CN105796189A - In-vitro positioning device and method of femoral neck central axis - Google Patents
In-vitro positioning device and method of femoral neck central axis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105796189A CN105796189A CN201610394742.6A CN201610394742A CN105796189A CN 105796189 A CN105796189 A CN 105796189A CN 201610394742 A CN201610394742 A CN 201610394742A CN 105796189 A CN105796189 A CN 105796189A
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- Prior art keywords
- femur
- neck
- central axis
- fairlead
- guide pin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B2017/564—Methods for bone or joint treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses an in-vitro positioning device of a femoral neck central axis.The device comprises a positioning panel, a guide sleeve and a clamp, wherein the curve-surface structure of the positioning panel is identical with the curve-surface structure of the positioning arc-shaped face of a femoral shaft, and the positioning panel can attach to the positioning arc-shaped face; the first end of the guide sleeve is connected to one end of the positioning panel, and the first end of the guide sleeve coincides with the needle inlet point in the positioning arc-shaped face when the positioning panel attaches to the positioning arc-shaped face; the value range of the included angle alpha formed by the axis of the guide sleeve and the longitudinal axis of the femoral shaft is identical with the value range of the normal value of a femoral neck-shaft angle, and the value range of the included angle beta formed by the axis of the guide sleeve and a femoral condyle frontal plane is identical with the value range of a femoral anteversion angle; the clamp is connected to the other end of the positioning panel.By the in-vitro positioning device, a positioning guide needle can enter the femoral neck accurately, multiple needle penetrating is avoided, and the normal femoral structure is protected.The invention further discloses an in-vitro positioning method of the femoral neck central axis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical apparatus and instruments field of tool, more particularly, it relates to a kind of external positioner of neck of femur central axis and method.
Background technology
Femur is long bone maximum in human body, mainly includes femoral shaft, is positioned at femoral head and the neck of femur of femoral shaft one end, is positioned at the medial epicondyle of the femoral shaft other end, lateral epicondyle, medial condyle and lateral condyle.The collodiaphyseal angle of femur is the angle formed between the central axis of neck of femur and femoral shaft longitudinal axis, and its normal value is between 110 °～140 °.The top rake of femur be human body neck of femur central axis and condyle of femur frontal plane (i.e. human coronary face) formed by angle, its normal value is 12 °～15 °.Improve in the operation of decompression grafting of fibula at fracture of femoral neck internal fixation and femur head necrosis, it is necessary to location guide pin is squeezed in neck of femur, and require that location guide pin is positioned on the central axis of neck of femur.
Having, at femur rod, the location cambered surface that the y direction along femur rod extends near one end of neck of femur, this location cambered surface has a positioning convex portion in the one end near neck of femur.The pin mark that enters of location guide pin is positioned at location cambered surface, and this to enter the pin mark distance from positioning convex portion be 1.5cm-4cm.Existing squeeze into location guide pin method as follows: find into pin mark according to the positioning convex portion on femur rod, doctor hand-held location guide pin, by personal experience, location guide pin is squeezed in neck of femur.Utilize X-ray machine to obtain femur photo afterwards, observe whether location guide pin is positioned on the central axis of neck of femur.If it does not, need again to thread a needle, until location guide pin is positioned on the central axis of neck of femur.But, repeatedly thread a needle and can damage the normal bone structure of femoral neck remaining further, cause unnecessary iatrogenic infringement.
Therefore, how to improve the location accuracy that penetrates of guide pin, protect normal femur structure, it is to avoid cause unnecessary iatrogenic infringement, be those skilled in the art's critical problems urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of external positioner of neck of femur central axis, this device can improve the accuracy that location guide pin penetrates, and protects normal femur structure, it is to avoid cause unnecessary iatrogenic infringement.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides techniques below scheme:
A kind of external positioner of neck of femur central axis, including:
Positioning panel, the curved-surface structure of described positioning panel is identical with the curved-surface structure of the location cambered surface of femoral shaft, and described positioning panel can fit in the cambered surface of described location,
Fairlead, first end of described fairlead is connected to one end of described positioning panel, when described positioning panel fits in the cambered surface of described location, the first end of described fairlead overlaps with the pin mark that enters in the cambered surface of described location, and location guide pin inserts described fairlead from the second end of described fairlead；
The span of angle α formed by the axis of described fairlead and the longitudinal axis of described femoral shaft is identical with the span of the normal value of the collodiaphyseal angle of femur, and the span of the span of angle β formed by the axis of described fairlead and condyle of femur frontal plane and the top rake of described femur is identical；
It is connected to the other end of described positioning panel, and the fixture in described femoral shaft can be clamped in.
Preferably, the second end of described fairlead has the clamping section for clamping described location guide pin, and described clamping section includes at least two clamp clip, and described clamp clip extends along the axis direction of described fairlead；
Also include and described clamping section threaded engagement, force described clamp clip to gather the locknut clamping described location guide pin.
Preferably, described clamping section has two clamp clips, and said two clamp clip is arranged about the axisymmetrical of described fairlead.
Preferably, described fixture includes web, and is connected to two clamping plate at described web two ends；Described web is bolted in described positioning panel.
Preferably, described clamping plate are provided with anti-slip veins on the face contacted with described femoral shaft.
A kind of external localization method of neck of femur central axis, comprises the steps:
S1: described positioning panel is fitted in the cambered surface of described location, and make described clamp in the femoral shaft of patient；
S2: described location guide pin is inserted in described fairlead, and fixing described location guide pin；
S3: obtain the photo of the femur of described patient；
S4: whether the location guide pin judged in described photo is positioned on the central axis of neck of femur of described patient, if it is, enter step S5；If it does not, enter step S6；
S5: the described location guide pin in described fairlead is squeezed in the neck of femur of described patient；
S6: change the external positioner of neck of femur central axis, or rotate described fixture, enter S3 afterwards.
Preferably, also comprised the steps: before described step S1
Obtain the collodiaphyseal angle of the femur of patient and the data of top rake；
Select α angle closest to described collodiaphyseal angle, and β angle is closest to the external positioner of neck of femur central axis of described top rake.
Preferably, described step S6 also includes:
If angle α value deviates the collodiaphyseal angle of described patient formed by the axis of the fairlead in described photo and femoral shaft longitudinal axis, then change the external positioner of neck of femur central axis；
If formed by the condyle of femur frontal plane of the axis of the fairlead in described photo and described patient, angle deviates the top rake of described patient, then rotate described fixture.
Preferably, described " fixing described location guide pin " in described step S2 including: screwing locknut on described clamping section, described packing bolt forces described clamp clip to be gathered, and clamps described location guide pin.
Preferably, described step S3 includes: obtained the photo of the femur of described patient by C arm X-ray machine.
Can be seen that from technique scheme, positioning panel in the present invention can be fitted in the location cambered surface of femur rod, and the first end of fairlead with enter pin mark and overlap, location guide pin is inserted in fairlead by user, stationary positioned guide pin, and make clamp on femur rod, judge whether location guide pin is positioned at the central axis of neck of femur by obtaining the photo of femur, if it is, location guide pin is squeezed in neck of femur；If it does not, change other external positioner of neck of femur central axis, or rotary clamp, until the location guide pin being positioned at fairlead is positioned on the central axis of neck of femur, finally location guide pin is squeezed in neck of femur.
In the present invention, it is possible at the accurate location of the external location guide pin of having good positioning of patient, it is ensured that location guide pin accurately enters in neck of femur, thus avoiding repeatedly threading a needle, protects normal femur structure, it is to avoid cause unnecessary iatrogenic infringement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required described in embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, under the premise not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
The structural representation of the external positioner of neck of femur central axis that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention one specific embodiment；
The explosive view of the external positioner of neck of femur central axis that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention one specific embodiment；
The top view of the external positioner of neck of femur central axis that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention one specific embodiment；
The side view of the external positioner of neck of femur central axis that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention one specific embodiment.
Wherein, 1 be positioning panel, 2 be fairlead, 21 be clamp clip, 3 be locknut, 4 be fixture, 41 be web, 42 for clamping plate.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides a kind of external positioner of neck of femur central axis, this device can improve the accuracy that location guide pin penetrates, and protects normal femur structure, it is to avoid cause unnecessary iatrogenic infringement.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the premise not making creative work, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to accompanying drawing 1-4.In the present invention one specific embodiment, the external positioner of neck of femur central axis includes positioning panel 1, fairlead 2 and fixture 4.
The curved-surface structure of positioning panel 1 is identical with the curved-surface structure of the location cambered surface of femur rod, and positioning panel 1 can be fitted in the cambered surface of location.First end of fairlead 2 is connected to one end of positioning panel 1.Location guide pin inserts fairlead 2 from the second end of fairlead 2.When positioning panel 1 is fitted in the cambered surface of location, the first end of fairlead 2 overlaps with the pin mark that enters in the cambered surface of location, and the location guide pin being positioned at fairlead 2 can enter pin mark entrance neck of femur from this.
If making the location guide pin being positioned at fairlead 2 accurately penetrate neck of femur, then the axis of fairlead 2 have to the central axes of neck of femur.Therefore, the position of fairlead 2 is made defined below: angle formed by the axis of fairlead 2 and the longitudinal axis of femur rod is that the span of α, α is identical with the span of the normal value of the collodiaphyseal angle of femur.Angle formed by the axis of fairlead 2 and condyle of femur frontal plane is that the span of β, β is identical with the span of the top rake of described femur.Multiple external positioner of neck of femur central axis can be set, the value of α and the β of each external positioner of neck of femur central axis is different, and user can choose the suitable external positioner of neck of femur central axis according to the concrete femur parameter of patient.
Fixture 4 is clamped in the other end of positioning panel 1, and namely fairlead 2 and fixture 4 are distributed in the two ends of positioning panel 1.
Location guide pin is inserted in fairlead 2 by user, stationary positioned guide pin, and makes fixture 4 be clamped on femur rod, judges whether location guide pin is positioned at the central axis of neck of femur by obtaining the photo of femur, if it is, squeezed in neck of femur by location guide pin；If it does not, change other external positioner of neck of femur central axis, or rotary clamp 4, until the location guide pin being positioned at fairlead 2 is positioned on the central axis of neck of femur, finally location guide pin is squeezed in neck of femur.
In the present invention, it is possible at the accurate location of the external location guide pin of having good positioning of patient, it is ensured that location guide pin accurately enters in neck of femur, thus avoiding repeatedly threading a needle, protects normal femur structure, it is to avoid cause unnecessary iatrogenic infringement.
In the present invention one specific embodiment, the second end of fairlead 2 has clamping section, and this clamping section is used for clamping and positioning guide pin.This clamping section includes at least two clamp clip 21, and clamp clip 21 extends along the axis direction of fairlead 2.Also including the locknut 3 with clamping section threaded engagement, when being screwed on clamping section by locknut 3, locknut 3 can force clamp clip 21 to be gathered to the axis place of fairlead 2, thus clamping and positioning guide pin, it is achieved location guide pin fixing in fairlead 2.When positioning guide pin and being positioned on the central axis of neck of femur, screw off locknut 3, location guide pin is squeezed in neck of femur.Clamping section can not only realize fixedly securing of location guide pin with coordinating of locknut 3, additionally it is possible to easily realizes the fixing releasing of location guide pin.
Further, in the present invention one specific embodiment, the clamp clip 21 in above-mentioned includes two, and these two clamp clips 21 are arranged about the axisymmetrical of fairlead 2.On screwing during locknut 3, two clamp clips 21 are gathered towards the axis place of fairlead 2, clamping and positioning guide pin.Clamping section simple structure in the present embodiment.
In the present invention one specific embodiment, the fixture in above-mentioned specifically includes web 41, is connected to two clamping plate 42 at web 41 two ends.Two clamping plate 42 directly contact with femoral shaft.Web 41 is bolted in positioning panel 1.
In order to improve the clamping force of fixture, it is prevented that clamping plate 42 skid in femoral surface, in the present invention one specific embodiment, are provided with anti-slip veins at clamping plate 42 on the face contacted with femur rod.
Present invention also offers a kind of external localization method of neck of femur central axis, comprise the steps:
S1: positioning panel 1 is fitted in the cambered surface of described location, and make fixture 4 be clamped in the femoral shaft of patient；
S2: location guide pin is inserted in described fairlead 2, and stationary positioned guide pin；
S3: obtain the photo of the femur of patient；
S4: whether the location guide pin judged in photo is positioned on the central axis of neck of femur of patient, if it is, enter step S5；If it does not, enter step S6；
S5: the location guide pin being directed in set 2 is squeezed in the neck of femur of patient；
S6: change the external positioner of neck of femur central axis or rotary clamp 4, enter S3 afterwards.
In the present invention one specific embodiment, before the external positioner of neck of femur central axis is installed, also comprise the steps: the data of collodiaphyseal angle and the top rake obtaining the femur of patient；Select α angle closest to described collodiaphyseal angle, and β angle is closest to the external positioner of neck of femur central axis of described top rake.So can improve work efficiency.
In the present invention one specific embodiment, if judging that the position of fairlead 2 is departing from regulation by the photo obtained.So, the angle of location guide pin is adjusted in accordance with the following methods: if the femoral shaft longitudinal axis α value of the axis of the fairlead in photo and patient deviates the collodiaphyseal angle of described patient, then change the external positioner of neck of femur central axis；If formed by the condyle of femur frontal plane of the axis of the fairlead in photo 2 and described patient, angle β deviates the top rake of described patient, then rotary clamp 4.
In the present invention one specific embodiment, location fixing in fairlead 2 of guide pin is to be realized with coordinating of locknut 3 by clamp clip 21, therefore the step of " fixing described location guide pin " including: screw locknut 3 on clamping section, locknut 3 forces clamp clip 21 to be gathered, clamping and positioning guide pin.
In the present invention one specific embodiment, the acquisition of the photo of the femur of patient is obtained by C arm X-ray machine.
Described above to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field be capable of or uses the present invention.The multiple amendment of these embodiments be will be apparent from for those skilled in the art, and generic principles defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to the widest scope consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. the external positioner of neck of femur central axis, it is characterised in that including:
Positioning panel (1), the curved-surface structure of described positioning panel (1) is identical with the curved-surface structure of the location cambered surface of femoral shaft, and described positioning panel (1) can fit in the cambered surface of described location,
Fairlead (2), first end of described fairlead (2) is connected to one end of described positioning panel (1), when described positioning panel (1) fits in the cambered surface of described location, first end of described fairlead (2) overlaps with the pin mark that enters in the cambered surface of described location, and location guide pin inserts described fairlead (2) from the second end of described fairlead (2)；
The span of angle α formed by the axis of described fairlead (2) and the longitudinal axis of described femoral shaft is identical with the span of the normal value of the collodiaphyseal angle of femur, and the span of the span of angle β formed by the axis of described fairlead (2) and condyle of femur frontal plane and the top rake of described femur is identical；
It is connected to the other end of described positioning panel (1), and the fixture (4) in described femoral shaft can be clamped in.
2. the external positioner of neck of femur central axis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, second end of described fairlead (2) has the clamping section for clamping described location guide pin, described clamping section includes at least two clamp clip (21), and described clamp clip (21) extends along the axis direction of described fairlead (2)；
Also include and described clamping section threaded engagement, force described clamp clip (21) to be gathered, clamp the packing spiral shell (3) of described location guide pin.
3. the external positioner of neck of femur central axis according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described clamping section has two described clamp clips (21), and said two clamp clip (21) is arranged about the axisymmetrical of described fairlead (2).
4. the external positioner of neck of femur central axis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fixture includes web (41), and is connected to two clamping plate (42) at described web (41) two ends；Described web (41) is bolted in described positioning panel (1).
5. the external positioner of neck of femur central axis according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described clamping plate (42) are provided with anti-slip veins on the face contacted with described femoral shaft.
6. the external localization method of neck of femur central axis, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S1: described positioning panel 1 is fitted in the cambered surface of described location, and make described fixture (4) be clamped in the femoral shaft of patient；
S2: described location guide pin is inserted in described fairlead (2), and fixing described location guide pin；
S3: obtain the photo of the femur of described patient；
S4: whether the location guide pin judged in described photo is positioned on the central axis of neck of femur of described patient, if it is, enter step S5；If it does not, enter step S6；
S5: the described location guide pin in described fairlead (2) is squeezed in the neck of femur of described patient；
S6: change the external positioner of neck of femur central axis, or rotate described fixture (4), enter S3 afterwards.
7. the external localization method of neck of femur central axis according to claim 6, it is characterised in that also comprised the steps: before described step S1
Obtain the collodiaphyseal angle of the femur of patient and the data of top rake；
Select α angle closest to described collodiaphyseal angle, and β angle is closest to the external positioner of neck of femur central axis of described top rake.
8. the external localization method of neck of femur central axis according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described step S6 also includes:
If the axis of fairlead (2) in described photo and angle α value formed by the femoral shaft longitudinal axis of described patient deviate the collodiaphyseal angle of described patient, then change the external positioner of neck of femur central axis；
If the axis of fairlead (2) in described photo and angle β formed by the condyle of femur frontal plane of described patient deviate the top rake of described patient, then rotate described fixture (4).
9. the external localization method of neck of femur central axis according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described " fixing described location guide pin " in described step S2 including: screws locknut (3) on described clamping section, described locknut (3) forces described clamp clip (21) to be gathered, and clamps described location guide pin.
10. the external localization method of neck of femur central axis according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described step S3 includes: obtained the photo of the femur of described patient by C arm X-ray machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610394742.6A CN105796189B (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | A kind of external positioner of neck of femur central axis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610394742.6A CN105796189B (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | A kind of external positioner of neck of femur central axis |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105796189A true CN105796189A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| CN105796189B CN105796189B (en) | 2018-05-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610394742.6A Expired - Fee Related CN105796189B (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | A kind of external positioner of neck of femur central axis |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106618672A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-10 | 广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院 | Guide plate and manufacturing equipment thereof |
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| US5520695A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1996-05-28 | Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. | Instruments for use in knee replacement surgery |
| CN1539384A (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2004-10-27 | 钱毅维 | Central clamp for installing protector of collum femoris |
| US20090024130A1 (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2009-01-22 | Linvatec Corporation | Cannulated drill bit with radially offset cutting edge |
| CN102579169A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院 | Femoral medullary cavity center line locator |
| CN205866856U (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-01-11 | 广东工业大学 | External positioner of thighbone neck central axis |
-
2016
- 2016-06-03 CN CN201610394742.6A patent/CN105796189B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5520695A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1996-05-28 | Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. | Instruments for use in knee replacement surgery |
| CN1539384A (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2004-10-27 | 钱毅维 | Central clamp for installing protector of collum femoris |
| US20090024130A1 (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2009-01-22 | Linvatec Corporation | Cannulated drill bit with radially offset cutting edge |
| CN102579169A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院 | Femoral medullary cavity center line locator |
| CN205866856U (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-01-11 | 广东工业大学 | External positioner of thighbone neck central axis |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106618672A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-10 | 广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院 | Guide plate and manufacturing equipment thereof |
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| CN105796189B (en) | 2018-05-18 |
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Granted publication date: 20180518 Termination date: 20190603 |