CN1078527C - 用熔化的粘合剂涂敷紧固件的粘合面的方法 - Google Patents

用熔化的粘合剂涂敷紧固件的粘合面的方法 Download PDF

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CN1078527C
CN1078527C CN97199285A CN97199285A CN1078527C CN 1078527 C CN1078527 C CN 1078527C CN 97199285 A CN97199285 A CN 97199285A CN 97199285 A CN97199285 A CN 97199285A CN 1078527 C CN1078527 C CN 1078527C
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M·布雷蒙特
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A Raymond SARL
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Abstract

本发明提出一种用熔化的粘合剂涂敷构件或支撑件尤其是紧固件(1)的粘方面的方法。其中，混合好的粘合剂按固态形式涂敷到粘合面上并在施加轻微的压力时受到足以熔化粘合剂的热的作用。为此，为了简化操作。在将粘合剂涂敷到粘合面上之前将其按粉末的形式根据粘合面的形状压成薄板(11)，这在粘合剂的涂救时是有利的。

Description

用熔化的粘合剂涂敷紧固件的粘合面的方法
本发明涉及一种用混合好的可起反应的熔化的粘合剂来涂敷构件或支撑件和尤其是紧固件的粘合面的方法，其中粘合剂按粉末形式涂敷在粘合面上(参见DE4408865A1)。
这里尤其是涂敷高反应的熔化的粘合剂。这种粘合剂在温度至50℃时是耐磨损的并且是不粘合的，而借助于热量和其它能量的输入而起反应而形成一种持久的粘接连接。被涂敷上的粘合剂层直至构件或支撑件的使用必须是绝对无粘性的或抗粘合的，并且只有通过在使用点粘合剂的反应才可以释放出粘合剂中的粘附力。
由DEA14402550已知上述的熔化的粘合剂按下述方法涂敷在紧固件上形成的板的粘合面上，即紧固件的粘合面下沉到熔化的粘合剂池的表面上并在整个粘合面有足够的粘合剂润湿时再次提升。粘附在下侧的粘合剂必须被冷却，然后，包装紧固件并可以不粘结在一起地被输送到使用点。
然而，这一方法相当麻烦和费时间，因为，必须单个地抓住紧固件，将粘合面浸入熔化的粘合剂池中并接着要再次冷却。
本发明的任务在于，简单地将熔化的粘合剂涂敷在粘合面上，从而不仅降低涂敷费用，而且获得较高的效率。
为了完成上述任务，按照本发明采用了下述方法：混合好的粘合剂以粉末形式涂敷在粘合面上，其中粘合剂在施加轻微的压力时受到足以熔化粘合剂的热作用，并在熔化后被冷却。
按照本发明的一个优选实施例，粘合剂可以在按粉末形式涂敷在粘合面上之前根据粘合面的形状被压成薄板，该薄板的形状相应于粘合面的形状。
加热构件或支撑件和尤其是紧固件所需的热量例如可以通过使用超声波、红外线或其它的能量辐射，加热元件、加热空气或借助于感应而产生，其中感应方法优选。
这一方法不仅允许快速和价廉地用溶化的粘合剂涂敷粘合面，而且也有这样的优点，即熔化的粘合剂尽可能少地承受热负荷，因为在设计高频磁场时只有与金属表面相接触的粘合剂板的界面才被熔化，从而大体可以保持粘合剂至使用点被加热的反应性能。
为了使涂好的粘合面尽可能快地处于无粘性状态，适宜的是使紧固件在粘合剂熔化后受到强制冷却。
其中按照一个优选的实施例该粘合剂在涂敷到粘合面上之前按粉末形式根据粘合面的形状被压成薄板。
在附图中示意表示了实现本发明的涂敷方法的各种可能性，对此下面作进一步说明。其中：
图1在紧固螺栓的圆形粘合面上涂敷粘合剂
a)以粉末形状
b)以颗粒形状
c)以压紧板的形状，
图2在准备好的螺栓粘合面上熔化粘合剂板的感应设备的纵向剖视图，
图3在不同的方法阶段按图2中的线III-III的横截面，
图4用于熔化在准备好的粘合剂板上的螺栓粘合面的感应设备的另一实施形式，
图5在不同的方法阶段按图4中的线V-V的横剖面，
图6按照感应原理工作的设备，用于在涂敷粘合剂之前连续地预热紧固螺栓，和
图7具有非圆形粘合面和相应形状的粘合剂板的紧固件。
图1示意表示将熔化的粘合剂按固体形状涂敷在紧固螺栓1的粘合面上的三种可能性。在本例中，紧固螺栓为了扩大粘合面而设有圆形的圆盘2。
在图1a)中，混合好的粘合剂按粉末状堆积在螺栓1的圆盘2上，圆盘2被埋入固定梁4的相应槽3中。为此，最好使用一台已知的螺旋计量装置5，以便在每个圆盘2上有精确剂量的粘合剂堆积锥体6。这一粘合剂堆积锥体在第二工作过程中，如图3c)中的涂敷过程所述，在感应器7中受到高频磁场的作用。其中受压的粘合剂粉末紧邻金属表面被熔化并与其连接，而其余的粘合剂没有受到太大的热负荷。
在图1b)中，混合好的粘合剂按颗粒状10从集料容器8中借助于分配装置9施加到圆盘2上。颗粒10最好作成这样的形状，即一个颗粒在熔化和压紧后几乎覆盖住圆盘2。
在图1c)所示的实施例中，粉末状的粘合剂用特殊的非描述的方法被压到板11上，该板的形状相应于圆盘2的粘合面的形状。该板11从一个同样没有表示的普通的输送装置借助于已知的吸入臂12下降到圆盘2上，然后借助于已提及的感应器7在圆盘2上熔化。
这一点例如可以用图2和3中所示的感应设备来实现，其中图3a)至d)表示不同的处理阶段。在这一感应设备中，感应器7安装在设有连续槽14的移动梁15上。这里，紧固螺栓的螺杆1沉入槽14中，而其圆盘2则位于在槽14两侧延伸的梁15的边缘面20上。粘合剂板11用吸入臂12小心地放到圆盘2上(图3a)并将紧固螺栓1借助于滑阀13沿箭头S方向推入感应器7的范围。
一旦感应器7内所有位置被占据，则由防粘材料如聚四氟乙烯制成的冲头16就沿着箭头D方向下降到板11上并压紧，和使感应器7通电流。在高频磁场作用下，板11熔化了的界面与圆盘2相连(图3c)。
然后，冲头16沿着箭头E方向再次提升(图3d)，并且通过推进新的紧固螺栓1而使已涂敷了粘合剂板11的紧固螺栓1在梁15的端部沿着箭头A被推出。在通过来示出的冷却段后，所涂敷的粘合剂绝对无粘性。然后，紧固螺栓可以被堆放在容器内而无粘在一起的危险，并输送到它们的使用点。
可以理解，不用滑阀13也可使用其它的机构如图4和5中所示的夹钳，以便将螺栓成组地放入感应器7的范围，并在涂敷粘合剂板11后再次升高。
图4和5表示另一种感应设备，用于按照本发明用粘合剂板涂敷粘合面，其中图5a)至d)再次表示不同的处理阶段。
在这一设备中，首先将制成的粘合剂板11从未描述的收集处例如借助于吸入管12或通过其它合适的供料机构成小组地放入固定梁17的凹口3中，其中凹口3类似于移动梁15中的槽14被一感应器f所围住(图5a)。
然后，由未描述的配料装置输送来的紧固螺栓1被抓臂18抓住，它们借助于枢轴24可摆动地共同被放入可竖直移动的接收梁19中并沿着箭头F方向下降到粘合剂板11上(图5b)。抓臂18借助于在其相反两端23之间移动的推杆21而被挤压而克服弹簧力的作用。推杆21在这里按已知的方式通过短的液压缸22来操纵。
然后在紧固螺栓1压紧的同时短时接通磁场，直至圆盘2达到一足够的温度来熔化粘合剂板11的界面(图5C)。同时，圆盘2的粘合面在抓臂18的压紧力的作用下与熔化了的粘合剂板11连接在一起。然后，紧固螺栓1由抓臂18再次沿着箭头H方向提升(图5d)并输送给一相应的冷却段。从那里这些紧固螺栓达到一未示出的收集容器，并能够被输送到真正的使用场合。
这一感应设备与图2和图3中所示的设备相比具有的优点是：那儿所需的压紧冲头16这里不需要了，因为紧固螺栓1用其圆盘2直接放置在粘合剂板11上并用轻微的力压紧。
图6表示一按照感应原理工作的设备，用于在涂敷粘合剂之前连续地预加热紧固螺栓。表示为小圆柱体的紧固螺栓1沿箭头Z方向放置在环形的接收槽25中并通过所谓的隧道式感应器26。在离合感应器24之后，螺栓1通过推料器27从槽25的侧向沿箭头A的方向排出，并且以预热温度为50-90℃输送给前述的感应设备。通过预热螺栓1使得螺栓1在感应设备中能更快地达到所需的熔化温度。
基本上在感应设备中可以将紧固螺栓加热到能将粘合剂板11直接涂敷在紧固螺栓1的粘合面上并且熔化。
图7表示具有矩形粘合面28的紧固件。该紧固件在冲裁的卡圈30的范围内具有一缺口29。这里具有相应形状的粘合剂板31的粘合剂也可以按上述方式熔化。

Claims (6)

1.用混合好的可热熔化的粘合剂涂敷构件或支撑件顶部的粘合面的方法，其中，粘合剂按粉末形式或颗粒形式涂敷在粘合面上，其特征在于，粘合剂在施加轻微的压紧力的同时受到足以熔化粘合剂的热的作用，在熔化后被冷却。
2.按照权利要求1的涂敷方法，其特征在于，粘合剂在涂敷到粘合面上之前以粉末形式按照粘合面的形状被压成薄板(11)。
3.按照权利要求1的涂敷方法，其特征在于，粘合剂以颗粒形式涂敷到粘合面上。
4.按照权利要求1～3中之一的涂敷方法，其特征在于，热量通过高频磁场产生。
5.按照权利要求1～3中之一的涂敷方法，其特征在于，紧固件在粘合剂熔化之后受到强制冷却。
6.按照权利要求4的涂敷方法，其特征在于，紧固件在粘合剂熔化之后受到强制冷却。
CN97199285A 1996-10-30 1997-10-07 用熔化的粘合剂涂敷紧固件的粘合面的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1078527C (zh)

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