CN1064805C - 可用于脉宽调制显示系统的数字视频信号存储器 - Google Patents

可用于脉宽调制显示系统的数字视频信号存储器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1064805C
CN1064805C CN95109222A CN95109222A CN1064805C CN 1064805 C CN1064805 C CN 1064805C CN 95109222 A CN95109222 A CN 95109222A CN 95109222 A CN95109222 A CN 95109222A CN 1064805 C CN1064805 C CN 1064805C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
data
time
frame
shift register
lsb
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN95109222A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1115936A (zh
Inventor
保罗·M·乌尔巴努斯
杰弗里·B·桑普塞尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Texas Instruments Inc
Original Assignee
Texas Instruments Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Texas Instruments Inc filed Critical Texas Instruments Inc
Publication of CN1115936A publication Critical patent/CN1115936A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1064805C publication Critical patent/CN1064805C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2092—Details of a display terminals using a flat panel, the details relating to the control arrangement of the display terminal and to the interfaces thereto
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2/00—Demodulating light; Transferring the modulation of modulated light; Frequency-changing of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
    • G09G3/346—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on modulation of the reflection angle, e.g. micromirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
    • G09G5/39—Control of the bit-mapped memory
    • G09G5/393—Arrangements for updating the contents of the bit-mapped memory
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
    • G09G5/39—Control of the bit-mapped memory
    • G09G5/395—Arrangements specially adapted for transferring the contents of the bit-mapped memory to the screen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
    • G09G5/39—Control of the bit-mapped memory
    • G09G5/399—Control of the bit-mapped memory using two or more bit-mapped memories, the operations of which are switched in time, e.g. ping-pong buffers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/02—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only
    • H04N3/08—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by optical-mechanical means only having a moving reflector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/10—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical
    • H04N3/12—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by switched stationary formation of lamps, photocells or light relays
    • H04N3/127—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by switched stationary formation of lamps, photocells or light relays using liquid crystals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
    • H04N5/7416—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal
    • H04N5/7458—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal the modulator being an array of deformable mirrors, e.g. digital micromirror device [DMD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/30—Picture reproducers using solid-state colour display devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0202—Addressing of scan or signal lines
    • G09G2310/0205—Simultaneous scanning of several lines in flat panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
    • G09G2310/061—Details of flat display driving waveforms for resetting or blanking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2352/00—Parallel handling of streams of display data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
    • G09G2360/18—Use of a frame buffer in a display terminal, inclusive of the display panel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G09G3/2037—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames with specific control of sub-frames corresponding to the least significant bits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
    • G09G5/39—Control of the bit-mapped memory
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
    • H04N5/7416—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal
    • H04N5/7458—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal the modulator being an array of deformable mirrors, e.g. digital micromirror device [DMD]
    • H04N2005/7466—Control circuits therefor

Abstract

用空间光调制器电路(68)代替电视中的标准调谐单元可改进观察者看到的分辨度。本发明提供了一种系统结构(240)和它的单个部件和技术，使得在保持高系统速度时使成组数据速率为最小。所形成的系统在易于控制的数据速度和带宽下能提供较好的分辨度。

Description

可用于脉宽调制显示系统的数字视频信号存储器
本申请是申请日为920331、申请号为92102359．6、上述相同发明名称申请的分案申请。
本发明涉及光调制器，尤其涉及使用这些调制器系统的寻址和定时技术。
二进制光调制器具有两个状态，一个状态对应于“零”，它不发送光；另一状态对应于“1”，它对任何系统都发送最大光强的光。总之，这些调制器要么处于“断”、要么处于“通”状态。结果，从观察者眼睛看仅有两个不连续的光平，黑的和最大亮度。像素通／断状态变化时的中间光平因为它们的时间相当短而忽略。为了获得观察者能觉察的中间(模拟量)光平，可使用脉宽调制(PWM)技术。
基本的PWM方案如下。确定能向观察者显示模拟图像的速度，根据这速度建立帧速度(频率)和对应的帧时间。在标准的电视系统中，例如图像以每秒30传送，则每帧持续约33．3毫秒。
对帧或图像中的构成图形的像元(像素)的每个采样点进行光强的量化。设量化用6位(二进制)来表示，则量化每级为1／64，其中的63级为非零。在这例子中，33．3毫秒的帧时间分成63个相等的时间片。产生的时间片或是最低有效位(LSB)时间等于33．3／63毫秒或是528．6微秒。
建立了这些时间片后，凡观察者能够看见的所有模拟像素的光强度将被标定和量化，使黑色为0个时间片而最大亮度为63个时间片。由标定和量化的光强束设定像素的“通”(ON)时间以便接通对应数目的LSB时间。在最简单情况下，量化值大于零的所有像素在帧时间开始时转到ON，且在对应于它们的相对模拟光强的LSB时间由仍然维持ON。观察者的眼睛将对最大光强点积分，使它看起来如同这些点具有不变的模拟光平。
对于使用这种方案的二进制调制器的高清晰度电视(HDTV)显示，其要求的最大成组传送带宽可计算如下。在最坏情况下，即所给定帧的所有像素具有黑色和最大亮度之间的各强度值，所有像素必须在下一帧开始时发生变化。则LSB时间可计算如下：
水平像素数H=1920
垂直像素数V=1080
光强等级I=64
帧速度F=30帧／秒
每帧色彩数R=3(每个像素顺序显示每种色彩)
Figure 9510922200041
所以对这些值，LSB时间为176．3微秒。在这时间中，必须要装载2，073，600个像素(1920×1080)。该数据速度由下式给出：
该数据速度等于每秒11．76千兆位。建立这样系统的成本将高得惊人。
有许多方式能使PWM降低实际的数据速度。数据可以高度并行的方式输入到像素。例如，能够应用一种输入移位寄存器，每个寄存器包括8个像素，每个移位寄存器具有不在芯片上的数据输入端。对于1920个像素将有240个移位寄存器，它们共享一个公共的时钟。这240个移位寄存器能仅用8个时钟脉冲装载一行数据。数据速度减少240倍或减到49．1兆位／秒。
接下来用每个移位寄存器的输出来驱动一个并行数据锁存器。该数据锁存器在输入移位寄存器填满后用来存贮它们的内容。这样允许输入移位寄存器接受新的行数据，同时先前锁存的数据则存贮到像素阵列中一个选定的行中。因此，像素阵列可以低于输入电路运行速度8倍的速度进行寻址，从而限制了像素芯片所需要的高速电路。
输入移位寄存器／并行锁存器的组合电路可同时加在像素阵列的顶部和底部。这样允许设备的顶半部和底半部被同时寻址。现在每组寄存器／锁存器仅需在给定的帧时间中读一半数据。所以数据速度又可以减少2倍。新的输入数据速度为24．55兆位／秒，但引脚数为480个。
虽然这些以增加引脚数为代价的结构变化大大减少了对像素阵列中每个引脚输入的数据速度，他们也对像素的寻址方法施加了限制。单端输入方法可进行直接存取，而这种修改的结构只能对像素每次寻址一行。
本发明的目的和优点是很明显的，且部分地出现在下面的描述中。本发明通过提供一种存贮单元来完成本发明的目的。
该存贮单元，包含：
可对空间光调制器阵列用的视频数据进行格式转换的分割处理器；
至少两个连接于所述分割处理器的输入移位寄存器，每个所述输入移位寄存器经选择可从所述分割处理器接收格式转换后的视频数据；
每个所述输入移位寄存器至少连接一个存贮单元阵列，每个所述存贮单元阵列用于存贮从所述输入移位寄存器接收到的格式转换后的视频数据；
每个所述存贮单元阵列至少连接一个输出移位寄存器，每个所述输出移位寄存器用于从所述存贮单元阵列接收格式转换后的视频数据；
连接各所述输出移位寄存器的空间光调制器，所述空间光调制器用于从所述输出移位寄存器接收所述格式转换后的视频数据。
现在结合附图进行下面的描述以便完全理解本发明及其优点。
图1表示电视系统的方框图；
图2表示分割处理器；
图3a、3b和3c表示某些帧存贮器的方案；
图4表示可变形镜面装置(DMD)的集成电路装置；
图5表示块清除结构的一种实现方法；
图6a表示使用十-二进制数据的PWM寻址的定时图；
图6b表示块清除结构的定时图；
图7表示使用块清除结构的位时间(bit-period)共享寻址的定时图；
图8表示全面寻址复位寻址的定时图；
图9表示带有集成电路装置的DMD超级基片图；
图10表示DMD集成电路装置的部件分解图；
图11表示对强制数据和多行同时寻址的增强结构的实例；
图12表示对强制数据寻址的增强型结构的另一种方式。
图1表示本发明所描述的较佳实施例电视系统的方框图。接收机20接收某个标准格式的电视信号并把它传递给调谐器单元22。调谐器单元22将信号分离为音频和视频分量。信号的音频部分不再进一步研究。调谐器22将视频信号传送给信号处理单元23，该信号处理单元23进行模-数转换和其它的放大。该步骤仅在调谐器单元22输出模拟视频信号时才是必须的。放大了的数字信号24送给投射系统26，该系统包含：分割(decimation)处理器28、帧存贮器32和可变形镜面装置电路36。分割处理器28将信号变换为存贮器所需的格式，并提供输出信号30。该变换过的信号30再传送给帧存贮电路，在那里收集并存贮每帧完整的帧数据。完整的帧数据存满之后，将数据34传给DMD电路36，该电路通过光学装置38产生图像给观察者40。
适当的分割处理器28的例子更详细地显示在图2中。已放大的数字数据按照为输入寄存器27所选定的样品(采样)数例如6位样品输入该处理器。为了说明的目的，所示系统为6位，其最高有效位(MSB)是位5而最低有效位(LSB)是位0。不难理解：这些电路能很容易设置成处理任意所需要的位数。
然后6位样品(采样)送入一个1920×6位的移位寄存器42。在移位寄存器42填满1920个数据样品之后，移位寄存器中的数据传送给一个直接相连的影子存贮器(shadow memory)43，它也是1920×6位。该影子存贮器43是个6行阵列，每行包含1920位。任一给定行中存贮的数据位具有相等的二进制权值。例如影子存贮器的行1可以包含来自1920个输入样品的位0的全部数据，行2有全部样品的位1信号等。影子存贮器43的每一行可通过一个1∶6的译码器44的输出有选择地读出。所需要的行由输入到译码器的3位选择信号46来指定。然后，来自影子存贮器43的所选定行的1920个位加到数据总线48，从那里它们被送到240个8∶1多路转换器阵列52的输入端。一个选择水平位置的3位控制信号50同时送给所有的8∶1多路转换器，于是8∶1多路转换器产生一个240位的数据流30。所有8个水平位置均由控制信号50顺序地进行选择。
一种代替8∶1多路转换器的实施例可包含240个具有公共时钟51b和公共装入控制51a的8位移位寄存器。在这种情况下，标号52是代替多路转换器阵列的移位寄存器阵列。来自影子存贮器43的所选行的1920个位加给总线48，从那里它们送给240个8∶1移位寄存器52的阵列的数据输入端。装入控制51a确保将数据总线48的内容存入由240个8位移位寄存器构成的阵列52。然后，8个连续的脉冲加给51b使得移位寄存器中的数据输出到数据总线30。每个水平位置的数据流30传送给帧存贮器。
在上述两种实施例中，分割处理器28完成一种逆变换(inversemapping)的功能。每一个由6位组成的1920个输入样品以这样的方式存贮，即这些样品可作为6个1920位的输出样品进行存取。6个输出样品的每一个又被多路输出使与分割处理器的输出连接数达最少。这种多路输出也给DMD的输入数据格式提供了相匹配的数据格式。上述实施例是单色系统的情况，为了实现彩色系统，该分割处理器也可根据需要进行复制。
图3a表示单色显示时帧存贮器32的构成。当信号24经分割处理器28变换并以信号30的方式传送给帧存贮器之后，它被导向两个帧存贮器56a和56b中的一个。如果当前56a处于显示，则数据流30由开关54导向帧存贮器56b中的存贮单元。数据流30存入存贮单元阵列60b中的那些存贮单元由地址指示器58b分配。存贮单元阵列60b由若干单个的子阵列构成，61b是其中的一个。凡存贮在存贮单元阵列60b中的在同一帧中具有相同的权值(位值)的所有数据位存贮在同一子阵列中。当系统已完成存贮器56a的显示内容时，存贮器56b的内容就经过存贮单元阵列60b的输出总线63b和开关64送给系统。为了得到彩色，本方案也如分割处理器那样可根据需要复制。
单个子阵列61b的部件分解图示于图3b中。该子阵列61b分成更小单元的行。一组行57a或57b构成一个视频数据行。在本实施例中，每个时候只有1920×1080阵列的一半被寻址，57a代表行1，而57b代表行540。单元59a接纳行1、像素0的数据。单元62a接纳行1、像素7的数据。同列中处于它们之间的单元接纳行1的像素1-6的数据。同样，单元59b接纳行1、像素8的数据，单元59c接纳行1、像素1940的数据，而单元59d接纳行1、像素1912的数据。行1中的最后一个像素1919保存在单元62b中。数据经总线63b通过开关64送到DMD阵列。对于图3a中所示的每个单个的子阵列而言，不管系统中有多少视频行存在，都是该方案的重复。
图3c表示另一个彩色系统的实施例。视频信号经线24a、24b和24c馈入3个分割处理器28a、28b和28c。分割处理器28a、28b和28c沿着线30a、30b和30c把变换后的数据送给总线65。总线65上的数据装入由地址指示器58指定的存贮单元中。然后指示器58对存贮单元阵列60进行彩色加载。顶部1／3的存贮单元子阵列64a用于彩色1，第二个1／3的存贮单元64b用于彩色2，而底部1／3的存贮单元64c用于彩色3。单个子阵列67与图中所示的其它的子阵列相同，类似于图3b中的描述，以这种方式处理的数据能顺序地把全部3种彩色送入DMD电路。
图4显示了DMD集成电路的一个实施例。来自帧存贮电路32的数据经图1中的总线34传送给集成电路装置68。总线34实际上可分成两个总线34a和34b。总线34a传导DMD阵列的上半部数据，而总线34b传导阵列镜面的下半部数据。数据送给移位寄存器70a。当寄存器装满时，则数据送给并行锁存器74a。线组72a用于控制移位寄存器和并行锁存器的加载。数据锁存之后，继而传送到实际可变形镜面装置80的1920×1080阵列的上半部分。镜面寻址电路的行由行选择线78a通过行译码器76a进行选择。同时，相同的操作出现在阵列的下半部分。然后阵列的镜面被寻址且偏转产生图像，该图像通过光学装置送给观察者。
在这里，DMD显示装置由DMD像素阵列、输入移位寄存器和锁存器、以及行选择译码器组成。如图5方框所示，上述结构现已修改为允许在短时间内使DMD所选方框中的所有像素转换到“断”状态。并行存贮锁存器74已改为包括图5中的一根清除线92。需要时，该清除线能使驱动DMD阵列中各个列的数据设置到相当于像素位置的切断状态。另外，行选择译码器76在修改时添加了许多选择线，它们能使如90a那样一个方框内的行90a同时被选择。
为了把一个框内的像素设为“断”状态，需要使用并行存贮锁存器74的清除线92。其次，还需要把控制像素行的方框选择线84转变到“断”状态。最后，将一个复位脉冲加给单光束的镜面，并使该镜偏向“断”状态。虽然图5只示出了8个行框，但由于在所给的框中各行是连续的，没有理由限于使用这一种结构。框的数量可在1和设计者所需量之间变化。方框中的像素行也可以隔行交错(或其它)形式连接来替代依次连续的形式。
图6a中，显示了标准寻址方案的定时图。线94表示一帧时间。线96表示时间段，它们对应于数据中每个不同的二进制权值的时间量。时间段98是显示系统的最高有效位(MSB)的时间期。在该例中，由于是6位系统，所以最高有效位MSB是位5、时间段98拥有32个最低有效位LSB时间的显示时间。时间段100是显示下一位位4的时间期，该位4有一个16个LSB时间的显示时间。同样，时间段102属于位3，具有8个LSB时间。时间段104属于位2，具有4个LSB时间。时间段106属于位1，具有2个LSB时间。而最后，位0的时间用时间段108表示，它具有1个LSB时间。
上述时间段的镜面状态用线110表示。数据加载脉冲表示在线112上，光束复位脉冲表示在线114上，它们被加到光束的金属上以便将它们设置到由刚刚加载的各个数据位所指定的下一个状态。镜面状态116由下述处理过程得到。在加载脉冲118所示时间期间，数据加载到位5的电极上。通过复位脉冲120将镜面重新置位，以便显示数据加载脉冲118期间加载的新数据，从而开始帧时间。当位5显示到31个LSB时间116时，位4的数据在时间122期间加载。在数据加载时间122结束时，也即位5显示时间结束的同时，复位脉冲124将镜面置位到它们的新状态。于是显示时间126开始。这种过程对位3、2、1和0重复进行。加载和显示一个完整的帧的时间是常数。该例中，帧时间94分成63个LSB时间(32+16+8+4+2+1)，所以每个LSB时间为整个帧时间的1／63。
最小的峰值数据速率由最短的时间间隔确定，在该时间间隔内某一给定有效位的所有位值必须都加载到DMD阵列上。图6a中，一个给定有效位的全部数据的加载时间是一个LSB时间。对一个给定帧中具有相同二进制权值的所有数据位的收集称为一个位帧(abit-frame)。对于6位系统，每帧有6个位帧数据。我们需要减低峰值数据速率，但很可能要牺牲DMD显示系统的某些其它性能。图6b显示怎样通过应用图5的框图结构来实现上述的要求。
图6b中，帧时间用线128表示。线组130构成显示在图5中第一个框结构如框90a的定时图。线132表示镜面状态；线134是镜面复位脉冲。线136指寻址清除脉冲和线140为数据加载脉冲。注意：当线132处于低状态时，如时间段156，所有镜面处于“断”状态。寻址清除脉冲线140代表先前已在图5中讨论的“清除”线以及框选择序列这种表示法也适用于图6a、6b和7。镜面显示状态138是通过加载时间140期间对方框90a加载最高有效数据位5和用置位脉冲142把镜面置位到新数据来获得的。起动时间138后的一个LSB时间，框90b的数据MSB的位5已被加载。框90b的线146上镜面144的状态变成恰好在复位脉冲后所加载的数据的状态。同样，框90c-90h的数据加载和显示也都移相一个LSB时间。
在时间间隔为31个LSB时间处，框90a的数据值4在时间148期间加载。时间148期间加载的数据对应于镜面显示状态150。光束复位脉冲152使镜面改变到对应于状态150的数据上。镜面状态150保持16个LSB时间。这一过程继续到镜面状态154为止，该状态为框90a的位2。因为那脉冲的权值仅有4个LSB时间，而加载整个装置需8个LSB时间，(每个框一个LSB时间)，所以对方框90e-90h位2的数据还不能加载。为适应这种情况，切断框90a中的镜面一段4个LSB时间的期间，该期间在90a中用线段156表示。为了得到这种“断”状态，产生寻址清除信号脉冲160和产生光束复位脉冲162使镜面复位到“断”状态。镜面保持“断”4个LSB时间。3个LSB时间后，在时间164期间框90a的位1数据被加载。对这个位及其下一位重复上述过程，对于位1“断”时间增加到6个LSB时间，对于位0则为7个LSB时间。因此，加载和显示一个帧的数据的总时间为从上面讨论的标准寻址方案所需的63个LSB时间、加上4个“断”LSB时间、加上6个“断”LSB时间、加上7个“断”LSB时间，总共80个LSB时间。因为帧时间为常数，该例中LSB时间为总的帧时间的1／80，从而使该例中的LSB时间比图6a的LSB时间更短。图6b所示寻址方案使峰值数据速率在名义上减小了8倍。这是由于在图6b中一个LSB时间内所加载的像素数仅有图6a中一个LSB时间内所加载的像素数的1／8那么多。然而，虽则图6a和图6b中的帧时间相等，它们相应的LSB时间仍然不等。在图6a中，LSB时间为帧时间的1／63，而图6b中LSB时间为帧时间的1／80。由于LSB时间的差异，使用图6b寻址方案替代图6a的寻址方案时，实际的数据速率减少为8∶1×(63／80)≈6．3∶1。
虽然图6b寻址方案已大大减少了峰值数据速率，但它是以牺牲光效率为代价的。图6a中，如果像素为最大亮度，它接通和断开都为63个LSB时间，具有100％的寻址效率。而使用图6b的寻址方案，如果像素为最大亮度，则它接通63个LSB时间而断开为80个LSB时间，由于像素有17个LSB时间总是断开的，结果光效率约79％。
提高图6b寻址方案的光效率同时保持给DMD低的瞬时数据速度是需要的。提高图6b方案的光效率的一种方法是当镜面处于断状态时减少LSB时间的数量。图7是对图6b稍作修改的方案，它能完成上述目的。一个附加的好处是，它还稍微减小了图6b方案的峰值数据速率。在图7中，帧时间用线166表示。线组130仍代表框1的有效信号。线132还是镜面状态；线134为光束复位；线136为寻址清除；和线140为数据加载线。在该方案中，位5数据即MSB在时间168被加载，镜面用脉冲172复位且数据在镜面状态170期间显示8个LSB时间。进入显示期7个LSB时间后，位1数据在时间174期间被加载，并用复位脉冲176接通镜面。在镜面状态时间178有数据显示，该时间实现了位1所需的2个LSB时间。然后位5数据再一次加载在时间180的镜面上，该镜面状态是由复位脉冲182使其回到位5状态的。位5数据在镜面状态时间184被显示，该时间等于16个LSB时间。所以此时位5数据已显示了24个LSB时间，相当总需要量的3／4。位0数据用脉冲202加载且显示一个LSB时间186，完成了对位0的要求。然后位5数据在时间204期间再一次被加载且在镜面状态时间188期间显示，显示了8个LSB时间，将它的总显示时间提高到32个LSB时间，因此完成了由它的二进制权值所规定的需要。镜面显示时间190用于位4；显示时间192用于位3；而显示时间194用于位2。这样，就完成了按照它们的二进制权值对所有位显示它们特定时间量的要求。
框90a-90d的定时图除了他们有相移外是相同的。但方框90a-90d与方框90e-90h相比则不尽然。方框90e的定时图用线组206表示。因为数据的加载和显示方式与所有其它方框的是相同的，所以这里仅讨论线207。镜面显示时间208用于位5，它显示8个LSB时间。与框1类同，位1数据加载显示一个2LSB时间的时间210，由此完成它的要求。时间段212再一次用于显示位5，它为24个LSB时间，它完成了位5的需要。注意这与框1的不同点，图上时间222是显示位4的总时间。位4在时间段214中显示4个LSB时间，然后位0数据加载并显示一个LSB时间。位4重新加载并在时间段218中显示它所需要的12个LSB时间。结果是：时间222为17个LSB时间而不是标准的16个。这更长的时间是由处在加载脉冲221和223之间(分别在框90d和90e上)的间隙220引起的。该间隙在框90a-90c中也有。观察框90a，在时间段192和194之间也能看到间隙196。这是由于等到位3完全加载后位2才能加载。由于在显示位4数据期间加载位0的数据因而在框5中产生间隙，所以直到过了8个LSB时间后框8中的位3才能加载。所形成的总显示时间为71个LSB时间，它比图6b中讨论的方案时间上要短，故而它比图6a的方案有更低的数据速率，与该方法相关的是，复位脉冲的数量也大得多。
在给定的帧时间中使用大量复位脉冲可能引起潜在效应，所以需要一种避免这种潜在效应的对DMD寻址的方法。图8显示了这样一种方法，称为全面寻址复位(TAR)法。本方法与上面讨论的位时间(bit-period)共享方法之间有三个主要的不同点。
首先，在TAR法中，在复位脉冲加给像素之前，对整个DMD用一特定位的位帧(bit-frame)数据加载，而位时间方法只加载部分DMD(一个框)，然后加上复位脉冲。其次，在TAR方法中，整个装置用8个LSB时间加载。而在前面的方法中，整个装置用8段时间加载，每次加载一个位帧。二者的数据加载总时间是相同的。
图8中，线228代表观察者看到的镜面状态。观察者看到“位5”230a接通一段等于32个LSB时间的时间期，后随的“位4”230b接通时间为位5的一半。该图形连续下去直至达到“位2”230d和“位1”230e之间的时间点为止。在这一时间点上，实际上存在一个所有镜面处于“断”的时期。当然，由于该时期是一种比人们眼睛的临界闪烁频率高得多的频率，实际上观察者不能看到它。在适当的时间量之后，“位0”230f被显示。
线232是数据加载定时线。加载时间的每一个，232a-232f，等于8个LSB时间。“位5”232a恰好在线228所示位5的显示时间之前被加载。同样，所有的位都恰好在线228上的显示时间之前加载。每一位的加载时间是相同的。线234是地址复位线，线236是光束复位线。送给光速的复位脉冲的数量有相当大的减少。这样消除了光束机械部件的磨损和损坏。
使上面讨论的过程得以实现的结构示于图9中。图4中简单的DMD芯片68已变成超级基片(superstrate)240的一部分。线34a和34b经多路分配器(8∶128)242a和242b进入电路。所形成的信号以16位线送给先进先出(FIFO)缓存器244a至244d和244b至244c。各FIFO的输出经线246a和246b传输给DMD芯片。控制信号经线78(线选择)和线248(帧复位)进入DMD芯片。
DMD装置68的部件分解图示于图10。来自总线246a和246b的数据经多路分配器(1∶8×128)250a和250b进入镜面阵列80a和80b。线选择信号78分成进入下面阵列译码器76b的下线选择和进入上面阵列译码器76a的上线选择。线248上的帧复位信号也分为存取下面镜面阵列80b和存取上面镜面阵列80a。这种修改后的结构能支持上面讨论的不同寻址方案，加上许多其它改进，使该装置更灵活多用。
对上述结构可增强些结构来增加速度。一种增强是具有数据输入结构，这样使得不仅正常输入数据可被选择，而且常数输入数据也可被选择。这种结构的增加如图11所示，对于正常数据输入，数据为单值的，输入数据经过线254a至254c馈送到多路转换器252a至252b，后者的输出被用来选择驱动阵列的列。对强制性的数据输入，数据为常数，线256a和256b上的强制数据将加到列中。数据的选择由多路转换器258a和258b来完成。这样，常数数据便可以这样的速度加给DMD镜面阵列(图中为下阵列80b中的各个列，该速度仅受限于强制数据多路转换器和带有输入线260的行选择译码器16b，这输入线260上的控制信号是用来决定多路或是单路行选择的。
另一种增强是通过改变译码器的结构使多行同时被寻址，包括所有行同时寻址或分组进行寻址。这种分组应这样安排，以便为给定的应用带来最大的好处。例如，这种分组可以把行的任何数目和组合作为一个组进行寻址，且可定义任何数量的组数。这种对组的定义规定了译码器的结构。
虽然这里对显示系统和它的结构的特定实施例作了描述，这样的具体说明不能认为是本发明范围的限定，其限定如下面权利要求书中所述。

Claims (2)

1．一种数字视频信号存贮器，其特征在于，包含：
具有输入缓存器的分割处理器，对空间光调制器阵列用的视频数据进行格式转换并将格式转换后的视频数据输出到总线；
至少两个通过所述总线连接于所述分割处理器的输入移位寄存器，每个所述输入移位寄存器经选择可从所述分割处理器接收格式转换后的视频数据；
每个所述输入移位寄存器至少连接一个存贮单元阵列，每个所述存贮单元阵列用于存贮从所述输入移位寄存器接收到的格式转换后的视频数据；
每个所述存贮单元阵列至少连接一个输出移位寄存器，每个所述输出移位寄存器用于从所述存贮单元阵列接收格式转换后的视频数据；
连接各所述输出移位寄存器的空间光调制器，所述空间光调制器用于从所述输出移位寄存器接收所述格式转换后的视频数据。
2．如权利要求1所述的数字视频信号存贮器，其特征在于，系统中，每种彩色有一输入移位寄存器，每种彩色的数据存贮在分开的存贮单元阵列中，使所述输出寄存器依序接收每种彩色数据。
CN95109222A 1991-04-01 1995-08-11 可用于脉宽调制显示系统的数字视频信号存储器 Expired - Fee Related CN1064805C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US67876191A 1991-04-01 1991-04-01
US678,761 1991-04-01

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN92102359A Division CN1040493C (zh) 1991-04-01 1992-03-31 脉宽调制显示系统的可变形镜面装置和显示视频数据方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1115936A CN1115936A (zh) 1996-01-31
CN1064805C true CN1064805C (zh) 2001-04-18

Family

ID=24724161

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN92102359A Expired - Fee Related CN1040493C (zh) 1991-04-01 1992-03-31 脉宽调制显示系统的可变形镜面装置和显示视频数据方法
CN95109222A Expired - Fee Related CN1064805C (zh) 1991-04-01 1995-08-11 可用于脉宽调制显示系统的数字视频信号存储器
CN95109221A Expired - Fee Related CN1064804C (zh) 1991-04-01 1995-08-11 光调制器及其专用于图像信息处理的集成电路结构

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN92102359A Expired - Fee Related CN1040493C (zh) 1991-04-01 1992-03-31 脉宽调制显示系统的可变形镜面装置和显示视频数据方法

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN95109221A Expired - Fee Related CN1064804C (zh) 1991-04-01 1995-08-11 光调制器及其专用于图像信息处理的集成电路结构

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (4) US5278652A (zh)
EP (4) EP0507270B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH05183851A (zh)
KR (1) KR100253106B1 (zh)
CN (3) CN1040493C (zh)
CA (1) CA2063744C (zh)
DE (2) DE69220998T2 (zh)
TW (1) TW226513B (zh)

Families Citing this family (360)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2063744C (en) * 1991-04-01 2002-10-08 Paul M. Urbanus Digital micromirror device architecture and timing for use in a pulse-width modulated display system
US5255100A (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-10-19 Texas Instruments Incorporated Data formatter with orthogonal input/output and spatial reordering
US6219015B1 (en) 1992-04-28 2001-04-17 The Board Of Directors Of The Leland Stanford, Junior University Method and apparatus for using an array of grating light valves to produce multicolor optical images
US6674562B1 (en) 1994-05-05 2004-01-06 Iridigm Display Corporation Interferometric modulation of radiation
JP3092382B2 (ja) * 1993-03-22 2000-09-25 松下電器産業株式会社 信号処理装置
US5365283A (en) * 1993-07-19 1994-11-15 Texas Instruments Incorporated Color phase control for projection display using spatial light modulator
EP0657760A1 (en) * 1993-09-15 1995-06-14 Texas Instruments Incorporated Image simulation and projection system
US5457493A (en) * 1993-09-15 1995-10-10 Texas Instruments Incorporated Digital micro-mirror based image simulation system
US5452024A (en) * 1993-11-01 1995-09-19 Texas Instruments Incorporated DMD display system
US6362835B1 (en) 1993-11-23 2002-03-26 Texas Instruments Incorporated Brightness and contrast control for a digital pulse-width modulated display system
US6300963B1 (en) * 1993-11-30 2001-10-09 Texas Instruments Incorporated Single-frame display memory for spatial light modulator
CA2136478A1 (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-05-31 Robert J. Gove Digital memory for display system using spatial light modulator
CA2137059C (en) * 1993-12-03 2004-11-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Dmd architecture to improve horizontal resolution
US5499060A (en) * 1994-01-04 1996-03-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated System and method for processing video data
CA2138835A1 (en) * 1994-01-07 1995-07-08 Robert J. Gove Linearization for video display system with spatial light modulator
US5528317A (en) * 1994-01-27 1996-06-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Timing circuit for video display having a spatial light modulator
GB9407302D0 (en) * 1994-04-13 1994-06-08 Rank Brimar Ltd Display device driving circuitry and method
US7138984B1 (en) 2001-06-05 2006-11-21 Idc, Llc Directly laminated touch sensitive screen
US7297471B1 (en) 2003-04-15 2007-11-20 Idc, Llc Method for manufacturing an array of interferometric modulators
US7550794B2 (en) * 2002-09-20 2009-06-23 Idc, Llc Micromechanical systems device comprising a displaceable electrode and a charge-trapping layer
US7123216B1 (en) 1994-05-05 2006-10-17 Idc, Llc Photonic MEMS and structures
US8014059B2 (en) * 1994-05-05 2011-09-06 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method for charge control in a MEMS device
US6680792B2 (en) * 1994-05-05 2004-01-20 Iridigm Display Corporation Interferometric modulation of radiation
US7460291B2 (en) 1994-05-05 2008-12-02 Idc, Llc Separable modulator
EP0685830A1 (en) 1994-06-02 1995-12-06 Texas Instruments Incorporated Improvements in or relating to spatial light modulators
CA2150148A1 (en) * 1994-06-02 1995-12-03 Donald B. Doherty Non-binary pulse width modulation for spatial light modulator with split reset addressing
US5499062A (en) 1994-06-23 1996-03-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated Multiplexed memory timing with block reset and secondary memory
US5504504A (en) 1994-07-13 1996-04-02 Texas Instruments Incorporated Method of reducing the visual impact of defects present in a spatial light modulator display
US5640214A (en) * 1994-09-30 1997-06-17 Texas Instruments Incorporated Printer and display systems with bidirectional light collection structures
US5680156A (en) * 1994-11-02 1997-10-21 Texas Instruments Incorporated Memory architecture for reformatting and storing display data in standard TV and HDTV systems
EP0709822A3 (en) * 1994-10-31 1996-07-31 Texas Instruments Inc Improvements in or in connection with a data formatting device and frame memories
EP0710019A3 (en) * 1994-10-31 1997-03-26 Texas Instruments Inc Digital mirror display device for television
US5490009A (en) 1994-10-31 1996-02-06 Texas Instruments Incorporated Enhanced resolution for digital micro-mirror displays
KR0147939B1 (ko) * 1994-11-11 1998-09-15 배순훈 투사형 화상표시장치의 화소보정장치
US5610624A (en) * 1994-11-30 1997-03-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial light modulator with reduced possibility of an on state defect
US5748164A (en) * 1994-12-22 1998-05-05 Displaytech, Inc. Active matrix liquid crystal image generator
US5757348A (en) * 1994-12-22 1998-05-26 Displaytech, Inc. Active matrix liquid crystal image generator with hybrid writing scheme
US5808800A (en) 1994-12-22 1998-09-15 Displaytech, Inc. Optics arrangements including light source arrangements for an active matrix liquid crystal image generator
US5612713A (en) * 1995-01-06 1997-03-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Digital micro-mirror device with block data loading
US6107979A (en) * 1995-01-17 2000-08-22 Texas Instruments Incorporated Monolithic programmable format pixel array
US5612753A (en) * 1995-01-27 1997-03-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Full-color projection display system using two light modulators
US7253794B2 (en) * 1995-01-31 2007-08-07 Acacia Patent Acquisition Corporation Display apparatus and method
US5504614A (en) * 1995-01-31 1996-04-02 Texas Instruments Incorporated Method for fabricating a DMD spatial light modulator with a hardened hinge
US5671083A (en) * 1995-02-02 1997-09-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial light modulator with buried passive charge storage cell array
US5682174A (en) * 1995-02-16 1997-10-28 Texas Instruments Incorporated Memory cell array for digital spatial light modulator
US5670977A (en) * 1995-02-16 1997-09-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial light modulator having single bit-line dual-latch memory cells
JPH08228359A (ja) * 1995-02-22 1996-09-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp カラー画像表示装置
US5670976A (en) * 1995-02-28 1997-09-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial light modulator having redundant memory cells
US5663749A (en) * 1995-03-21 1997-09-02 Texas Instruments Incorporated Single-buffer data formatter for spatial light modulator
US5719695A (en) * 1995-03-31 1998-02-17 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial light modulator with superstructure light shield
US5706061A (en) * 1995-03-31 1998-01-06 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial light image display system with synchronized and modulated light source
US5535047A (en) * 1995-04-18 1996-07-09 Texas Instruments Incorporated Active yoke hidden hinge digital micromirror device
US5777589A (en) * 1995-04-26 1998-07-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated Color display system with spatial light modulator(s) having color-to-color variations in data sequencing
US5629794A (en) * 1995-05-31 1997-05-13 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial light modulator having an analog beam for steering light
JPH08330266A (ja) * 1995-05-31 1996-12-13 Texas Instr Inc <Ti> 半導体装置等の表面を浄化し、処理する方法
US5841579A (en) 1995-06-07 1998-11-24 Silicon Light Machines Flat diffraction grating light valve
US6002452A (en) * 1995-06-08 1999-12-14 Texas Instruments Incorporated Sequential color display system with spoke synchronous frame rate conversion
JP3889460B2 (ja) * 1995-06-13 2007-03-07 テキサス インスツルメンツ インコーポレイテツド ビデオ表示装置の表示フレーム周期制御システム並びに装置
US6046840A (en) * 1995-06-19 2000-04-04 Reflectivity, Inc. Double substrate reflective spatial light modulator with self-limiting micro-mechanical elements
US6014128A (en) * 1995-06-21 2000-01-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Determining optimal pulse width modulation patterns for spatial light modulator
US5767828A (en) * 1995-07-20 1998-06-16 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado Method and apparatus for displaying grey-scale or color images from binary images
US5959598A (en) 1995-07-20 1999-09-28 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado Pixel buffer circuits for implementing improved methods of displaying grey-scale or color images
US5668062A (en) * 1995-08-23 1997-09-16 Texas Instruments Incorporated Method for processing semiconductor wafer with reduced particle contamination during saw
CA2184129A1 (en) * 1995-08-31 1997-03-01 Donald B. Doherty Bit-splitting for pulse width modulated spatial light modulator
KR0165432B1 (ko) * 1995-09-13 1999-03-20 김광호 Ccd를 이용한 반사형 영상표시 장치
US6201521B1 (en) 1995-09-29 2001-03-13 Texas Instruments Incorporated Divided reset for addressing spatial light modulator
US5764208A (en) * 1995-11-02 1998-06-09 Texas Instruments Incorporated Reset scheme for spatial light modulators
US5872046A (en) * 1996-04-10 1999-02-16 Texas Instruments Incorporated Method of cleaning wafer after partial saw
US5731802A (en) * 1996-04-22 1998-03-24 Silicon Light Machines Time-interleaved bit-plane, pulse-width-modulation digital display system
DE19622314A1 (de) 1996-06-04 1997-12-11 Sel Alcatel Ag Telekommunikationsendgerät und Vorrichtung zur Projektion von visuell erfaßbarer Information
US5815641A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-09-29 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial light modulator with improved peak white performance
EP0817157A3 (en) 1996-06-28 1998-08-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated Improvements in or relating to image display system
EP0827129A3 (en) * 1996-08-30 1999-08-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Formatting and storing data for display systems using spatial light modulators
US5838385A (en) * 1996-08-30 1998-11-17 Texas Instruments Incorporated Sampling analog video signal for secondary images
US5771116A (en) * 1996-10-21 1998-06-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Multiple bias level reset waveform for enhanced DMD control
US5953153A (en) * 1996-10-29 1999-09-14 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial light modulator with improved light shield
US6008785A (en) * 1996-11-28 1999-12-28 Texas Instruments Incorporated Generating load/reset sequences for spatial light modulator
US7471444B2 (en) * 1996-12-19 2008-12-30 Idc, Llc Interferometric modulation of radiation
US5982553A (en) 1997-03-20 1999-11-09 Silicon Light Machines Display device incorporating one-dimensional grating light-valve array
US5817569A (en) * 1997-05-08 1998-10-06 Texas Instruments Incorporated Method of reducing wafer particles after partial saw
US6480177B2 (en) * 1997-06-04 2002-11-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated Blocked stepped address voltage for micromechanical devices
DE19732828C2 (de) * 1997-07-30 2001-01-18 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung zur Ansteuerung eines Leuchtdioden-Arrays
US6061049A (en) * 1997-08-29 2000-05-09 Texas Instruments Incorporated Non-binary pulse-width modulation for improved brightness
US6088102A (en) 1997-10-31 2000-07-11 Silicon Light Machines Display apparatus including grating light-valve array and interferometric optical system
US6288712B1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2001-09-11 Aurora Systems, Inc. System and method for reducing peak current and bandwidth requirements in a display driver circuit
US6144356A (en) * 1997-11-14 2000-11-07 Aurora Systems, Inc. System and method for data planarization
US6072452A (en) * 1997-11-14 2000-06-06 Aurora Systems, Inc. System and method for using forced states to improve gray scale performance of a display
US6188377B1 (en) 1997-11-14 2001-02-13 Aurora Systems, Inc. Internal row sequencer for reducing bandwidth and peak current requirements in a display driver circuit
FR2776414B1 (fr) * 1998-03-23 2000-05-12 Thomson Multimedia Sa Procede et dispositif pour adressage de panneaux a plasma
KR100703140B1 (ko) * 1998-04-08 2007-04-05 이리다임 디스플레이 코포레이션 간섭 변조기 및 그 제조 방법
US8928967B2 (en) 1998-04-08 2015-01-06 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for modulating light
US7532377B2 (en) 1998-04-08 2009-05-12 Idc, Llc Movable micro-electromechanical device
US6121948A (en) * 1998-05-08 2000-09-19 Aurora Systems, Inc. System and method for reducing inter-pixel distortion by dynamic redefinition of display segment boundaries
US6271808B1 (en) 1998-06-05 2001-08-07 Silicon Light Machines Stereo head mounted display using a single display device
US6130770A (en) 1998-06-23 2000-10-10 Silicon Light Machines Electron gun activated grating light valve
US6101036A (en) 1998-06-23 2000-08-08 Silicon Light Machines Embossed diffraction grating alone and in combination with changeable image display
US6215579B1 (en) 1998-06-24 2001-04-10 Silicon Light Machines Method and apparatus for modulating an incident light beam for forming a two-dimensional image
US6303986B1 (en) 1998-07-29 2001-10-16 Silicon Light Machines Method of and apparatus for sealing an hermetic lid to a semiconductor die
US6573951B1 (en) * 1998-10-09 2003-06-03 Texas Instruments Incorporated Non-terminating pulse width modulation for displays
US6285491B1 (en) 1998-12-28 2001-09-04 Texas Instruments Incorporated Adaptive temporal modulation of periodically varying light sources
US6195301B1 (en) 1998-12-30 2001-02-27 Texas Instruments Incorporated Feedback driver for memory array bitline
US6590549B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2003-07-08 Texas Instruments Incorporated Analog pulse width modulation of video data
US6803885B1 (en) 1999-06-21 2004-10-12 Silicon Display Incorporated Method and system for displaying information using a transportable display chip
WO2003007049A1 (en) 1999-10-05 2003-01-23 Iridigm Display Corporation Photonic mems and structures
WO2001069941A2 (en) * 2000-03-15 2001-09-20 Imax Corporation Improvements in dmd-based image display systems
EP1210649B1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2011-03-02 Imax Corporation Digital projection equipment and techniques
US6388661B1 (en) 2000-05-03 2002-05-14 Reflectivity, Inc. Monochrome and color digital display systems and methods
US6781742B2 (en) 2000-07-11 2004-08-24 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Digital micromirror device and method of driving digital micromirror device
JP2002040983A (ja) * 2000-07-27 2002-02-08 Sony Corp 表示制御装置および表示制御方法
US6778155B2 (en) * 2000-07-31 2004-08-17 Texas Instruments Incorporated Display operation with inserted block clears
US6795605B1 (en) * 2000-08-01 2004-09-21 Cheetah Omni, Llc Micromechanical optical switch
US7099065B2 (en) * 2000-08-03 2006-08-29 Reflectivity, Inc. Micromirrors with OFF-angle electrodes and stops
US7012644B1 (en) * 2000-09-06 2006-03-14 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Multiple output node charge coupled device
US6962771B1 (en) * 2000-10-13 2005-11-08 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Dual damascene process
US7116862B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2006-10-03 Cheetah Omni, Llc Apparatus and method for providing gain equalization
US7145704B1 (en) * 2003-11-25 2006-12-05 Cheetah Omni, Llc Optical logic gate based optical router
US6445502B1 (en) 2001-02-02 2002-09-03 Celeste Optics, Inc. Variable blazed grating
US7339714B1 (en) 2001-02-02 2008-03-04 Cheetah Omni, Llc Variable blazed grating based signal processing
US6707591B2 (en) 2001-04-10 2004-03-16 Silicon Light Machines Angled illumination for a single order light modulator based projection system
US6747781B2 (en) 2001-06-25 2004-06-08 Silicon Light Machines, Inc. Method, apparatus, and diffuser for reducing laser speckle
US6782205B2 (en) 2001-06-25 2004-08-24 Silicon Light Machines Method and apparatus for dynamic equalization in wavelength division multiplexing
US6589625B1 (en) 2001-08-01 2003-07-08 Iridigm Display Corporation Hermetic seal and method to create the same
US6829092B2 (en) 2001-08-15 2004-12-07 Silicon Light Machines, Inc. Blazed grating light valve
US7110671B1 (en) * 2001-12-03 2006-09-19 Cheetah Omni, Llc Method and apparatus for scheduling communication using a star switching fabric
US6800238B1 (en) 2002-01-15 2004-10-05 Silicon Light Machines, Inc. Method for domain patterning in low coercive field ferroelectrics
US6794119B2 (en) * 2002-02-12 2004-09-21 Iridigm Display Corporation Method for fabricating a structure for a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device
US6574033B1 (en) 2002-02-27 2003-06-03 Iridigm Display Corporation Microelectromechanical systems device and method for fabricating same
US6767751B2 (en) 2002-05-28 2004-07-27 Silicon Light Machines, Inc. Integrated driver process flow
US6728023B1 (en) 2002-05-28 2004-04-27 Silicon Light Machines Optical device arrays with optimized image resolution
US6822797B1 (en) 2002-05-31 2004-11-23 Silicon Light Machines, Inc. Light modulator structure for producing high-contrast operation using zero-order light
US6829258B1 (en) 2002-06-26 2004-12-07 Silicon Light Machines, Inc. Rapidly tunable external cavity laser
US6714337B1 (en) 2002-06-28 2004-03-30 Silicon Light Machines Method and device for modulating a light beam and having an improved gamma response
US6813059B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2004-11-02 Silicon Light Machines, Inc. Reduced formation of asperities in contact micro-structures
US6801354B1 (en) 2002-08-20 2004-10-05 Silicon Light Machines, Inc. 2-D diffraction grating for substantially eliminating polarization dependent losses
US7057795B2 (en) * 2002-08-20 2006-06-06 Silicon Light Machines Corporation Micro-structures with individually addressable ribbon pairs
US7781850B2 (en) * 2002-09-20 2010-08-24 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Controlling electromechanical behavior of structures within a microelectromechanical systems device
US6712480B1 (en) 2002-09-27 2004-03-30 Silicon Light Machines Controlled curvature of stressed micro-structures
US20060007406A1 (en) * 2002-10-21 2006-01-12 Sean Adkins Equipment, systems and methods for control of color in projection displays
TW200413810A (en) 2003-01-29 2004-08-01 Prime View Int Co Ltd Light interference display panel and its manufacturing method
US7417782B2 (en) * 2005-02-23 2008-08-26 Pixtronix, Incorporated Methods and apparatus for spatial light modulation
US6806997B1 (en) 2003-02-28 2004-10-19 Silicon Light Machines, Inc. Patterned diffractive light modulator ribbon for PDL reduction
US6829077B1 (en) 2003-02-28 2004-12-07 Silicon Light Machines, Inc. Diffractive light modulator with dynamically rotatable diffraction plane
WO2004088991A2 (en) * 2003-04-04 2004-10-14 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Using an electronic paper-based screen to improve contrast
TW594360B (en) * 2003-04-21 2004-06-21 Prime View Int Corp Ltd A method for fabricating an interference display cell
US7095546B2 (en) * 2003-04-24 2006-08-22 Metconnex Canada Inc. Micro-electro-mechanical-system two dimensional mirror with articulated suspension structures for high fill factor arrays
CA2526467C (en) 2003-05-20 2015-03-03 Kagutech Ltd. Digital backplane recursive feedback control
TW570896B (en) 2003-05-26 2004-01-11 Prime View Int Co Ltd A method for fabricating an interference display cell
US7397517B2 (en) * 2003-05-30 2008-07-08 Kazuhiro Ohara Display system and signal processing using diamond-shaped DMDs
US7221495B2 (en) * 2003-06-24 2007-05-22 Idc Llc Thin film precursor stack for MEMS manufacturing
TW200506479A (en) * 2003-08-15 2005-02-16 Prime View Int Co Ltd Color changeable pixel for an interference display
US7167148B2 (en) * 2003-08-25 2007-01-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Data processing methods and apparatus in digital display systems
US7315294B2 (en) * 2003-08-25 2008-01-01 Texas Instruments Incorporated Deinterleaving transpose circuits in digital display systems
TWI231865B (en) * 2003-08-26 2005-05-01 Prime View Int Co Ltd An interference display cell and fabrication method thereof
TWI232333B (en) * 2003-09-03 2005-05-11 Prime View Int Co Ltd Display unit using interferometric modulation and manufacturing method thereof
TW593126B (en) 2003-09-30 2004-06-21 Prime View Int Co Ltd A structure of a micro electro mechanical system and manufacturing the same
US6888521B1 (en) * 2003-10-30 2005-05-03 Reflectivity, Inc Integrated driver for use in display systems having micromirrors
US7012726B1 (en) 2003-11-03 2006-03-14 Idc, Llc MEMS devices with unreleased thin film components
US7148910B2 (en) * 2003-11-06 2006-12-12 Eastman Kodak Company High-speed pulse width modulation system and method for linear array spatial light modulators
US7295726B1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2007-11-13 Adriatic Research Institute Gimbal-less micro-electro-mechanical-system tip-tilt and tip-tilt-piston actuators and a method for forming the same
US7428353B1 (en) 2003-12-02 2008-09-23 Adriatic Research Institute MEMS device control with filtered voltage signal shaping
US7161728B2 (en) * 2003-12-09 2007-01-09 Idc, Llc Area array modulation and lead reduction in interferometric modulators
US7142346B2 (en) * 2003-12-09 2006-11-28 Idc, Llc System and method for addressing a MEMS display
US7403187B2 (en) 2004-01-07 2008-07-22 Texas Instruments Incorporated Generalized reset conflict resolution of load/reset sequences for spatial light modulators
US7532194B2 (en) * 2004-02-03 2009-05-12 Idc, Llc Driver voltage adjuster
US7119945B2 (en) 2004-03-03 2006-10-10 Idc, Llc Altering temporal response of microelectromechanical elements
US7706050B2 (en) * 2004-03-05 2010-04-27 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Integrated modulator illumination
US7720148B2 (en) * 2004-03-26 2010-05-18 The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology Efficient multi-frame motion estimation for video compression
US7476327B2 (en) * 2004-05-04 2009-01-13 Idc, Llc Method of manufacture for microelectromechanical devices
US7060895B2 (en) * 2004-05-04 2006-06-13 Idc, Llc Modifying the electro-mechanical behavior of devices
US7164520B2 (en) * 2004-05-12 2007-01-16 Idc, Llc Packaging for an interferometric modulator
US7499065B2 (en) * 2004-06-11 2009-03-03 Texas Instruments Incorporated Asymmetrical switching delay compensation in display systems
US7256922B2 (en) * 2004-07-02 2007-08-14 Idc, Llc Interferometric modulators with thin film transistors
TWI233916B (en) * 2004-07-09 2005-06-11 Prime View Int Co Ltd A structure of a micro electro mechanical system
KR101354520B1 (ko) * 2004-07-29 2014-01-21 퀄컴 엠이엠에스 테크놀로지스, 인크. 간섭 변조기의 미소기전 동작을 위한 시스템 및 방법
US7889163B2 (en) * 2004-08-27 2011-02-15 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Drive method for MEMS devices
US7515147B2 (en) * 2004-08-27 2009-04-07 Idc, Llc Staggered column drive circuit systems and methods
US7560299B2 (en) * 2004-08-27 2009-07-14 Idc, Llc Systems and methods of actuating MEMS display elements
US7499208B2 (en) 2004-08-27 2009-03-03 Udc, Llc Current mode display driver circuit realization feature
US7551159B2 (en) 2004-08-27 2009-06-23 Idc, Llc System and method of sensing actuation and release voltages of an interferometric modulator
US7602375B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-10-13 Idc, Llc Method and system for writing data to MEMS display elements
US20060176487A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-08-10 William Cummings Process control monitors for interferometric modulators
US7417783B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-08-26 Idc, Llc Mirror and mirror layer for optical modulator and method
US7545550B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-06-09 Idc, Llc Systems and methods of actuating MEMS display elements
US8878825B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2014-11-04 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method for providing a variable refresh rate of an interferometric modulator display
US20060065622A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-03-30 Floyd Philip D Method and system for xenon fluoride etching with enhanced efficiency
US7355780B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-04-08 Idc, Llc System and method of illuminating interferometric modulators using backlighting
US7692839B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2010-04-06 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method of providing MEMS device with anti-stiction coating
US8008736B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2011-08-30 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Analog interferometric modulator device
US7701631B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2010-04-20 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Device having patterned spacers for backplates and method of making the same
US7369294B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-05-06 Idc, Llc Ornamental display device
US7630119B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-12-08 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for reducing slippage between structures in an interferometric modulator
US7553684B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-06-30 Idc, Llc Method of fabricating interferometric devices using lift-off processing techniques
US7586484B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-09-08 Idc, Llc Controller and driver features for bi-stable display
US7583429B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2009-09-01 Idc, Llc Ornamental display device
US20060103643A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-05-18 Mithran Mathew Measuring and modeling power consumption in displays
US7289256B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2007-10-30 Idc, Llc Electrical characterization of interferometric modulators
US7684104B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2010-03-23 Idc, Llc MEMS using filler material and method
US7460246B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-12-02 Idc, Llc Method and system for sensing light using interferometric elements
US7372613B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2008-05-13 Idc, Llc Method and device for multistate interferometric light modulation
US7130104B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-10-31 Idc, Llc Methods and devices for inhibiting tilting of a mirror in an interferometric modulator
US7944599B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2011-05-17 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Electromechanical device with optical function separated from mechanical and electrical function
US20060076634A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-13 Lauren Palmateer Method and system for packaging MEMS devices with incorporated getter
US7653371B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2010-01-26 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Selectable capacitance circuit
US20060077126A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-13 Manish Kothari Apparatus and method for arranging devices into an interconnected array
US7359066B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-04-15 Idc, Llc Electro-optical measurement of hysteresis in interferometric modulators
US20060065366A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-03-30 Cummings William J Portable etch chamber
US7429334B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-09-30 Idc, Llc Methods of fabricating interferometric modulators by selectively removing a material
US7161730B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2007-01-09 Idc, Llc System and method for providing thermal compensation for an interferometric modulator display
US7369296B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-05-06 Idc, Llc Device and method for modifying actuation voltage thresholds of a deformable membrane in an interferometric modulator
US7564612B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-07-21 Idc, Llc Photonic MEMS and structures
US7420725B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2008-09-02 Idc, Llc Device having a conductive light absorbing mask and method for fabricating same
US20060066596A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-03-30 Sampsell Jeffrey B System and method of transmitting video data
US7679627B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2010-03-16 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Controller and driver features for bi-stable display
US7532195B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-05-12 Idc, Llc Method and system for reducing power consumption in a display
US7259449B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2007-08-21 Idc, Llc Method and system for sealing a substrate
US7893919B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2011-02-22 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Display region architectures
US7453579B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2008-11-18 Idc, Llc Measurement of the dynamic characteristics of interferometric modulators
US7916103B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2011-03-29 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method for display device with end-of-life phenomena
US7304784B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2007-12-04 Idc, Llc Reflective display device having viewable display on both sides
US7936497B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2011-05-03 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. MEMS device having deformable membrane characterized by mechanical persistence
US7424198B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-09-09 Idc, Llc Method and device for packaging a substrate
US7675669B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2010-03-09 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and system for driving interferometric modulators
US7415186B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-08-19 Idc, Llc Methods for visually inspecting interferometric modulators for defects
US7345805B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-03-18 Idc, Llc Interferometric modulator array with integrated MEMS electrical switches
US7527995B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-05-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method of making prestructure for MEMS systems
US7724993B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2010-05-25 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. MEMS switches with deforming membranes
US7349136B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-03-25 Idc, Llc Method and device for a display having transparent components integrated therein
US7554714B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-06-30 Idc, Llc Device and method for manipulation of thermal response in a modulator
US7813026B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2010-10-12 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method of reducing color shift in a display
US7405924B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2008-07-29 Idc, Llc System and method for protecting microelectromechanical systems array using structurally reinforced back-plate
US7373026B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-05-13 Idc, Llc MEMS device fabricated on a pre-patterned substrate
US7492502B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-02-17 Idc, Llc Method of fabricating a free-standing microstructure
US7446927B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-11-04 Idc, Llc MEMS switch with set and latch electrodes
US7302157B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2007-11-27 Idc, Llc System and method for multi-level brightness in interferometric modulation
US7920135B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2011-04-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and system for driving a bi-stable display
US7668415B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2010-02-23 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for providing electronic circuitry on a backplate
US7327510B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2008-02-05 Idc, Llc Process for modifying offset voltage characteristics of an interferometric modulator
US7368803B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-05-06 Idc, Llc System and method for protecting microelectromechanical systems array using back-plate with non-flat portion
US7289259B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2007-10-30 Idc, Llc Conductive bus structure for interferometric modulator array
US7321456B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-01-22 Idc, Llc Method and device for corner interferometric modulation
US7843410B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2010-11-30 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for electrically programmable display
US7310179B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2007-12-18 Idc, Llc Method and device for selective adjustment of hysteresis window
US8310441B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2012-11-13 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and system for writing data to MEMS display elements
US7405861B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-07-29 Idc, Llc Method and device for protecting interferometric modulators from electrostatic discharge
US7343080B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2008-03-11 Idc, Llc System and method of testing humidity in a sealed MEMS device
US20060066594A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-03-30 Karen Tyger Systems and methods for driving a bi-stable display element
US20060067650A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-03-30 Clarence Chui Method of making a reflective display device using thin film transistor production techniques
US7719500B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2010-05-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Reflective display pixels arranged in non-rectangular arrays
US8124434B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2012-02-28 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and system for packaging a display
US7136213B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-11-14 Idc, Llc Interferometric modulators having charge persistence
US7710629B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2010-05-04 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method for display device with reinforcing substance
US7417735B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-08-26 Idc, Llc Systems and methods for measuring color and contrast in specular reflective devices
WO2006037044A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-06 Idc, Llc Method and device for multistate interferometric light modulation
US7299681B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2007-11-27 Idc, Llc Method and system for detecting leak in electronic devices
US7626581B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-12-01 Idc, Llc Device and method for display memory using manipulation of mechanical response
US7317568B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2008-01-08 Idc, Llc System and method of implementation of interferometric modulators for display mirrors
US7535466B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2009-05-19 Idc, Llc System with server based control of client device display features
US7808703B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2010-10-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method for implementation of interferometric modulator displays
US9082347B2 (en) * 2005-01-19 2015-07-14 Intel Corporation Illumination modulation technique for microdisplays
TW200628877A (en) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-16 Prime View Int Co Ltd Method of manufacturing optical interference type color display
CA2536722A1 (en) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-16 Jds Uniphase Inc. Articulated mems structures
US20070205969A1 (en) 2005-02-23 2007-09-06 Pixtronix, Incorporated Direct-view MEMS display devices and methods for generating images thereon
US9158106B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2015-10-13 Pixtronix, Inc. Display methods and apparatus
US9082353B2 (en) 2010-01-05 2015-07-14 Pixtronix, Inc. Circuits for controlling display apparatus
US7405852B2 (en) * 2005-02-23 2008-07-29 Pixtronix, Inc. Display apparatus and methods for manufacture thereof
US8310442B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2012-11-13 Pixtronix, Inc. Circuits for controlling display apparatus
US8482496B2 (en) * 2006-01-06 2013-07-09 Pixtronix, Inc. Circuits for controlling MEMS display apparatus on a transparent substrate
US7755582B2 (en) * 2005-02-23 2010-07-13 Pixtronix, Incorporated Display methods and apparatus
US7999994B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2011-08-16 Pixtronix, Inc. Display apparatus and methods for manufacture thereof
US8519945B2 (en) * 2006-01-06 2013-08-27 Pixtronix, Inc. Circuits for controlling display apparatus
US7746529B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2010-06-29 Pixtronix, Inc. MEMS display apparatus
US9261694B2 (en) * 2005-02-23 2016-02-16 Pixtronix, Inc. Display apparatus and methods for manufacture thereof
US7304786B2 (en) * 2005-02-23 2007-12-04 Pixtronix, Inc. Methods and apparatus for bi-stable actuation of displays
US7304785B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2007-12-04 Pixtronix, Inc. Display methods and apparatus
US9229222B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2016-01-05 Pixtronix, Inc. Alignment methods in fluid-filled MEMS displays
US8159428B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2012-04-17 Pixtronix, Inc. Display methods and apparatus
US20060209012A1 (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-09-21 Pixtronix, Incorporated Devices having MEMS displays
US7295363B2 (en) 2005-04-08 2007-11-13 Texas Instruments Incorporated Optical coating on light transmissive substrates of micromirror devices
US7920136B2 (en) * 2005-05-05 2011-04-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method of driving a MEMS display device
US7948457B2 (en) * 2005-05-05 2011-05-24 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods of actuating MEMS display elements
WO2006121784A1 (en) 2005-05-05 2006-11-16 Qualcomm Incorporated, Inc. Dynamic driver ic and display panel configuration
US20060277486A1 (en) * 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Skinner David N File or user interface element marking system
CN101228093B (zh) 2005-07-22 2012-11-28 高通Mems科技公司 具有支撑结构的mems装置及其制造方法
WO2007013939A1 (en) * 2005-07-22 2007-02-01 Qualcomm Incorporated Support structure for mems device and methods therefor
US7822277B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2010-10-26 Ati Technologies Ulc Method and apparatus for communicating compressed video information
US7355779B2 (en) * 2005-09-02 2008-04-08 Idc, Llc Method and system for driving MEMS display elements
US7580172B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2009-08-25 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. MEMS device and interconnects for same
US7630114B2 (en) * 2005-10-28 2009-12-08 Idc, Llc Diffusion barrier layer for MEMS devices
US7429983B2 (en) 2005-11-01 2008-09-30 Cheetah Omni, Llc Packet-based digital display system
US8391630B2 (en) * 2005-12-22 2013-03-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method for power reduction when decompressing video streams for interferometric modulator displays
US7795061B2 (en) 2005-12-29 2010-09-14 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method of creating MEMS device cavities by a non-etching process
US7636151B2 (en) * 2006-01-06 2009-12-22 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method for providing residual stress test structures
US7916980B2 (en) * 2006-01-13 2011-03-29 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Interconnect structure for MEMS device
US7382515B2 (en) * 2006-01-18 2008-06-03 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Silicon-rich silicon nitrides as etch stops in MEMS manufacture
US7652814B2 (en) 2006-01-27 2010-01-26 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. MEMS device with integrated optical element
US8194056B2 (en) * 2006-02-09 2012-06-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies Inc. Method and system for writing data to MEMS display elements
US7582952B2 (en) * 2006-02-21 2009-09-01 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method for providing and removing discharging interconnect for chip-on-glass output leads and structures thereof
US7547568B2 (en) * 2006-02-22 2009-06-16 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Electrical conditioning of MEMS device and insulating layer thereof
US8526096B2 (en) * 2006-02-23 2013-09-03 Pixtronix, Inc. Mechanical light modulators with stressed beams
US7550810B2 (en) * 2006-02-23 2009-06-23 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. MEMS device having a layer movable at asymmetric rates
US7450295B2 (en) * 2006-03-02 2008-11-11 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Methods for producing MEMS with protective coatings using multi-component sacrificial layers
US7643203B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2010-01-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Interferometric optical display system with broadband characteristics
US7903047B2 (en) * 2006-04-17 2011-03-08 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Mode indicator for interferometric modulator displays
US20070249078A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2007-10-25 Ming-Hau Tung Non-planar surface structures and process for microelectromechanical systems
US7711239B2 (en) 2006-04-19 2010-05-04 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Microelectromechanical device and method utilizing nanoparticles
US7623287B2 (en) * 2006-04-19 2009-11-24 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Non-planar surface structures and process for microelectromechanical systems
US7417784B2 (en) 2006-04-19 2008-08-26 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Microelectromechanical device and method utilizing a porous surface
US7527996B2 (en) * 2006-04-19 2009-05-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Non-planar surface structures and process for microelectromechanical systems
US8049713B2 (en) * 2006-04-24 2011-11-01 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Power consumption optimized display update
US7369292B2 (en) * 2006-05-03 2008-05-06 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Electrode and interconnect materials for MEMS devices
US7321457B2 (en) 2006-06-01 2008-01-22 Qualcomm Incorporated Process and structure for fabrication of MEMS device having isolated edge posts
US7649671B2 (en) * 2006-06-01 2010-01-19 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Analog interferometric modulator device with electrostatic actuation and release
US7405863B2 (en) * 2006-06-01 2008-07-29 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Patterning of mechanical layer in MEMS to reduce stresses at supports
US7876489B2 (en) * 2006-06-05 2011-01-25 Pixtronix, Inc. Display apparatus with optical cavities
US7471442B2 (en) * 2006-06-15 2008-12-30 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for low range bit depth enhancements for MEMS display architectures
US7702192B2 (en) 2006-06-21 2010-04-20 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for driving MEMS display
US7835061B2 (en) * 2006-06-28 2010-11-16 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Support structures for free-standing electromechanical devices
US7385744B2 (en) * 2006-06-28 2008-06-10 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Support structure for free-standing MEMS device and methods for forming the same
US7777715B2 (en) 2006-06-29 2010-08-17 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Passive circuits for de-multiplexing display inputs
US7527998B2 (en) * 2006-06-30 2009-05-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method of manufacturing MEMS devices providing air gap control
US7388704B2 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-06-17 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Determination of interferometric modulator mirror curvature and airgap variation using digital photographs
US7763546B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2010-07-27 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Methods for reducing surface charges during the manufacture of microelectromechanical systems devices
US7566664B2 (en) * 2006-08-02 2009-07-28 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Selective etching of MEMS using gaseous halides and reactive co-etchants
US20080043315A1 (en) * 2006-08-15 2008-02-21 Cummings William J High profile contacts for microelectromechanical systems
US7515324B2 (en) * 2006-10-17 2009-04-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated System and method for resolving reset conflicts in a phased-reset spatial light modulator system
WO2008051362A1 (en) 2006-10-20 2008-05-02 Pixtronix, Inc. Light guides and backlight systems incorporating light redirectors at varying densities
US7706042B2 (en) 2006-12-20 2010-04-27 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. MEMS device and interconnects for same
US7969384B2 (en) * 2006-12-27 2011-06-28 Silicon Quest Kabushiki Kaisha Deformable micromirror device
US7852546B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2010-12-14 Pixtronix, Inc. Spacers for maintaining display apparatus alignment
US9176318B2 (en) 2007-05-18 2015-11-03 Pixtronix, Inc. Methods for manufacturing fluid-filled MEMS displays
WO2008088892A2 (en) * 2007-01-19 2008-07-24 Pixtronix, Inc. Sensor-based feedback for display apparatus
JP4743132B2 (ja) * 2007-02-15 2011-08-10 ティアック株式会社 複数のファンクションキーを有する電子機器
US7903104B2 (en) * 2007-03-21 2011-03-08 Spatial Photonics, Inc. Spatial modulator display system using two memories and display time slices having differing times
US7719752B2 (en) 2007-05-11 2010-05-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. MEMS structures, methods of fabricating MEMS components on separate substrates and assembly of same
GB0711462D0 (en) * 2007-06-13 2007-07-25 Digital Projection Ltd Digital image display services
US7570415B2 (en) * 2007-08-07 2009-08-04 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. MEMS device and interconnects for same
RU2010133953A (ru) * 2008-02-11 2012-03-20 Квалкомм Мемс Текнолоджис, Инк. (Us) Способ и устройство считывания, измерения или определения параметров дисплейных элементов, объединенных со схемой управления дисплеем, а также система, в которой применены такие способ и устройство
US8248560B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2012-08-21 Pixtronix, Inc. Light guides and backlight systems incorporating prismatic structures and light redirectors
US7924441B1 (en) 2008-08-08 2011-04-12 Mirrorcle Technologies, Inc. Fast and high-precision 3D tracking and position measurement with MEMS micromirrors
US8169679B2 (en) 2008-10-27 2012-05-01 Pixtronix, Inc. MEMS anchors
DE102009007504A1 (de) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-12 E:Cue Control Gmbh Anzeigevorrichtung, Betriebsverfahren und Beleuchtungsvorrichtung
US8736590B2 (en) * 2009-03-27 2014-05-27 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Low voltage driver scheme for interferometric modulators
US7864403B2 (en) 2009-03-27 2011-01-04 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Post-release adjustment of interferometric modulator reflectivity
JP5283037B2 (ja) 2009-04-25 2013-09-04 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 高均一照度が得られる照明装置及び照明方法
JP2013519121A (ja) * 2010-02-02 2013-05-23 ピクストロニックス・インコーポレーテッド 低温封孔流体充填ディスプレイ装置を製造するための方法
CN102834859B (zh) * 2010-02-02 2015-06-03 皮克斯特罗尼克斯公司 用于控制显示装置的电路
US20110205756A1 (en) * 2010-02-19 2011-08-25 Pixtronix, Inc. Light guides and backlight systems incorporating prismatic structures and light redirectors
BR112012022900A2 (pt) 2010-03-11 2018-06-05 Pixtronix Inc modos de operação transflexivos e refletivos para um dispositivo de exibição
CN102834761A (zh) 2010-04-09 2012-12-19 高通Mems科技公司 机电装置的机械层及其形成方法
JP5741795B2 (ja) 2010-11-09 2015-07-01 セイコーエプソン株式会社 プロジェクター及びその制御方法
US8963159B2 (en) 2011-04-04 2015-02-24 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Pixel via and methods of forming the same
US9134527B2 (en) 2011-04-04 2015-09-15 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Pixel via and methods of forming the same
US8749538B2 (en) 2011-10-21 2014-06-10 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Device and method of controlling brightness of a display based on ambient lighting conditions
US9230296B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2016-01-05 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial and temporal pulse width modulation method for image display
US9183812B2 (en) 2013-01-29 2015-11-10 Pixtronix, Inc. Ambient light aware display apparatus
US9134552B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-09-15 Pixtronix, Inc. Display apparatus with narrow gap electrostatic actuators
US10230928B2 (en) 2014-10-27 2019-03-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated Color recapture using polarization recovery in a color-field sequential display system
KR101797042B1 (ko) * 2015-05-15 2017-11-13 삼성전자주식회사 의료 영상 합성 방법 및 장치
US10778945B1 (en) * 2019-02-28 2020-09-15 Texas Instruments Incorporated Spatial light modulator with embedded pattern generation
CN112634334B (zh) * 2020-12-24 2023-09-01 长春理工大学 基于融合像素调制的超高动态投影显示方法和系统

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0261897B1 (en) * 1986-09-20 1992-08-19 THORN EMI plc Display device

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3882271A (en) * 1973-11-13 1975-05-06 Columbia Broadcasting Syst Inc Display using array of charge storage devices
US4559535A (en) * 1982-07-12 1985-12-17 Sigmatron Nova, Inc. System for displaying information with multiple shades of a color on a thin-film EL matrix display panel
US4680579A (en) * 1983-09-08 1987-07-14 Texas Instruments Incorporated Optical system for projection display using spatial light modulator device
US4709995A (en) * 1984-08-18 1987-12-01 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Ferroelectric display panel and driving method therefor to achieve gray scale
US4775891A (en) * 1984-08-31 1988-10-04 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Image display using liquid crystal display panel
GB2165066B (en) * 1984-09-25 1988-08-24 Sony Corp Video data storage
US4615595A (en) * 1984-10-10 1986-10-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated Frame addressed spatial light modulator
US4816816A (en) * 1985-06-17 1989-03-28 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Liquid-crystal display apparatus
FR2587809B1 (fr) * 1985-09-20 1987-11-27 Labo Electronique Physique Relais optique dont la cible fonctionne en mode ferroelectrique
JPS6273294A (ja) * 1985-09-27 1987-04-03 カシオ計算機株式会社 画像表示装置
GB8622717D0 (en) * 1986-09-20 1986-10-29 Emi Plc Thorn Display device
US4881099A (en) * 1987-07-31 1989-11-14 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Reader printer and image recording apparatus
JPH0233799A (ja) * 1988-07-22 1990-02-02 Toshiba Corp 半導体記録装置のデコード方法およびその装置
US4996523A (en) * 1988-10-20 1991-02-26 Eastman Kodak Company Electroluminescent storage display with improved intensity driver circuits
US5032924A (en) * 1989-04-10 1991-07-16 Nilford Laboratories, Inc. System for producing an image from a sequence of pixels
US4999626A (en) * 1989-10-30 1991-03-12 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Apparatus having a modular decimation architecture
CA2063744C (en) * 1991-04-01 2002-10-08 Paul M. Urbanus Digital micromirror device architecture and timing for use in a pulse-width modulated display system
US5255100A (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-10-19 Texas Instruments Incorporated Data formatter with orthogonal input/output and spatial reordering

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0261897B1 (en) * 1986-09-20 1992-08-19 THORN EMI plc Display device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0689343A2 (en) 1995-12-27
CN1115936A (zh) 1996-01-31
KR920020249A (ko) 1992-11-20
US5523803A (en) 1996-06-04
EP0689345A3 (en) 1996-05-15
EP0689343A3 (en) 1996-05-15
US5339116A (en) 1994-08-16
CN1115935A (zh) 1996-01-31
CN1068232A (zh) 1993-01-20
KR100253106B1 (ko) 2000-05-01
CN1064804C (zh) 2001-04-18
TW226513B (zh) 1994-07-11
CN1040493C (zh) 1998-10-28
US5745193A (en) 1998-04-28
EP0689345B1 (en) 2002-07-10
JPH05183851A (ja) 1993-07-23
CA2063744A1 (en) 1992-10-02
EP0689344A3 (en) 1996-05-15
CA2063744C (en) 2002-10-08
EP0507270A1 (en) 1992-10-07
DE69220998D1 (de) 1997-09-04
EP0507270B1 (en) 1997-07-23
DE69232676D1 (de) 2002-08-14
DE69220998T2 (de) 1998-01-22
EP0689345A2 (en) 1995-12-27
EP0689344A2 (en) 1995-12-27
DE69232676T2 (de) 2003-02-06
US5278652A (en) 1994-01-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1064805C (zh) 可用于脉宽调制显示系统的数字视频信号存储器
US4901155A (en) Signal processing system for large screen display apparatus
CN1114189C (zh) 用于具有分割复位寻址的空间光调制器的脉宽调制
US5969710A (en) Bit-splitting for pulse width modulated spatial light modulator
US6201521B1 (en) Divided reset for addressing spatial light modulator
US5442411A (en) Displaying video data on a spatial light modulator with line doubling
EP0897573B1 (en) Time-interleaved bit-plane, pulse-width-modulation digital display system
US5663749A (en) Single-buffer data formatter for spatial light modulator
US6151000A (en) Display apparatus and display method thereof
EP0655724B1 (en) Single-frame display memory for spatial light modulator
EP0465063B1 (en) Television image processing apparatus
EP0685830A1 (en) Improvements in or relating to spatial light modulators
KR100413310B1 (ko) 픽셀데이타디스플레이방법
US8442332B2 (en) Bit plane encoding/decoding system and method for reducing spatial light modulator image memory size
CN1163035A (zh) 具有一数模转换器的可致动镜阵列驱动电路
JPH04256998A (ja) 高速カラー表示システムおよびその使用方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C19 Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee