阻信号。
根据本发明,来自MR读取头60的热阻信号被用于检测硬盘驱动器内的内部气压84。来自MR读取头60的热阻信号通过导线50而被提供到控制器46中的操作逻辑函数,如图1所示。控制单元46基于与Ts或读取头热阻、内部压力和内部工作温度相关的预定标定数据确定内部压力。取决于标定数据被关联的方式,基于热阻信号,控制单元46可以在施加标定数据之前首先确定温度Ts。对于不同的硬盘驱动器可以获得单独的标定数据,以计算出不同MR读取头60的内部压力灵敏度的变化。这些单独的标定值包括在存储于控制单元46中的各种内部气压和工作温度Ta下相应的检测器温度Ts。
图3示出由标定获得的MR读取头温度、内部工作温度和内部压力之间的关系。内部工作温度在横坐标上表示,而MR读取头温度(或者是表示读取头温度的任何信号,如MR读取头的热阻)在纵坐标上表示。MR读取头温度为高于内部工作温度的温度。图中绘出了在三个选定压力下,MR读取头的温度相对工作温度的特性。在试验过程中,硬盘驱动器内部压力利用压力计设定,并标示在曲线上、各串数据点的斜率附近。例如,在一组数据点中,内部压力被设定为0.8aTM,且MR磁头温度测量值被记录,以用于在大约43℃到47℃范围内的内部工作温度。通过线性回归确定出最佳拟合线,且该斜率被算出为0.46,如曲线中所示。用于另外两个0.5aTM和1.0aTM的内部压力的MR磁头温度被绘在曲线上,而这些结果示出与先前内部压力相似的相关关系。这些结果的外插值可以提供用于超出曲线所示的三个之外的另外的内部压力值的相关值。于是,内部压力可以从获知内部工作温度以及读取热阻信号而推导出。
图4示出来自压力计的压力测量值和MR读取头热阻信号之间的相关关系。热阻信号被转化成等价的压力值,并沿来自压力计的相应的压力读数跟踪300分钟,同时保持硬盘驱动器的工作温度恒定。在MR读取头电阻中的相对变化也绘制在图中,并表示为一比值:
其中ΔMRR为MR读取头电阻在MRR读取头基本电阻(MRR)上的变化。来自压力计的压力读数随着MR读取头电阻而始终在约12kPa的范围内变化。通过已知的工作温度,可以利用MR读取头电阻信号测量硬盘驱动器中的内部压力。
总之,本发明提供了一种在内部工作温度已知情况下,由热阻信号推导内部压力信息的方法。可以测得硬盘驱动器的内部压力,而无论MR磁头是否在磁盘表面上工作或在着陆区停泊。通过具有用停泊的MR磁头测量内部压力的能力,诸如空气支承高度变化的问题可以在MR磁头与盘片相接触而有可能导致硬盘毁坏之前予以指出。虽然本发明参照具有MR磁头的硬盘驱动器加以描述,但本发明也可以应用于其他形式的存储单元,在该存储单元中内部压力可以由能够测量热阻的装置确定。
虽然本发明已经相对根据其的优选实施例加以描述,本领域技术人员应理解的是,在不背离本发明的范围和精髓前提下,可以对本发明作出各种修改和提高。因而,所公开的本发明仅被认为是说明性的,并被限制在所附权利要求书限定的范围内。
Claims (14)
1.一种存储装置,包括:
在内部环境中工作的存储介质;
用于使存储介质运动的驱动电机;
所安装的换能器,以接近存储介质;以及
被连接的控制单元,以接收来自换能器的温度相关信号,且控制单元被构造成基于所述温度相关信号根据预先标定的数据确定内部环境压力,存储装置在该内部环境中工作。
2.如权利要求1所述的存储装置,其特征在于,换能器具有热阻特性,温度相关信号代表换能器的热阻,以及控制单元被构造成基于热阻信号确定内部环境压力。
3.如权利要求1所述的存储装置,其特征在于,所述预先标定的数据与换能器的热阻、内部环境的温度、以及内部环境的压力相关。
4.如权利要求1所述的存储装置,其特征在于,所述标定的数据与换能器的温度、内部环境的温度、以及内部环境的压力相关。
5.如权利要求3所述的存储装置,其特征在于,所述换能器的热阻与存储装置内部环境中的热量消散部分地相关。
6.如权利要求1所述的存储装置,其特征在于,控制单元被构造成基于压力控制一个或多个存储装置的工作参数。
7.如权利要求1所述的存储装置,其特征在于,存储装置为磁盘驱动系统。
8.如权利要求1所述的存储装置,其特征在于,换能器为磁阻换能器。
9.如权利要求8所述的存储装置,其特征在于,控制单元施加偏置电流到换能器,该偏置电流根据换能器的热阻而波动。
10.一种磁盘驱动系统,包括:
壳体;
定位在壳体中的磁性存储介质,其具有同心数据磁道的数据表面;
用于转动磁性存储介质的驱动电机;
滑块,其包括读/写换能器,当磁性存储介质转动时,该换能器保持与数据表面成工作关系;
致动器组件,其连接到滑块上,用于相对磁性存储介质枢转地定位所述滑块,以选择在数据表面上的磁道;以及
控制单元,其用于控制电机驱动和致动器组件的工作,并处理从数据表面读取以及写入数据表面的数据,所述控制单元被连接以接收来自换能器的温度相关信号,并被构造成基于所述温度相关信号根据预先标定的数据确定内部环境压力。
11.一种确定存储装置的内部环境压力的方法,用于包括存储介质和安装成接近存储介质的换能器的存储装置,该方法包括以下步骤:
提供来自换能器的温度相关信号;以及
基于所述温度相关信号根据预先标定的数据确定内部环境压力,所述存储装置在该内部环境中工作。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于还包括以下步骤:提供与换能器的热阻、内部环境的温度以及内部环境的压力相关的标定数据。
13.如权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于还包括以下步骤:提供与换能器的温度、内部环境的温度以及内部环境的压力相关的标定数据。
14.如权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于还包括以下步骤:向换能器施加偏置电流,其中确定步骤基于偏置电流由于被换能器的热阻影响而出现的波动来确定压力。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/704,420 | 2000-11-01 | ||
US09/704,420 US6603628B1 (en) | 2000-11-01 | 2000-11-01 | In-situ pressure sensor based on read head resistance |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1351251A CN1351251A (zh) | 2002-05-29 |
CN1148569C true CN1148569C (zh) | 2004-05-05 |
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CNB011371900A Expired - Fee Related CN1148569C (zh) | 2000-11-01 | 2001-10-24 | 基于读取头电阻的现场压力传感器及压力检测方法 |
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US (1) | US6603628B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1204117B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002197850A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100445742B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1148569C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60112215T2 (zh) |
SG (1) | SG101498A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW591629B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
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US11468918B1 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2022-10-11 | Seagate Technology Llc | Data storage drive pressure sensing using a head temperature sensor and a head heater |
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JP4056291B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-30 | 2008-03-05 | 富士通株式会社 | ディスク装置 |
JP2004342141A (ja) * | 2003-05-13 | 2004-12-02 | Hitachi Ltd | 磁気ディスク装置及びこの制御方法 |
KR100657947B1 (ko) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-12-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 높은 감도와 분해능을 갖는 전계 재생헤드(프로브) 및 그구동 방법 |
US7733595B2 (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2010-06-08 | Lucas Andrew A | Hard disk drive with external sensor interface, system for use thereof and method |
US7630157B1 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2009-12-08 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of selecting an audio source |
US7420760B2 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-09-02 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus reducing flying height drop in a hard disk drive under humid conditions |
JP5000959B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-19 | 2012-08-15 | 新科實業有限公司 | 気圧センサ及びこれを搭載したハードディスクドライブ、気圧センサの製造方法、気圧計測方法 |
US20080173089A1 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-24 | Seagate Technology Llc | Transducing system with integrated environmental sensors |
JP4795329B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-03 | 2011-10-19 | ヒタチグローバルストレージテクノロジーズネザーランドビーブイ | 磁気ディスク装置およびその制御方法 |
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US8687307B1 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2014-04-01 | Western Digital Technologies, Inc. | Disk drive detecting gas leaking from head disk assembly |
US10074404B2 (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2018-09-11 | Western Digital Technologies, Inc. | Pressure detection of hermetically sealed device |
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US4642715A (en) | 1984-11-01 | 1987-02-10 | Miltope Corporation | Environmental conditioning and safety system for disk-type mass memories |
US5455730A (en) | 1993-02-18 | 1995-10-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Contact magnetic recording disk file with a magnetoresistive read sensor |
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US5901001A (en) | 1996-02-20 | 1999-05-04 | Seagate Technology, Inc. | Detection of asperities in recording surface of storage medium |
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US6144178A (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2000-11-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Disk drive with controlled reduced internal pressure |
-
2000
- 2000-11-01 US US09/704,420 patent/US6603628B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-10-17 KR KR10-2001-0064077A patent/KR100445742B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-10-24 CN CNB011371900A patent/CN1148569C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-29 DE DE60112215T patent/DE60112215T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-29 TW TW090126763A patent/TW591629B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-10-29 SG SG200106665A patent/SG101498A1/en unknown
- 2001-10-29 EP EP01309159A patent/EP1204117B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-30 JP JP2001332156A patent/JP2002197850A/ja active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US11468918B1 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2022-10-11 | Seagate Technology Llc | Data storage drive pressure sensing using a head temperature sensor and a head heater |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1351251A (zh) | 2002-05-29 |
EP1204117A1 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
TW591629B (en) | 2004-06-11 |
KR20020034869A (ko) | 2002-05-09 |
JP2002197850A (ja) | 2002-07-12 |
EP1204117B1 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
US6603628B1 (en) | 2003-08-05 |
SG101498A1 (en) | 2004-01-30 |
DE60112215T2 (de) | 2006-06-01 |
KR100445742B1 (ko) | 2004-08-25 |
DE60112215D1 (de) | 2005-09-01 |
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