CN106289524A - Spectrum imaging system based on free form surface - Google Patents
Spectrum imaging system based on free form surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN106289524A CN106289524A CN201610556182.XA CN201610556182A CN106289524A CN 106289524 A CN106289524 A CN 106289524A CN 201610556182 A CN201610556182 A CN 201610556182A CN 106289524 A CN106289524 A CN 106289524A
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- form surface
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 102100025490 Slit homolog 1 protein Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710123186 Slit homolog 1 protein Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000700608 Sagitta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of spectrum imaging system based on free form surface, it is characterised in that including: entrance slit, curved surface prism, free-form surface mirror, plane mirror and detector image planes；Wherein, entrance slit is the object plane of spectrum imaging system, and light is incident to curved surface prism by entrance slit with thing side's telecentricity, reflected by free-form surface mirror after transmission, again through curved surface prism transmission, after after plane mirror reflects, image in detector image planes.This system utilizes the rotation asymmetry of free form surface, effectively overcomes diffraction efficiency of grating low, the problem that spectral line level time is overlapping；System use only a reflecting mirror, one prism, the aberration that effective balance is brought owing to visual field increases, the areas imaging of expansion system, improve image quality, reduce the volume and weight of spectral instrument, it is achieved system is simplified, provide application for meeting big visual field object lens of large relative aperture wide spectrum airborne.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectral imaging technology field, particularly relate to a kind of spectrum imaging system based on free form surface.
Background technology
High light spectrum image-forming technology difference and tradition imaging, it is collection spectrum and images in integrally, it is possible to obtain target simultaneously
Image and spectral information.Tradition record by imaging is the spatial information of object of study, and transmission spectra record is multiple wavelength
Intensity in each pixel, it is provided that the spectral information of object of study.And high light spectrum image-forming can obtain the change of object of study simultaneously
Learn and physical features, there is good spatial resolution and spectral resolution.Spectral imaging technology is as a kind of special optics
Technology is initially applied to remote sensing survey, is then applied to the fields such as military affairs, agricultural, medical science.
At present, imaging spectrometer, mainly based on color dispersion-type, mainly includes prism dispersion and grating dispersion two kinds.
Wherein, grating beam splitting mode diffraction efficiency is low, and convex grating manufacturing cost is high, and processing technology is immature, and price is held high
Expensive, processing and fabricating is difficult, debugs difficulty, poor universality, and the scope of application is little.
Plane grating difficulty aberration correction, prism dispersion is high due to energy, and stepless overlap etc. is widely used.But conventional prism
Dispersion belongs to Off-axial optical system, and multiple smooth axial aberration difficulties correct, and difficulty is debug in processing.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of spectrum imaging system based on free form surface, its miniaturized structure, lightweight,
Simplify, and be prone to processing and debug detection.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of spectrum imaging system based on free form surface, including: entrance slit, curved surface prism, free-form surface mirror,
Plane mirror and detector image planes；
Wherein, entrance slit is the object plane of spectrum imaging system, and light is incident to curved surface by entrance slit with thing side's telecentricity
Prism, is reflected by free-form surface mirror after transmission, again through curved surface prism transmission, after reflect through plane mirror
After, image in detector image planes.
Described free-form surface mirror is based on the polynomial mathematical model of Zernike, and its expression formula is:
Wherein, r is radius of curvature, and c is curved surface constant, AiBeing i-th zernike multinomial coefficient, k is secondary term system
Number, N is zernike item number, and ρ, φ are the parametric variable of zernike expression formula, ZiFor i-th the zernike expression formula used.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the rotation asymmetry of free form surface is utilized, effectively
Overcome diffraction efficiency of grating low, the problem that spectral line level time is overlapping；System use only a reflecting mirror, a prism, have
The aberration that the balance of effect is brought owing to visual field increases, expands the areas imaging of system, improves image quality, reduces spectrogrph
The volume and weight of device, it is achieved system is simplified, provides application for meeting big visual field object lens of large relative aperture wide spectrum airborne.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, required use in embodiment being described below
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, below describe in accompanying drawing be only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
From the point of view of the those of ordinary skill in field, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
The structural representation of a kind of based on free form surface the spectrum imaging system that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
System MTF curve schematic diagram of full filed at shortwave typical wavelengths that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
System MTF curve schematic diagram of full filed at medium wave typical wavelengths that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
System MTF curve schematic diagram of full filed at long wave typical wavelengths that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
Inventive embodiment, the every other enforcement that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Example, broadly falls into protection scope of the present invention.
The structural representation of a kind of based on free form surface the spectrum imaging system that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As
Shown in Fig. 1, it specifically includes that
Entrance slit 1, curved surface prism 2, free-form surface mirror 3, plane mirror 4 and detector image planes 5；
Wherein, entrance slit 1 is the object plane of spectrum imaging system, and light is incident to song by entrance slit 1 with thing side's telecentricity
Face prism 2, is reflected by free-form surface mirror 3 after transmission, again through curved surface prism 2 transmission, after through plane mirror 4
After reflection, image in detector image planes 5.
In the embodiment of the present invention, plane mirror 4 is only used for turning back used by light path, does not affect image quality.Whole spectrum
Instrument system is twice transmission by curved surface prism, and the primary event of free-form surface mirror, it is achieved that the simplification of light path is little
Aberration design.
The said system of the embodiment of the present invention, utilizes the rotation asymmetry of free form surface, effectively overcomes grating and spreads out
Penetrate efficiency low, the problem that spectral line level time is overlapping；System use only a reflecting mirror, a prism, effective balance due to
The aberration that visual field increases and brings, expands the areas imaging of system, improves image quality, reduces volume and the weight of spectral instrument
Amount, it is achieved system is simplified, provides application for meeting big visual field object lens of large relative aperture wide spectrum airborne.
Exemplary, the major technique of a kind of based on free form surface the spectrum imaging system that the embodiment of the present invention provides refers to
Mark can be: wave-length coverage 0.4 μm～1 μm, dispersion length 3mm, entrance slit length 10mm, object-side numerical aperture 0.12, is
System overall length 77mm.
The parameter of system optics is as shown in table 1.
| Optical element | Radius/mm | Thickness/mm | Other/mm |
| Slit (object plane) 1 | Plane | 62.7 | |
| Curved surface prism 2 front surface | -84.1 | 12 | |
| Curved surface prism 2 rear surface | -96.9 | 25 | |
| Free-form surface mirror 3 | -122.5 | 40 | Eccentric 13 |
| Plane mirror 4 | Plane | 63.7 | |
| Detector image planes 5 | Plane |
Table 1: optical component parameter
In the embodiment of the present invention, free-form surface mirror is based on the polynomial mathematical model of Zernike, it is simple to processing is real
Existing.
The expression formula of mathematical model is:
Wherein, r is radius of curvature, and c is curved surface constant, AiBeing i-th zernike multinomial coefficient, k is secondary term system
Number, N is zernike item number, and ρ, φ are the parametric variable of zernike expression formula, ZiFor i-th the zernike expression formula used.
Wherein the coefficient of free form surface is as shown in table 2: Z1-Z16 is zernike multinomial coefficient, is model expression
In Ai。
| Z1 | Z2 | Z3 | Z4 |
| 6.9 | 1.19 | 0.37 | -0.04 |
| Z5 | Z6 | Z7 | Z8 |
| -0.146 | 0.073 | 0.054 | 0.056 |
| Z9 | Z10 | Z11 | Z12 |
| -0.151 | -0.033 | -0.016 | -0.042 |
| Z13 | Z14 | Z15 | Z16 |
| -0.02 | 0.103 | -0.02 | -6.496E-003 |
Table 2: the coefficient of free form surface
The spectrum imaging system based on free form surface that the embodiment of the present invention is provided is at shortwave, medium wave, long wave typical case's ripple
MTF (modulation transfer function (MTF)) curve of strong point full filed is the most as in Figure 2-4.Shortwave therein, medium wave, long wave can be distinguished
400nm、600nm1000nm.In Fig. 2-4, transverse axis spatial frequency in cycles per mm is the cut-off of system
Frequency, unit be line right/millimeter, Modulus of the OTF is modulating transfer function value.It can be seen that each ripple
Long image quality within nyquist frequency is preferable.
The such scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, in terms of existing technologies, mainly has the advantage that
1) system is only with one piece of curved surface prism, realizes big dispersion by double transmissions, is effectively improved system spectrum and differentiates
Rate, it is achieved the simplification of system；
2) compared with grating spectrograph, this system is higher than 98% almost without optical energy loss, transmitance, and signal to noise ratio improves one
More than Bei；
3) the curved surface prism technical maturity that system is used, and processing cost is low, easily realizes processing and debugs；
4) the face type of free-form surface mirror uses a kind of simple mathematical model, characterizes function based on Zernike many
Item formula, it is simple to realize processing；
5) free-form surface mirror is introduced so that meridian and the sagitta of arc aberration of system have obtained effective correction,
6) image quality is effectively improved, the aberration that correction causes due to spectral coverage broadening.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change that can readily occur in or replacement,
All should contain within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Enclose and be as the criterion.
Claims (2)
1. a spectrum imaging system based on free form surface, it is characterised in that including: entrance slit, curved surface prism, freely song
Face reflecting mirror, plane mirror and detector image planes；
Wherein, entrance slit is the object plane of spectrum imaging system, and light is incident to curved surface prism by entrance slit with thing side's telecentricity,
Reflected by free-form surface mirror after transmission, again through curved surface prism transmission, after after plane mirror reflects, imaging
In detector image planes.
A kind of spectrum imaging system based on free form surface the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described the most bent
Face reflecting mirror is based on the polynomial mathematical model of Zernike, and its expression formula is:
Wherein, r is radius of curvature, and c is curved surface constant, AiBeing i-th zernike multinomial coefficient, k is quadratic term coefficient, and N is
Zernike item number, ρ, φ are the parametric variable of zernike expression formula, ZiFor i-th the zernike expression formula used.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110132411A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-16 | 清华大学 | Free form surface imaging spectrometer system |
| CN110133844A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-16 | 清华大学 | The design method of freeform optics system with Dispersive Devices |
| CN110146166A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-20 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of free curved surface prism spectrum system |
| CN110926610A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-27 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Free-form surface spectrometer |
| CN111678600A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-09-18 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Hall crystal with flat response |
| CN114280764A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 苏州大学 | Large-view-field spectral imaging method and system based on free-form surface prism |
| CN115166957A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-10-11 | 苏州大学 | Dual-band spectral imaging method |
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| CN103900688A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Imaging spectrometer beam splitting system based on free-form surface |
| CN104406691A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Imaging spectrometer optical splitting system based on single free curved surface |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110132411A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-16 | 清华大学 | Free form surface imaging spectrometer system |
| CN110133844A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-16 | 清华大学 | The design method of freeform optics system with Dispersive Devices |
| US10962413B2 (en) | 2018-02-09 | 2021-03-30 | Tsinghua University | Freeform surface imaging spectrometer system |
| CN110146166A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-20 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of free curved surface prism spectrum system |
| CN110146166B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2021-07-09 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Spectrum light splitting system of free-form surface prism |
| CN110926610A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-27 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Free-form surface spectrometer |
| CN111678600A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-09-18 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Hall crystal with flat response |
| CN114280764A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 苏州大学 | Large-view-field spectral imaging method and system based on free-form surface prism |
| CN114280764B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-12-08 | 苏州大学 | Free-form surface prism-based large-view-field spectroscopic imaging method and system |
| CN115166957A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-10-11 | 苏州大学 | Dual-band spectral imaging method |
| CN115166957B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-05-02 | 苏州大学 | Dual-band spectrum imaging method |
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Application publication date: 20170104 |