CN106073737A

CN106073737A - Wearable heart rate monitor

Info

Publication number: CN106073737A
Application number: CN201610622453.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 萨博拉曼尼姆·文卡特拉曼; 谢尔顿·杰骄·袁
Original assignee: Fitbit LLC
Current assignee: Feibit Co ltd
Priority date: 2013-06-03
Filing date: 2014-06-03
Publication date: 2016-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2034-06-03
Also published as: CN106333667A; CN104207756A; CN106333667B; CN104207756B; CN106073737B

Abstract

The application relates to a kind of wearable heart rate monitor.Biometric monitoring arrangement is in order to by using heartbeat waveform sensor and motion detection sensor to determine the heart rate of user.In certain embodiments, described device collects the concurrent output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor and the output data from described motion detection sensor, detect the cyclical component of the described output data from described motion detection sensor, and use the described cyclical component of the described output data from described motion detection sensor to remove corresponding cyclical component from the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor.According to this result, described device can determine that and present the heart rate of described user.

Description

Wearable heart rate monitor

The application is Application No. 201410243178.9, filing date on June 3rd, 2014, invention entitled " wearable Heart rate monitor " the divisional application of application for a patent for invention.

Technical field

The present invention be directed to wearable heart rate monitor.

Background technology

The concern of consumer recently to personal health has caused commercially providing multiple personal health monitoring arrangement.Until Recently, these a little devices often use complexity and are generally designed for an activity, such as cycle touring computer.

The recent advances of sensor, electronic device and power supply miniaturization has allowed personal health monitoring arrangement (in this article Also known as " biometric tracking " or " biometric supervision " device) size carry with previous unpractical minimum size Supply.For example, Fitbit Ultra is about 2 inches long, 0.75 inch wide and 0.5 inch of deep biometric monitoring arrangement； It has pixellated display, battery, sensor, wireless communication ability, power supply and the interface button being encapsulated in this little volume, And for attaching the device to the integrated intermediate plate of the other parts of pocket or clothes.

The present invention is provided in the way of having energy benefits, activate HR based on user movement and skin proximity monitor The method and device of device.The present invention also provides for the LED for operating heart rate monitor and photoelectric detector to obtain for such as The method of the accurate reading of the heart rate that the different user characteristics such as the colour of skin are worked out.

Summary of the invention

Control logic generally but not to be positioned on body-building monitoring arrangement.Described control logic can be embodied as hardware, software, Firmware or its any combination.When performing instruction described herein by control data that logic uses can be by can be completely resident Or partly reside on the memorizer being associated on pairing auxiliary device, depositor etc. on device and store (such as, buffering).Under Literary composition presents for implementing the suitable of control logic referring to such as Figure 11 A to 11G, 12A to 12C, 13A to 13B and 14A to 14D The example of framework.

Subject application provides a kind of use to include that the biometric monitoring arrangement of wearing of multiple sensor determines user's heart rate Method, the plurality of sensor comprises heartbeat waveform sensor and motion detection sensor, and described method includes: (a) collect The concurrent output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor and the output data from described motion detection sensor, wherein Described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor provide the information of the heart rate about described user, and wherein from institute The described output data stating motion detection sensor provide the periodicity health about the described user in addition to heart beating to move Information；B () determines the cyclical component of the described output data from described motion detection sensor；C () uses from institute State the described cyclical component of described output data of motion detection sensor from from described in described heartbeat waveform sensor Output data remove corresponding cyclical component；D () determines the heart rate of described user；And (e) presents the heart rate of described user.

In some instances, described method farther includes from the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor Remove the harmonic wave of described corresponding cyclical component.

In some instances, wherein from the described cyclical component of described output data of described motion detection sensor For moving the fundamental frequency of generation from the periodicity of described user.

In some instances, wherein corresponding periodicity is removed from the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor Component includes being applied to by sef-adapting filter from the described output data of described heartbeat waveform sensor and from described fortune The described output data of dynamic detection sensor.

In some instances, wherein corresponding periodicity is removed from the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor Component includes sef-adapting filter function is applied to the described output data from described motion detection sensor, described adaptive Filter function is answered to minimize from the described output data of described heartbeat waveform sensor and from motion detection sensor Difference between described output data.

In some instances, method farther includes: determine level of activation and/or the Activity Type of user；And based on The level of activation at family and/or Activity Type determine the parameter of function.

In some instances, method farther includes: analyze from the output data of motion detection sensor to infer use Family is the most static；And temporarily hang up (c).

In some instances, wherein by motion sensor senses to periodicity to move be that the limbs of wearer move.

In some instances, wherein limbs move into walking, stroke, by bike time ankle rotate and on aerobic machine Lower limb move.

In some instances, wherein motion detection sensor is accelerometer or gyroscope.

In some instances, wherein heartbeat waveform sensor includes photoelectricity volume map sensor or ECG sensor.

Under some examples, wherein include from heartbeat waveform sensor collection output data: make at the first frequency to wear Light source pulsation in biometric monitoring arrangement；And detect the light from light source at the first frequency.

Under some examples, light source pulsation is made to include that launching the one of virtually constant intensity is the most at the first frequency Row light pulse.

Under some examples, wherein present the heart rate of user and be included in wear and present heart rate on biometric monitoring arrangement.

Under some examples, wherein present the heart rate of user and be included in and wear biometric monitoring arrangement and periodically lead to Heart rate is presented on the external device (ED) of letter.

Subject application further provides for a kind of use and includes that the biometric monitoring arrangement of wearing of multiple sensor determines use The method of family heart rate, the plurality of sensor comprises heartbeat waveform sensor and motion detection sensor, and described method includes: A () collects the concurrent output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor and the output number from described motion detection sensor According to, wherein the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor provide the information of the heart rate about described user, and its In provide about the periodicity of the described user in addition to heart beating from the described output data of described motion detection sensor The information that health moves；B () determines the cyclical component of the described output data from described motion detection sensor；C () is right Described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor are filtered removing the change slower relative to expection heart rate, its Described in filtering produce from described heartbeat waveform sensor high-pass filtering export data；D () determines the heart rate of described user； And (e) presents the heart rate of described user.

In some instances, method farther includes: use the described output data from described motion detection sensor Described cyclical component from from described heartbeat waveform sensor through high-pass filtering output data remove corresponding periodically point Amount.

In some instances, wherein filter and remove less than about 0.6Hz's from the output data from heartbeat waveform sensor Frequency.

In some instances, wherein filter and remove less than about 0.3Hz's from the output data from heartbeat waveform sensor Frequency.

In some instances, method farther includes: determines expection heart rate, and sets the height for filtering from expection heart rate Passband rate.

In some instances, wherein determine that expection heart rate includes analyzing the output data from motion detection sensor.

In some instances, wherein analyze the output data from motion detection sensor to include inferring User Activity water Flat.

In some instances, wherein analyze the output data from motion detection sensor to include detecting the strong of User Activity Degree or the type of User Activity.

In some instances, the type wherein detecting User Activity includes that detection is run, walks, stands, is seated or lain down.

In some instances, the intensity wherein detecting User Activity includes that detection is run or walking.

In some instances, method farther includes: determining the HRrest of user, wherein filtering removes and is approximately less than user The frequency of the frequency of heart rate.

In some instances, wherein determine the HRrest of user be included in its be waken up and the most static after the most just Measure user¹Heart rate.

In some instances, wherein determine that the HRrest of user is included in the user of measurement user when user sleeps average Heart rate.

In some instances, wherein determine that the HRrest of user is included in when user awakens and be static and carry out user's heart rate Multiple measurements.

Subject application further provides for a kind of use and includes that the biometric monitoring arrangement of wearing of multiple sensor determines use The method of family heart rate, the plurality of sensor comprises heartbeat waveform sensor and motion detection sensor, and described method includes: A () collects the concurrent output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor and the output number from described motion detection sensor According to, wherein the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor provide the information of the heart rate about described user, and its In provide about the periodicity of the described user in addition to heart beating from the described output data of described motion detection sensor The information that health moves；B () determines the cyclical component of the described output data from described motion detection sensor；(c) place Manage from the described output data of described heartbeat waveform sensor with from the described output number from described heartbeat waveform sensor According to removing described cyclical component；D () uses the described output data from described motion detection sensor to determine expection heart rate Scope；E described output data that () produces from (c) determine that the heart rate of described user, the wherein said heart rate determined exist In the range of described in expection heart rate；And (f) presents the heart rate of described user.

In some instances, wherein determine that the scope of expection heart rate includes: (i) is in the output from motion detection sensor Data instruction user determines the heart rate of user time the most static；(ii) week of the output data of always autokinesis detection sensor Phase property component determines level of activation and/or the Activity Type of user；And (iii) from the user's heart rate determined (i) and (ii) the User Activity level determined in and/or Activity Type determine the scope of expection heart rate.

In some instances, wherein expect that the minimum expected heart rate in the scope of heart rate is more than the user's determined in (i) Heart rate.

In some instances, wherein determine that the Activity Type of user includes the output data of always autokinesis detection sensor In the information inference Activity Type that contains or detection Activity Type manually type in selection.

In some instances, wherein determine that the scope of expection heart rate includes that always autokinesis detects the output data of sensor Determine the cadence of user.

In some instances, wherein determine that the heart rate of user includes calculating the spectral density of the output data produced in (c).

Subject application further provides for a kind of use and includes that the biometric monitoring arrangement of wearing of multiple sensor determines use The method of family heart rate, the plurality of sensor comprises heartbeat waveform sensor and motion detection sensor, and described method includes: A () collects the concurrent output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor and the output number from described motion detection sensor According to, wherein the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor provide the information of the heart rate about described user, and its In provide about the periodicity of the described user in addition to heart beating from the described output data of described motion detection sensor The information that health moves；B () determines the cyclical component of the described output data from described motion detection sensor；(c) root Processing the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor according to cycle of operation, wherein said process includes from from described The described output data of heartbeat waveform sensor remove described cyclical component；D () determines the heart rate of described user；And (e) Present the heart rate of described user.

In some instances, wherein cycle of operation includes for obtaining the collection output data from heartbeat waveform sensor And determine the operational phase of about 5 to 15 seconds of heart rate of user, followed by the inertia stage.

In some instances, wherein the continuously active stage separates about 1 to 10 minutes.

In some instances, wherein by receiving the user's input and triggered activity stage asking heart rate measurement.

In some instances, wherein in (a), period per minute in cycle of operation collected from the heart in about 5 to 15 seconds Jump the output data of model transducer and from the output data of motion detection sensor.

In some instances, method farther includes: detection user attempts to read heart rate；And temporarily stop cycle of operation.

In some instances, method farther includes: analyze low to infer from the output data of motion detection sensor Level of activation；And temporarily stop cycle of operation.

Subject application further provides for a kind of wearable body-building monitoring arrangement, comprising: motion sensor, it is configured to There is provided corresponding to the output wearing the motion that the user of described body-building monitoring arrangement is carried out；Heartbeat waveform sensor；And bag Including the control logic of instruction, described instruction is used for: (a) collect the concurrent output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor and From the output data of described motion detection sensor, wherein the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor provide About the information of the heart rate of described user, and wherein described output data from described motion detection sensor provide about removing The information that the periodicity health of the described user outside heart beating moves；B () determines the institute from described motion detection sensor State the cyclical component of output data；C () uses the described cycle of the described output data from described motion detection sensor Property component remove corresponding cyclical component from the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor；D () determines described use The heart rate at family；And (e) presents the heart rate of described user.

In some instances, wherein heartbeat waveform sensor is photoelectricity volume map sensor, and it includes (i) periodically light Source, (ii) be located to receive after the skin with user is alternately the photodetector of the periodicity light launched by light source and (iii) circuit of the heart rate of user is determined from the output of photodetector.

In some instances, wherein photoelectricity volume map sensor includes across the periodically light source of two on the photo-detector.

In some instances, wherein photoelectricity volume map sensor farther includes to have the dimple being mounted with photodetector Shell.

In some instances, wherein the shell of photoelectricity volume map sensor farther includes to be mounted with the of periodically light source Two dimples.

In some instances, its housing monitors in the wearable body-building being arranged to extrude the skin of user when wearing Prominent at least about 1mm on the surface of base of device.

In some instances, wherein photoelectricity volume map sensor farther includes to be configured to prominent shell extruding user Skin time opposing compression spring.

In some instances, wherein photoelectricity volume map sensor further includes on photodetector and periodicity light source IML film.

In some instances, wherein periodically light source is LED.

In some instances, wherein control logic to farther include for from from described in described heartbeat waveform sensor Output data remove the instruction of the harmonic wave of described corresponding cyclical component.

In some instances, wherein for removing corresponding week from the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor The instruction of phase property component includes for sef-adapting filter is applied to the described output number from described heartbeat waveform sensor According to and the instruction of described output data from described motion detection sensor.

In some instances, wherein for removing corresponding week from the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor The instruction of phase property component includes described defeated for sef-adapting filter function be applied to from described motion detection sensor Go out the instruction of data, described sef-adapting filter function minimize from described heartbeat waveform sensor described output data with Difference between the described output data of motion detection sensor.

In some instances, wherein control logic and farther include the instruction for carrying out following operation: determine user's Level of activation and/or Activity Type；And level of activation of based on user and/or Activity Type determine the parameter of function.

In some instances, wherein control logic and farther include the instruction for carrying out following operation: analyze from fortune The output data of dynamic detection sensor are the most static to infer user；And temporarily hang up (c).

Under some examples, wherein for from heartbeat waveform sensor collection output data instruction include for carry out with The instruction of lower operation: make the light source in wearable biometric monitoring arrangement pulse at the first frequency；And at the first frequency Detect the light from light source.

Under some examples, wherein the instruction for making light source pulse at the first frequency includes for launching substantially permanent The instruction of a series of light pulses of fixed intensity.

Under some examples, wherein the instruction of the heart rate for presenting user includes for monitoring at wearable biometric The instruction of heart rate is presented on device.

Under some examples, wherein the instruction of the heart rate for presenting user includes for supervising with wearable biometric The instruction of heart rate is presented on the external device (ED) that view apparatus periodically communicates.

Subject application further provides for a kind of wearable body-building monitoring arrangement, comprising: motion sensor, it is configured to There is provided corresponding to the output wearing the motion that the user of described body-building monitoring arrangement is carried out；Heartbeat waveform sensor；And bag Including the control logic of instruction, described instruction is used for: (a) collect the concurrent output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor and From the output data of described motion detection sensor, wherein the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor provide About the information of the heart rate of described user, and wherein described output data from described motion detection sensor provide about removing The information that the periodicity health of the described user outside heart beating moves；B () determines the institute from described motion detection sensor State the cyclical component of output data；C described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor are filtered moving by () Except the change slower relative to expection heart rate, wherein said filtering produces defeated from the high-pass filtering of described heartbeat waveform sensor Go out data；D () determines the heart rate of described user；And (e) presents the heart rate of described user.

In some instances, wherein periodically light source is LED.

In some instances, wherein control logic to farther include for using the institute from described motion detection sensor State the described cyclical component of output data from right from removing through high-pass filtering output data of described heartbeat waveform sensor Answer the instruction of cyclical component.

In some instances, the instruction being wherein used for filtering includes for from the output data from heartbeat waveform sensor Remove the instruction of the frequency of less than about 0.6Hz.

In some instances, the instruction being wherein used for filtering includes for from the output data from heartbeat waveform sensor Remove the instruction of the frequency of less than about 0.3Hz.

In some instances, wherein control logic to farther include for determining expection heart rate and to set use from expection heart rate Instruction in the high-pass equipment of filtering.

In some instances, wherein for determining that the instruction of expection heart rate includes for analyzing from motion detection sensor The instruction of output data.

In some instances, wherein include for pushing away from the instruction of the output data of motion detection sensor for analysis The instruction of disconnected User Activity level.

In some instances, wherein include for examining from the instruction of the output data of motion detection sensor for analysis Survey the intensity of User Activity or the instruction of the type of User Activity.

In some instances, wherein instruction for the type that detects User Activity includes for detecting running, walking, stand The instruction stood, be seated or lie down.

In some instances, wherein instruction for the intensity that detects User Activity includes running or walking for detecting Instruction.

In some instances, wherein control logic and farther include the instruction of the HRrest for determining user, and its In include the instruction of frequency of frequency for removing the heart rate being approximately less than user for the instruction of filtering.

In some instances, wherein for determining that the instruction of the HRrest of user includes for being waken up at it and still existing On bed static after just measure user¹The instruction of heart rate.

In some instances, wherein for determining that the instruction of the HRrest of user includes for measuring when user sleeps The instruction of user's average heart rate of user.

In some instances, wherein for determining that the instruction of the HRrest of user includes for awakening and static user The instruction of multiple measurements of Shi Jinhang user's heart rate.

Subject application further provides for a kind of wearable body-building monitoring arrangement, comprising: motion sensor, it is configured to There is provided corresponding to the output wearing the motion that the user of described body-building monitoring arrangement is carried out；Heartbeat waveform sensor；And bag Including the control logic of instruction, described instruction is used for: (a) collect the concurrent output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor and From the output data of described motion detection sensor, wherein the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor provide About the information of the heart rate of described user, and wherein described output data from described motion detection sensor provide about removing The information that the periodicity health of the described user outside heart beating moves；B () determines the institute from described motion detection sensor State the cyclical component of output data；C () processes from the described output data of described heartbeat waveform sensor with from from institute The described output data stating heartbeat waveform sensor remove described cyclical component；D () uses from described motion detection sensing The described output data of device determine the scope of expection heart rate；E described output data that () produces from (c) determine described user's Heart rate, the wherein said heart rate determined be present in expection heart rate described in the range of；And (f) presents the heart rate of described user.

In some instances, wherein periodically light source is LED.

In some instances, wherein for determining that the instruction of the scope of expection heart rate includes the finger for carrying out following operation Order: (i) from the output data instruction user of motion detection sensor the most static time determine the heart rate of user；(ii) from Cyclical component from the output data of motion detection sensor determines level of activation and/or the Activity Type of user；And (iii) expection is determined from the user's heart rate determined (i) and the User Activity level and/or the Activity Type that determine in (ii) The scope of heart rate.

In some instances, wherein for determining that the instruction of the Activity Type of user includes for always autokinesis detection biography The information inference Activity Type contained in the output data of sensor or the instruction manually typing in selection of detection Activity Type.

In some instances, wherein for determining that the instruction of the scope of expection heart rate includes for always autokinesis detection biography The output data of sensor determine the instruction of the cadence of user.

In some instances, wherein for determining that the instruction of the heart rate of user includes for calculating the output produced in (c) The instruction of the spectral density of data.

Subject application further provides for a kind of wearable body-building monitoring arrangement, comprising: motion sensor, it is configured to There is provided corresponding to the output wearing the motion that the user of described body-building monitoring arrangement is carried out；Heartbeat waveform sensor；And bag Including the control logic of instruction, described instruction is used for: (a) collect the concurrent output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor and From the output data of described motion detection sensor, wherein the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor provide About the information of the heart rate of described user, and wherein described output data from described motion detection sensor provide about removing The information that the periodicity health of the described user outside heart beating moves；B () determines the institute from described motion detection sensor State the cyclical component of output data；C () processes the described output number from described heartbeat waveform sensor according to cycle of operation According to, wherein said process includes removing described cyclical component from the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor； D () determines the heart rate of described user；And (e) presents the heart rate of described user.

In some instances, wherein periodically light source is LED.

In some instances, wherein control logic to farther include for the user's input by receiving request heart rate measurement The instruction in triggered activity stage.

In some instances, wherein control logic to farther include for period per minute in cycle of operation in (a) The output data from heartbeat waveform sensor and the output data from motion detection sensor are collected in about 5 to 15 seconds Instruction.

In some instances, wherein control logic and include the instruction for carrying out following operation: detection user attempts Read heart rate；And temporarily stop cycle of operation.

In some instances, wherein control logic and include the instruction for carrying out following operation: analyze autokinesis detection The output data of sensor are to infer low level of activation；And temporarily stop cycle of operation.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 illustrates to realize the example portable monitoring device mutual via the user of user interface.

Fig. 2 A explanation can be fastened to the example portable monitoring device of user via using belt.

Fig. 2 B provides the view of the example portable monitoring device of Fig. 2 A, and it shows the portion towards skin of described device Point.

Fig. 2 C provides the cross-sectional view of the portable monitoring device of Fig. 2 A.

Fig. 3 A provides the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of example portable monitoring device.

Fig. 3 B describes the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of example portable monitoring device；This projection is similar to institute in Fig. 3 A The projection presented, simply light source and photoelectric detector are placed on the smooth and/or PCB of hard.

Fig. 3 C provides another cross-sectional view of example PPG Sensor Implementation.

Fig. 4 A one potential PPG light source of explanation and the example of photoelectric detector geometry.

Fig. 4 B and 4C explanation has the example of the PPG sensor of photoelectric detector and two LED light sources.

Fig. 5 illustrates the example having bossed optimized PPG detector, and described projection has curved side in order to avoid making user Do not feel well.

Fig. 6 A explanation has the example of the portable monitoring device of belt；Optical pickocff and optical transmitting set can be placed in institute State on belt.

Fig. 6 B explanation has the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of display and wrist strap.Additionally, optics PPG (such as, heart rate) detection sensor and/or emitter can be located on the side of biometric monitoring arrangement.An embodiment In, these each can be located in the peace formula button of side.

Fig. 7 describes user and presses the side of portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement to pacify formula optics heart rate detection from side Sensor carries out heart rate measurement.The display of biometric monitoring arrangement can show whether have detected that heart rate and/or display are used The heart rate at family.

Fig. 8 illustrated example biometric monitoring arrangement intelligent alarm feature functional.

Fig. 9 illustrates that the mobile degree experienced based on biometric monitoring arrangement changes the mode of its detection user's heart rate Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement example.

Figure 10 illustrates to have on it example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of bicycle application program, described voluntarily Car application program can show bicycle speed and/or the step of pedal and other tolerance.

The example block diagram of Figure 11 A explanation PPG sensor, described PPG sensor has light source, photodetector, ADC, process Device, DAC/GPIO, and the intensity of light source and ON/OFF control.

Figure 11 B explanation is similar to the example block diagram of the PPG sensor of the PPG sensor of Figure 11 A, described PPG sensor volume Outer use sampling and holding circuit and analogue signal regulate.

Figure 11 C explanation is similar to the example block diagram of the PPG sensor of the PPG sensor of Figure 11 A, described PPG sensor volume Outer use samples and holding circuit.

Figure 11 D explanation has multiple switchable light source and detector, the intensity of light source/switch control and circuit for signal conditioning The example block diagram of PPG sensor.

Figure 11 E explanation uses the example block diagram of the PPG sensor of synchronous detecting.For performing the PPG detection of this type, its tool There is demodulator.

The example block diagram of Figure 11 F explanation PPG sensor, described PPG sensor is except the feature of the sensor of explanation in Figure 11 A Outside also there is difference amplifier.

The example block diagram of Figure 11 G explanation PPG sensor, described PPG sensor has the PPG shown in Figure 11 A to KKF and passes The feature of sensor.

Figure 12 A explanation has heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor and is connected to processor Telecommunication circuit portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement example.

Figure 12 B explanation has heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor, position sensor, sea Pull out height sensor, skin electric conductivity/humidity sensor and be connected to processor telecommunication circuit portable biometric metering prison The example of view apparatus.

Figure 12 C explanation has biosensor, environmental sensor and is connected to position sensor portable of processor The example of biometric monitoring arrangement.

Figure 13 A explanation uses motor message and optics PPG signal to measure the example of heart rate.

Figure 13 B explanation uses motor message and optics PPG signal to measure another example of heart rate.

Figure 14 A explanation has the example of the sensor of the simulation connection to sensor processor.

Figure 14 B explanation has the example of the sensor of the simulation connection to sensor processor, described sensor processor There is again the numeral connection to application processor.

Figure 14 C explanation has the reality of the sensor device of the one or more sensors being connected to application processor Example.

Figure 14 D explanation has the example of the sensor device of the one or more sensors being connected to sensor processor, Described sensor processor is connected to application processor.

Figure 15 A explanation uses the example of the swimming detection algorithm of sequential algorithm flow process.

Figure 15 B explanation uses the example of the swimming detection algorithm of parallel algorithm flow process.

Figure 15 C illustrates the example of use order and the swimming detection algorithm of the mixing of parallel algorithm flow process.

Figure 15 D illustrates the example of use order and the swimming detection algorithm of the mixing of parallel algorithm flow process.

Figure 16 A explanation can be used for the sampling of PPG sensing and the example signal of holding circuit and difference/instrument amplifier Figure.

Figure 16 B explanation " biases " in the precompensation of transimpedance amplifier for the use controlled current source of PPG sensor The example schematic of the circuit of electric current.

Figure 16 C explanation is used for being applied to photodiode (across resistance for use sampling and the holding circuit of PPG sensor Before anti-amplifier) the example schematic of circuit of current feedback.

Figure 16 D illustrates that having ambient light for the use of PPG sensor eliminates the electricity of functional difference/instrument amplifier The example schematic on road.

Figure 16 E explanation compensates the circuit of the electric current dynamically produced by DAC for the photodiode that uses of PPG sensor Example schematic.

Figure 16 F explanation compensates, for the photodiode that uses of PPG sensor, the electricity dynamically produced by controlled voltage source The example schematic of the circuit of stream.

Figure 16 G explanation removes functional for the ambient light comprising use " switched capacitor " method of PPG sensor The example schematic of circuit.

Figure 16 H explanation for PPG sensor use photodiode compensate produced by constant current source electric current (this also Constant voltage source and resistor can be used to complete) the example schematic of circuit.

Figure 16 I explanation removes differencing between functional and continuous sample for the ambient light that comprises of PPG sensor The example schematic of circuit.

Figure 16 J explanation removes for ambient light and the example schematic of circuit of differencing between continuous sample.

Figure 17 present according to some embodiment for the signal processing applying motion compensation to heartbeat waveform signal is patrolled The block diagram collected.

Figure 18 presents the example of the frequency domain heartbeat waveform sensor signal standing twice adaptive-filtering.The top half of figure Show non-filtered signal, and the latter half is illustrated in the same signal after twice adaptive-filtering.

Figure 19 presents the curve chart of the typical heart rate for different user Activity Type.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention be directed to biometric monitoring arrangement (its herein and be herein incorporated by reference any with reference to case In be also referred to as " biometric tracking device ", " personal health monitoring arrangement ", " portable monitoring device ", " portable biometric Metering monitoring arrangement ", " biometric monitoring arrangement ", etc.), it may be generally described as wearable device, is generally of little Size, is designed to relatively continuously be worn by people.When wearing, these a little biometric monitoring arrangements are collected about wearer Performed activity or the data of the physiological status of wearer.These data can comprise the surrounding or pendant represented around wearer The mutual data of wearer and environment, such as, about the exercise data of movement of wearer, ambient light, environment noise, air matter Amount, etc., and the physiological data obtained by measuring the various physiological propertys of wearer, such as heart rate, level of perspiration, etc..

As mentioned above, biometric monitoring arrangement is usually the least so that wearer is inconspicuous in size. Fitbit provides the least and the lightest several biometric monitoring arrangement, and such as, Fitbit Flex is a kind of Wrist strap, it has insertable biometric monitoring arrangement, takes advantage of 1.3 inches long to take advantage of 0.25 inch for its about 0.5 inch wide.Biological Metering monitoring arrangement is generally designed to wear in the case of not having sense of discomfort long time period, and does not disturb normal Daily routines.

In some cases, biometric monitoring arrangement may utilize at other device outside biometric monitoring arrangement, Such as, the outside heart rate monitor in the EKG forms of sensor on pectoral girdle may be used to obtain in heart rate data, or smart phone Gps receiver may be used to obtain position data.In some cases, biometric monitoring arrangement can use wired or wireless communication Connect and these communication with external apparatus.Disclosed herein and discuss concept can be applicable to independent biochemical metering monitoring arrangement with And the sensor that is provided in external device (ED) or functional (such as, external sensor, the sensor that provided by smart phone are provided Or functional, etc.) both biometric monitoring arrangements.

In general, concept discussed herein may be implemented in independent biochemical metering monitoring arrangement and (in due course) profit With in the biometric monitoring arrangement of external device (ED).

Although should be understood that concept contained herein and discussion be in the context of biometric monitoring arrangement in Existing, if but suitably hardware can use, then these concepts are also equally applicable in other context.For example, many existing The motion sensors such as the such as accelerometer that is generally contained within biometric monitoring arrangement are comprised for smart phone, and if suitable In hardware can be used for device, then concept discussed herein may be implemented in this device.In effect, this can regard as intelligence The biometric monitoring arrangement of a certain form can be changed into (but for more than canonical biometric metering monitoring arrangement and may not be with by phone The biometric monitoring arrangement that same way is worn).These a little embodiments are it will be also be appreciated that be within the scope of the invention.

Discussed herein functional several distinct methods are used to provide.For example, in some embodiments, Processor can be controlled by the computer executable instructions stored in memory to provide the most functional.At it In its embodiment, this is functional can provide with the form of circuit.In other embodiment again, this functional can be by being deposited At one or more of storage computer executable instructions control in the memorizer coupled with one or more custom-designed circuit Reason device provides.May be used to implement the various examples of the hardware of concept outlined herein including but not limited to special IC (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), and with storage for controlling the storage of executable instruction of general purpose microprocessor The general purpose microprocessor of device coupling.

Independent biochemical metering monitoring arrangement can provide with several form factors, and can wear in many ways through design Wear.In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be designed to can be plugged in a wearable housing or can be inserted into In multiple different wearable housings, such as, wrist strap housing, band pod body (belt-clip case), suspension member housing, through joining Put to be attached to the housing of exercise devices such as such as bicycle, etc..These a little embodiments are described in greater detail in such as In 14/029th, No. 764 U.S. patent application case filed in JIUYUE in 2013 17 days, described U.S. patent application case is for this purpose Hereby it is herein incorporated by reference.In other embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be designed only in one way Wear, such as, can the set wrist being only worn on people with the biometric monitoring arrangement that non-removable mode is integrated in wrist strap On (or possible ankle).

According to embodiment as herein described and embodiment portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can have be suitable to coupling Health or the form and dimension of clothes to (such as, be fastened to, wear, be supported by, etc.) user.Portable biometric metering monitors The example of device is showed in Fig. 1；Described example portable monitoring device can have user interface, processor, biometric biography Sensor, memorizer, environmental sensor and/or can be with client and/or the wireless transceiver of server communication.Weared on wrist type is just The example taking formula biometric monitoring arrangement is showed in Fig. 2 A to 2C.This device can have display, button, electronic device envelope Dress, and/or attachment strip.Attachment strip via using shackle (such as, Velcro), buckle and/or can have the storage for its shape The belt of device (such as, via using spring metal band) and be fastened to user.In fig. 2b, it can be seen that be used for coordinating charger And/or data launch the sensor projection of cable and recess.In fig. 2 c, the cross section through electron device package is shown.Value It is to be noted that sensor projection, main PCB plate, and display.

Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can collect one or more type from embedded type sensor and/or external device (ED) Physiology and/or environmental data, and this information is passed on or is relayed to other device and (comprise and potentially act as the number of accessible the Internet Device according to source), thus permit such as using web browser or network application program to inspect collected data. For example, when user adorns oneself with biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric monitoring arrangement can use one or more biometer Quantity sensor calculates and stores the step number of user.Biometric monitoring arrangement can then would indicate that the data of the step number of user are launched Account on network service (such as, www.fitbit.com), computer, mobile phone, or wherein can store, process and by User observes the health station of data.It practice, biometric monitoring arrangement in addition to the step number of user or replace user step number Also can measure or calculate other physiological measurements multiple.These physiological measurements are including but not limited to energy expenditure, and such as, calorie fires Burning value, the number of floor levels climbed up and/or climb down, heart rate, changes in heart rate, heart rate recover, position and/or trend (such as via GPS, GLONASS or similar system), rise, speed of walking about and/or travel distance, swimming one way counting, stroke type and detect Counting, bicycle distance and/or speed, blood pressure, blood glucose, skin conductance, skin and/or body temp, via electromyography The muscular states measured, the cerebral activity measured by electroencephalography, body weight, body fat, calorie are taken in, from food Nutrition intake, medicine take in, sleep cycle, such as clock time, Sleep stages, sleep quality and/or persistent period, pH value Level, hydration level, breathing rate, and other physiological measurements.Biometric monitoring arrangement can also measure or calculate with The tolerance that environment around user is relevant, such as atmospheric pressure, weather condition (such as, temperature, humidity, pollen count, air matter Amount, rain/ice-lolly part, wind speed), light expose (such as, ambient light, UV light expose, time of spending in the dark and/or lasting time Between), post noise exposure, radioactive exposure, and magnetic field.Additionally, collect the biometric supervision of data stream from biometric monitoring arrangement Device or system can calculate the tolerance derived from these data.For example, device or system can pass via changes in heart rate, skin Lead, the combination of noise pollution and sleep quality to be to calculate anxiety and/or the relaxation level of user.In another example, device or System can be taken in via medicine, the combination of dormant data and/or activity data determines effect of medical intervention (such as medicine). In a further example, biometric monitoring arrangement or system can be taken in via pollen data, medicine, sleep and/or activity data Combination determine effect of allergic drug.There is provided these examples only for explanation, and be not intended to as restrictive or detailed 's.The further embodiment of sensor device and embodiment are found in " portable life entitled filed in 8 days June in 2011 Thing metering monitoring arrangement and operational approach (Portable Biometric Monitoring Devices and Methods thereof Of Operating Same) " U.S. patent application case 13/156,304 and on August in 2012 6 filed in entitled The U.S. patent application case 61/680 of " Fitbit tracker (Fitbit Tracker) ", in 230, described U.S. patent application case Both full text is incorporated herein by reference hereby.

Biosensor

Biometric monitoring arrangement discussed herein can use one, some or all of with lower sensor to obtain physiology Data, including but not limited to the physiological data of general introduction in following table.Biosensor and/or all combinations of physiological data and arrangement Set fall within the scope of the present invention.Biometric monitoring arrangement can be including but not limited to identified below for obtaining corresponding physiology One of data, the type of some or all of sensor；It practice, other type of sensor can also or alternatively be used to obtain Take corresponding physiological data, and this little other type of sensors are the most set falls within the scope of the present invention.Additionally, biometric prison View apparatus can derive physiological data, the life can derived including but not limited to it from described sensor from respective sensor output data The number of reason data or type.

In an example embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff to detect, sense, to sample And/or generation may be used to determine the data of the information of the anxiety (or its level), blood pressure and/or the heart rate that represent such as user. (see, such as Fig. 2 A to 3C and 11A to KKG).At this in a little embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff, It has one or more light source (LED, laser, etc.) to send or to export the light health to user, and photodetector (photoelectricity two Pole pipe, optotransistor, etc.) to sample, to measure and/or detect the response from user's body of this light or reflection and to provide in order to determine Represent the number of the data of the anxiety (or its level) of user, blood pressure and/or heart rate (such as, such as by using photoelectricity volume diagram) According to.

In an example embodiment, the heart rate measurement of user (or can be connected to it by by one or more sensor Process circuit) criterion that determines and trigger.For example, when indicating static from the data of motion sensor or there is few fortune During the cycle moved, biometric monitoring arrangement can trigger, obtain and/or obtain heart rate measurement or data.(see, such as Fig. 9,12A And 12B).

The photocapacitance on light source (such as, LED) and corresponding photodetector (such as, photodiode) record health can be used Long-pending (PPG) signal.In the case of each cardiac cycle, blood pump is delivered to periphery by heart.Even if this pressure pulse arrives at it Reaching the when of skin the most impaired, it still be enough to tremulous pulse and the small artery expanding in subcutaneous tissue.By for self-luminous two grades The illumination pearlite layer skin of pipe (LED) and then measure and launch or reflex to the light quantity of photodiode and detect and drawn by pressure pulse The change of the volume risen.

In certain embodiments, PPG or other technology are in order to measure heartbeat waveform." heartbeat waveform " typically refers to by user Heart beating drives blood flowing to cause or drives the change of signal of the blood relevant any measurement of flowing to user's heart beating.At some In embodiment, the signal of measurement is relevant with by the blood circulation caused via the heart of blood circulation pump blood, described blood Circulation causes the cardiovascular of capillary tube volume or other parameter to drive change.In certain embodiments, by photoelectricity volume diagram (PPG) Measure heartbeat waveform.At this in a little embodiments, the blood volume change in heartbeat waveform reflection capillary tube, its heart beating with user and Pulse (the tremulous pulse palpation caused by heart beating) is correlated with.In certain embodiments, the signal of measurement and heart or ECG signal Musculation is relevant.In certain embodiments, heart beat activity or signal can be measured to obtain heartbeat waveform by ECG.Heartbeat waveform Representing the information for one or more cardiac cycle, described information corresponding to producing the complete of the beginning of heart beating next time from it Heart beating.The frequency of cardiac cycle is described by heart rate, and heart rate is typically expressed as number of beating per minute.Heartbeat waveform generally comprise about The information in the various stages of heart beating, the such as amplitude of waveform, frequency and/or the shape in one or more circulates.Real in many Executing in example, heartbeat waveform is in order to obtain the heart rate of user.

Therefore this PPG signal may be used to estimate the heart rate of user.PPG reflection is owing to the deep change of the blood volume of heart beating And owing to the deep tissue of object motion and the combination of the change of the optical property of device skin interface.Generally, people's heart rate Estimate at scope 40 to 240 number (bpm) of beating per minute.

In one embodiment, when motion sensor instruction User Activity or motion (such as, for trigger, obtain and/or Obtain required heart rate measurement or data (such as, in order to determine the data of the resting heart rate of user) are improper or and the fortune of non-optimal Dynamic) time, it is placed in order to the biometric monitoring arrangement and/or sensor obtaining and/or obtaining required heart rate measurement or data Or be held in low power state.Because the heart rate measurement during movement carried out may the most reliable and possible passive movement illusion Destroy, thus when biometric monitoring arrangement at the volley time, it may be necessary to reduce collect heart rate data sample frequency (thus Reduce power to use).

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use the data of instruction User Activity or motion (such as, to come From one or more motion sensor) adjust or revise triggering, obtain and/or obtain the characteristic of required heart rate measurement or data (such as, to improve the robustness to motion artifact).For example, if biometric monitoring arrangement receives instruction user and lives Data that are dynamic or that move, then biometric monitoring arrangement adjustable or the sampling of the amendment sensor in order to obtain heart rate data (such as, in the case of user movement amount exceedes a certain threshold value, biometric monitoring arrangement can increase for rate and/or resolution model Big sampling rate and/or the sampling resolution pattern of the increase sensor in order to obtain heart rate measurement or data).Additionally, biometer Amount monitoring arrangement can be in the period in these a little cycles (such as, user movement amount exceedes the cycle of a certain threshold value) of User Activity or motion Adjust or revise sampling rate and/or the resolution model of motion sensor.In this way, determine when biometric monitoring arrangement or When this User Activity or motion being detected, motion sensor can be placed in higher sampling rate and/or relatively by biometric monitoring arrangement High sampling resolution pattern is such as to realize the adaptive-filtering more accurately of heart rate signal.(see, such as, Fig. 9).

Fig. 9 illustrates that the mobile degree experienced based on biometric monitoring arrangement changes the mode of its detection user's heart rate Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement example.The situation of motion (such as, via using accelerometer) detected wherein Under, user can be considered " movable " by biometric monitoring arrangement, and high sampling rate heart rate detection can occur to reduce heart rate Motion artifact in measurement.Can preserve and/or show this data.Determine that user does not moves (or phase at biometric monitoring arrangement To sitting) in the case of, low sampling rate heart rate detection (it does not consume so much power) for measure heart rate can be suitable and Thus can be used.

It should be noted that uses optical technology to come such as by using photoelectricity volume diagram to obtain at biometric monitoring arrangement In the case of taking heart rate measurement or data, motor message can be used to determine or set up and carry out data by heartbeat waveform sensor Obtain or measure (such as, synchronous detecting rather than non-amplitude modulation method) and/or its ad hoc approach analyzed or technology.(see, Such as Figure 11 E).In this way, the data of instruction user movement or activity can cause biometric monitoring arrangement to be set up or adjust The whole data acquisition used by one or more optics heartbeat waveform sensor or the type of measurement or technology.

For example, in one embodiment, detect when motion detector circuit or determine biometric monitoring arrangement The motion of wearer is less than (such as, if biometric monitoring arrangement determines user's sitting or sleeping) during threshold value, biometric Monitoring arrangement (or heart rate measurement technology as herein disclosed) adjustable and/or the sampling rate of reduction optics heart rate sampling. (see, such as, Fig. 9).In this way, biometric monitoring arrangement can control its power consumption.For example, biometric monitors Device can by reduce sensor sampling rate and reduce power consumption, such as, biometric monitoring arrangement can every 10 minutes once Or every 1 minute 10 seconds Di heart rate is sampled (via heartbeat waveform sensor).It should be noted that additionally or alternati, Biometric monitoring arrangement can control via controlling data processing circuit analysis and/or data analysis technique according to motion detection Power consumption.Thus, user motion may affect heart rate data get parms and/or data analysis or its process.

Motion artifact suppression in heartbeat waveform sensor

As discussed above, can improve by using one or more algorithm and surveyed by PPG sensor removing motion artifact The original heartbeat waveform signal of amount.In certain embodiments, use and accurately measure the fortune of user from the data of motion sensor Dynamic, and use sef-adapting filter to remove motion artifact when the motion of user is periodic from heart rate signal.Can use The movement (being used for determining motion artifact) of sensor measurement user, described sensor including but not limited to accelerometer, gyroscope, Proximity detector, magnetometer, etc..The target of these a little algorithms is to use the mobile letter from as other sensor capture instructed Number remove the component (mobile illusion) being attributable to movement of PPG signal.In one embodiment, adaptive-filtering can be used Device moves based on hybrid card Thalmann filter (Kalman filter) and least-mean-square filter or recursive least-squares wave filter Except the mobile illusion in PPG signal.Can be then used by peak counting algorithm or power spectral density algorithm for estimating from cleaning/filtered Signal extraction heart rate or the further feature of heartbeat waveform.Or, Kalman filter or particle filter can be used to remove this A little mobile illusions.

The other method that may be used to calculate heart rate frequency is to be Y=Y by heart rate signal model creation_dc+∑a_k*cos kθ+ b_k* sin k θ, wherein k is the exponent number of harmonic component, and θ is the model parameter for heart rate.This model can be then used by extension Kalman filter or particle filter and be fitted to signal.This model exploits the fact that signal non-sinusoidal, therefore exists Primary harmonic and multiple extra both harmonic waves place are containing power.

Or, can be Y=Y by signal modeling_dc+∑a_k*sin(k*w_motiont+θ)+∑b_k*sin(k*w_HRT+ φ), wherein w_motionDirectly estimate from accelerometer signal (or another motion sensor signal).

Various technology can be used to improve motion compensation.Some in these a little technology are presented in following sub-chapters and sections.

High bandpass filter

PPG signal tend to have owing in addition to heart beating reason (such as, breathe, in blood to measurement zone or Leave the movement of measurement zone, change the user movement of orientation of monitoring arrangement) slow change.Before application self-adapting wave filter By PPG signal is carried out high-pass filtering remove these slowly conversion can improve the performance of sef-adapting filter.Therefore, some is real Example offer is provided and is placed in the high pass filter before sef-adapting filter.See Figure 17.In some embodiments, high pass filter Cut-off frequency location, highland as far as possible, but the most intended minimal heart rate (typical case being applied, it is about 40bpm), because of This HPF Cutoff can be placed in the somewhere between about 0.3Hz and 0.6Hz.

In some embodiments, the HRrest of the chosen previously detection being about user of high pass cut off frequency, institute State HRrest to be determined by multiple technologies.These situations comprise at least scenario described below.(1) it is waken up at her and is still still in bed User was measured at once time upper¹Heart rate.As described elsewhere, biometric monitoring arrangement can use other algorithm automatically to detect When user falls asleep/awakens.(2) average heart rate of user is measured when user is in sleep.As an example, the HRrest of user The equation that can use such as quiet HR=sleep HR/0.83 calculates from sleep heart rate.(3) use is measured when user awakens and be static The heart rate at family.Carrying out in the daytime several times, these measure and calculate N percentage ratio (such as, the N=of minimum measurement during these are measured 10 or 5 or 2) good approximation of HRrest is provided.Approximate during whole day activity HRrest method can further in order to Calculate the user of various location¹HRrest.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can calculate at home and in work In the HRrest of user 1.In addition to promoting the use in high pass filter, this information can be shown with the passing of time It is in and works the trend in HRrest.

Can detection based on user level of activation set high bandpass filter frequency.At this in a little embodiments, minimum pre- Phase heart rate is different based on activity；The most most of users will have the heart rate of greater than about 50bpm when walking or running.Cause This, in certain embodiments, PPG processes logic by using such as inertial sensor (such as, accelerometer) to infer the work of user Dynamically adjust the frequency cutoff of high pass filter.Along with the increase of the level of activation of user, as by motion interpretation logic Infer, can correspondingly adjust upward HPF Cutoff.In certain embodiments, determine that user participates in walking when process logic Time, its cadence with user, the height above sea level etc. climbed proportionally increase HPF Cutoff.The example on this basis adjusted a bit Can be seen, as shown in Figure 19 by the change of the heart rate of the normal users run and between walking.

Create spectrogram heart rate monitor output (time domain-> frequency domain)

At the appropriate time of signal processing, processing logic and time-domain signal is converted into frequency-region signal, it is represented by frequency To the time.Figure 18 presents the example of frequency-region signal.Fast fourier transform can be used to perform conversion although processing logic, but other Technology can be suitable.Example comprises wavelet transformation and cepstrum conversion.

Movement compensation process

Heartbeat waveform analyzes logic can follow the tracks of the motion of user, as detected by device, and application self-adapting filter with Remove from heart rate signal when the motion of user is periodic or reduce motion artifact.In certain embodiments, use accelerometer, Motion artifact measured by gyroscope or accelerometer and gyroscope.

In certain embodiments, sef-adapting filter is applied to heartbeat waveform data doublely.In other words, A time sef-adapting filter is output as the input of second time sef-adapting filter.Although usually necessary, but logic can Run sef-adapting filter more than twice.Can use the method to remove both fundamental frequency and the higher harmonics of motion artifact, as made Measured by such as accelerometer.

When first pass, wave filter generally removes the fundamental frequency of motion artifact, and when second time, it removes second harmonic (or other lower-wattage harmonic wave).For example, user can walk with the nominal rate of 1Hz with in heartbeat waveform sensor signal Middle generation about 1Hz motion artifact.First pass sef-adapting filter can be removed this illusion, but is not that it is nominally the first of 2Hz Harmonic wave, it may interfere with the process of heartbeat waveform signal.Make " cleaning " heartbeat waveform signal second time can through sef-adapting filter Remove the second harmonic of motion artifact with further clean signal.In some embodiments, it is not necessary to clean further, because Higher harmonics have lower-wattage compared with heart rate signal and/or are in the frequency away from heart rate signal.

Figure 18 presents the example of the frequency domain heartbeat waveform sensor signal standing twice adaptive-filtering.The top half of figure Show non-filtered signal, and the latter half is illustrated in the same signal after twice adaptive-filtering.It should be noted that and remove ratio very The motion artifact of both frequencies that positive heart rate signal is high and low.

Identify heartbeat waveform track

Heartbeat waveform track is the reality in units of frequency versus time of treated heartbeat waveform sensor output data The trace of continuity point (have few or do not have jump discontinuity) in matter.The power that the point of trace can have relative constancy is close Degree.

In certain embodiments, after using sef-adapting filter to remove motion artifact, the power spectrum of signal calculated Density.The peak value with crest amplitude may be selected to be the most possible estimation of Current heart rate.Or, such as dynamic programming or many mesh The technology that mark is followed the tracks of may be used to estimate spectrum in the case of there is other track caused owing to motion and higher harmonics thereof Heart rate ' track ' in figure.In all methods, one or many person in some technology can be implemented to improve performance:

1. the intended minimum heart rate of user is relevant with cadence or other step measurement the user walked or run.Logical Crossing the cadence using such as accelerometer to measure user, heart rate monitor can set the lowest limit of the expection heart rate about user. This is in order to remove the many motion artifact correlation peaks generally occurred in stability at lower frequencies.Similar techniques can be applied to other use The speed (such as, stroke, bicycle trample step and the speed of other activity described herein) that family is movable.

2. the intended minimum heart rate of the user of bike riding is relevant with the speed of user's bike riding and the gradient.Walked by use Adjust sensor, GPS or other velocity measurement sensor measuring speed, and use altimeter, GPS or other elevation carrection sensor Measuring the gradient, heart rate monitor can set the relatively lower limit of the expection heart rate about user.This is in order to remove generally at relatively low frequency The many motion artifact occurred at rate.

3. about expection heart rate different characteristic during relatively lower limit is also based on accelerometer's signals (as general power, one or Power etc. in the standard deviation of multiple axles, special frequency band) calculate.Higher total accelerometer power or one or more axle higher Standard deviation generally causes the people of the aggravating activities of higher heart rate relevant with participation.

4. walking, run or the minimum heart rate of user of bike riding maintains static heart rate also above user.This is fixing not Aroused in interest rate can calculate when user is static or when he or she sleeps, and is used as the relatively lower limit about heart rate (individually Or additional another mechanism (such as, the intended minimal heart rate of the current active mode of user) for determining relatively lower limit).

5. the activity pattern (such as walking, running and bike riding) of user can use other sensor on device (such as inertia Sensor) automatically calculate, or manually can be keyed in by user.

Determine the quality that heart rate is estimated

In certain embodiments, signal processing logic is by measuring at the output of heart beating trace compared with background power The value of power spectrum density, calculates the quality that heart rate is estimated.This monitor then can provide this to user as feedback.Instead Feedback can take various forms.In an example, it presents about the confidence level that may believe that degree that heart rate is estimated.Real at another In example, it provides the instruction of the generation for improving following heart rate measurement.For example, its can present about user the need of On health, the storing of adjusting apparatus and compactness are to reach the information of better signal.The discussion of Figure 17 presents other details.

The example architecture of the motion compensation in heartbeat waveform sensor

Figure 17 presents multi-motion and compensates the example architecture (and the process streams being associated) of heartbeat waveform sensor.Describing Example in, signal processing logic receive two input signals: (1) is from the heartbeat waveform signal of such as PPG sensor 1703 And (2) motion detection sensor 1705 exports.The frequency sample that can define from the original output of heartbeat waveform sensor, and Available buffer sample is for processing together.Similarly, sampling and storage motor message.In certain embodiments, arrive with about 20 The sample at rates heartbeat waveform sensor of 200Hz or about 20Hz to 60Hz and/or motion detection sensor output.Implement at some In example, with same frequency sampling heartbeat waveform sensor and motion detection sensor output.In an example, sample with 25Hz Two signals.Output is rewritten a limited number of times stored in buffer 1707 and 1709 regardless of sampling rate.

In some embodiment (such as, embodiment depicted in figure 17), one or more is additionally inputted fortune is provided to Dynamic compensation logic.In some embodiments, extra input senses for User Activity level or Activity Type, such as always autokinesis The output inferred from input data of device or other sensor or manually set detection from what user was carried out.Can use from example for this purpose Output such as device sensors such as motion detection sensors.Depicted in figure 17 in framework, signal processing logic uses to be used The current state at family (such as, fixed, participation is movable 1, participation activity 2 etc., sees frame 1733) and sometimes referred to as step User Activity speed (see frame 1735).In certain embodiments, the Activity Type/state of user is optional.Except fixing Outside motionless, the example of Activity Type comprises walking, running, bike riding etc..In some embodiments, device comprises periodically Movement rate computer, its cadence calculating user or other cycle movement speed.Use at the various stages during the course Cycle movement speed.

In certain embodiments, buffered heart rate and motion sensor output can be processed individually.In other embodiments, Previously in movement compensation process, process buffered heart rate and motion sensor output together.Setting of being used by the framework of Figure 17 In meter, two buffered output samples stand identical " pretreatment " operation (see frame 1711).The example of these a little pretreatment operation Comprise bandpass filtering, high-pass filtering, low pass filtered involve noise reduction.As an example, by the wave filter of the slowly varying component removing output Two kinds of sample is filtered, which introduces the challenge of signal processing, as explained above.In instances, two letters Number stand identical pretreatment, but it does not combine.

In certain embodiments, pretreatment frame 1711 moves based on User Activity level as described above or Activity Type State ground selects cut-off high-pass equipment.The input from 1733 and 1735 can be used for this purpose.As an example, corresponding to every point Beat for the 42 times high pass cutoff of several 0.7Hz of clock can be applicable to some User Activities but not be suitable for other User Activity.Cause This, in some embodiments, algorithm attempts to determine the current active of user, and selects the suitable cutoff frequency for described activity Rate.In an example, algorithm determines the cadence of user from motion sensor output data, and uses cadence to select suitable high pass Cut-off frequency.

Depicted in figure 17 in embodiment, signal processing logic buffers the heart beating ripple of pretreatment in buffer 1713 Shape sensor signal, and in buffer 1715, buffer the motion sensor signal of pretreatment.In certain embodiments, Mei Yihuan Rush device to preserve from about 1 to 40 seconds or from the data sample of about 5 to 20 seconds.In an example, buffer preserves the number of about 10 seconds According to.

In certain embodiments, signal processing logic comprises for different qualities based on data process heartbeat waveform number According to different channels.That these a little characteristics can be depending on the deduction of user or that user sets characteristic, described characteristic is in some situations Under dynamically change.The example of these a little characteristics comprise User Activity type, User Activity level (such as, step or cadence), Time of day, week period, position etc..Depicted in figure 17 in embodiment, characteristic is Activity Type and/or level (example As, cycle movement speed).As it can be seen, movable logic of authentication frame 1717 receives state (from frame 1733) and the user of user Step (from frame 1735) as input.The movable form differentiating that frame can be considered multiplexer.Signal processing logic uses Out of Memory in this information or other embodiments is to select channel.In some embodiments, logic is based on from device The user of user interface inputs selection channel, and described user interface may be provided on biometric monitoring arrangement or auxiliary device. If device detects that user enters AD HOC (such as " bike riding "), then process logic and can determine for comprising bike riding Movable channel application is to process heartbeat waveform.In described embodiment, there are three channels: " static " channel, " first lives Dynamic " channel and " second is movable " channel.The example of active process channel comprises the channel for walking/running, for take exercise Channel and/or the channel for certain types of exercise (such as, bike riding, swimming, elliptical exercise, rock-climbing, tennis etc.).When So, still-mode channel is inferred when the sensor output suggestion usual inertia of user.Generally, can be there are two or more Channel.In certain embodiments, there are 2 to 20 channels or 2 to 10 channels or 2 to 5 channels.

In each in the channel, the time-domain signal obtained from sensor is converted into frequency domain letter by signal processing logic Number.In described embodiment, this situation is completed at box 1719 for still-mode channel, for the first active channel It is completed at box 1723, and the second active channel is completed at box 1725.

As an example, still-mode channel can be implemented as follows.First, motion based on user determines still-mode.If User not yet moves in nearest time window (such as, 5 minutes) period or only slightly moves, then process logic (such as, frame 1717) user is considered as static for the purpose processing buffered sensor output data further.In this channel, logic Assume not exist motion artifact, therefore process and be simplified compared with the process of other channel.

In some or all be implemented in static channel in certain operations and one or more other " movable " channel:

A. perform fast fourier transform or other time domain and heart rate initial of user can be provided to this situation of frequency domain transform " estimate ".At this before conversion, carry out all process in the time domain.As mentioned, the frame 1719 of Figure 17 is held in static channel This operation of row.

B. identify from the heart rate track in the frequency spectrum designation of the filtered output data of heartbeat waveform sensor.Can be such as This process of execution described above.In certain embodiments, by getting rid of the presumption of the expection level less than User Activity type Heart rate track performs this situation.Under the situation of still-mode channel, this level is about 30 numbers of beating per minute.

The time change heart rate the most optionally making estimation is smooth to provide smooth output heart rate.The skill of art can be used Known to art personnel, many different smoothing filters perform smooth.Depicted in figure 17 in embodiment, optional smoothing logic Frame 1727 uses the input from frame 1733 (User Status) and 1735 (user's steps) to make time-varying heart rate signal smooth.

The most in some embodiments, " the confidence of the heart rate value that signal processing logic assessment determines from movement compensation process Degree ".In the embodiment of Figure 17, this assessment of box 1729 labelling.As explained elsewhere herein, confidence level can be by various skills Any one in art determines.In a method, it uses information contained in heartbeat waveform sensor；Such as, sensor The signal to noise ratio of output data.When low signal-to-noise ratio being detected, confidence level is low；When high s/n ratio being detected, confidence level is higher.

E. usual, signal processing logic is presented to user by the heart rate calculated and is completed it to buffered heart rate ripple The process of graphic data.See the box 1731 in Figure 17.In certain embodiments, signal processing logic by heart rate value and presents Heart rate in the confidence level of calculating present to user.In some cases, logic presents heart rate value and for adjusting apparatus Position is to improve the recommendation of the confidence level during subsequent heart rate calculates.As an example, logic can advise more tightly wearable device or general It is worn on higher position on the forearm of user.

Heart rate information can be presented to user (visually, audibly, sense of touch ground etc.).Can be via biometric monitoring arrangement And/or the auxiliary device (such as, pairing phone, table, computer or other processing means) being associated provides information.Real at some Execute in scheme, design offer information via " one-touch " heart rate monitor.See application on January 1st, 1 and in full to quote No. 14/154,009 U.S. patent application case being incorporated herein of mode.

Then with reference to the first activity pattern channel, the example of the process for this pattern can be implemented as follows.Initially, based on The motion at family determines the first activity pattern.Many criterions can be used to determine the activity pattern of user.At minimum level, device should Reception suggestion user participates in a certain activity and is not the output of fixed sensor.In typical embodiments, motion-sensing Device output shows that the limbs of user or user move with rational speed.Or, process that logic can be dependent on from user is manual Input, it is movable that its instruction user participates in first.It starts to process buffered output data via the first active channel, regardless of It is movable how signal processing logic (such as, frame 1717) determines that user participates in first.In this channel, logic assumes that existence should be Calculate the motion artifact removing or reducing before the heart rate of user.Otherwise, Channel Processing can be with the Channel Processing class of static channel As implement.

First active channel can use sef-adapting filter remove from time-domain signal or reduce motion artifact.See the reality of Figure 17 Execute the frame 1721 in example.In certain embodiments, sef-adapting filter attempts to export data prediction heart beating ripple from motion sensor Shape sensor output data.This situation determines the motion artifact in the output of heartbeat waveform sensor, because motion artifact two is defeated Go out unique component that signal is common.Stating in another way, sef-adapting filter deducts motion artifact from heart rate output signal To provide " cleaning " heart rate output data.The example of spendable adaptive-filtering comprises least means square and a recurrence young waiter in a wineshop or an inn Take advantage of filtering.Optionally, process logic make cleaning heartbeat waveform output signal second time through sef-adapting filter, as solved above Release.The example of other movement compensating algorithm spendable comprises dynamic programming and multiple target tracking.As mentioned, can be to heart beating ripple Shape signal uses movement compensation process many twice again.Motion sensor for motion compensation exports and can represent multiple user's body Any one in motion.Example comprise Periodic iimb move (such as, walking, stroke, by bike time ankle rotate) and Lower limb on aerobic machine (such as, stationary bike, sprint and elliptical machine) moves.

The most as described above, the process further of the heartbeat waveform signal in the first active channel can proceed with quiet Only channel.But, identify that heart beating track can use more complicated process.It is hereafter to can be used for the operation in the first active channel.

A. use FFT or other frequency domain switch technology to export from the time domain data from sef-adapting filter and obtain user's heart " estimation " of rate.See the frame 1723 for this position operated in the embodiment of Figure 17.

B. identify from the heart rate track in the frequency spectrum designation of the filtered output data of heartbeat waveform sensor.See figure Frame 1724 in the embodiment of 17.In certain embodiments, by getting rid of the presumption of the expection level less than User Activity type Heart rate track performs this situation.Under the situation of still-mode channel, this level is about 40 numbers of beating per minute.Real at some Executing in scheme, logic creates or uses for each Activity Type and/or the expection heart rate frequency band of level of activation, and for any Given Activity Type, gets rid of all potential heart rate outside band.The use that the example of the information that may be used to definition band comprises deduction The sensor output of family Activity Type, cadence and definition (such as, GPS velocity when bike riding, for height by bike Meter change).In certain embodiments, the minimum heart rate band for any activity is (previous more than the fixed heart rate of user Determine).

C. make estimation smooth to obtain smooth output heart rate.

D. " confidence level " of assessment output heart rate.This process optionally uses the user movement as determined by various process. It can optionally use the signal to noise ratio that motion sensor exports.

E. the heart rate of calculating is presented to user.Can with for adjusting apparatus position with improve confidence level level of confidence And/or recommend to present this information together.User (visually, audibly, sense of touch ground etc.) can be presented information to.Can be via biology Metering monitoring arrangement and/or the auxiliary device (such as, pairing phone, table, computer or other processing means) being associated provide Information.In some embodiments, offer information is designed via one-touch heart rate monitor.See that on January 1st, 1 applies for And No. 14/154,009 U.S. patent application case being incorporated herein by reference in full.

As mentioned, additional activities channel, the channel being such as associated can be used with the frame 1725 in Figure 17.Real in many Executing in scheme, extra channel uses the change on the first active channel depicted in figure 17.Change can comprise minimum and maximum The position on border on heart rate calculated, and the signal from heartbeat waveform sensor is filtered by logic the most energetically.

Control logic in order to implement heartbeat waveform described herein process, its generally but not one be positioned body-building monitor On device.Described control logic can be embodied as hardware, software, firmware or its any combination.May be it is said that be carried by " programming " For instruction.This programming is interpreted as comprising any type of logic, comprises the hard-coded logic in digital signal processor and has It is embodied as other device of the special algorithm of hardware.Programming is also interpreted as comprising the software can being implemented on general processor or solid Part instructs.Perform described herein instruction time by control logic use data can by can completely resident on device or Part resides on the storages (such as, buffering) such as the memorizer being associated on pairing auxiliary device, depositor.Below in reference to such as Figure 11 A to 11G, 12A to 12C, 13A to 13B and 14A to 14D present the example for implementing to control the suitable architecture of logic.

In certain embodiments, control logic comprise processor, chip, card or plate or these combination, its comprise for Perform one or more logic controlling function.In certain embodiments, the instruction being used for controlling heartbeat waveform sensor is stored in There is provided on the storage arrangement being associated with body-building monitoring arrangement or via network.The example of suitable memory device comprises partly leads Body memory, magnetic storage, optical memory etc..Can be with example for controlling the computer program code of heartbeat waveform sensor Readable programming language such as conventional computer as any in assembler language, C etc. is write.Object code or the foot of compiling is performed by processor This identifying in a program with execution of task.

Cycle of operation in heartbeat waveform sensor

Can by cycle of operation heartbeat waveform sensor during Rule Activity economy system power.Power is saved and can be led to Cross and turn off PPG sensor light source and/or photodetector and reach by reducing the operation of signal processing algorithm.Processing logic can Duty cycle sensor light source is with corresponding to the cycle of operation for processing data.

Based on a determination that active state, heart rate logic determines the frequency producing new heart rate readings.When being in and high health During the active state of moving phase association, logic can determine heart rate (such as, every a second) continually.But, when being not involved in acutely During body movement, the heart rate readings of its less frequently real estate tissue regeneration promoting.Because heart rate estimates to require to calculate power spectrum density, (it needs Will be at the PPG data (such as, the data of about 5 to 15 seconds) in minimum duration), so cycle of operation logic is it is ensured that Sensor is connected in the little time.In some embodiments, cycle of operation can be implemented as follows:

The most once obtaining enough samples and estimate to calculate heart rate, just can turning off sensor (light source and photodetector) until asking Till seeking next sample.

2. find on screen on one's own initiative under the situation of estimation user, cycle of operation can be turned off, and user sees heart rate Instantaneous renewal.

If user participate in need high-resolution (such as, 1 second resolution) as run or the body movement of bike riding, So can again turn off cycle of operation.

4. when user is not or not time requiring to operate in the way of frequent updating, and device logic switches back to low-power mode, and Heart rate can be measured with low frequency (such as, per minute once).Even if it is interested in receiving renewal not receive suggestion user in logic Input time, can carry out infrequently heart rate measurement for long-term trend (such as a whole day) use.

The most in certain embodiments, use the device of cycle of operation can reduce the power consumed by LED light source and reach 75%, And the power that minimizing is consumed by signal processing algorithm reaches 90%.

Ambient light and the colour of skin

Ambient light and the colour of skin may make it difficult to the heart rate from PPG signal extraction user.Can be by when PPG light source is opened The value being received detection optical signal deduct being received when PPG light source is closed and detect the value of optical signal and reduce the shadow of ambient light Ring (assuming that two signals are to obtain) in the time in close proximity to each other.

The wavelength of light that by the intensity changing PPG light source, can send from light source and/or by using corresponding to two not Ratio or the difference of the received signal of co-wavelength and reduce the impact of the colour of skin.(such as, user's key entry can be inputted by using user Its colour of skin), the image etc. of human face determines the colour of skin, and can come calibration algorithm, light-source brightness, light source followed by using the colour of skin Wavelength and receptor gain.Also by the signal with known amplitude being sent to light source and then measuring from photoelectric detector The signal received is to measure the colour of skin (and compactness of the user's wearable device) impact on original PPG signal.This type of signal can Send and reach time cycle (so that via multiple expection heart beatings capture data) of prolongation and being then averaging and be not dependent on to produce The steady statue data set of heart rate.Can then by this amplitude compared with the class value being stored in table with determine algorithm calibration, send out Emitter amplitude and receptor gain.

The heart rate using heuristic is estimated to improve

After obtaining the initial estimation (such as, estimated) of heart rate by peak counting or power spectral density, it can be used for The allowed speed of heart rate is applied boundary.Can be for these boundaries of each user optimization, because each user will have uniquely Heart rate overview.For example, its sitting heart rate can be estimated when each user maintains static, and when this can be used as user's walking Lower limit.Similarly, 1/2nd of walk frequency as calculated from podometer may act as expecting the good lower limit of heart rate.

Algorithm of heart rate can customize for each user, and can learn user heart rate overview and be suitable to user behavior and/ Or characteristic is to elapse more preferable in time.For example, described algorithm can be right based on the historical data from user Heart rate or walking speed during given body activity set boundary.This can be broken by noise and/or motion artifact at heart rate data In bad time, provides more preferable result.

HR quality metric

In another example embodiment, the signal quality metrics of heart rate/PPG signal may be used to provide the standard of produced signal The quantization of exactness/degree of accuracy.Depend on this value measured, determine heart rate (or other PPG derivation degree such as such as breathing of user Amount) algorithm can take some action, comprise and allow user strain watchband, to ignore some part of collected heart rate data (such as, There is the data segment of low quality metric), and some part of heart rate data is weighted (such as, having better quality tolerance Data can calculate heart rate time give greater weight).

In one embodiment, can sending out signals quality metric as follows: drawing scatter diagram, wherein x-axis is the time, and y-axis Frequency for the peak value in the PPG signal of that given time.Using this strategy problem to be overcome is can at given time Multiple and/or zero peak value can be there is.Line of best fit is capture line sexual relationship in this scatter diagram.High-quality signal should have good It is fitted to well one group of peak value of line (in short time span), and bad signal will have can not described well by line Group peak value.Therefore, the fit quality to line provides the good measure of quality of PPG signal self.

Sitting, sleep and activity classification tolerance

In yet another embodiment embodiment, when device determine user's sitting or sleeping time, biometric monitoring arrangement can use Sensor calculates changes in heart rate.Herein, biometric monitoring arrangement can be with higher rate sampling mode (relative to non-sitting week Phase or the User Activity cycle beyond predetermined threshold) operate sensor to calculate changes in heart rate.Biometric monitoring arrangement (or outer Part device) changes in heart rate can be used as health of heart or the designator of anxiety.

It practice, in certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can user's sitting and/or sleeping (such as, as by The detection of biometric monitoring arrangement and/or determine) time measure and/or determine tensional level and/or the health of heart of user.This Some embodiments of bright biometric monitoring arrangement can use instruction changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, skin temperature, body temperature And/or the sensing data of heart rate determine the tensional level of user, health status (such as, have a fever or catch a cold risk, send out Make, or progress), and/or health of heart.In this way, the process circuit of biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that and/or follow the tracks of with " baseline " tensional level of user of time passage and/or the heart " healthy " elapsed in time.In another embodiment, described Device can wherein user without motion (or the motion of user is less than predetermined threshold, such as when user be just seated, lie down, sleeping or When being in Sleep stages (such as, deep sleep)) one or more cycle during measure the physiological parameter of user.These data also can be by Biometric monitoring arrangement with act on nervous relevant parameter, health-related parameter (such as, have a fever the risk catch a cold or Make), health of heart, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, skin temperature, body temperature and/or " baseline " of heart rate.

Sleep watchdog

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can automatically detect or determine that user just attempts to fall asleep, Fall asleep, fall asleep and/or wake up from sleep cycle.At this in a little embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can use biosensor Obtain data, and the data processing circuit of biometric monitoring arrangement can make the sensor collection from biometric monitoring arrangement Heart rate, changes in heart rate, breathing rate, skin pricktest response, motion, skin temperature and/or temperature data combination relevant with inspection Survey or determine that user the most just attempts to fall asleep, falls asleep, falls asleep and/or wake up from sleep cycle.As response, biometric Monitoring arrangement can such as obtain physiological data (type as described herein and in mode as described herein) and/or determine The physiological condition of user (type as described herein and in mode as described herein).For example, user movement The reduction of the change that minimizing or stopping combine user's heart rate and/or changes in heart rate may indicate that user is the most sleeping.Changes in heart rate and skin The follow-up change of skin electroresponse can then by biometric monitoring arrangement in order to determine that the sleep state of user is at two or two Transformation (such as, being changed into shallower and/or deeper Sleep stages) between above Sleep stages.The motion of user and/or liter High heart rate and/or the change of changes in heart rate can be by biometric monitoring arrangement in order to determine that user wakes up.

In real time, window or batch processing may be used to determine waking, sleeps and transformation between Sleep stages.For example, The heart can be measured in time window (reducing when heart rate is in the rising of the beginning of described window and centre (and/or the end) at described window) The reduction of rate.Awakening with Sleep stages can by hidden Markov model use motor message (such as, the exercise intensity of reduction), The change of the response of heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin temperature, skin pricktest and/or ambient light level is classified.Can be by changing point Algorithm (such as, Bayes changes point analysis) determines transition point.Can be by observing the heart rate of wherein user when predetermined continuing In be reduced at least a certain threshold value but be in user resting heart rate (its be such as observed user sleep time minimum heart rate) Predetermined margin in cycle determine awakening and sleep between transformation.Similarly, can be increased by the heart rate of observation user The transformation between sleep and awakening is determined on the predetermined threshold higher than the resting heart rate of user.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be an assembly of the system for monitoring sleep, wherein Described system comprises and is configured to and biometric monitoring arrangement communication and be adapted for placement in the auxiliary device (example near sleeper As, alarm clock).In some embodiments, described auxiliary device has in order to be received biometric monitoring arrangement to carry out safety The shape taken care of, communicate and/or charge and mechanical and/or magnetic interfaces.But, described auxiliary device also can be universally used in biology Metering monitoring arrangement, such as without particular design with the smart phone physically interfaced with biometric monitoring arrangement.Can be via Wired communication interface or via wireless communication interface and such as bluetooth (comprising such as bluetooth 4.0 and the low-yield agreement of bluetooth), The agreements such as RFID, NFC or WLAN provide the communication between biometric monitoring arrangement and auxiliary device.Auxiliary device can comprise Monitor or the sensor of environmental surveillance in order to assisting sleep, such as, measure ambient light, noise and/or sound and (such as, beat with detection Snore), temperature, the sensor of humidity and air quality (pollen, dust, CO2, etc.).In one embodiment, auxiliary device can be with The external service of such as www.fitbit.com etc. or server (such as, personal computer) communication.Can via wired (such as, Ethernet, USB) or wireless (such as, WLAN, bluetooth, RFID, NFC, honeycomb fashion) circuit and in order to transfer data to auxiliary device And/or realize the communication with auxiliary device from the agreement of auxiliary device transmission data.Auxiliary device can also act as in order to by number According to from such as www.fitbit.com or other service (such as, such as news, social networks renewal, Email, calendar notification Etc. data) etc. external service or server (such as, personal computer, mobile phone, tablet PC) be sent to biometric Monitoring arrangement and/or data are sent to from biometric monitoring arrangement the repeater of described external service or server.Can make On one or two device or external service (such as, Cloud Server), user is performed by the data from one or two device The calculating of dormant data.

Auxiliary device can equipped with display with the data that be obtained by auxiliary device of display or by biometric monitoring arrangement, External service is sent to its data or the group of the data from biometric monitoring arrangement, auxiliary device and/or external service Close.For example, auxiliary device can show instruction the heart rate of user, the total step number on the same day, activity and/or sleep realization of goal, The data of the weather (measured by auxiliary device or reported for a position by external service) etc. on the same day.In another example, Auxiliary device can show the data relevant relative to the ranking of other users with user, the most total all step numbers.In another enforcement In example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with display to show by biometric monitoring arrangement, auxiliary device, external service Or the data that the combination in described three sources obtains.Wherein first device equipped with wake up up warning (such as, vibrating motor, raise one's voice Device) embodiment in, auxiliary device may act as spare alarm (such as, use audio tweeter).Auxiliary device also can have Interface (such as, display and button or touch screen) with create, delete, revise or enable first and/or auxiliary device on report Alert device.

Sensor-based ready mode

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can automatically detect or determine if to be attached to user, peace Put with user and/or worn by user.In response to detecting or determining that biometric monitoring arrangement is not attached to user, peace Putting with user and/or worn by user, biometric monitoring arrangement (or its selected portion) can be implemented or be placed in low-power Operator scheme, such as, optics heartbeat waveform sensor and/or circuit are placed in lower-wattage or sleep pattern.For example, exist In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise one or more photodetector (photodiode, optotransistor, etc.). If under given light intensity sets (such as, the light relative to being sent) by the light source of the part for biometric monitoring arrangement, One or more photodetector provide low return signal, then biometric monitoring arrangement can by data interpretation for instruction device not by Wear.After this type of determines, device can reduce its power consumption at once, such as by except other device circuit or display it The operating condition of outer also " disabling " or adjustment anxiety and/or heart rate detection sensor and/or circuit is (such as, by reducing light source And/or the cycle of operation of detector or disable light source and/or detector, turn off device, display, and/or disable or decay relevant Connection circuit or its part).Additionally, biometric monitoring arrangement can periodically determine whether (such as, once per second) should be by tight Open and/or the operating condition of heart rate detection sensor and/or associated circuits returns to normal operating condition (such as, light source, inspection Survey device and/or associated circuits should return to normal manipulation mode for carrying out heart rate detection).In another embodiment, biological Metering monitoring arrangement (such as, can detect that the motion of device is (such as, based on from one after trigger event detecting Or the data of multiple motion sensor) and/or detect to input via the user of user interface and (such as, monitor with biometric Device touch by, collide or stir mutual) after) at once recover nervous and/or heart rate detection sensor and/or associated circuits Operating condition.In some related embodiment, saving purpose for power, biometric monitoring arrangement can be at User Activity degree Time the highest, the default rate that its heart rate measurement is collected is reduced to one-shot measurement the most per minute, and user can have and such as passes through Button is promoted device to be placed in the demand of pressing or produces the operator scheme measured with faster speed (such as, once per second).

Optical pickocff

In one embodiment, optical pickocff (source and/or detector) can be placed in the interior of biometric monitoring arrangement (that is, the side of the contact of biometric monitoring arrangement, touching and/or user oriented skin is (hereinafter referred to for portion or skin side " skin side ")) on.(see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 3C).In another embodiment, optical pickocff can be placed in the one or many of device On individual side, comprise skin side and device towards or be exposed to one or more side (ambient side) of surrounding.(see, example As, Fig. 6 A to 7).

It should be noted that the data of a little optical pickocffs since then can represent physiological data and/or environmental data.Actual On, in one embodiment, optical pickocff provides, obtains and/or detect the multiple sides from biometric monitoring arrangement Information, whether be placed on one or many person in the plurality of side regardless of sensor.For example, optical pickocff can Obtain the data relevant with the environment light condition of environment.

In the case of in the skin side that optical pickocff is positioned or arranged in biometric monitoring arrangement, in operation, Light source in biometric monitoring arrangement can be luminous on the skin of user, and as response, in biometric monitoring arrangement Photodetector sampling, obtain and/or detect from the corresponding reflection of skin (and from body interior) and/or the light that sends. One or more light source and photodetector can be by strengthening or optimize signal to noise ratio and/or in order to described light source and light inspection are reduced or minimized Array or the pattern of surveying the power consumption of device are arranged.These optical pickocff samplings, obtain and/or detect physiological data, Described physiological data can be the most treated or analyze (such as, by resident process circuit) and represent the heart of such as user to obtain Rate, breathing, changes in heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO₂), blood volume, blood glucose, skin moisture and/or the number of cutaneous pigmentation level According to.

Light source can send the light of one or more wavelength of the type specific to or be directed to physiological data to be collected. Similarly, fluorescence detector sampling, measure and/or detect also specific to or be directed to the type of physiological data to be collected And/or to be assessed or that determine one or more wavelength of (user's) physiological parameter.For example, in one embodiment, send out Go out the light of the wavelength having in green light spectrum light source (such as, sending the LED of the light with the wavelength corresponding to green light spectrum) and It is located to sampling, measures and/or detect the photodiode of corresponding with this light response or reflection and can provide and may be used to determine Or the data of detection heart rate.By contrast, send the light of the wavelength having in red spectral light source (such as, send have right Should be in the LED of the light of the wavelength of red spectral) and the light source of the light that sends the wavelength having in infrared spectrum (such as, send There is the LED of the light of the wavelength corresponding to IR spectrum) and be located to sampling, measure and/or detect the response of this light or anti- The photodiode penetrated can provide and may be used to determine or detect SpO₂Data.

It practice, in certain embodiments, light source (such as LED (or one group of LED)) color of the light sent or wavelength Can be revised according to the predefined type of acquired physiological data or operating condition, adjusted and/or be controlled.Herein, adjustable The wavelength of the light that whole and/or control is sent by light source is to optimize and/or to strengthen the physiological data being obtained by detector and/or sampling " quality ".For example, when the skin temperature of user or ambient temperature are relatively low, LED the color of the light sent can be from red Outside line is switched to green to strengthen the signal corresponding to cardiomotility.(see, such as Figure 11 D).

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise in shell window (such as, in order to interim to examine, Opaque window) to promote the light emission between optical pickocff and user.Herein, described window can permit such as one or Light (such as, having selected wavelength) is issued on the skin of user and permits the response of light or reflect via described by multiple LED Window is to back through to be sampled by such as one or more photodiode, measure and/or to be detected.In one embodiment, The circuit relevant with sending and receive light can be placed in crust of the device inside and plastics or glassy layer (such as, be coated with red Outside line ink) or infrared lenses or wave filter (its permit infrared light by but the light that disapproves in people's vision spectrum pass through) Downwardly or rearwardly.In this way, the light transmission of described window can not be by human eye finding.

Biometric monitoring arrangement can use light pipe or other translucent construction to promote that light is transmitted into the body of user from light source Body and skin.(see, such as, Fig. 4 A to 5).Thus, in certain embodiments, light can be through thus a little light pipes or other printing opacity Structure is from the skin of light source oriented users.Scattered light from user's body can be via same or like structure to returning guiding biology Optical circuit in metering monitoring arrangement.It practice, described translucent construction can use material and/or the optics promoting that low light loss loses (such as, translucent construction can comprise the lens promoting that light is collected, and the part of translucent construction can use reflecting material coating or adjacent in design It is bordering on reflecting material to promote light internal reflection in translucent construction), the signal to noise ratio and/or the promotion that thus improve photodetector subtract Small light source and/or the power consumption of photodetector.In certain embodiments, light pipe or other translucent construction can comprise optionally Launch the light (emission effciency is higher than the emission effciency of the light with other wavelength) with one or more specific or predetermined wavelength Material, thus acts as band filter.This quasi-belt ventilating filter can be tuned to improve the signal of specific physiological data type.Lift For example, in one embodiment, can implement in-mold label or " IML " translucent construction, wherein said translucent construction uses to be had Make a reservation for or the material of required optical characteristics creates specific bandpass characteristic, in order to such as make being higher than by efficiency of infrared light have The light of other wavelength (such as, has the light of wavelength in people's visible spectrum).In another embodiment, biometric monitors dress Put to use and there is optically opaque part (comprising some optical characteristics) and optical clear part (comprise that to be different from optics impermeable The optical characteristics of bright part) translucent construction.This type of translucent construction can provide, wherein via double injection or two step molding process Optically opaque material and optically transparent material are injected in mould individually.Implement the biometric prison of this type of translucent construction View apparatus can be depending on the light direct of travel through translucent construction and comprises different optical transmission characteristics for different wave length.Citing comes Saying, in one embodiment, optically opaque material can reflect particular range of wavelengths so that more efficiently by light from the body of user Body transmitting returns to photodetector (it can have the different wave length of the wavelength relative to sent light).

In another embodiment, during catoptric arrangement can be placed in the visual field of optical transmitting set and/or photodetector.Citing comes Say have and light is directed to the skin of user from optical transmitting set and/or is directed to hole (or the warp of photodetector from the skin of user By perform this by way of advance translucent construction) side can cover in reflecting material (such as, chromium plating) to promote light transmission.Instead Penetrate material to increase and from light source, light is transferred to skin and then returns to the efficiency of detector from skin transport.Available optical epoxy Resin or other transparent material fill reflexive coating hole to prevent liquid entrance apparatus main body from still allowing for damaging with low transmission simultaneously Devitrification penetrates light.

In another embodiment implementing translucent construction (such as, the structure creating via IML or being formed), these a little printing opacities are tied Structure can comprise the mask being made up of opaque material, and described opaque material limits one, some or all of light source and/or detection The aperture of device.In this way, translucent construction optionally " defines " and emits light into or from the user's body of its detection light Preferred volume.It should be noted that and can use in conjunction with described herein and/or explanation concept or implement the configuration of other mask； In order to such as improve photoelectricity volume diagram signal and combine described herein and/or explanation concept implement all this cover Configure set falling within the scope of the present invention.

In another embodiment, optical transmitting set and/or detector can be configured via the hole in device outside or one to be Light is launched in row hole.Available light transmitting epoxy resin (such as optical resin) fills this hole or this series of apertures.Epoxy resin can shape Becoming light-guiding pillar, it allows light be transmitted into skin from optical transmitting set and return to photodetector from skin transmitting.This technology also has Advantages below: epoxy resin can form waterproof sealing, thus prevents water, perspiration or other liquid from being entered by the hole on device outside Enter apparatus main body, described hole allow optical transmitting set and detector emit light into biometric monitoring arrangement body exterior and from Biometric monitoring arrangement body exterior receives light.The epoxy resin with high heat conductance may be used to help prevent light source (such as, LED) overheated.

In any one in translucent construction as herein described, optics (translucent construction) or the exposure table of apparatus main body Face can comprise hard japanning, (such as antireflection, anti-scratch, antifog and/or wavelength band stops (such as hard dip-coating thing or optical coating Ultraviolet light stops) coating).These a little characteristics or material can improve the operation of biometric monitoring arrangement, accuracy and/or durable Property.

Fig. 4 A one potential PPG light source of explanation and the example of photoelectric detector geometry.In this embodiment, two light Source is placed on the either side of photoelectric detector.These three device is positioned at wristband type biometric monitoring arrangement (its face, side To the skin of user) the back side on raised in.

Fig. 4 B and 4C explanation has the example of the PPG sensor of photoelectric detector and two LED light sources.These assemblies are placed In having on dorsal part in bossed biometric monitoring arrangement.Light-pipe optics connects LED and photoelectric detector and user's skin Surface.Side under the skin, from the blood scattering from health of the light of light source, some of which can scatter or reflect back into light In photodetector.

Fig. 5 explanation has the example of the biometric monitoring arrangement gathering around bossed optimized PPG detector, described projection There is curved side in order to avoid making user not feel well.Additionally, photoelectric detector and LED light are coupled to the skin of wearer The surface of light pipe is wavy to couple maximizing the luminous flux between LED and photoelectric detector with light pipe.The user oriented of light pipe The end of skin is also wavy.This profile can make light focus on or defocus to optimize PPG signal.For example, described profile can make Light emitted focusing on meets it may happen that a certain degree of depth in region of blood flowing and position.The summit of these focuses can be overlapping Together or be very close to so that photoelectric detector receive maximum possible scattered light.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise concave or convex shape in the skin side of device (such as lens), collect light from described point so that light focuses on towards the designated volume at the certain depth in skin and increases The efficiency of photoelectric detector.(see, such as, Fig. 4 A to 5).Also use light pipe with optionally at this type of biometric monitoring arrangement And in the case of controllably routeing light, the end of light-guiding pillar is carried out moulding and makes it have a certain degree of cylindricity (example As, nominally the end of light-guiding pillar can be cylindrical surface (or its portion defined by the cylinder axis being parallel to skin side Point)) can be favourable (such as, substituting the lens that use is axially symmetric).For example, at wrist carried biometric monitoring arrangement In, nominally this type of cylindrical lens can be oriented such that cylinder axis is parallel to the forearm of wearer, this measure can have Limit and enter the amount of this lens-like light from the direction of the forearm being parallel to people and increase to enter from the direction of the forearm being perpendicular to people Enter the effect of the amount of this lens-like light, because comparing, environment with the direction (that is, being perpendicular to the forearm of user) covered by bandage The direction (i.e. along the forearm axis of user) that light is the most never covered by the bandage of biometric monitoring arrangement arrives sensing Device detection region, this type of configuration can be sent to user's skin from emitter by light by increase or efficiency therein reduces simultaneously " spuious " light that detected by photoelectric detector or collect and improve signal to noise ratio.In this way, by photoelectric detector sampling, measure And/or the signal of detection is by less veiling glare and to this light emitted more user's skin/(expression is to institute in health response Launch signal or the data of the response of light) composition.

In another embodiment, light transmitting epoxy resin may be molded as concave or convex shape to be also provided with for sensor The optical characteristics of benefit.For example, during coating light transmitting epoxy resin, described epoxy resin the top of the translucent construction formed Portion can be through being shaped as concave surface so that light be more efficiently coupled to translucent construction.

In one embodiment, the assembly of optical pickocff can be positioned in the skin side of device, and arranged or location So that (i) light source and/or be associated distance detector and (ii) user skin between are reduced or minimized.See such as Fig. 3 A, its The cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of example portable monitoring device is provided.In figure 3 a, two light sources (such as, LED) are placed To realize PPG sensing on the either side of photoelectric detector.Light-locking material be placed between light source and photoelectric detector in case Only any light from light source arrives photoelectric detector and first exits the main body of biometric monitoring arrangement.Flexible transparent layer Can be placed in the lower surface of sensor projection to form sealing.This clear layer can serve other function, such as, prevent liquid Body enters device in the position placing light source or photoelectric detector.This clear layer can be formed via in-mold label or " IML ".Light Source and photoelectric detector can be placed on flexible PCB.

This type of configuration can improve the luminous flux coupling efficiency between the assembly of optical pickocff and user's body.Citing comes Saying, in one embodiment, light source and/or the detector that is associated can be placed in flexibility or flexible substrate, described flexibility or Flexible substrate deflection, thus allow the skin side (it can be made up of conforming materials) of biometric monitoring arrangement to meet (such as, it is not necessary to extra process) or can be through moulding (or compliance) meeting biometric monitoring arrangement in the normal operating phase Between the shape of body part (such as, the wrist of user, arm, ankle and/or lower limb) that is coupled to or is attached to so that light source And/or be associated detector close to user skin (that is, between the skin side and the neighbouring surface of user's skin of device several Gapless.See such as Fig. 6 A.In one embodiment, light source and/or the detector that is associated can be placed in flat flexible cable On (Flat Flex Cable) or " FFC " or flexible PCB.In this embodiment, flexible or flexible substrate (such as, FFC or Flexible PCB) may be connected in device its on be mounted with second substrate of other assembly (such as, data processing circuit) (such as, PCB).Difference " finger " that the optical module of differing heights can be pacified to flexible substrate and through pressing or be fastened to shell table Face so that optical module flushes with case surface.In one embodiment, the second substrate can be relatively without flexible or inflexibility Substrate, is fixed in device, and it is mounted with other circuit and assembly (passive and/or active).

Fig. 3 C provides another cross-sectional view of example PPG Sensor Implementation.It should be noted that this PPG sensor In there is no projection.Additionally, liquid gasket and/or contact adhesive are in order to prevent liquid from entering biometric monitoring arrangement main body.

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement may be adapted to be worn or carried by user's body.Comprising the optics heart In some embodiments of rate monitor, device can be the such as wrist wearing type such as wrist-watch or bracelet or arm installing type ornament. (see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 7).In one embodiment, the optical element of optics heart rate monitor can be located at biometric and monitors dress On the inside put or skin side, such as when biometric monitoring arrangement is worn in wrist towards top (that is, the optics of wrist Heart rate monitor can be adjacent to and towards wrist).(see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 3C).

In another embodiment, optics heart rate monitor can be located at one or more outside or ring of biometric monitoring arrangement On the side surface of border.(see, such as, Fig. 6 B and 7).At this in a little embodiments, user can be with the finger touching optical window of phase backhand (optical element of optics heart rate monitor is positioned at its rear) with initial heart rate measurement (and/or other tolerance relevant with heart rate, Such as changes in heart rate) and/or collect the data of the heart rate (and/or other tolerance relevant with heart rate) that may be used to determine user. (see, such as, Fig. 6 B).In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can be by the incident illumination in sense photodiode (suddenly) decline and trigger or initial measure, such as, when the finger of user is placed on optical window.Additionally or alternatively Ground, can be by based on ultrared proximity detector and/or capacitor-type touch/proximity detector, (it can be with other detector Separately) trigger heart rate measurement (or other this type of tolerance).This kind is based on ultrared proximity detector and/or capacitive touch Touch/proximity detector can be placed in optical window or on it and/or functionally, electricity and/or be physically coupled to optical window Mouth is to detect or to determine the existence of such as user's finger.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise button, and described button triggers when pressed or rises Beginning heart rate measurement (and/or other tolerance relevant with heart rate).Described button can be placed in be sentenced at hands very close to optical window Refer to facilitate user to press button when being placed on optical window.(see, such as, Fig. 7).In one embodiment, optical window can be embedding Enter in promoting button.Thus, when a user presses a button, it can trigger the measurement to the finger pressed the button.It practice, can Giving certain shape of button and/or press pressure resistance, it strengthens or optimizes the pressure distribution of button opposing finger to measure or number According to providing high s/n ratio during obtaining.In other embodiments (undeclared), biometric monitoring arrangement can in intermediate plate, smooth right As, suspension member, ankletbangle, band etc. are suitable to be worn on health, clip to or pacify to dress, leave (such as, pocket in clothes in In) or leave the form in ornament (such as, handbag) in.

In a particular embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise projection in the skin side of device or inner side. (see, Fig. 2 A to 6A).When being coupled to user, described projection than peripheral devices main body with engaging skin more energetically.Real at this Executing in example, optical window or translucent construction (both is all being discussed in detail above) can form a part for projection or be incorporated in prominent In Qiing.The optical transmitting set of optical pickocff and/or detector can be positioned or arranged in projection near window or translucent construction. (see, such as, Fig. 2 B and 6A).Thus, when being attached to the health of user, the window portion of the projection of biometric monitoring arrangement Than the peripheral devices main body skin of engaging user more energetically, thus between the skin and optical window of user, provide more firm Solid physical coupling.That is, described projection can cause durable contact between biometric monitoring arrangement and the skin of user, and it can The amount reducing the veiling glare measured by photoelectric detector, the relative motion reduced between biometric monitoring arrangement and user, and/ Or the local pressure of the improvement to user's skin is provided；All these quality improving paid close attention to heart signal.It is worth note Meaning, described projection can be containing other sensor benefiting from the close proximity with user's skin and/or rigid contact.These Sensor and can comprise such as skin temperature in addition to heartbeat waveform sensor or substitute heartbeat waveform sensor and be included Degree sensor (such as, utilizes and is joined to the optical window of outer surface of projection or the non-of thermal resistor by hot epoxy resin Contact thermoelectric pile), pulse oximeter, pressure transducer, EMG or the skin pricktest response sensor such as (GSR) sensor.

Additionally or alternati, a part for the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise friction enhancing mechanism or material Material.For example, the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise multiple raised or sunken district or part is (such as, little convex Block, oncus, groove and/or pit).Additionally, friction enhancing material (such as, such as siloxanes isogel sample material or other bullet Property material) can be placed in skin side.It practice, the device back side being made up of gel also can provide friction, also improve use simultaneously Family comfort level and prevent veiling glare from entering.As noted above, friction strengthens mechanism or material can be individually or jointly as herein Described tool bossed biometric monitoring arrangement uses.Thus, biometric monitoring arrangement can be at device In jut or on comprise multiple raised or sunken district or part (such as, small lugs, oncus, groove and/or pit).Real On border, this most raised or sunken district or part may be incorporated into/be embedded in the window portion of projection or on.Additionally or alternati, Jut can be formed by friction enhancing material (such as, such as siloxanes isogel sample material) or be used described friction enhancing material Coating.It should be noted that the use of projection and/or friction can be by reducing biometric monitoring arrangement (and thus sensor) Improve corresponding to some parameter relative to the motion of skin of user (when especially user moves) in operation The data of (such as, heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, skin temperature, dye, heat flux, blood pressure, blood glucose etc.) obtain The accuracy of measurement taken.

Some or all of the inside of biometric monitoring arrangement or skin side shell also can by metal material (such as, steel, Rustless steel, aluminum, magnesium or titanium) composition.This type of configuration can provide structural rigidity.(see, such as, Fig. 2 B).In this type of embodiment, dress Put main body can be designed to by using low irritability " without nickel " rustless steel to be low irritability.It should be noted that use (at least in some position) the most slightly (such as, for ferrous rustless steel grade) on ferrous some type of metal can be Favourable.At this in a little embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement (wherein its to comprise rechargeable energy source (such as, rechargeable Electricity battery)) can interconnect via adapter and charger, described adapter use be coupled to the magnet of ferrous iron material and by self It is fastened to biometric monitoring arrangement.Additionally, biometric monitoring arrangement it be also possible to use this magnetic properties engaged with base or extension Depressed place is to promote data transmission.Additionally, this type of shell can provide reinforced electric magnetic shield, it will strengthen optics heartbeat waveform sensor And the integrity of heart rate data acquisition process/operation and reliability.Additionally, skin temperature transducer can such as pass through hot asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin Fat physical coupling and be thermally coupled to metal master with sense user temperature.In the embodiment comprising projection, sensor can be determined Rigid contact and the thermal coupling of localization of user's skin is arrived in position with offer near projection or in projection.

In a preferred embodiment, (in one embodiment, it can be located at projection to one or more assembly of optical pickocff In, and/or in another embodiment, it can flush with the surface of biometric monitoring arrangement with disposing or place) via not leaking Liquid-tight envelope (that is, prevent liquid enter biometric monitoring arrangement main body in method/mechanism) and be attached, fix, comprise and/ Or it is fastened to biometric monitoring arrangement.Such as, in one embodiment, by metal (such as but not limited to rustless steel, aluminum, magnesium Or titanium) or the device back side made of rigid plastics can provide the hardest to maintain the structural intergrity of device to adapt to sensing simultaneously The structure of the water-tight sealing of device encapsulation.(see, such as, Fig. 2 B to 3C).

In a preferred embodiment, encapsulation or the module of optical pickocff can be connected to by pressure sensitive adhesive and liquid gasket Device.Seeing such as Fig. 3 C, it provides another cross-sectional view of PPG Sensor Implementation.It should be noted that this PPG senses Device does not has projection.Additionally, liquid gasket and/or contact adhesive are in order to prevent liquid from entering apparatus main body.For example, as Fruit is in optical sensor package/need firmer or more durable connection between module and apparatus main body, then it be also possible to use spiral shell Nail, rivet etc..It should be noted that the present embodiment it be also possible to use such as GORE-TEX (Gore-Tex), o ring, sealant, The marine glue such as oils and fats or epoxy resin, hydrophobic diaphragm are by optical sensor package/module fastening or are attached to biometric Monitoring arrangement main body.

As discussed above, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise be placed on skin side or inner side comprise high reflectance The material of characteristic, the most polished rustless steel, reflexive paint and polished plastics.In this way, dissipate from the skin side of device The light penetrated can reflect back into skin such as to improve the signal to noise ratio of optics heartbeat waveform sensor.It practice, with nonreflective The apparatus main body back side of (or less reflexive) is compared, and this increases input optical signal effectively.It should be noted that a reality Executing in example, the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or the color of inner side can be chosen to provide some optical characteristics (such as, instead Penetrate the specific or light of predetermined wavelength), in order to improve the signal about some physiological data type.For example, at biometric In the case of the skin side of monitoring arrangement or inner side are green, it is attributable to the preferred emission of the light of the wavelength corresponding to green light spectrum And strengthen the measurement of heart rate.In the case of the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or inner side are redness, it is attributable to correspondence SpO is strengthened in the preferred emission of light of wavelength of red spectral₂Measurement.In one embodiment, can be according to acquired life Manage the predefined type of data and revise, adjust and/or control the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or the color of inner side.

Figure 11 A describe optics heartbeat waveform sensor example schematic block diagram, wherein light from light source towards the skin of user Skin sends, and this light is sensed by photodetector from the reflection of the skin/body interior of user, from photodetector signal subsequently By A/D converter (ADC) digitized.The intensity (such as, via intensity of light source control module) of light source can be revised to maintain Desirable reflected signal strength.For example, the intensity of light source can be reduced to avoid the output signal from photodetector to satisfy With.As another example, it is possible to increase the intensity of light source to maintain required output valve scope by the output signal from photodetector In.It should be noted that the active control of system can be via linearly or nonlinearly control method (such as, proportional-integral-differential (PID) control, fixed step size control, predictability control, neutral net, delayed, etc.) realize, and it be also possible to use from device In other sensor derive information (such as motion, skin pricktest response, etc.).Figure 11 A is provided to illustrate rather than this little The embodiment of system is limited to the ADC that is such as integrated in MCU or uses MCU in this respect.Other may embodiment comprise Use one or more interiorly or exteriorly ADC, FPGA, ASIC, etc..

In another embodiment, have the system of optics heartbeat waveform sensor may be incorporated into sampling and holding circuit (or etc. Effect thing) use with turn off or decay light source with save power time maintain photodetector output.Photodetector is defeated wherein In the vital embodiment of relative changes (such as, heart rate measurement) gone out, sampling and holding circuit can maintain light to detect The accurate duplication of the output of device.In some cases, sample and keep can simplifying as such as diode (such as, Schottky two pole Pipe) and capacitor.The output of sampling and holding circuit can present to analogue signal regulation circuit (such as, sarin-base (Sallen- Key) band filter, level shifter, and/or gain circuitry) to regulate and to amplify the signal in band of interest (such as, For heart or respiratory function, 0.1Hz to 10Hz), it can then pass through ADC digital.See such as Figure 11 B.

In operation, such as those are opened up at the circuit of circuits described herein topology (such as sampling and holding circuit) Flutter DC and the low frequency component removing signal, and help parsing and heart rate and/or breathe relevant AC component.Embodiment also can comprise Analogue signal for variable gain setting regulates circuit, and it can be controlled to provide suitable signal (such as, unsaturated).Light The Performance Characteristics (such as, the climb rate and/or gain band width product) of source, photodetector and/or sampling and holding and power consumption Analogue signal regulation circuit can be significantly higher than circulate with the rapid operation realizing light source.In certain embodiments, it is provided that to light source And the power of photodetector can be individually controlled to provide excess power to save with the power being supplied to analogue signal regulation circuit. Alternatively or additionally, circuit can use and such as enable, disables and/or the functional power that realizes such as shutdown is saved.Real at another Execute in example, the output of photodetector and/or sampling and holding circuit can except analogue signal regulation circuit in addition to or substitute simulation Circuit for signal conditioning and be sampled controlling the light intensity of light source by ADC or physiological parameter that measurement is paid close attention to (such as, works as mould When plan circuit for signal conditioning is not yet stablized after changing light intensity and setting).It should be noted that because the physiology paid close attention to is believed The intrinsic resolution number being commonly angled relative to ADC is little, the most in certain embodiments, and the reference voltage of adjustable ADC and/or gain With enhancing signal quality and/or ADC can be carried out over sampling.In another embodiment, device can pass through such as over sampling, adjustment The reference voltage of ADC and/or gain or use high resolution A/D C and numeric only sampling and the output of holding circuit.See such as Figure 11 C.

PPG DC removes technology

In another embodiment, sensor device may be incorporated into difference amplifier to amplify relatively changing of the output of photodetector Become.See such as Figure 11 F.In certain embodiments, digital averaging or digital low-pass filtering letter can be deducted from the output of photodetector Number.This modified signal can then be exaggerated, and it is by ADC digital subsequently.In another embodiment, can take via such as using Sample and holding circuit and analogue signal regulate circuit and deduct from the output of photodetector and simulate average or analogue low pass filtering letter Number.The power being supplied to light source, photodetector and difference amplifier can be independent with the power being supplied to analogue signal regulation circuit Ground controls to improve power saving.

In another embodiment, (voltage or electric current, depend on particular sensor can to deduct a signal from original PPG signal Embodiment) to remove any biasing in original PPG signal, and therefore increase containing heart rate (or other loop parameter, such as Changes in heart rate) gain of PPG signal of information or amplify described PPG signal.This signal can be set to default value, base in the factory It is set to a value in particular skin reflexive, absorption and/or the color of user, and/or can be depending on from ambient light sensing Device feedback or depend on that the analysis of PPG signal self changes.For example, if it is determined that PPG signal has big DC skew, So can deduct constant voltage from PPG signal offset to remove DC and realize larger gain, therefore improve PPG signal quality.? In this example, DC skew can result from and arrive the ambient light of photoelectric detector (such as, from the sun or from room from PPG light source Intraoral illumination) or from the light of PPG source reflection.

In another embodiment, difference amplifier may be used to measure the difference between current and previous sample rather than each signal Value.Because the value of each sample is generally much bigger than the difference between each sample, so larger gain can be applied to Each measurement, therefore improves PPG signal quality.Can then integrate described signal to obtain original time domain signal.

In another embodiment, optical detector module may be incorporated into the transimpedance amplifier level with variable gain.This type of is joined Put can avoid or minimize because of bright ambient light and/or from light source launch bright light and saturated.For example, transimpedance is put The gain of big device can be by the rheostat in the negative feedback paths of transimpedance amplifier and/or one group of multiplexing resistor And automatically reduce.In certain embodiments, light by the intensity of light source carries out Modulation and Amplitude Modulation and then can be detected by device The output of device is demodulated (such as, synchronous detecting) and is incorporated to the few optics shielding from ambient light.See such as Figure 11 E.? In other side, if ambient light has enough brightness to obtain heart rate signal, then light source can reduce brightness and/or close completely Fall.

In another embodiment, use aforementioned processing technology with the physiological parameter of optical measurement user combinedly.See Such as Figure 11 G.This topology system can be allowed to operate with low-power measurement state and circuit topology (at where applicable) and optionally and Be suitable to higher-wattage measuring state and circuit topology.For example, system can maintain static user or use simulation during sitting Circuit for signal conditioning measures the physiological parameter (such as, heart rate) paid close attention to reduce power consumption, but direct when User Activity It is switched to the over sampling formula sampling to photodetector output.

During biometric monitoring arrangement comprises the embodiment of heart rate monitor wherein, process signal to obtain heart rate measurement Filtering and/or Signal Regulation, such as bandpass filtering (such as, Butterworth (Butterworth) filtering) can be comprised.For offsetting letter Contingent big transition and/or improve the convergence of described filtering in number, can use such as neutral net or the climb rate to limit Deng nonlinear method.Data (such as motion, skin pricktest response, skin temperature etc.) from the sensor on device may be used to adjust Whole used Signal Regulation method.Under specified operating conditions, can be by the number of the signal peak in time window be carried out Count or by utilizing the fundamental frequency of signal or second harmonic (such as, via fast fourier transform (FFT)) to measure use The heart rate at family.In other cases, the heart rate data such as obtained when user movement, can be to the signal extracted and spectral peak Value performs FFT, and it can be followed by by multiple target tracking device (it, continuing, merge and delete the tracking to described frequency spectrum) It is acted upon.In certain embodiments, motor message can be performed one group of similar operations, and output is used for movable discriminating (such as, sitting, walking, run, sleep, lie down, be seated, cycle, typewrite, the training of elliptical exercise, body weight), they are many in order to assist Target tracker.For example, with this information it is possible to determine user maintains static and have started to mobile.This information may be used to preferentially make tracking continue Continue and be partially deflected in increasing frequency.Similarly, movable descriminator can determine that user stops running or the most more slowly running, and this Information may be used to preferentially make tracking continue to be partially deflected in reducing frequency.Available single sweep or many scanning multiple target tracking device topologys Realize following the tracks of, such as JPDA tracker, multiple hypotheis tracking, immediate neighbor, etc..Can be via Kalman Wave filter, spline regression, particle filter, Interacting Multiple Model Algorithm etc. complete the estimation in tracker and prediction.Follow the tracks of Selector module can use the output trajectory from multiple spectra tracker and the heart rate of estimation user.Described estimation can be taken as maximum Probability track, the weighted sum etc. compareing the probability that it is heart rate of track.Additionally, movable descriminator can affect acquisition heart rate The selection estimated and/or fusion.For example, if user sleeps, is seated, lies down or sitting, then prior probability can The heart rate in 40 to 80bpm scopes can be partial to；And if user runs, jogs or carries out other strenuous exercise, then Prior probability may be partial to the heart rate of the rising in 90 to 180bpm scopes.The impact of movable descriminator can speed based on user Degree.When user does not moves, estimate to shift to the fundamental frequency (or being obtained completely) of signal by it.Can change based on instruction activity The criterion become selects the track corresponding to user's heart rate；For example, if user from maintain static start walking, then can be excellent First select the track of the explanation skew towards upper frequency.

The acquisition of good heart rate signal or can carry out wired with biometric monitoring arrangement via biometric monitoring arrangement Or the display on another device (such as, being equipped with the low-energy mobile phone of bluetooth) of radio communication is indicated to user.? In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise S meter, and it is by the pulse of the LED that can be inspected by user Represent.Pulse can be timed or relevant consistent with the heart beating with user.The intensity of LED, pulse rates and/or color can be through repairing Change or adjust to imply signal intensity.For example, relatively bright LED intensity can represent stronger signal or be in RGB LED Configuration, green LED can represent stronger signal.

In certain embodiments, signal energy (such as, quadratic sum) in the frequency band of such as 0.5Hz to 4Hz can be passed through Determine the intensity of heart rate signal.In other embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can have and may be incorporated into or construction is to shell And/or strain gauge in belt, pressure transducer, force transducer, or other contact indication sensor (monitors dress at biometric Put those enforcements being attached to belt (such as wrist-watch, bracelet and/or arm straps) or pacifying with belt (it can be then secured to user) In example).Can be solely based on from the data of these touch sensors or combine and carry out signal calculated from the data of heart rate signal Quality metric (such as, heart rate signal quality).

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can via photodetector array (such as photodiode or The grid of CCD camera) monitor heart rate optically.Can via to the signature tracking of skin and/or use accelerometer and The Optical devices motion relative to skin is followed the tracks of in the adaptive motion correction of gyroscope.Detector array can with contact skin or From the distance that skin skew is little.Can actively control (such as, passing through motor) detector array and associated optics thereof with Maintain the stable image of target and obtain heart rate signal.The information from motion sensor (such as, gyroscope) or figure can be used As feature realizes this optical-mechanical stabilisation.In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use and illuminate skin Relevant or incoherent light source and photodetector array (each of which photoelectric detector with for comparing between adjacent detector Intensity (thus obtaining so-called spot pattern, it can use multiple image trace technology to be followed the tracks of, such as light stream, template Join, Edge track etc.) comparator be associated) implement relative motion and eliminate.In this embodiment, for the light of motion tracking Source may differ from the light source for optics heart rate monitor.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can be by multiple photoelectric detectors of the surface distributed along device And luminous organ (photoemitter) composition, skin (that is, the skin of biometric monitoring arrangement of described device touching user Side).(see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 6A).For example, in the example of bracelet, can exist and be placed on along belt internal circumference Multiple photoelectric detectors in each site and luminous organ.(see, such as, Fig. 6 A).The heart rate signal matter being associated with each site Metric may be calculated to determine for estimating the optimal of user's heart rate or one group of optimal site.Subsequently, can disable or turn off institute Some in rheme point are such as to reduce power consumption.Device can periodically survey some or all in described site at Heart rate signal quality is to strengthen, to monitor and/or optimize signal and/or power efficiency.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise heart rate monitor system, and it comprises such as optics, sound Multiple sensors such as, pressure, electricity (such as, ECG or EKG) and motion, and merge from these sensors both or two Information more than person is to provide estimating and/or alleviating by the noise of exercise induced of heart rate.

In addition to heart rate monitor (or other biometric monitor) or substitute heart rate monitor (or other biometric monitors), In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff with sudden and violent based on optical condition tracking or detection ultraviolet light The time of dew, whole outdoor optical exposure and persistent period, the type of light source and the persistent period of light source and intensity, (fluorescent light was sudden and violent Dew, incandescent light expose, halogen, etc.), to TV exposure (based on light type and flicker speed), user still exists in indoor Outdoor, time of day and position.In one embodiment, ultraviolet light detecting sensors can be by the reverse bias being driven to photodetector LED emitter forms.For example, the feature of photoelectric current that thus detector produces may be in measuring the electric capacity of LED and (or substitutes Ground, parallel capacitance) discharge the time spent.

All optical pickocffs discussed herein can use in conjunction with other sensor to improve data as described above Detection or in order to strengthen the detection of other type of physiology or environmental data.

In the case of biometric monitoring arrangement comprises audio frequency or passive acoustic sensor, device can contain one or more Passive acoustic sensor, its detection sound and pressure and can be including but not limited to mike, piezoelectric film etc..Acoustic sensor can be pacified Put on one or more side of device, comprise touching or towards the side (skin side) of skin and the side (ring of Environment Oriented Side, border).

Skin side acoustics or audio sensor can detect any kind of sound sent via health, and these a little sensors Can arrange as the array of noise when both the power consumptions optimizing these a little sensors or pattern.These sensors can detect and exhale Inhale (such as, by listening attentively to lung), Breathiness (such as, breathe, snore) and problem (such as, sleep apnea, etc.), heart rate The voice (sound via sending through health from vocal cords) of (listening attentively to heart beating), user.

The biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can comprise skin pricktest response (GSR) circuit to measure the skin pair of user Emotion and physical stimulation or the response of physiological change (such as, the transformation of Sleep stages).In certain embodiments, biometric prison View apparatus can be wrist or arm peace formula device, and its belt being incorporated to be made up of conductive rubber or fabric is so that skin pricktest rings Answer electrode can be hidden in belt.Because skin pricktest response circuit can suffer from changing temperature and environmental condition, so It also can comprise the circuit realizing automatically calibrating, such as with application on human skin/electrode path in parallel or series two or two The most changeable reference resistor, it allows the measurement in real time to known resistance device to characterize the response of skin pricktest response circuit. Reference resistor can be switched on and off so that can be independently and/or with the resistance of application on human skin simultaneously to it in measuring route Measure.

For performing the circuit of PPG

PPG circuit can be optimized to obtain best quality signal, and independent of multiple environmental condition, including but not limited to fortune Dynamic, ambient light and the colour of skin.Circuits below and technology may be used to perform this and optimize (see Figure 16 A to 16J)；

-can be used for sampling and holding circuit and the difference/instrument amplifier of PPG sensing.Output signal is with reference to given Amplified difference between the current and previous sample of voltage.

-in order to " to bias " controlled current source of electric current in the precompensation of transimpedance amplifier.This allows to amplify in transimpedance Larger gain is applied at device level.

-it is used for being applied to sampling and the holding circuit of the current feedback of photodiode (before transimpedance amplifier). This can be used for ambient light and removes, or " biasing " electric current removes, or is used as pseudo-differential amplifier (may need double track).

-there is difference/instrument amplifier that ambient light eliminates.

The photodiode of the electric current that-compensation is dynamically produced by DAC.

The photodiode of the electric current that-compensation is dynamically produced by controlled voltage source.

-use the ambient light of " switched capacitor " method to remove.

The photoelectricity two of the electric current (also can be completed by constant voltage source and resistor) that-compensation is produced by constant current source Pole is managed.

-ambient light removes and differencing between continuous sample.

Figure 16 A explanation can be used for the sampling of PPG sensing and the example signal of holding circuit and difference/instrument amplifier Figure.Output signal in this type of circuit can be with reference to the amplified difference between current sample and the previous sample of given voltage.

Figure 16 B explanation uses controlled current source " to bias " the PPG sensor of electric current in the precompensation of transimpedance amplifier The example schematic of circuit.This allows to apply larger gain at transimpedance amplifier level.

Figure 16 C explanation is used for being applied to photodiode (across resistance for use sampling and the holding circuit of PPG sensor Before anti-amplifier) the example schematic of circuit of current feedback.This circuit can be used for ambient light and removes, or " biasing " electric current Remove, or be used as pseudo-differential amplifier.

Filed in 28 days February in 2014 No. 61/946,439 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is discussed in greater detail and relates to Using various circuit and the concept of the heart rate measurement of PPG sensor, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is previously at " related application The cross reference of case " part is incorporated by reference, and relative to the heart rate measurement carried out with PPG sensor and use In perform this type of measure (such as) to compensate that sensor is saturated, ambient light and the circuit of the colour of skin, method and system content again It is incorporated by reference herein.

Biometric feeds back

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can provide a user with feedback based on one or more biometric signal. In one embodiment, PPG signal can as real-time or close to real-time waveform on the display of biometric monitoring arrangement (or on the display of the auxiliary device communicated with described biometric monitoring arrangement) presents to user.This waveform can provide with The feedback that display waveform on ECG or EKG machine is similar.May be used to estimate various cardiac measure (such as, except providing a user with Heart rate) PPG signal instruction outside, described waveform may also provide feedback, and described feedback can allow users to optimize it and wear Wear position and the pressure of biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, user is it can be seen that waveform has short arc.In response to this, use Family can attempt to move to provide by the position of biometric monitoring arrangement the diverse location of higher amplitudes signal.Some embodiment party In case, indicating based on this, biometric monitoring arrangement can provide instructions to user and monitor dress with mobile or adjustment biometric The fit put is to improve signal quality.

In another embodiment, the matter about PPG signal can be provided a user with via the method being different from display waveform The feedback of amount.If signal quality (such as signal to noise ratio) exceedes a certain threshold value, then biometric monitoring arrangement can send audition Report to the police (such as buzzer).Visual cues (such as, via using display) can be supplied to user by biometric monitoring arrangement The pressure of position and/or increase wearable device to change sensor (such as, passes through in the case of device is worn in wrist Tension wrist strap).

Biometric feedback can be provided for the sensor being different from PPG sensor.For example, if device uses ECG, EMG or be connected to the device of any one performing in these, then it can provide a user with about from those sensors The feedback of waveform.If the signal to noise ratio of these sensors is low or signal quality is impaired because of other reason, then may indicate that use Family its how can improve described signal.For example, if heart rate can not be detected from ECG sensor, then device can to Family provides visual message, indicates its moistening or ECG electrode of getting wet to improve signal.

Environmental sensor

Some embodiments of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use in following environmental sensor, some Or all come such as to obtain environmental data, comprise the environmental data summarized in the following table.These a little biometric monitoring arrangements do not limit In number or the type of the sensor hereafter specified, and can use and obtain other sensor of the environmental data of general introduction in following table. Environmental sensor and/or all combinations of environmental data and arrange set falling within the scope of the present invention.Additionally, device can be from right Induction sensor output data derive environmental data, but are not limited to its environmental data type that can derive from described sensor.

It should be noted that the embodiment of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use environmentally sensitive as herein described One or many person in device or one or many person in biosensor whole and as herein described or whole.It practice, the present invention Biometric monitoring arrangement can use any sensor that is currently known or that develop after a while obtain environmental data as herein described and In physiological data any one or all, it is the most set falls within the scope of the present invention.

In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise the height being such as placed in or being positioned within crust of the device Degree flowmeter sensor.(see, such as, Figure 12 B and 12C；Figure 12 C explanation has biosensor, environmental sensor and is connected to process The example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the position sensor of device).In the case, crust of the device can have ventilation Mouthful, it allows device internal measurement, detects, samples and/or experience any change of external pressure.In one embodiment, logical Air port can prevent water from entering device, simultaneously facilitates the change via altimeter sensor measurement, detection and/or sampling pressure.Lift For example, the outer surface of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise vent type configuration or framework (such as, Gore^TMVent), It allows surrounding air to move in and out the shell of device, and (it allows altimeter sensor measurement, detection and/or sampling pressure Change), but reduce, prevent and/or minimize water and other liquid flow in the shell of device.

In one embodiment, altimeter sensor can be with gel-filled, and described gel allows sensor to experience at gel Outside pressure change.Gel may act as the most impermeable, incompressible and flexible barrier film, and external pressure is changed by it It is transmitted into altimeter and is physically separated altimeter (and other intraware) and external environment condition simultaneously.Use gel-filled altimeter The environmental conservation of higher level can be given to device in the case of using or do not use environmental sealing vent.Device can be solidifying Glue packed height meter has relatively high viability in the case of being in the position including but not limited to following position (survivability rate): there is the position of high humility, washing machine, dish-washing machine, dryer, vaporium or sauna chamber, pouring Bath, pond, bathtub and device are likely to be exposed at dampness, are exposed to liquid or any position being immersed in liquid.

Sensor integration/signal processing

Some embodiments of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use from two or more sensors Data be calculated as follows the corresponding physiology seen in table or environmental data (such as, use combinedly from two or two with The data of upper sensor determine the tolerance of the tolerance being such as listed herein below).Biometric monitoring arrangement can be including but not limited to The number of the sensor hereafter specified, type or combination.Additionally, these a little biometric monitoring arrangements can combine from respective sensor Derive the data that comprised, but be not limited to the number of data or the type that can go out from respective sensor combination calculation.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement also can comprise near-field communication (NFC) receiver/transmitter with inspection Measure the proximity of another devices such as such as mobile phone.When make biometric monitoring arrangement close to the second device or reach with During the detected nearness of the second device, it can trigger and start new functionalized (such as, startup on mobile phone on the second device " application program " and make the physiological data radio synchronization from described device to the second device).(see, such as, Figure 10).Real On border, the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can implement U.S. Provisional Patent Application case 61/ filed in 5 days March in 2012 606,559 (" near field communication system and operational approach (Near Field Communication System, and Method Of Operating Same) ", inventor: James Parker (James Park), its content for this this purpose to quote Mode is incorporated herein) described in and/or explanation circuit and technology in any one.

Figure 10 illustrates to have on it example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of bicycle application program, described voluntarily Car application program can show bicycle speed and/or the step of pedal and other tolerance.Whenever biometric monitoring arrangement During close to passive or active NFC labelling, described application program can be started.This NFC labelling could attach to the handlebar of user.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise position sensor (such as, GPS circuitry) and heart beating ripple Shape sensor (such as, photoelectricity volume diagram circuit) is to produce GPS or location dependent data and heart rate related data respectively.(see, example As, Figure 12 B and 12C).Biometric monitoring arrangement can then merge, process and/or combine from the two sensor/circuit Data such as to come really according to physiological data (such as, heart rate, anxiety, level of activation, amount of sleep and/or calorie are taken in) Determine, be correlated with and/or " mapping " geographic region.In this way, the recognizable increase of biometric monitoring arrangement or reduction can measure user The geographic region of tolerance (taking in including but not limited to heart rate, anxiety, level of activation, amount of sleep and/or calorie).

Additionally or alternati, some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can use GPS related data and photoelectricity volume Figure related data (it should be noted that each of which person is regarded as data stream) comes according to level of activation (such as, as passed through The acceleration of user, speed, position and/or travel distance (as measured by GPS and/or determining from GPS related data) are come really Fixed) determine the heart rate of user or make it be correlated with.(see, such as, Figure 12 B and 12C).Herein, in one embodiment, can for The heart rate become with speed " is marked and drawed " at family, or described data can be analyzed to varying level, including but not limited to sleep, tranquillization, for a long time Seat, moderately active, activity, and high activity.

It practice, some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement also can make GPS related data and predetermined geographic locality (tool Have the activity associated there for one group of predetermined condition) data base be correlated with.For example, activity determines and corresponding physiology Classification (such as, heart rate classification) can comprise makes the GPS coordinate of user (corresponding to exercise device, health club and/or gymnasium Position) relevant to physiological data.In these cases, can automatically measure and show the use during such as gymnasium body-building Family heart rate.It should be noted that many physiological classifications can based on GPS related data, comprise position, acceleration, height above sea level, away from From and/or speed.This type of data base comprises geodata, and can compile, physiology data and/or store it in biometer On amount monitoring arrangement and/or external computing device.It practice, in one embodiment, himself positional number of user creatable According to storehouse or interpolation or location revision data base, preferably to classify, it is movable.

In another embodiment, user can wear multiple biometric monitoring arrangement simultaneously and (has feature as herein described In any one).The biometric monitoring arrangement of this embodiment can use wired or wireless circuit to communicate with one another or fill with long-range Put communication, be the most otherwise likely difficult to calculate or calculate inaccurate biometric or physiology quality or amount to calculate, Such as pulsation conduction time.The use of multiple sensors also can improve biometric measure accuracy and/or degree of accuracy make it It is better than accuracy and/or the degree of accuracy of single sensor.For example, waist, wrist and ankle have biometric with Track device can improve the detection (than the situation of the single assembly in the only one in those positions) taking a step user.Permissible Distributed or centralized approach follows the tracks of execution signal processing on device at biometric to be had than the situation of single assembly to provide The measurement improved.Also can remotely perform this signal processing and after the treatment pass on return to biometric follow the tracks of device.

In another embodiment, heart rate or other biometric data can be made to be related to the food daily record of user, and (user takes the photograph Food, its nutritional contents and the daily record of part thereof taken).Food journal entries can automatically key in food daily record or can be by user Itself via with biometric monitoring arrangement (or the auxiliary that communicate with biometric monitoring arrangement or remote-control device, such as intelligent Phone, or some other devices, such as server communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement) mutual and key in.About user The information of the biometric reaction that one or more food is inputted by health can present to user.For example, if user drinks coffee Coffee, then its heart rate is likely to be due to coffee thus rises.In another example, the bigger portion of food if the user while the late into the night takes food Point, then it may take longer for falling asleep than usual.Food in biometric inputs any group with corresponding result Conjunction is incorporated in this type of feedback system.

The fusion of food intake data and biometric data also can make some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement The glucose level of user can be estimated.This may be particularly useful for the user suffering from diabetes.By relating to Portugal The activity (such as walking, running, caloric burn) of grape sugar level and user and the algorithm of nutrition intake, biometric monitors dress Put and can advise when it is likely to be of abnormal blood sugar level to user.

Process task delegation

The embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise one or more processor.For example, stand-alone utility Processor may be used to storage and execution utilizes and (processed by one or more sensor processor and pass from physiology, environment and/or activity The processor of the data of sensor) application program of sensing data that obtains and process.There are the feelings of multiple sensor wherein Under condition, it is also possible to there is multiple sensor processor.Application processor also can have the sensor being directly connected to it.Pass Sensor and application processor can exist as independent discrete chip or be present in identical encapsulated chip (multi-core).Dress Put and can have single application processor, or application processor and sensor processor, or multiple application program processes Device and sensor processor.

In one embodiment, sensor processor can be placed in the daughter board being made up of all simulated assemblies (daughterboard) on.This plate can have some in the electronic device being commonly found on main PCB, such as but not limited to across Impedance amplifier, filter circuit, horizontal shift device, sampling and holding circuit and micro controller unit.This type of configuration can allow son Card connects via use numeral and non-analog connects (in addition to the electric power or grounding connection of any necessity) and is connected to main PCB.Numeral connects and can have and be better than the multiple advantage that analog submodule card connects to main PCB, including but not limited to noise reduction And the reduction of necessity cable number.Daughter board can be connected to mainboard via using flexible cable or one group of wire.

Multiple application programs are storable in application processor.Application program can by for described application program can Actuating code and data composition, but it is not limited to these.Data can be by the figure performed needed for described application program or out of Memory group Become, and it can be the information output produced by application program.All can be resident for both the executable code of application program and data In application processor (or the memorizer being incorporated in), or the data being used for application program can store from external memory storage And retrieval.External memory storage can be deposited including but not limited to the flash memory on nand flash memory, NOR flash memory, another processor, other solid-state Storage device, machinery or optical disc, RAM, etc..

Executable code for application program is also storable in external memory storage.Hold when application processor receives During the request of row application program, described application processor can from external memory retrieval executable code and/or data and Perform described executable code and/or data.Described executable code can temporarily or permanently be stored in depositing of application processor On reservoir or storage device.This allows application program next should to perform request and be more quickly performed, because eliminating retrieval step Suddenly.When request performs application program, application processor can retrieve all executable codes or the executable code of application program Part.In the case of the latter, only retrieve in the executable code part needed at that time.This allows to perform to process than application program The memorizer of device or the big application program of storage device.

Application processor also can have memory protection feature to prevent application program from overriding, destroy, interrupt, blocking Or otherwise disturb other assembly of other application program, sensing system, application processor or system.

Application program can be machine-processed (including but not limited to USB, Wi-Fi, indigo plant via multiple wired, wireless, optics or electric capacity Tooth, bluetooth are low-yield, NFC, RFID, purple honeybee) be loaded on application processor and/or any external memory.

Application program can also be used with electronic signature and cryptographically signs.Application program can be performed restriction by application processor In those people with correct signature.

The system integration in biometric monitoring arrangement

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, in biometric monitoring arrangement or some sensors or electricity Subsystem the most integrated maybe can share assembly or resource.For example, for the Photoelectric Detection of optics heartbeat waveform sensor Device (such as can be used for application on February 28th, 2014 and No. 61/946,439 U.S. being previously incorporated herein by reference In the heart rate sensor discussed in state's temporary patent application case), can also act as the Photoelectric Detection for determining ambient light level Device, such as, may be used to correct the ambient light impact on heartbeat waveform sensor reading.For example, if examined for this type of heart rate The light source surveying device is turned off, then the light measured by described photoelectric detector may indicate that the amount of existing ambient light.

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric monitoring arrangement can use such as optics heart rate The vehicle-mounted optical pickocff such as the assembly in monitor is configured or is communicated.For example, optics heart rate sensor (or, If it does, ambient light sensor) photoelectric detector can also act as optical emitting channel (such as infrared communication) Receptor.

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, can comprise hybrid antenna, a combination thereof radio-frequency antenna is (such as Bluetooth antenna or gps antenna) and inductive loop (such as can be used in near-field communication (NFC) labelling or inductive charging system).At this In a little embodiments, the functional of two different systems may be provided in an integrated system, thus saves encapsulation volume.At this In class hybrid antenna, inductive loop can be placed to the irradiator close proximity to inverted-F antenna.Described inductive loop can be inductively Couple with irradiator, thus allow described inductive loop to serve as the flat elements of antenna for radio frequency purpose, thus formed the most flat Smooth inverted-F antenna.Meanwhile, inductive loop also can serve its normal function, such as via with the electromagnetic field produced by NFC reader Inductive and provide NFC chip by electric current.The example of these a little hybrid antenna systems was discussed in more detail in March, 2014 In 61/948th, No. 470 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case filed in 5 days, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is previously " to phase Close the cross reference of application case " part is incorporated herein by reference and the most hereby about at hybrid antenna structure The content pointed out and be herein incorporated by reference.Certainly, these a little hybrid antennas can be additionally used in and are different from biometric monitoring arrangement Other electronic installation in, and hybrid antenna this type of non-biometric monitoring arrangement use contain within the scope of the invention.

The method of wearable device

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise shell, and its size and shape promote to monitor biometric Device is being fixed to the health of user during often operation, wherein said device when being coupled to user immeasurably or substantially Ground affects the activity of user.Described biometric monitoring arrangement can be depending on the specific biography being integrated in biometric monitoring arrangement Sensor encapsulation and user will want the data obtained to wear by different way.

User can be by using belt (its be flexibility and be the most easily fitted to user) and by the biometer of the present invention Some embodiments of amount monitoring arrangement are worn on its wrist or ankle (or arm or lower limb).Described belt can have adjustable full circle In week, it is therefore allowed to be fitted to user.Described belt can be formed by the material construction shunk when being exposed to heat, therefore allows user Set up the adaptation of customization.Described belt can be from " electronic device " partial dismantling of biometric monitoring arrangement and if desired can be more Change.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be made up of two primary clusterings: main body is (containing " electronics device Part ") and belt (promotion attaches a device to user).Described main body can comprise shell (such as by plastics or plastic-like material system Become) and from the prominent extension protuberance (being such as made up of metal or metal-like material) of main body.(see, such as, Fig. 2 C to 3C).Institute Stating belt (being such as made up) of thermoplasticity amido formate can the most mechanically or adherent fashion is attached to health.Described band Son can extend a part from the circumference of user's wrist.The far-end of amido formate belt can be with Velcro or shackle elastic fabric Belt (encompass on side D-ring and then attachment return to self) connect.In this embodiment, closing means can allow to use Family ad infinitum carries out belt length adjustment (be different from index hole and mechanical snap is closed).Velcro or elastic fabric can allow It is replaced (such as, if it was worn before the useful end of life of device or the most undesirably wears Wear) mode be attached to belt.In one embodiment, Velcro or fabric can be by screw or rivet and/or glue, bondings Agent and/or buckle are attached to belt.

The embodiment of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can be integrated into and be worn on necklace, pectoral girdle, medicated bra, adhesion In property sticking patch, glass, earing or toestraps of yacht (toe band).These a little biometric monitoring arrangements can be the most built-in: passes The part of sensor encapsulation/biometric monitoring arrangement is removable and can be including but not limited to those listed above mode Any number of mode wear.

In another embodiment, the embodiment of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can clip to dress through wearing Or leave in clothes (such as, pocket) or ornament (such as, handbag, knapsack, wallet).Because these a little biometrics monitor Device can be not close to the skin of user, so in the embodiment comprising heart rate measurement, manually can be put by device by user In AD HOC (such as, by pressing the button, cover capacitive touch sensor with finger tip, etc., be likely to be of be embedded in by Heartbeat waveform sensor in button/sensor) and in discrete, " by demand " context or automatically (once user is by device It is placed on skin (such as, finger is applied to optics heartbeat waveform sensor)) obtain and measure.

User interface with device

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise for allowing locally or remotely mutual with device One or more method functional.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can pass on data via character display with visual manner.This The physical embodiments of display can use any one or more Display Techniques, including but not limited to one or many in the following Person: LED, LCD, AMOLED, electric ink, clear Display Technique, pictorial displays, and other Display Technique, such as TN, HTN, STN, FSTN, TFT, IPS and OLET.This display can be illustrated on device this locality obtain or storage data maybe can show from The data that other device or Internet service remotely obtain.Biometric monitoring arrangement can use sensor, and (such as, ambient light passes Sensor " ALS ") control or adjust the amount (if use backlight) of screen backlight.For example, in poorly lit situation, display Device adjustable dark is to save battery life, and in bright lighting context, display brightness can increase so that its be easier to by User reads.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use the monochromatic or multi-colored led state indicating device.Raw The state that thing metering monitoring arrangement can use LED to indicate including but not limited to biometric states such as such as hearts rate or such as can pass Enter message or reached the Application Status of target etc..These states can be opened or closed by the color of LED, LED and (or be in centre Intensity), the pulse (and/or its speed) of LED and/or indicate from the light intensity pattern being completely turned off maximum brightness.One In individual embodiment, stage and the frequency of LED available subscribers heart rate modulate its intensity and/or color.

In certain embodiments, use electronic ink display display can be allowed to remain up and without nonreflective display The battery drain of device.This " normally opened " is functional can (wherein user can sweep biometric simply at such as wrist-watch application program Monitoring arrangement is to see the time) in the case of pleasant Consumer's Experience is provided.Electronic ink display shows content all the time And do not damage the battery life of device, thus user is allowed to see the time (as it is on conventional wristwatch).

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can use the light such as such as LED (to pass through to the heart rate showing user The amplitude of the light that modulation sends with the frequency of user's heart rate).Described device can via the color (such as, green, red) of LED or The a succession of LED (such as, progress bar) lighted according to the change of heart rate describe heart rate district (such as, aerobic, anaerobism, Deng).Biometric monitoring arrangement can be integrated or be incorporated in another device or the structure of such as glass or protective eye lens, or and glass Or protective eye lens communication is to be shown to user by this information.

Information also can be conveyed to user via the physical motion of device by some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement.Thing This type of embodiment of the method for reason ground mobile device is for using vibration induction motor.Device can the most multiple its Its exercise induced technology uses the method.

In some embodiments, information can be conveyed to user via audible feedback by biometric monitoring arrangement.Citing For, the speaker in biometric monitoring arrangement can pass on letter via using audio tones, voice, song or other sound Breath.

In the various embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, these three information communicating method (vision, motion and audition ) can individually or with each other or pass on any combination of another method for conveying of any one or more following information to make With:

● user needs to wake up up at special time

● user should wake up up at which when a certain Sleep stages

● user should fall asleep sometime

● user should at which in a certain Sleep stages and be in by user intend to wake up the earliest and latest time delimit Preselected time window in time wake up up.

● receive Email

● user's inertia reaches the cycle sometime.It should be noted that this can with such as calendar of conference or sleep with Other application program of track application program is integrated to plan, to simplify or adjust the behavior that inertia is reminded.

● user's activity reaches the cycle sometime

● user has appointment or calendar event

● user has reached a certain activity metric

● user has walked about a certain distance

● user has reached a certain mileage

● user has reached a certain speed

● user has accumulated and has reached a certain height above sea level

● user has walked a certain step number

● user has carried out heart rate measurement the most

● user's heart rate has reached certain level

● user has for particular value or normal, the movable or resting heart rate in particular range

● the heart rate of user has been enter into or exits a certain target zone or training center

● user has new heart rate " district " target to be reached, in said case for living for run, cycle, swimming etc. The heart rate district of dynamic training

● user has swum an one way or complete the one way of a certain number in pond

● it is arbitrary that external device (ED) has in the information needing to convey to user, the most incoming call or above prompting Person

● user has reached a certain tired target or the limit.In one embodiment, can respond via heart rate, skin pricktest, The combination of motion sensor and/or breath data determines fatigue

Thering is provided these examples to illustrate that and be not intended to restriction can be by these a little embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement Pass on the scope of the information of (such as, to user).Note, in order to determine whether that the data meeting alert condition can be from first device And/or one or more auxiliary device obtains.Biometric monitoring arrangement self can be determined whether to have met the criterion for reminding Or condition.Or, the calculating device (such as, server and/or mobile phone) communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that When should remind.In view of the present invention, those skilled in the art is it is contemplated that biometric monitoring arrangement can convey to use The out of Memory at family.For example, when meeting target, biometric monitoring arrangement can be with telex network.Meet this target Criterion can be based on the environmental sensor on physiology, context and first device and/or from its of one or more auxiliary device Its sensing data.Can be set by the user or by biometric monitoring arrangement self and/or can lead to biometric monitoring arrangement Another of letter calculates device (such as, server) target setting.In an example embodiment, when meeting biometric target, Biometric monitoring arrangement can vibrate.

Some embodiments of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can be equipped with wireless and/or wire communication circuit with reality Time ground on auxiliary device video data.For example, these a little biometric monitoring arrangements can via bluetooth low-yield with Mobile phone communications is to give the user the Real-time Feedback of heart rate, changes in heart rate and/or anxiety.These a little biometrics monitor dress Put and can train or permit " moment " that user breathes with the ad hoc fashion (such as by carrying out deep and slow respiration) of keeping tensions down. Anxiety can be quantified or come via the change of heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin temperature, motor activity data and/or skin pricktest response Assessed.

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can connect from user via one or more Local or Remote input method Receive input.This kind of embodiment for local user's input can use a sensor or one group of sensor the movement of user to be turned Translate the order of twin installation.This bit motion can comprise but can be not limited to touch by, rotate wrist, bend one or more muscle, and pendulum Arm.Another user input method can be via using button, such as but not limited to capacitive touch button, capacitive screen button And mechanical button.In one embodiment, user interface buttons can be made of metal.Screen uses capacitance touch inspection wherein Survey embodiment in, its can sample all the time and be ready to any posture or input are responded and without getting involved event, such as Promote physical button.These a little biometric monitoring arrangements also can input via using voice command.All these input sides Method can be in this locality be integrated into biometric monitoring arrangement or be integrated into can be via wired or wireless connection and these a little biometrics In the remote-control device of monitoring arrangement communication.Additionally, user is also possible to handle biometric monitoring arrangement via remote-control device. In one embodiment, this remote-control device can have Internet Connectivity.

Alarm

In certain embodiments, the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention may act as wrist peace formula vibration alarm with peace Geostationary user is waken up up from sleep.These a little biometric monitoring arrangements can be via heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, fortune Innervation is surveyed the one in (such as, accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer) and skin temperature or combination and is followed the tracks of the sleep matter of user Amount, wake-up period, sleep delay, Sleep efficiency, Sleep stages (such as, deep sleep and REM), and/or other sleep degree of association Amount.User may specify required time of fire alarming or time window (such as, setting alarm to sound) at 7 in the morning and 8 a.m..These are a little Embodiment can use one or many person in sleep tolerance to determine in window annunciator Best Times to wake up user up.An enforcement In example, when vibration alarm activity, user can by device, (it be such as via the motion-sensing in device by bouncing or touching Device, pressure/force sensor and/or capacitive touch sensor and detect) and cause its retire or turn off.An embodiment In, device can start small vibration by the time at specific user's Sleep stages or before alarm settings and attempt in sleep The best time in cycle wakes user.It can be along with user be towards awakening or being gradually increased vibration towards alarm settings progress Intensity or explicitly.(see, such as, Fig. 8).

Fig. 8 illustrated example portable biometric measures the functional of monitoring arrangement intelligent alarm feature.Biometric monitors dress Put to detect and can detect the Sleep stages of user or the state (device of (such as, shallow or deep sleep) or can be with described device Communication.User can set its time window hope waken up (such as, 6:15 in the morning to 6:45 in the morning).Intelligent alarm can be by user During window annunciator, enter sleeping state and trigger.

Biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to allow user to select or creates its warning vibration mode selected.User Can " doze off " or delayed alarm event.In one embodiment, user can set the delay for " dozing off " feature Amount: described delay is to report to the police the time quantum before again sounding.It is also possible to set every alarm cycle and can activate and beat The number of times of doze feature.For example, user may select 5 minutes doze off postpone and be 3 maximum doze off continuously number.Therefore, It can press doze off 3 times with when every time pressing is dozed off with delayed alarm for it by presignal delay 5 minutes.At this in a little embodiments, Dozing off the 4th time if user attempts pressing, function of dozing off will not turn off warning.

Some biometric monitoring arrangements can have the calendar about user and/or the information of scheduling.The calendar letter of user Breath can directly key in biometric monitoring arrangement or it can be downloaded from different device (such as smart phone).This information may be used to certainly Set warning or warning characteristic dynamicly.For example, if the user while to have a meeting in the morning 9, then biometric monitoring arrangement Can automatically the morning 7:30 wake up up user with allow user have enough time prepare and/or arrive meeting.Biometric monitors Device can current location based on user, the position of meeting and from the current location of user arrive meeting position will take for time The area of a room determines the time quantum needed for user's preliminary conference.Or, can use and arrive conference location about user and/or prepare Send out and go to time that meeting spent the history number of (such as, it is waken up in the morning, has a shower, the time spent such as has breakfast) Wake up user up according to determining when.Similar functionality can be used for being different from the calendar event of meeting, such as when eating time, sleep Between, nap time and exercise time.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can use and want the information when fallen asleep to determine about user When warning should sound to wake up user up.This information can supplement calendar information as herein described.User can have its every night or The target of hourage of substantially sleeping desired weekly.Biometric monitoring arrangement can by morning alarm settings in appropriate time with User is made to meet these sleep targets.In addition to user is in desired every night length of one's sleep amount, user also can set other Sleep target can including but not limited to user sleep time experience deep sleep, REM sleep and hypohyphnotic amount, all these can The most when warning is set in order to determine by biometric monitoring arrangement.Additionally, can when it should go up night prompting user Bed sleep is to meet its sleep target.Additionally, can remind user when it should take a nap to meet its sleep target in the daytime.Remind Its time that should take a nap of user can be by optimizing the factor of user's sleep quality during nap, follow-up nap or nighttime sleep Determine.For example, if the user while nap in early morning, then user may have rigid time of sleep at night.Also may be used Suggestion user eats some food or beverage or avoids some food or beverage to optimize its sleep quality.For example, may not User is encouraged to drink when close to its bedtime, because ethanol may reduce its sleep quality.Also can advise that user performs certain Some movable or avoid some activity to optimize its sleep quality.For example, user may be encouraged to change in the afternoon performing physical exercise Its sleep quality kind.User may not be encouraged to perform physical exercise when close to its bedtime or see that TV is to improve its sleep matter Amount.

User interface with auxiliary device

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement data and/or order can be transmitted into auxiliary electronic device and/ Or receive data and/or order from auxiliary electronic device.Auxiliary electronic device can monitor dress with biometric directly or indirectly Put communication.Direct communication in this article refers to data and launches between first device and auxiliary device and do not have dress in the middle of any Put.For example, two devices can communicate with one another via wireless connections (such as bluetooth) or wired connection (such as USB).Indirectly Communication refers to that (it relays described number to data by means of one or more centres the 3rd device between first device and auxiliary device According to) transmitting.3rd device can be including but not limited to wireless repeater (such as, WiFi transponder), calculating device, such as intelligence Phone, laptop computer, desktop or tablet PC, mobile phone tower, computer server and the electronic device of other networking. For example, biometric device can transmit data to smart phone, and described smart phone is via cellular network data even Connect the server forwarded said data to via Internet connection to described cellular network.

In certain embodiments, the auxiliary device of the user interface acting as biometric monitoring arrangement can be by smart phone Composition.Application program on smart phone can promote and/or make smart phone to potentially act as biometric monitoring arrangement User interface.Biometric monitoring arrangement can in real time or have some postpone in the case of by biometric and other data It is sent to smart phone.One or more order can in real time or be sent to raw having in the case of some postpone by smart phone Thing metering monitoring arrangement is such as to indicate it that biometric and other data are sent to smart phone.For example, if used Family enters in the application and follows the tracks of the pattern run, then smart phone can send commands to biometric device with instruction It sends data in real time.Therefore, user lingeringly can follow the tracks of its running when it advances without any on its application program.

This type of smart phone can have one or more application program and enable a user to examine from its biometric device Depending on data.Described application program can be opened to " instrument board " page acquiescently when user starts or opens described application program. On this page, such as total step number, climbed number of floor levels, traveling mileage, the calory count of burning, the calorie of consumption can be shown The summary of the data amounts such as the water of number and consumption.Also can show that other coherence messages, such as application program monitor from biometric Device receives the final time of data, about the tolerance of sleep at previous night, (such as, when user falls asleep, wakes up and sleep Time), and user can take food how many calories to maintain its calorie of target (such as, it is achieved the calorie of fat-reducing is red on the same day Word target).User can select by these and other measure in which be illustrated on Dashboard screen.User can be These and other tolerance a few days ago is seen on instrument board.It can be accessed by the button on pressing touch screen or icon A few days ago.Or, the posture such as stir the most to the left or to the right and can allow users to the current and prior tolerance of guide to visitors.

Smart phone application program also can have another page of the summary providing User Activity.Activity can comprise but not limit In walking, run, cycle, cook, be seated, work, swim, go on business, weight lifting, on and off duty and Yoga.Relevant with these activities Tolerance can be presented on this page.For example, bar diagram can show the step number (example that user's different piece on the same day is walked As, within every 5 minutes or every 1 hour, walk how many steps).In another example, can show that user is performing cost in a certain activity Time quantum and at this moment between the cycle has burnt how many calories.Being similar to the instrument board page, application program can provide guide to visitors merit Energy property checks these and other tolerance of days past with permission user.When also can select the least by user, minute, week, the moon Or the cycle At All Other Times such as year allows it to inspect tendency and the tolerance of its activity in shorter or bigger time span.

Smart phone application program also can have in order to user to have eaten interface that be maybe logged by by the food eaten.This connects Mouth can have keyword search feature to allow user to rapidly find out the food in its hope its daily record of key entry.As search food Replacement scheme or in addition, user can find out food to be logged by by guide to visitors menu or a series of menu Thing.For example, the optional following series classification of user: breakfast/frumentum/health/oatmeal is logged by arrive its hope Food (such as, the oatmeal of apple taste).At any one in these menus, user can be able to carry out keyword and search Rope.For example, user can search for " oatmeal " to search in the classification of breakfast food after selecting classification " breakfast " Keyword " oatmeal ".After selecting its food hope being logged by, user can revise or to key in component big Little and nutrient content.After being logged by by least one food, application program can cycle (such as, sky) sometime The nutrient content of the summary of food that display is logged by and described food (indivedual and whole calorie contents, vitamin content, Sugar content, etc.).

Smart phone application program also can have display tolerance (such as, the body weight of user, the health fat about user's body Fat percentage ratio, BMI, and waistline size) the page.It can show show these tolerance in one or more sometime week One or more curve of trend in phase (such as, two weeks).When user can select the value of this time period and inspect previous Between the cycle (such as, last month).

Smart phone application program also can have permission user and key in user and consumed the page of how much water.Whenever user drinks During with some water, it can key in described amount by its unit selected (such as, ounce, cup, etc.).Application program can show that user exists The total amount of all water being logged by the cycle (such as, one day) sometime.Application program can allow user to check previously The water entry that is logged by and a few days ago and the daily amount on the same day.

Smart phone application program also can have the page of the online friend of display user.This " friend " page can make to use New friend (such as, by searching for its name or by its e-mail address) can be added or ask in family.This page also can show Show the ranking list (leaderboard) of user and friend thereof.User and friend thereof can carry out ranking based on one or more tolerance.Lift For example, the total step number that user and friend thereof can be used over seven days carries out ranking.

Smart phone application program also can have displaying about user's eve and/or the page of the tolerance of the sleep at former night Face.This page can further enable the user to be pass by when to sleep by specifying it when to go to bed and when to wake up It is logged by.User may also be able to about its subjective measure slept (such as, bad night's rest, good night's rest, Fabulous night's rest, etc.).User can the today of inspecting over or these tolerance of time cycle (such as, two weeks).Citing For, the sleep page can give tacit consent to the bar diagram showing that user measured in the length of one's sleep at each night of nearest two weeks.User is also possible to Enough inspect the bar diagram that user measures in the length of one's sleep at each night in nearest January.

User may also be able to via substituting or the complete energy of additional interface access smart phone application program as herein described Power (for instance, it is possible to key in food daily record, viewing instrument dash board, etc.).In one embodiment, this alternative interfaces can be by group of web Becoming, described webpage is by the trust server with biometric monitoring arrangement indirect communication.Described webpage can be via any the Internet Attachment means uses the programs such as such as web browser to access.

Wireless connectivity and data are launched

Some embodiments of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can comprise in order to send out from the Internet and/or other device Penetrate and receive the radio communication component of information.Radio communication can be by such as bluetooth, ANT, WLAN, electric lines of force networking and cell phone network Form Deng one or more interface.These are provided as example, and should not be construed as getting rid of other existing wireless communications method or agreement Or the wireless communication technology not yet invented or agreement.

Wireless connections can be two-way.Its data can be launched, pass on and/or be pushed to other by biometric monitoring arrangement Device, such as smart phone, computer, wait and/or the Internet, such as the webserver etc..Biometric monitoring arrangement also may be used Receive from other device and/or the Internet, ask and/or pull (pull) data.

Biometric monitoring arrangement may act as the communication being used for other device is provided each other or provided arriving the Internet Repeater.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be connected to the Internet and equipped with ANT radio via WLAN.ANT Device can be with biometric monitoring arrangement communication to be transmitted into the Internet via the WLAN of biometric monitoring arrangement by its data (and vice versa).As another example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with bluetooth.If having the intelligence of Bluetooth function Phone enters in the range of biometric monitoring arrangement, then biometric monitoring arrangement can be via the cell phone network of smart phone Transmit data to the Internet or receive data from the Internet.Data from another device also can be transmitted into biometric and monitor Device also stores (or vice versa as the same) or launches in the time after a while.

The embodiment of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can comprise for transmit as a stream or launch Web content with Functional for show on biometric monitoring arrangement.It is below the representative instance of this content:

1. the heart rate by measurement device but remotely stored and/or the history curve of other data

2. by other measurement device and/or the user of remotely storage (such as, such as at such as the website of fitbit.com) Movable and/or consumed food and/or the history curve of dormant data

3. the history curve of other usertracking data remotely stored.Example comprises heart rate, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, blood Sugar level, cholesterol, see the persistent period of TV, the persistent period of playing video game, emotion, etc..

4. in heart rate based on user, Current body mass, weight targets, food intake, activity, sleep and other data Or the training of many persons and/or data of going on a diet.

5. the user towards heart rate, body weight, activity, sleep and/or other target is in progress.

6. the summary statistics of aforementioned data, figure, badge and/or tolerance (such as, " grade ") are described

7. between the aforementioned data of user and the class likelihood data of its " friend " with similar device and/or tracking Relatively

8. social content, such as, push away spy (Twitter) feeding, instant message and/or face book (Facebook) and update

9. other online content, such as newspaper article, constellation, weather report, RSS feeding, comic strip (comic), vertical Horizontal mosaic mystery, classified advertisement, stock report, and website

10. email message and calendar plan table

Biometric monitoring arrangement can be delivered the content to according to different contexts.For example, in the morning, can together with The dormant data display news in family eve and weather report.At night, general introduction every day of day's activities can be shown.

The various embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement as herein disclosed also can comprise and may be used to other device initial In functional NFC, RFID or other short-distance wireless communication circuit.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with NFC antenna is so that when user makes it with mobile phone close proximity, application program automatically opens on described mobile phone Dynamic.

There is provided these examples for explanation and the scope being not intended to limit the data can launched by device, receive or be shown Or any intermediate treatment that can occur during transmitting at this and showing.In view of the present invention/application program, the technology people of art Member is it is contemplated that streamable or other example of many of data via the transmission of biometric monitoring arrangement.

Charging and data are launched

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can use wired connection come for internal rechargeable batteries charging and/ Or transfer data to the such as host apparatus such as laptop computer or mobile phone.The reality relatively early discussed in being similar to the present invention Executing in an embodiment of example, biometric monitoring arrangement can use magnets to help user to be directed at by biometric monitoring arrangement To base or cable.Magnet magnetic field in base or cable and the magnet in device self can strategically orient to force Biometric monitoring arrangement and base or cable (or more particularly, the adapter on cable) autoregistration, and provide biology Metering monitoring arrangement keeps in the base or remains to the power of cable.Magnet also acts as launches purpose for charging or data Conductive junction point.In another embodiment, permanent magnet can be only used for base or cable side rather than biometric monitoring arrangement from Body.This can improve the performance of biometric monitoring arrangement in the case of biometric monitoring arrangement uses magnetometer.If There is magnet in biometric monitoring arrangement, then the high-intensity magnetic field of neighbouring permanent magnet may make to be more difficult to significantly make magnetometer accurate Really measure the magnetic field of the earth.At this in a little embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement may utilize ferrous iron material and replaces magnet, and the end Magnet on seat or cable side could attach to ferrous iron material.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can contain one or more in biometric monitoring arrangement main body Electromagnet.Charger or the base launched for charging and data also can contain electromagnet and/or permanent magnet.Biometric monitors Device only just can connect its electromagnet when it is close to charger or base.Biometric monitoring arrangement can be by using magnetic force Meter is searched the magnetic field signature of the permanent magnet in charger or base and is detected and base or the nearness of charger.Or, biological Metering monitoring arrangement can by measure from charger or the wireless signal of base received signal strength indicator (RSSI) or The NFC or the RFID marker that are associated with described charger or base by identification in some embodiments and connecing of charger detected Recency.When device need not charging, synchronize or but its completed to synchronize or during charging, can overturn electromagnet, thus produce from filling Cable or base repel the power of described device.In certain embodiments, charger or base can comprise electromagnet, and can be through joining Put (such as, the processor in charger or base can be configured) via programmed instruction to connect biometric monitoring arrangement (electromagnet can generally remain and connect so that the biometric being placed on charger monitors dress to connect electromagnet during for charging Put and be attracted against charger because of electromagnet, or electromagnet can keep turning off until charger determines by biometric supervision Device is placed on charger, such as via the NFC labelling etc. completing charging circuit, pick out in biometric monitoring arrangement, And be next turned on attracting biometric monitoring arrangement against charger.Charging complete (or data transmission completes, if charging The data that are actually device transmit the charger/data of bracket or combination and transmit bracket) after, can at once turn off electromagnet (temporarily Property ground or until again detect and biometric monitoring arrangement be placed on charger), and biometric monitoring arrangement can stop Only it is attracted against charger.At this in a little embodiments, it may be necessary between orientation biometric monitoring arrangement and charger Interface so that in the case of there is not the magnetic force produced by electromagnet, biometric monitoring arrangement will drop from charger or Otherwise it is displaced to visibly different position (visually to indicate to the user that charging or data have transmitted from charge position Become).

Sensor during data transmit uses

In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise and can have different pieces of information emission rate and difference The communication interface of switching between two or more agreements of power consumption rate.This switching can be monitored dress by from biometric The data-driven that the various sensors put obtain.For example, if using bluetooth, then communication interface may be in response to based on coming The determination made from the data of the sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement and using bluetooth basic rate/enhancing data rate (BR/EDR) and switch between bluetooth low-yield (BLE) agreement.For example, when from the acceleration in biometric monitoring arrangement The sensing data instruction wearer of degree meter sleeping or otherwise sitting time, lower-wattage, slower BLE can be used to assist View.By contrast, when indicating wearer just to sashay from the sensing data of the accelerometer in biometric monitoring arrangement Time dynamic, higher-wattage, faster BR/EDR agreement can be used.This self-adapting data lift-off technology and functional be discussed further in In 61/948th, No. 468 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case filed in 5 days March in 2014, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is first Before be incorporated herein by reference and the most hereby about at biology in " cross reference to related application " part Measure the content pointed out at the self-adapting data transfer rate in monitoring arrangement and be herein incorporated by reference.

These a little communication interfaces can also act as the sensor of a kind of form for biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, Wireless communication interface can allow biometric monitoring arrangement to determine number and the class of device in the range of wireless communication interface Type.These data may be used to determine biometric monitoring arrangement whether in specific context, such as, indoor, in the car, Deng, and determine in response to this and change its behavior in every way.For example, such as the 61/948th, No. 468 US provisional patent Being discussed in application case (being above herein incorporated by reference), these a little contexts may be used to specific for radio communication of driving The selection of wireless communication protocol.

Configurable function of application

In certain embodiments, the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can comprise wrist-watch sample form factor and/or bracelet, Arm decorations or ankletbangle form factor, and be programmed with providing particular functionality and/or " application program " of display customizing messages.Can lead to Cross the various ways (appearance detected including but not limited to pressing button, use capacitive touch sensor, execution by accelerometer Gesture, by GPS or the ad-hoc location of motion sensor senses or region, compression biological metering monitoring arrangement main body (thus move to The pressure signal that can be detected is produced by the altimeter within biometric monitoring arrangement inside device), or biometric is supervised View apparatus is located relatively close to the NFC labelling being associated with an application program or one group of application program) start or close application Program.Also by some environment or physiological condition (including but not limited to high heart rate being detected, using humidity sensor to detect Water (such as to start swimming application program), certain time of day are (such as to start sleep tracking application program, plane at night The pressure left or land and the change of kinetic characteristic are to start and " aircraft " the model application program of closedown) automatically trigger and open Move or close application program.Start also by meeting multiple condition simultaneously or close application program.For example, if added Velometer detects that user is just running and user presses button, then biometric monitoring arrangement can start podometer application journey Sequence, altimeter data collect application program and/or display.Wherein accelerometer detect swimming and user press identical by In the case of another of button, it can start swimming one way counting application program.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can have can by start swimming application program and start Swimming tracing mode.In this mode, motion sensor and/or the magnetometer of biometric monitoring arrangement may be used to detection swimming Appearance, classification stroke type, detection swimming one way, and other calculation of correlation, such as paddling efficiency, one-way time, speed, distance and Caloric burn.The direction change indicated by magnetometer may be used to detect multiple one way and turns round method.In a preferred embodiment, come The data of autokinesis sensor and/or pressure transducer may be used to detect paddling.

In another embodiment, can be by biometric monitoring arrangement being moved close to being positioned on bicycle, be positioned at certainly On the bearing of driving or in the position (including but not limited to cycle frame or bicycle storing facility) being associated with bicycle In NFC or RFID marker and start cycling application program.(see, such as, Figure 10).The application program started can use with logical The conventional calculation different with the algorithm of the tolerance of the height above sea level determined including but not limited to calorie, travel distance and the acquisition burnt Method.Also can detect that wireless bicycle sensor is (including but not limited to wheel detector, GPS, step sensor, or power Meter) time start application program.Biometric monitoring arrangement can then show and/or record from wireless bicycle sensor or from The data of driving sensor.

Additional application controls including but not limited to able to programme or customizable watch face, stopping viewing, music player Device (such as, Mp 3 player, remote controller), text message and/or Email display or notifying device, navigation guide pin, voluntarily Car computer display (when communicating with independent or integrated form GPS device, wheel detector or during energy meter), weight lifting tracker, Abdominal crunch tracker, chin-up tracker, resistance exercise form/body-building tracker, golf amplitude of oscillation analyzer, tennis (or other racket sports) amplitude of oscillation/service analyser, tennis game amplitude of oscillation detector, baseball amplitude of oscillation analyzer, analysis of delivering Device (such as, football, baseball), in a organized way physical activity intensity tracker (such as, football, baseball, basketball, tennis, rugby), Throw dish analyzer, sting food detector, typewriting analyzer, inclination sensor, sleep quality tracker, alarm clock, piezometer, tight Open/loosen biofeedback game (such as, to combine offer audition and/or visual cues potentially to use with training in relaxation training The mobile phone that family is breathed), tracker of brushing teeth, feed rate tracker (such as, count or follow the tracks of utensil and enter the mouth to carry out The in kind speed taken in and persistent period), operating motor vehicles is drunk or fitness indicator (such as, becomes via heart rate, heart rate Change, skin pricktest response, gait analysis, riddle, etc.), allergy tracker (such as, use skin pricktest response, heart rate, skin temperature Degree, pollen sensing etc. (may be in conjunction with from the former tracking of outside seasonal allergic of such as the Internet and may determine that user couple The response of the anaphylactogen (such as, pollen) of particular form, and remind the existence of these a little anaphylactogens of user, such as believe from seasonality Breath, in pollen track database, or biometric monitoring arrangement or the home environment sensor that used by user), fever with Track device (such as, measure fever, flu or the risk of Other diseases, show effect or be in progress, may be in conjunction with Seasonal Data, disease number The feedback provided according to storehouse, customer location and/or user assesses the diffusion of specified disease (such as, influenza) about user, and can Can point out or advise the restraining of work or activity as response), electronic game, caffeine affect tracker and (such as, monitor example Such as heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, skin temperature, blood pressure, anxiety, sleep and/or to coffee, tea, energy drink And/or the taking in or activity in the short-term of restraining or long-term response of other beverage containing caffeine), drug influence tracker (such as, being similar to previously mentioned caffeine tracker but intervene about other, whether it is medical treatment or lifestyle drug, Such as ethanol, Nicotiana tabacum L. etc.), endurance exercise training (such as, it is recommended that or point out intensity, persistent period or running/cyclings/swimming be good for The overview of body, or advise restraining or delay, the target specified according to user, such as marathon, iron-man triathlon or utilization of body-building From such as history exercise activity (such as, run distance, stride), heart rate, changes in heart rate, health/disease/anxiety/fever shape The target of the data customization of state), body weight and/or health composition, blood glucose, food intake or calorie balance tracker (such as, to User notifies that it can consume how many calories to maintain or to realize certain body weight), podometer, and fingernail biting detector.In some feelings Under condition, application program can only rely upon process power and the sensor of the present invention.In other cases, application program can merge or Only show from an external device (ED) or one group of external device (ED) (including but not limited to heart rate bandage, GPS range tracking element, health group Become meter (body composition scale), blood pressure monitor, blood glucose monitor, wrist-watch, intelligent watch, such as smart phone Or the mobile communications device such as tablet PC, or server) information.

In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can control the music player on auxiliary device.Controllable The aspect of music player is including but not limited to selection, F.F. or the retrogressing (skipping of volume, song and/or playlist Forward or backward), the fasting forward or rewinding, the speed of song, and music player equalizer of song.Can be through Inputted by user or automatically control music player based on physiology, environment or context data.For example, user can By selecting song select and play the song on its smart phone via the user interface on biometric monitoring arrangement.? In another example, biometric monitoring arrangement can level of activation based on user (from biometric monitoring arrangement sensing data Calculate described level of activation) automatically select suitable song.This may be used to help and excites user to maintain a certain level of activation.Citing For, if user persistently runs and wants to be maintained at by its heart rate in a certain scope, then biometric monitoring arrangement can be broadcast Put the cheerful and light-hearted or song (if the heart rate of user is less than its target zone) of fair speed.

Automatic function by the activity-triggered of user

Sleep stages Trigger Function

Can monitor that Sleep stages, such as heart rate, heart rate become via various biometric signal disclosed herein and method Change, body temperature, body kinematics, ambient light intensity, ambient noise level etc..Optical pickocff, motion sensor (acceleration can be used Meter, gyro sensor, etc.), that this is measured by mike and thermometer and (such as) other sensor discussed herein is a little Biometric.

Biometric monitoring arrangement also can have communication module, including but not limited to Wi-Fi (802.xx), bluetooth (classical, Low-power) or NFC.Once estimate Sleep stages, Sleep stages can be transmitted into and be wirelessly connected to that there is communication Cloud system, home server or the main control unit of the electrical equipment (by Wi-Fi, bluetooth or NFC) of function.Or, biological Metering monitoring arrangement directly can communicate with the electrical equipment with communication function.This electrical equipment a bit with communication function can wrap Containing such as kitchen electrical equipment, such as microwave oven, coffee grinder/maker, baking box etc..

Once Sleep stages indicates the time waken up close to user, and biometric monitoring arrangement just can send triggering item and arrive User has indicated that the electrical equipment that should be automatically brought into operation.For example, coffee grinder and maker can be caused to start from coffee, And baking box can be made to begin to warm up bread.Microwave oven also can be caused to start to cook oatmeal or egg, and electric kettle starts to heat up water. As long as preparing each several part rightly, this automatic signal can trigger breakfast cooking.

Remind detection

Prompting (the lowest prompting) can be made drowsy to people relevant, also can be described from biometric detection listed above Remind, and described prompting may be used to trigger the electrical equipments such as such as coffee maker and starts automatically to infuse coffee.

Hydration

The level of activation of user can be directly submitted to by portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement combining movement horizon tracker Cloud system, home server, main control unit or electrical equipment.This can trigger some actions of electrical equipment, especially with hydration Acting on relevant action, the ice cube such as starting refrigerator makes, or reduces the operation temperature of water purifier.

Power is saved

Many electrical equipments generally operate with the low-power power idle of power consumption.Use the biometric signal of user Aggregation information, can cause have communication function electrical equipment enter ultra low-power mode.For example, sleeping user or Go out work time, but the water dispenser in family self is closed to ultra low-power mode, and once prospective users activity at home, just Can begin to cool down/add hot water.

Restaurant recommendation system based on position and activity

The polymerization of real-time biological metering signal and positional information may be used to produce about one or more users to timing Between the valid supposition (such as ion beverage) of needs.Combine these needs speculated and about User Activity level, activity The historical use data of the food intake data that type, activity time and active duration and user are logged by, intelligence Application program on phone and/or intelligent watch can be recommended the life style meeting user and the restaurant being currently needed for.

For example, the user just having completed six miles of touring races can start this application program.Application program can know this person Within past one hour, maintained high level of activation, and thus determine that described people may dehydration.From historical use data, application program May also be aware of has too much vegetable in the meals of such as user but sugar is low.By consider the current location of user, Price Range and The optimized algorithm of other factors referred to above, application program can recommend such as to provide the restaurant of Sorbet (smoothie).

Swimming is followed the tracks of

In biometric follows the tracks of some embodiments of device, biometric is followed the tracks of can comprise swimming algorithm, and it may utilize From one or more motion sensor, altitude sensor (such as, barometric pressure sensor), orientation sensor (such as, magnetic Power meter), location-based service sensor (such as, GPS, radio triangulation) and/or the data of temperature sensor.Described sensor can Embed and pacify in the single assembly of such as wrist.In other embodiments, additional sensors device could attach to swimmer's Forehead, the rear portion of head, protective eye lens, the back of the body, hip, shoulder, thigh, lower limb and/or foot.

Three potential function components that swimming exercise is analyzed are as follows:

● paddling count detection provides the paddling counting of every one way, and wherein one way is defined as from the one end in pond on the contrary The unidirectional of end passes through.

● paddling classification of type describes the stroke type of user and (such as, crawls, breaststroke, backstroke, butterfly stroke, breathing arm, steps on Water (kicking without stroke), straight stroke (body streamline), etc.), and can be any one in the following Or combination:

A. the classification of each paddling that user uses

The classification of the main paddling type of the most each complete single trip use.

The paddling that the most each mark one way (freestyle swimming of such as 1/2nd one way, the breaststroke of 1/2nd one way) uses The classification of type

● the one way that user is passed by one way counting counts.The method determining one way is to be used by detection When family is turned round in pond.

Turn round the 180 degree of changes being defined as direction of advance.Detect turn round time, the beginning of deducibility one way and end. Before starting again at swimming, some place in pond (the most at one end or other at) suspends that (nothing is transported within the cycle sometime Dynamic) it is considered as turning round, as long as direction of advance subsequently is contrary with the direction of advance before time-out.

In certain embodiments, these function components can be combined in numerous modes.

Algorithm structure

Can successively, parallel or perform swimming exercise analysis with mixing order (some sequential block and the combination of some parallel frames) Described three function components.

Sequential grammar (see Figure 15 A)

In one embodiment, paddling detector algorithm can be first passed through and analyze original and/or pretreated sensor Signal.Paddling detector algorithm can use time peak value in motion sensor (such as, accelerometer, gyroscope), and (local is Big value and/or local minimum) as the instruction taking paddling.Then, one or more heuristic rules also can be applied to move Except the peak value being not offered as paddling.For example, the value of peak value, two the neighbouring time gaps of peak value, peak values shake to peak value The morphological character (such as, definition) of width and/or peak value may indicate that some peak value is not offered as paddling.When sensor provides one-dimensional During above data (such as 3 axis accelerometers, or 3 axis movement sensors+altimeter (amounting to 4 number of axle evidences)), it is contemplated that all Whether the sequential of the peak value on axle and sizes related are to be produced by paddling to determine the peak value on one or many person in described axle.

If observing the single peak value of expression paddling or a group peak value of the multiple data axles from expression paddling, then Can be from detecting that the data segments that previous peak and the time detecting between present peak value obtains extracts feature.Feature comprises But it is not limited to the ripple number in maximum and minima, section, power (such as, L1 power and the L2 measured in various tolerance Power, standard deviation, average), etc..The feature extracted can be then subjected to machine learning system, wherein calculated off line system Number (supervised learning) or when user uses biometric monitoring arrangement adaption systems coefficient (unsupervised learning).Machine learning system System can return paddling classification then for each paddling detected.

Turn round detector algorithm can by calculate derivative, rolling average and/or use to sensor, (described sensor comprises But be not limited in the present invention those listed sensors) the high-pass filtering of the signal unexpected change that comes in searching moving.Also may be used And/or alternatively signal is performed Principal Component Analysis (PCA).If a fundamental component is different from the next one, then can be true Surely generation is turned round.The such as coefficient all or in part of the conversion such as fast fourier transform (FFT) also is used as feature.It is also possible to use Such as oneself returns the parameter models such as (AR) model.Can be then used by linear prediction analysis (LPA), least means square (LMS), Recursive least-squares filtering (RLS) and/or Kalman Filter Estimation time-varying model parameter.Then compare the model parameter of estimation with Determine and whether its value exists change suddenly.

In one embodiment, skill level and/or swimming pattern (such as, speed) of swimmer can be from sensing data Inferred, and be then used in and turn round detection.For example, senior swimmer is generally of stronger paddling (that is, big adds Velometer peak magnitudes), and use less paddling to complete an one way.Therefore, skill level or the characteristic of swimmer are estimated Tolerance can be used for turning round detection algorithm.These tolerance can be including but not limited to mean motion signal or integrated in motor message Motor message, it is manifestly that, the arm of senior swimmer moves, estimates pace and detection pattern.Also can input via user Determine skill level or other characteristic of swimmer.For example, user can input it for senior, intermediate or abecedarian's swimming Person.

May be used to detect data-oriented sample and/or adjacent data from these analyzed the most (combination) feature Whether sample has is turned round characteristic.For obtaining the best of breed of feature and decision boundary, it is possible to use machine learning techniques, such as Logistic regression, decision tree, nerve net, etc..

In certain embodiments, if be detected that turn round, then swimming data increase from can summarizing and previously having turned round naturally, The number of such as paddling, for each paddling and for the paddling type of one way, split time, etc..If being not detected by turning round, The most renewable paddling enumerator and type.Unless user stops swimming, otherwise algorithm can return to paddling count detection.

Parallel method (see Figure 15 B)

In parallel method, some or all in three functional units can be performed in parallel.For example, can be jointly Perform paddling type detection and turn round detection, and operating independently from paddling count detection.

At this in a little embodiments, can detect at the same time and paddling type and the single algorithm turned round are implemented two function groups Part: paddling type and turn round detection.For example, stroke type (such as, detection freestyle swimming, breaststroke, backstroke, the movement of butterfly stroke Analyze) and turn round type (such as, flip turn (tumble turn), flip crawl turn (flip turn), two handss touch) Grader can return to detected paddling type or detected turns round type.During detecting, can extraction time and Spectrum signature.Moving window can be initially applied to multiple data axle.Can then calculate the statistic of this window section, i.e. maximum And the number of the ripple in minima, section, power (such as, L1 power and L2 power, the standard deviation of measurement in various tolerance Difference, average).Independent component analysis (ICA) and/or Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can be applied equally to find preferably to represent Turn round any hiding signal of type and paddling similar properties.Then the calculating time can be represented from this (improving potentially) signal Feature.For temporal characteristics, various nonparametric filters solutions, low-pass filtering, bandpass filtering, high-pass filtering can be applied to strengthen Need characteristics of signals.

Also the spectrum analyses such as such as FFT, wavelet transformation, Hilbert (Hilbert) conversion can be applied to this through windowing Section.Conversion coefficient may be selected to be feature all or in part.(oneself returns can to use such as AR, rolling average (MA) or ARMA And rolling average) parameter model of model, and can be via auto-correlation and/or partial auto correlation or LPA, LMS, RLS or Kalman Wave filter finds the parameter of this class model.Estimated coefficient completely or partially can be used as feature.

The rolling average window of different length can parallel running, and provide feature listed above, and also can be by described feature All or part of be used as feature.

Then machine acquistion coefficient (supervised learning) can be applied to these extracted features.Can train and be then used by one Or multiple machine learning techniques, i.e. multiple layers (such as, logistic regression) of binomial linear discriminant analysis, multinomial logic are returned Return, nerve net, decision tree/forest or support vector machine.

Along with the window paid close attention to moves, feature can be extracted, and the feature of these new extractions will be returned via machine learning system Return paddling type or turning round of detecting.

Paddling detector algorithm can independent of paddling type and turn round detection and parallel running.Can be examined by heuristic rules Survey and select the time peak value of original or prefiltered sensor signal.

Algorithm the summary stage (in the described stage, it may be determined that, show and/or store about swimming tolerance), can After-treatment applications in described sequence paddling type and is turned round detection.If confirming to turn round with a certain confidence level, then can be together with Detected paddling counting is summarized from the swimming metric data previously turned round.Turn round if unconfirmed, then rolling average Window can proceed with.Until user stop swimming, algorithm can continue update about user exercise swimming tolerance, comprise but not Paddling in the sum that is limited to turn round, the sum of one way, the sum of paddling, the average paddling number of every one way, last one way Number, the change of every one way paddling number, etc..

Mixed method (see Figure 15 C and 15D)

In mixed method, paddling type and paddling count detection can be run concurrently, be followed by turning round detection.

Paddling type detection can return paddling type via the coefficient of machine learning.The sensing that first moving window is desirable The fragment of device signal.Can extract feature subsequently, or the whole feature of moving window feature listed herein or Subset.The off-line of machine learning coefficient, training can be applied to described feature subsequently to determine which paddling type produces sensing The given fragment of device signal.

Paddling count detection simultaneously can be run together with paddling type detection.

Paddling type and counting once detected, can perform to turn round inspection by the subset of cited whole feature or feature Survey.

If be detected that turn round, then the record that completes that can enclose is summed up in tolerance in the swimming of user.Can be by rear mistake The paddling type that journey is applied to detect is to determine the most prominent paddling type of completed circle.Algorithm is movable to draw subsequently Dynamic type and count detection stage, unless user stops swimming.If being not detected by turning round, then described algorithm can continue to update When paddling type and the counting of front ring, until detecting and turning round.

Blood sugar level and heart rate

The biometric monitoring arrangement measuring biometric signal continuously can provide sick front situation, progress about disease And the meaningful information recovered.These a little biometric monitoring arrangements can have sensor and correspondingly run algorithm to measure also Calculate biometric signal, such as heart rate, heart rate variability, the step number carried out, the calorie burnt, advanced away from From, body weight and body fat, activity intensity, active duration and frequency etc..In addition to measured biometric signal, Customer-furnished food intake record can be used.

In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement Observable heart rate and change over time thereof, especially at food Before thing absorption event and afterwards.Known heart rate is affected by blood sugar level, and it is well known that elevated blood glucose levels is diabetes Pre-occlusion condition.Therefore, can find out, via statistical regression, time (after food intake) and the blood sugar level that description is passed Between the mathematical model of relation, wherein collect data to provide corresponding from normal condition, prediabetes and diabetic individual Mathematical model.By described mathematical model, can predict that the individuality with specific heart is the most healthy, prediabetes Or suffer from diabetes.

Be realised that the many heart failure being associated with prediabetes or diabetic conditions, it is possible to be based further on using The biometric data at family informs the possible heart failure of these a little risks, such as coronary disease to the user of biometric monitoring arrangement Disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease etc..

The exercise policy recommended can also be used (such as, American Heart Association to provide when forming mathematical model Policy (http://www.heart.org/)) consider the activity intensity of user, type, persistent period and frequency, using as control The independent variable of " probability " of the outbreak of disease.Many policies about nutrition and Weight management can also be used for science and for typically The public is with prevention cardiovascular disease and diabetes.These a little policies can be collectively incorporated into number with the user data accumulated over time Learn in model, the composition of the food that described user data for example, user consumes and body weight and body obesity trend.

If user is storing and is showing that its kinsfolk is set as its friend by the social network sites of biometric data, The most also can analyze kinsfolk obtain the probability of disease and inform result to user.

In addition to inform the latency development of disease to user, by comprising exercise regime and can have more healthy composition And the life style recommended of the menu of transmission method is supplied to user.

Grocery store's shopping, culinary art and the unification of food record

Grocery store's tissue and menu identification system

Receipt from grocery store's shopping can be containing abundant information, especially with respect to individual dietary habit.For example, Present from the information of grocery store's receipt and the individual biometric number such as collected by biometric monitoring arrangement herein According to the innovative system being combined.Described system can collect and analyze about individual data (information), and can recommend subsequently can Change individual life style to improve the option of their health status.The enforcement of this system can relate to cloud computing, for The hardware platform exploitation of sensing and interface and movement/Website development.

In one embodiment, when user checks out in grocery store, can be by grocery store's list (as from receipt or (such as) Obtain from email receipt or invoice) automatically it is transmitted into remote data base (such as, Cloud Server), described remote data base Also the biometric data of user can be stored.When as user to family and organizing project in their refrigerator and/or pantry, he Smart phone/wrist-watch on application can recommend based on the historical data about food item to abandon in pantry or refrigerator Which project (such as, maybe may go bad if food item is expired).Instruction food is out of date or should consume in a short time Fall to avoid the prompting of corruption can be automatically transmitted to user independent of this type of interaction.For example, a certain whenever meeting During threshold value (such as, at milk by expired two days), just these promptings can be issued to user.Also by except passing through intelligence Prompting is sent to user by the means outside energy phone/wrist-watch.For example, network interface can be passed through, by Email, logical Cross on laptop computer, tablet PC, desktop PC, or with maintain and/or analyze food database computer Directly or indirectly described prompting is presented to user by the prompting on other electronic installation any of communication.

By using the updated list of food item and history food consumption data based on user, described application can be by User recommended by menu.In one embodiment, can be (such as, expired at it, rotten or become to project that use should first be eaten Before more stale than other composition) menu give priority.In order to recommend to balance in nutrition, correctly distribute and according to user's Movable and the optimal menu decided, the activity data of user also can be also analyzed in described application.For example, if the user while morning Weight lifting, then high-protein diet can be recommended.In another example, if user is not the most movable, then menu can be reduced Size to reduce the caloric number that contains of final meals.

It should be noted that and can be applied to these strategies share identical food and/or multiple users of meals.For example, Can be one family's food database of creating combination so that if a member in family obtains egg and family from grocery store In another member obtain milk, then both egg and milk will represent in food database.Similarly, nutrition preference (such as, vegetarian, to some food allergy etc.), movable, basal metabolic rate and total caloric burn can be used for forming alignment Standby and/or buy the recommendation of what food/menu.

Biometric signal including (but not limited to) heart rate and heart rate variability can provide the precondition to disease Instruction.This information can be used for recommending user to buy, consume and/or prepare certain food, in order to reduces it and suffers from it and have shape in advance The risk of the disease of condition.For example, if user has the precondition of cardiac problems, then it can recommend them to buy more Many vegetable, consume less fat-containing food, and to need the method for less oil (such as, not deep-fried) to prepare food.

Control " intelligent appliance "

In another embodiment, various household electrical appliances can all possess Wi-Fi function, and can be with server communication.Due to application (it can be connected to described household electrical appliances via (such as) cloud or the Internet) may be known refrigerator and contain which food item, so institute State application and can reduce or raise the temperature of refrigerator with refrigerator communication with based food project.For example, if numerous food product Project is more sensitive to cold, such as vegetable, then can instruct refrigerator and rises high-temperature.Described application also can be also via bluetooth, BTLE Or NFC directly communicates with refrigerator.

Food record

Described application be also based on grocery store's Shopping List (its can (such as) be in described application maintain list) with And the food menu recommended of described application and the project of the food being recorded as user is provided.(such as, cold at the meals cooked in advance Freeze meal) or in the case of need not the agricultural product of any further process before eating, user can simply enter their meal Dish size (or user in the case of eating whole meals, user is perhaps without input food size) and will complete subsequently to eat Product record.Owing to grocery store's list or menu provide definite brand and the labelling of some food, so can will seek more accurately Foster information recorded in the account of user.

When user record passes through the food item cooked in accordance with the menu proposed by application, described application can be from one-tenth Divide and cooking process calculates nutritional information.This can provide and take the photograph calorie more accurately than the simple tissue of end product/meals The estimation entered, because many menus exist to prepare certain types of food, such as, can make with medicated beer, turkey, Carnis Sus domestica etc. The meat ball of Italian noodle, and described meat ball can comprise carbohydrate in various degree.

The sports metering using sensor device obtains

In certain embodiments, sensor can be arranged on the rackets such as such as tennis racket, thus contribute to measuring player Different paddlings.This is applicable to the motion of great majority (if not all) racket, claps wall including (but not limited to) tennis, short net Ball, squash, table tennis, shuttlecock, lacrosse etc., and the motion played with bat such as baseball, softball, cricket etc..Also can make The different aspect of golf is measured by similar technology.Such device may be installed on the bottom of racket, on handle or leads to Often it is arranged on the shock absorber on cord.This device can have various sensor, such as accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetic force Meter, strain transducer and/or mike.Data from these sensors can be locally stored or be wirelessly transmitted to Intelligent electric Host computer system in words or other wireless receiver.

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, comprise accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, mike etc. Wrist installing type biometric monitoring arrangement can perform the similar analysis user being played or moves.This biometric monitors Device can take the form of wrist-watch or other belt being worn in the wrist of user.Measurement or detection bat or racket can be used And clashing into the moment and these data be wirelessly transmitted to racket or the ball of wrist installing type biometric monitoring arrangement between ball Rod installing type sensor can be used for improving the accuracy of these a little algorithms by accurately measuring the collision time with ball.

Wrist and racket/bat installing type device can help to measure the different aspect of the game of user, comprise (but do not limit In) paddling type (forehand, strike back, serve a ball, tiltedly hit), the number of forehand, the number of counterattack, ball direction of rotation, upper rotation, service hundred Proportion by subtraction, the angular velocity of racket head, recoil, hit energy, impact concordance etc..Mike or strain transducer can be used as adding The supplementary moment identifying ball impact racket/bat of velometer.In cricket and baseball, such device can be measured recoil, hit The angular velocity of bat when hitting, offside to the impact number on lower limb side (baseball).Can also measure swing and lose the number of ball with And the number that defence is to attack paddling.Such device can also have wireless transmitter to be transmitted in real time by this statistical data Scoreboard or be transmitted into the individual device held by spectators.

Wrist or racket installing type device can have a small amount of button (such as, two), and it can be used to indicate that by player When tennis wins or when the error of unforced occurs.This using allow algorithm calculate winner and as forehand to counterattack non- The mark of the error of being forced to property.Described algorithm also can follow the tracks of the number to double fault of the ace in tennis.As Really two players use this type of system, then described system also can automatically follow the tracks of score.

ECG based on cyclist's shank

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, the electrode contacted with left hand can be used and contact with the right hand Electrode (such as, ECG heart rate measurement) monitor the heart rate of user.Because needing user to catch tentacle shank by bike Either side, so this specific activities is suited well for using ECG technology to follow the tracks of user's heart rate.By electrode is embedded in hands In shank or handlebar handle or tape, when user holds handlebar, just can measure the heart rate of user.For having handle Bicycle (contrary with using handlebar tape), electrode can be incorporated into and can be used for replacing existing handle (such as, the most not Conduction factory install handle) special handle in.Left handle and right handle may be electrically connected to (such as) and use electric wire to survey The electronic device of amount ECG signal.In the case of handlebar self-conductive, handlebar can be used for electrically connecting the one in handle To the electronic device measuring ECG signal.The electronic device measuring ECG signal is incorporated in the one or both in handle.Or Person, the electronic device measuring ECG signal can be located in single shell.In one embodiment, this single shell can be installed In cyclist's shank or handle.It can have function and sensor (such as, the speed biography that typical bicycle computer has Sensor, step sensor, GPS sensor).It also can have atypical sensor, such as air velocity transducer, GSR sensor And acceierometer sensor (being also incorporated into potentially in handlebar).This embodiment can use technology described in the present invention Calculate activity metric, including (but not limited to) caloric burn, and these tolerance are transmitted into two grades and three stage arrangement (examples As, smart phone and server).

The electrode of ECG is incorporated in the part of bicycle or adnexa rather than is incorporated into handle tape and handlebar is held In, such as, it is incorporated in glove, brake cover, brake lever, or handlebar self.These electrodes or extra electrode can be used Measure GSR, body fat and hydration using supplementing or substituting as heart rate.In an example, can use and be sewn on hands Conductive filament (as ECG electrode) in the handle tape installed in shank measures the heart rate of user.Handle tape electrode May be connected to central authorities' bicycle computer unit, described central authorities bicycle computer unit contains electronic device to measure GSR, water Cooperation is used and/or heart rate.Biometric monitoring arrangement can show this information over the display.If the hydration of user or the heart Rate exceedes a certain threshold value, then can remind user drink more, drink less, increase intensity or reduce intensity.At bicycle meter In the case of the one or both in GSR, hydration or heart rate only measured by calculation machine, algorithm can be used to estimate directly to survey The tolerance of amount.For example, if biometric monitoring arrangement only can measure heart rate and duration of exercise, then can use The combination of heart rate and duration of exercise is estimated hydration and reminds user when user should drink water.Similarly, can make Use to remind when user should eat or drink thing (such as, sports drink) in addition to water with heart rate and duration of exercise Family.

Indirect measurement is estimated

Bicycle computer generally measures multiple tolerance, including (but not limited to) speed, step, power and wind speed.Just The formula monitoring arrangement of taking do not measure these tolerance or not with can be capable of supply that these devices measured communicate in the case of, institute can be used State the portable biometric metering sensor that has of monitoring arrangement to infer that these and other is measured.In one embodiment, described Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can measure heart rate.It can use this measured value to infer/estimate the power of user's positive output Amount.Other tolerance such as the age of such as user, height and body weight can help to inform dynamometry value.Such as GPS measures Speed, height above sea level increase/reduce, bicycle posture (to measure inclination or the gradient on slope), and accelerometer signal single-candidate Outer sensing data can be used for informing that power is estimated further.In one embodiment, heart rate and power can be used to export it Between the relation of approximately linear calculate the power output of user.

In one embodiment, from portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement and baseline can be used as user during calibrating But in the case of the secondary device not used in the time after a while obtains data, calibration phase (such as, energy meter) can occur.This can Allow to determine the pass between the sensing data measured by portable monitoring device and the sensing data measured by secondary device System.Calculate by secondary device but the data that clearly do not provided by biometric monitoring arrangement when there is not secondary device subsequently During estimated value, this relation can be used.

Based on movable Automatic dispatching

In one embodiment, can the information in calendar based on user (or Email or text message) come for user The traveling dispatching every day requires (working is come off duty, between meeting), and target is to meet daily routines target or long term activity of earthquake mesh Mark.The historical data that can use user helps to plan meet target and also have required both transit times.This feature can With friend or colleague's combination.Described scheduling can so complete so that user can meet with friend on the road that its walking is gone to work, or Na Tiaolu meets with colleague and carries out meeting (but user may need to set meeting point).If the biometric user monitors There is real-time Communication for Power between device and the friend of user, the data if from the biometric monitoring arrangement of friend indicate them Friend run later, then the route that bootable user's walking is longer.

In another embodiment, can (completely or partially) nearness based on user and user to user advise walking/ Running/healthy route.For these data recommended a bit also can or extraly based on the GPS information from other users.If deposited In real-time Communication for Power, then the busy route of preference or quiet route can be directed the user to.Be realised that the heart about other users Rate and basic health and fitness information can allow one route of system recommendations to mate health level and the desired exercise/effort water of user Flat.This information can be re-used for planning to user/guiding the activity/health objectives of longer-term.

Position/background sensing and application

By one or more method, the embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement disclosed herein has can determine that or estimates The position of meter biometric monitoring arrangement or the sensor of background (such as, in bus, at home, in the car).Can make Use dedicated location sensor, such as GPS, GLONASS or other GNSS (GLONASS) sensor.Or, cocoa The sensor using lower accuracy is inferred, is estimated or guess position.It is difficult to know some enforcements of the position of user wherein In example, user's input can assist position and/or the background determining user.For example, if sensing data makes it difficult to really Determining user is in the car or in bus, then biometric monitoring arrangement or communicate just with biometric monitoring arrangement Portable electronic apparatus or inquiry can be presented to user with the Cloud Server of biometric monitoring arrangement communication, thus ask user they Ride in a bus today or by bus.Similar inquiry can be carried out for the position in addition to vehicle context.For example, as Really sensing data instruction user completes strenuous exercise, but there is not instruction user and go to the position data in body-building shop, then Can ask user whether they have gone to body-building shop today.

Vehicle transport detects

In certain embodiments, can use biometric monitoring arrangement sensor and/or with biometric monitoring arrangement The portable electron device of communication and/or determine that user or once exists with the Cloud Server of biometric monitoring arrangement communication In what kind of vehicle (if there is).It should be noted that in the examples below, communicate at one or more biometric monitoring arrangement And/or the sensor in portable electron device can be used for sensing coherent signal.It shall yet further be noted that and can make use-case in the following description Such as the specific network protocols such as WiFi or bluetooth, it be also possible to use one or more substituting association such as such as RFID, NFC or cellular phone etc. View.

In one embodiment, the detection to the blue-tooth device being associated with vehicle can be used to infer that user is at vehicle In.For example, user can have the automobile having bluetooth multimedia system.When user with their automobile close enough also During the long enough cycle, sensor device can identification multimedia system bluetooth recognition and assume user at automobile In.The data from other sensor can be used to confirm user's hypothesis in vehicle.Can use from other sensor Data or signal confirm that user's example in the car comprises the GPS velocity measured value higher than 30mph and as at automobile In the accelerometer signal of characteristic.The intrinsic information of bluetooth ID can be used for determining that it is the Wi-Fi router of vehicle or vehicle Type.For example, bluetooth ID of the router in automobile can be " Audi's car inner multimedia ".Keyword " Audi " or " car " can For guessing that router is associated with type of vehicle " automobile ".Or, bluetooth ID and the data of vehicle being associated thereof can be used Storehouse.

In one embodiment, can be by the user of biometric monitoring arrangement or next by portable communication appts data Create or update bluetooth ID and the data base of vehicle being associated thereof.This and/or can not use under the auxiliary of user's input Complete under the auxiliary of family input.In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that it is whether in vehicle, car Type or particular vehicle and do not use bluetooth ID and its run into bluetooth ID moved together with vehicle, then it can be by bluetooth ID Central database it is sent to being bluetooth ID corresponding with vehicle by catalog classification with the information about vehicle.Or, if The input of user's previously time point about they or the information of vehicle the most wherein and exist and indicate them once to exist user Bluetooth ID run into during during time in described vehicle or close to the described time, then bluetooth ID and information of vehicles can be sent To central database and be associated with each other.

In another embodiment, the detection to the Wi-Fi device being associated with vehicle can be used to infer that user is at that In vehicle or type of vehicle.Some trains, bus, aircraft, automobile and other vehicle have Wi-Fi router wherein. Can detect and use the SSID of router to infer or assist deduction user in particular vehicle or type of vehicle.

In one embodiment, can create with the user of biometric monitoring arrangement or by portable communication appts data Build or update SSID and the data base of vehicle being associated thereof.This can user input auxiliary under and/or do not having user defeated Complete under the auxiliary entered.In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that it is whether in vehicle, vehicle class Type or particular vehicle and do not use SSID and its run into the SSID moved together with vehicle, then biometric monitoring arrangement can be by SSID is sent to central database being the SSID corresponding with vehicle by catalog classification with the information about vehicle.Or, as Really the input of user's previously time point about they or the information of vehicle the most wherein and exist and indicate them once user The SSID run into during during time in described vehicle or close to the described time, then SSID and information of vehicles can be sent to Central database and being associated with each other.

In another embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement, position sensor can be used to determine the track of user.With After this track can be compared from the data base of the route being used for different passage mode.Passage mode can be including (but not limited to) Walking, running, by bike, drive, ride in a bus, by train, take advantage of tramcar, take the subway, and/or by motorcycle.If The track of user is the most corresponding with the route of special pass pattern, then may be assumed that user pass through that described route spent time Between once used described passage mode during the cycle.It should be noted that the speed of the section of route or route can be improved current mould The conjecture of formula.For example, bus and automobile both can use same routes, but the volume that bus is at bus station Outer stop can allow device to determine, and user once rode in a bus rather than automobile.Similarly, by bike with drive through a road Differentiation between line can be assisted by the typical differences of described speed between the two.This speed difference may also depend upon day Time.For example, some routes can be slower due to automobile during peak period.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement the measurement in magnetic field based on vehicle can detect user and exist In vehicle or at du vehicule.In certain embodiments, it be also possible to use generally be associated with vehicle position (such as, railway station, Subway station, bus stop, garage) magnetic field signature infer user currently, will or in vehicle.Magnetic field signature can be Non-time-varying or time-varying.

If it is determined that user the most actually in time period in vehicle, then can revise about other of user Tolerance is to reflect state.Step number, the institute such as carried out can be measured at biometric monitoring arrangement and/or portable electron device In the case of the activity metric such as walking or the distance run, the height above sea level climbed and/or the calorie that burnt, can based on about The information that vehicle is advanced revises these tolerance.If in user's period any carried out step number or climbed in vehicle Height above sea level is by record improperly, then can remove it from the record of the tolerance about user.Also can be from the tolerance about user The tolerance that record removes the step number from carried out recorded improperly or the height above sea level climbed is derived, such as advanced away from From with the calorie burnt.In the case of can determining that user is whether in vehicle in real time or near real-time, inspection can be closed Survey not should in vehicle time the sensor of tolerance (such as, the step number carried out or the stair climbed) measured, or can close Close the algorithm for measuring these tolerance, thus prevent the tolerance (and saving electric power) recorded improperly.It should be noted that and can remember Record use about vehicle tolerance (such as, the type of the vehicle taken advantage of, the time taken advantage of, take any bar route, and route spend How long) and being later used to these data and/or correction other movable and physiological measurements about user is presented to user.

Use the position sensing of bluetooth

Biometric monitoring arrangement it be also possible to use the method being similar to method as described above to determine when user connects Nearly static position.In one embodiment, bluetooth ID from the computer (such as, tablet PC) at restaurant or shop can For determining the position of user.In another embodiment, half from portable communication appts (such as, smart phone) can be used Fixing bluetooth ID determines the position of user.In the case of semifixed bluetooth ID source, it may be desired to multiple bluetooths ID reach to use The acceptable level of confidence of the position at family.For example, the data base of bluetooth ID of the colleague of user can be created.If used Family was positioned in the range of the some persons in these bluetooths ID during the typical working time, then may be assumed that user is in work. It is also possible to use the detection to other bluetooth ID and record when two users meet by chance.For example, can be by analyzing pedometer number Determine that user goes out to go jogging together with another user according to bluetooth ID.These similar a little concepts are filed in 5 days March in 2014 61/948th, No. 468 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is discussed in further detail, and previously with respect to this little concepts to quote Mode is incorporated to.

The uncertain tolerance of location-based GPS

When sensor signal is merged with gps signal with estimated information biometric (such as, step number, pace of life, speed Degree, or the path of route) time, the quality of gps signal has informedness the most very much.It is well known, however, that gps signal quality is time-varying , and to affect the one in the factor of signal quality be surrounding.

Positional information can be used to estimate gps signal quality.Server can the map of memory area type, wherein by disliking Number and the kind of changing the object of gps signal predefine area type.Described type can be for example: building district Territory, small building object area, open area, by aqua region and wood land.When GPS sensor is opened, can be with number before it Individual location estimation (its expection is more rough and incorrect) inquires these area types.Estimated by the coarse GPS of position, can return Return possible area type, and these area types can be considered when calculating gps signal q&r subsequently.

For example, if the user while in urban canyons (by the region of high constructure cincture) (such as, urban district, San Francisco) Near or, then low definitiveness may be associated with any GNSS location measurement.This definitiveness can be after a while by attempting at least partly Determine that based on gps data the algorithm of the track of user, speed and/or elevation uses.

In one embodiment, the data from one or more GNSS sensor can be used to be automatically created position and GPS The data base of signal quality.By GNSS track and street map are compared and check when GNSS sensor shows user Advance (such as, there is 10mph or higher speed) along street but its track is not positioned at the characteristic on road, and automatically hold Capable this compares.Also can be from showing that the map that wherein there is high constructure, valley or intensive forest is inferred based on apparent position The deterministic data base of GPS.

Use the position sensing of vehicle GNSS and/or dead reckoning

Many vehicles have integrated form GNSS.The user of the vehicle without integrated form GNSS is normal Often for their automobile purchase GNSS, described GNSS is generally arranged on regarding of driver non-permanently In wild.In one embodiment, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can be with the GNSS system communication of vehicle.The most just Taking in the case of formula biometric monitoring arrangement is also used for tracing positional, it can be from vehicle GNSS receiving position information.It can make Biometric monitoring arrangement can cut out the GNSS sensor (in the case of it has described sensor) of himself, therefore subtracts Its power consumption few.

In addition to GNSS location detects, vehicle can launch about its steering wheel orientation and/or it is relative to the earth The data of the orientation in magnetic field, using supplementing as its speed such as using tire size and tire rotary speed and measure.This letter Breath can be used for not having in the case of the GNSS system of GNSS system or vehicle cannot obtain reliable position measurement at vehicle holding Row dead reckoning is to determine track and/or position.The positional information of dead reckoning can supplement from biometric monitoring arrangement GNSS sensing data.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can reduce its to GNSS data sampling frequency, and Gap between GNSS location data is filled by dead reckoning defined location.

The step counter data fusion determined with satellite-based position

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, can will exist from the data fusion of various different sensors Together to provide movable newly the seeing clearly of the wearer about biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, supervise from biometric The data of the altimeter in view apparatus can be with the accelerometer data passed through the accelerometer from biometric monitoring arrangement Perform peak detection analysis and the step enumeration data that obtains is combined, when to determine the wearer of biometric monitoring arrangement (such as) stair climbing or walk to go up a slope (relative with seat elevator or escalator or smooth ground of passing by).

In another example of Data Fusion of Sensor, from step counter the most discussed herein above data can with from The distance measure that gps data is derived is combined providing the fine estimation of the total distance advanced in given window.Citing For, Kalman filter can be used distance based on GPS or speed data (to be made with distance based on step counter or speed It is multiplied by span by the step number carried out) it is combined, in order to obtaining fine distance estimations, described fine distance estimations is than individually Distance based on GPS or velocity measurement or distance based on step counter or velocity measurement are more accurate.Another embodiment party In case, can use as such as by the smoothing constant of the function of the leg speed rate of (such as) accelerometer measures come to based on GPS away from It is filtered from measured value.These a little embodiments are discussed further in No. 61/973,614 U.S. filed in 1 day April in 2014 In temporary patent application case, described application case is herein incorporated by reference the most in this article " joins the intersection of related application Examine " joint in, and described application case again at this about alignment use from satellite-based alignment system and step sensor for countering The distance of data or the content that becomes more meticulous of velocity estimation and be herein incorporated by reference.

Biometric and environment/exercise performance correlation

Some embodiments of portable monitoring device described herein can detect multiple data, comprises biometric number According to, environmental data and activity data.These data all can be analyzed or present to user to promote two or more classes The analysis of the degree of association between the data of type.In one embodiment, the heart rate of user can be with car speed, by bike speed Degree, velocity, swimming rate or walking speed are relevant.For example, can be presented in X-axis to user draw by bike speed Spend and draw in Y-axis the chart of heart rate.In another example, the music that the heart rate of user can be listened to user is relevant.Biological Metering monitoring arrangement can be by receiving once listened to what sound about user to the wireless connections of auto radio (such as, bluetooth) Happy data.In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement also can itself serve as music player, and the most recordable what Time play which song.

Weight lifting assists

In the case of there is no the auxiliary of personal coach or partner, it may be difficult to be properly completed weight lifting routine.Portable Formula biometric monitoring arrangement can by user transmit they should go up each weight of act how long, they how soon should lift weight Thing, how soon they should reduce weight and to perform the number of times of each repetition lifted, and user can be assisted to complete weight lifting routine. Biometric monitoring arrangement can use one or more EMG sensor or strain transducer to measure the muscle contraction of user.Also may be used By measure the vibration (such as, use accelerometer) of one or more body part, one or more body part antiperspirant (such as, Use GSR sensor), rotate (such as, use gyroscope), and/or the temperature sensor on one or more body part, push away The muscle contraction of disconnected user.Or, sensor is placed in when weight lifting equipment is lifting to determine to use from it, and they The speed lifted or reduce, they lift duration, and the number of repetition that their executed is lifted.

In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement or weight lifting equipment detect that user is just close to their mistake Lose the limit (when user no longer can support weight), then weight lifting equipment can automatically lifting heavy or prevent weight from reducing.? In another embodiment, can automatically lifting heavy or prevent weight with the mechanical hand of biometric monitoring arrangement or weight lifting equipment communication Thing reduces.This limit that can allow user that self pushes to them (is used in failed situation without partner/witness Lower lifting heavy) and not from the risk of injury falling weight.

Blood sugar level monitors auxiliary

In certain embodiments, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can be configured and needs to monitor its blood sugar level with auxiliary User's (such as, diabetics).In one embodiment, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can infer user indirectly Blood sugar level or the tolerance relevant to the blood sugar level of user.Can use except being generally used for monitoring that blood glucose monitors the (company of use Continuous or discrete finger punctures the sensor of type) sensor outside sensor monitor method as typical blood glucose Supplement or substitute or assist as it.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be based on biometric monitoring arrangement The data of sensor measurement and to user reminding, they should check its blood sugar level.If user performs in certain time measures The activity of certain type, then their blood sugar level may reduce, and therefore, biometric monitoring arrangement can show and carries Wake up, produce audible prompts, or vibration, remind the user that they blood glucose may relatively low and they typical blood glucose should be used to survey Amount device (such as, finger punctures the blood glucose monitor of type) checks blood glucose.Biometric monitoring arrangement can allow user defeated Enter the blood sugar level measured from blood-glucose meter.Or, can by blood sugar measured be automatically transmitted into biometric monitoring arrangement and/or The 3rd device (such as, smart phone or server) directly or indirectly communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement.This blood glucose measurement Value can be used for informing when the prompting of next blood sugar level should be delivered to by the algorithm used by biometric monitoring arrangement to determine User.User may also be able to they to have been eaten, eating or planned to eat what food be input to biometric monitoring arrangement or The device directly or indirectly communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement.This information can be additionally used in determine when to remind user to check him Blood sugar level.Also can be used separately or in combination other tolerance and sensing data (such as, heart described herein Rate data) determine when to remind user to check their blood glucose.

In addition to reminding when checking blood sugar level, biometric monitoring arrangement may also display current blood glucose water Flat estimation.In another embodiment, can be used from biometric prison by secondary device (such as, smart phone or server) The data of view apparatus are to estimate the blood sugar level of user and/or these data are presented to user (such as, by smart phone Described data are shown on upper, webpage, and/or by via data described in radio transmitting).

Biometric monitoring arrangement can be additionally used in and makes exercise, diet relevant to blood sugar level with other factors.This can assist User understands these factors to the front of their blood sugar level or counter productive.Different devices can be used (such as, by user Finger punch through style monitor or continuous blood sugar monitor), by biometric monitoring arrangement self, and/or by infer blood glucose Level or use the tolerance relevant to blood sugar level of other sensor, measures the blood sugar level relevant to activity.At biology In some embodiments of metering monitoring arrangement, user's wearable continuous blood sugar monitoring arrangement and biometric monitoring arrangement.These are two years old Data about movable and blood sugar level can automatically be uploaded to the 3rd calculating device (such as, server) by individual device.Service Device can present to user with data described in post analysis and/or by described data so that user more understands their activity and blood Relation between sugar level.Described server also can receive the input of the diet about user, and (such as, user can input them and eats What food) and make described diet relevant to blood sugar level.By helping user to understand diet, exercise and other factors (such as, Nervous) how to affect their blood sugar level, biometric monitoring arrangement can assist the user suffering from diabetes.

UV exposes detection

In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can monitor the individual exposure to UV radiation.Can be by one Individual or multiple sensor measurement UVA and UVB.For example, the photodiode with the band filter only making UVA pass through can Detection UVA exposes, and the photodiode with the band filter only making UVB pass through can detect UVB and expose.It is also possible to use phase The skin pigment of user measured by machine or reflexometer (determining that luminous reflectance leaves optical transmitting set and the photodetector of the efficiency of skin) Calm.Using UVA, UVB and cutaneous pigmentation data, biometric monitoring arrangement can provide a user with and be subject to about it The information of UV exposed amount.Biometric monitoring arrangement may also provide about over-exposure, the probability of sunburn and the increase to UV The estimation of the probability of its risk of skin cancer or warning.

The screen power using user's presence sensor is saved

Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can have one or more display to present information to user.A reality Executing in example, the sensor on biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that user is just using biometric monitoring arrangement and/or wearing life Thing metering monitoring arrangement is to determine the state of display.For example, the biometric monitoring arrangement with PPG sensor can make With PPG sensor as proximity sensor to determine when user wears biometric monitoring arrangement.If user adorns oneself with Biometric monitoring arrangement, then the state (such as, color LCD screen) of screen can from its typicalness turned off change to " on " or " stand-by ".

Save relative to the power of satellite-based position determination system

In some embodiments, some system being included in biometric monitoring arrangement may monitor with biometric Other system relatively large amount of power of phase specific consumption in device.Owing to many biometric monitoring arrangements little space about Bundle, this can have a strong impact on the overall cell charge life of biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, monitor at some biometrics In device, satellite-based position determination system can be comprised.Use from GPS whenever using satellite-based position determination system When the data of satellite group obtain location, it uses the power drawn from biometric monitoring arrangement battery.Biometric monitors Device can be configured to change satellite-based position determination system based on one or more biography from biometric monitoring arrangement The data of sensor obtain the frequency of location.It is satellite-based that this adaptive location frequency functionalities can help power saving to still allow for simultaneously Position determination system provides location with useful interval (in due course).

For example, if biometric monitoring arrangement has ambient light sensor, then can use and pass from ambient light The data of sensor determine illumination condition whether indicate biometric monitoring arrangement may indoor rather than in outdoor.If Indoor, then biometric monitoring arrangement can cause location frequency to be set to less than at illumination condition to seem to indicate biometric Monitoring arrangement is the level of spendable location frequency when outdoor.This has reduction biometric monitoring arrangement and is tasted when indoor The effect of the location number of times of examination, and therefore unlikely use satellite-based position determination system to obtain good location.

In another example, if the motion sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement indicates the pendant of biometric monitoring arrangement Wearer substantially maintains static, such as, sleep or the most do not move more than several feet per minute, then satellite-based position is true The location frequency determining system can be set to the wearer's (example at the volley than motion sensor instruction biometric monitoring arrangement As, from a position walking or run to another location, such as, mobile more than several feet) the low level of situation.

In a further example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to determine biometric monitoring arrangement the most actually Worn by people, if not, then location frequency can be set to more real than biometric monitoring arrangement by biometric monitoring arrangement The level that situation about being worn on border is low.Can be such as at the exercise data collected from the motion sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement Instruction biometric monitoring arrangement substantially maintains static (such as, even showing that wearer sleeps or the time biometer of sitting Amount monitoring arrangement experience little mobile time the most not maintain static) time or such as from heartbeat waveform sensor data indicate not This carrying out when heart rate being detected whether being worn about biometric monitoring arrangement determines.Optics heartbeat waveform is sensed , if there is few change in the light quantity that light detecting sensors detects at light source switches and when turning off, then this can refer in device Show following facts: heartbeat waveform sensor does not compresses the skin of people, and infers that biometric monitoring arrangement is not worn.This is adaptive Satellite-based position determination system location frequency concept should be discussed in more detail filed in 18 days March in 2014 the 61/th In 955, No. 045 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is previously in the " intersection to related application Reference " part is incorporated herein by reference and upper and lower about at satellite-based position determination system the most hereby The content pointed out at power saving in literary composition and be herein incorporated by reference.

It will be appreciated that in addition to the feature comprising discussed in further detail below, biometric monitoring arrangement also can comprise above One or more feature or function discussed in discussion or the various application cases in being incorporated by reference above discussion.These are a little Embodiment is interpreted as within the scope of the invention.

There is described herein and many concepts of explanation and embodiment.Although being described herein as and illustrated that some is real Execute example, feature, attribute and advantage, it should be appreciated that from describe and explanation apparent many other and different and/or similar Embodiment, feature, attribute and advantage.Thus, above example is only used as example and provides.It is not intended to detailed or will The present invention is limited to disclosed precise forms, technology, material and/or configuration.According to the present invention, many amendments and change are possible 's.Should be understood that available other embodiments, and operation change can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.Thus, The scope of the present invention is not limited in above description, because presenting retouching of above example the most for purposes of illustration and description State.

It is essential that the present invention is neither limited to any single aspect or embodiment, it is also not necessarily limited to this little aspects and/or enforcement Any combination of example and/or arrangement.Additionally, can individually or jointly in other side and/or embodiments of the invention one or Many persons and use each in the aspect of the present invention and/or embodiment.For simplicity, will the most individually Discuss and/or illustrate those arrangement and combination in many those of.

Claims

1. a wearable body-building monitoring arrangement, comprising:

Motion sensor, it is configured to provide corresponding to wearing the defeated of motion that the user of described body-building monitoring arrangement carried out Go out；

Heartbeat waveform sensor；And

Including the control logic of instruction, described instruction is used for:

A () collects the concurrent output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor and defeated from described motion detection sensor Going out data, wherein the described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor provide the information of the heart rate about described user, And wherein described output data from described motion detection sensor provided about week of the described user in addition to heart beating The information that phase property health moves；

B () analyzes the described output data from described motion detection sensor, to determine from described motion detection sensor The cyclical component of described output data；

C () analyzes the described output data from described motion detection sensor, to determine selected from the non-sitting of two or more The non-sedentary activity type of the described user of Activity Type；

(d) non-sedentary activity type being determined based on described user determined by (c), it is determined that the motion of application Compensate；

E () uses the described cyclical component of the described output data from described motion detection sensor from from described heart beating The described output data of model transducer remove corresponding cyclical component；

F () determines the heart rate of described user；And

G () presents the heart rate of described user.

Wearable body-building monitoring arrangement the most according to claim 1, wherein said heartbeat waveform sensor is photoelectricity volume Map sensor, it include (i) periodically light source, (ii) be located to the skin of described user alternately after receive by described The photodetector of the periodicity light that light source is launched and (iii) determine the electricity of the heart rate of described user from the output of described photodetector Road.

Wearable body-building monitoring arrangement the most according to claim 2, wherein said photoelectricity volume map sensor wraps further Including shell, described shell has the dimple being mounted with described photodetector.

Wearable body-building monitoring arrangement the most according to claim 3, wherein said photoelectricity volume map sensor described outside Shell farther includes to be mounted with the second dimple of described periodicity light source.

Wearable body-building monitoring arrangement the most according to claim 2, wherein said photoelectricity volume map sensor wraps further Include in-mold label (IML) film on described photodetector and described periodicity light source.

Wearable body-building monitoring arrangement the most according to claim 1, wherein said control logic farther include for from Described output data from described heartbeat waveform sensor remove the instruction of the harmonic wave of described corresponding cyclical component.

Wearable body-building monitoring arrangement the most according to claim 6, wherein from described in described motion detection sensor The described cyclical component of output data is the fundamental frequency that the periodicity from described user moves generation.

Wearable body-building monitoring arrangement the most according to claim 1, wherein for from from described heartbeat waveform sensor Described output data remove the instruction of corresponding cyclical component and include for sef-adapting filter is applied to from the described heart Jump the described output data of model transducer and the instruction of the described output data from described motion detection sensor.

Wearable body-building monitoring arrangement the most according to claim 1, wherein for from from described heartbeat waveform sensor Described output data remove the instruction of corresponding cyclical component and include for sef-adapting filter function is applied to from institute Stating the instruction of the described output data of motion detection sensor, described sef-adapting filter function minimizes from described heart beating ripple The described output data of shape sensor and from the difference between the described output data of motion detection sensor.

Wearable body-building monitoring arrangement the most according to claim 1, wherein control logic farther include for carry out with The instruction of lower operation:

Analyze the output data from motion detection sensor substantially stationary to infer user；And

Temporarily hang up (e).

11. wearable body-building monitoring arrangements according to claim 1, wherein motion detection sensor is accelerometer or gyro Instrument.

12. wearable body-building monitoring arrangements according to claim 1, wherein for from described heartbeat waveform sensor collection The instruction of output data includes the instruction for carrying out following operation:

The light source in described wearable biometric monitoring arrangement is made to pulse at the first frequency；And

The light from described light source is detected under described first frequency.

13. wearable body-building monitoring arrangements according to claim 12, wherein described for making under described first frequency The instruction of light source pulsation includes the instruction of a series of light pulses of the intensity for launching substantial constant.

14. wearable body-building monitoring arrangements according to claim 1, the wherein said heart rate for presenting described user Instruction includes the instruction for presenting described heart rate on described wearable biometric monitoring arrangement.

15. wearable body-building monitoring arrangements according to claim 1, the wherein said heart rate for presenting described user Instruction includes for presenting the described heart on the external device (ED) periodically communicated with described wearable biometric monitoring arrangement The instruction of rate.

16. wearable body-building monitoring arrangements according to claim 1, wherein said for it is determined that application described fortune The dynamic instruction compensated is based on a determination that the Activity Type of described user or level of activation are non-sedentary activity.