CN105388805A - SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) bus-based measurement control system - Google Patents
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) bus-based measurement control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105388805A CN105388805A CN201510733629.1A CN201510733629A CN105388805A CN 105388805 A CN105388805 A CN 105388805A CN 201510733629 A CN201510733629 A CN 201510733629A CN 105388805 A CN105388805 A CN 105388805A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/24—Pc safety
- G05B2219/24215—Scada supervisory control and data acquisition
Abstract
The invention discloses a SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) bus-based measurement control system, which has the advantages of simple circuit, strong compatibility, good generality, strong extendibility and good software reusability. According to the technical scheme of the invention, a data processing module is electrically connected with a chip selection signal module; the output end of the chip selection signal module is in parallel connection with an A/D sampling module, a data access module and a switch quantity identification module; parallel output ends of the A/D sampling module, the data access module and the switch quantity identification module are connected with a data processing module via the data processing module; the data processing module sends a control command to a selected module to realize data transmission between the two, thereby realizing A/D sampling, data access and switch quantity identification functions; the data access module and the data processing module write the measurement control system state and real-time important parameters to the data access module via the SPI bus; and the A/D sampling module returns a conversion result to the data processing module for processing via the SPI bus.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of provides analog acquisition interface, critical data access interface, on-off model acquisition interface, based on the Measurement and Control System of Serial Peripheral Interface SPI (SerialPeripheralInterface) bus for systems such as aircraft, automobile, steamers.
Background technology
Along with the development of microprocessor and the widespread use in each field thereof, in fields such as modern scientist, communication and detections, more and more higher requirement is proposed to electronic measurement technique and Electronic device system, the requirement of test speed and degree of accuracy is also grown with each passing day.Test macro mainly comprises the high speed acquisition to real time data, on-the-spot display and analyzing and processing 3 part, and wherein a most important ring is exactly real time data high speed acquisition, because can it be related to state and the performance that truly reflect measurand.The chips get of current employing spi bus interface is many, is generally applied in instrument and meter, Industry Control, digital household appliances etc.SPI serial peripheral interface bus system is a kind of synchronous serial Peripheral Interface, and it can make MCU and various peripherals carry out in a serial fashion communicating to exchange information.Single-chip microcomputer can be made to carry out in a serial fashion communicating to exchange information with various peripherals (as FLASHRXM, network controller, A/D converter and MCU etc.).Spi bus system can directly and multiple standards peripheral components direct interface, and this interface generally uses 4 lines: the input of serial time clock line SCK, main frame/from machine output data line MISO, main frame export/select line CS from machine input data line MISO and Low level effective from machine.The signal that data acquisition system (DAS) detects is low frequency tempolabile signal, signal carries out data transmission by spi bus and microprocessor after A/D converter process, in the microprocessor institute's image data is processed, and on LCD Graphics Processing result, realize the Real-Time Monitoring to low frequency tempolabile signal.
In order to improve the performance index of wireless system for transmitting data, digital computer technique is widely used to the process of signal, practical object due to wireless system for transmitting data is all often some analog quantitys, but most controller cannot direct Analog signals, therefore needs A/D conversion chip that simulating signal is converted to digital signal.In the parallel A/D conversion chip of employing, the interface circuit of A/D conversion chip is more loaded down with trivial details, and will take too many I/O pin.
In microcomputer control system, usually with A/D converter existing for the scene various L/O device direct interfaces with having spi bus interface function, can circuit design be simplified, save and connect J device and L/O mouth line in a lot of custom circuit, improve the reliability of design.Utilize spi bus can form various system, as a main MCU and several from MCU, several from MCU be interconnected to constitute multi-host system (distributed system), a main MCU and several from L/O equipment the various systems etc. that form.In most of application scenario, a MCU can be used to carry out control data as main control computer, and transmit this data to one or more peripheral components.The principle of work of spi bus structural system is that simulating signal is converted to digital signal, digital quantity is transferred to single-chip microcomputer to carry out input, reaches control object.One or more pieces A/D converters of usual parallel-expansion when detection signal is high-frequency signal; When detection signal is low frequency tempolabile signal, Serial Extension A/D chip not only saves cost, and improves the reliability of system.
Along with the development of microprocessor and the widespread use in each field thereof, people propose more and more higher requirement to electronic measurement technique and Electronic device system, also grow with each passing day to the requirement of test speed and degree of accuracy.Test macro mainly comprises the high speed acquisition to real time data, on-the-spot display and analyzing and processing three part, and wherein a most important ring is exactly real time data high speed acquisition, because can it be related to state and the performance that truly reflect measurand.In order to meet the index of the Measurement and Control System of spi bus, the accuracy sampling improving data and the antijamming capability of system, prior art often adopts external data memory to preserve user program file and user's raw data, various status information when saved system runs and intermediate result.Prior art adopts external data memory extended method generally to adopt parallel mode to expand, and which takies the too many resource of controller.The number of general microcontroller chip SPI interface can not practical requirement.One is the controller can selecting to have multiple SPI interface, and two is the expansions being realized SPI interface by code translator expanded circuit, but the first scheme cost will increase, and first scheme can workout cost problem preferably.In the occasion of power-down data protection, need more rapid rate to carry out data transmission, traditional method cannot meet the demands.
In the controls; usually can receive the on-off model of other equipment to respond the generation of certain event; generally that it is connected with the I/O mouth of controller; identify by reading I/O mouth state; but a system breaker in middle amount number of signals is several at least; dozens of at most, it is unpractical for carrying out identification switch amount signal by I/O mouth.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the shortcomings such as traditional hardware circuit design method takies that resource is many, complex interfaces, extendability difference, provide a kind of circuit simple, compatible strong, versatility is good, the Measurement and Control System that access rate is fast, extended capability is strong.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be reached by following measures, a kind of Measurement and Control System based on spi bus, comprise power module, data processing module containing microprocessor, there is the chip selection signal module of easily extensible SPI interface device number, A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module, it is characterized in that: data processing module electric connecting sheet selects signaling module, chip selection signal module output terminal also connects A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module, A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module pass through data processing module, parallel outputs connection data processing module, data processing module passes through spi bus, a chip selection signal can only be had effectively to carry out control strip to synchronization selects signaling module to produce chip selection signal, control command realization data transmission is between the two sent to choosing module, and then realize A/D sampling, data access and switching value recognition function, Measurement and Control System state, in real time important parameter are written in data access module by spi bus by data access module data processing module, are used for by data reading analyzing, the control command that data processing module is changed to digital quantity to A/D converter transmission analog quantity by spi bus, sampling selects signal mode analog quantity to be converted to digital quantity by A/D sampling module, and transformation result is transmitted back to data processing module by spi bus processes, switching value identification module exports conversion timing sequence by the pin of microcontroller, the serial data of microcontroller serial input/Output Shift Register output is read from spi bus, the serial data of microcontroller serial input/Output Shift Register output is read by spi bus, obtain the input state of external signal, read 12 bit data finally by spi bus and it is processed.
The present invention, compared to existing Measurement and Control System, has following beneficial effect:
Circuit is simple.The single-chip microcomputer that the present invention is based on SPI serial line interface carries out read-write operation to peripheral function chips such as A/D conversion chip, FRAM storage chip, shift registers, completes analog quantity and preserves and the Measurement and Control System of the function such as external switch signal-obtaining to the conversion of semaphore, real-time parameter and data thereof.Data processing module by chip selection signal module, and connects A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module, greatly simplify hardware circuit design.Connection between each device is short and sweet, simplifies Measurement and Control System.In system, core devices is all with SPI interface, realizes the reading of data with spi bus, and spi bus only needs 3 ~ 5 lines to realize I/O, can meet the requirement of data acquisition system (DAS).
Have hardware configuration simple, software programming is easy to feature.Only need altogether 3 ~ 4 position datawires due to SPI system bus and control can realize carrying out interface with the various I/O devices with spi bus interface function, expand parallel bus and then need 8 data lines, 8 ~ 16 bit address lines, 2 ~ 3 control lines, therefore, adopt spi bus interface not only can simplify circuit design, save the interface device in a lot of custom circuit and I/O mouth line, improve the reliability of design, and spi bus can form various system under software control
Compatibility is strong, versatility is good.The present invention adopts microcontroller to send control command by spi bus to A/D converter and realizes the conversion of analog quantity to digital quantity in data processing module, switching value identification module exports conversion timing sequence by the pin of microcontroller, read serial data by spi bus, enhance compatibility and the versatility of system.
Access rate is fast.The present invention adopts a kind of maximum transmitted frequency to be system clock f
oSC1/4 high speed full duplex synchronous communication spi bus, add the speed of microcontroller access peripheral hardware, simultaneously can carry out high-speed communication with the equipment outside system by spi bus.
Expandability is strong.Data processing module of the present invention by having the chip selection signal module of easily extensible SPI interface device number, and connects A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module, adds the extensibility of system.Because chip selection signal signaling module determines the number that easily extensible has the device of SPI interface, chip selection signal has how many, just can expand how many devices, considerably increase the expandability of system.
The present invention all adopts spi bus mode due to each module, the functional chip with SPI interface only need be selected to be mounted on spi bus can expand by completion system, thus simplify hardware circuit design, simultaneously can complete multiplexing SPI correlative code on software, software reusability is better, can shorten software development cycle.
The present invention, by only having microcontroller chip controls external data memory, multiple peripheral components with SPI interface such as A/D conversion chip and shift register of 1 SPI interface, can provide analog acquisition interface, critical data access interface, on-off model acquisition interface for systems such as aircraft, automobile, steamers.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory schematic diagram of the Measurement and Control System based on spi bus.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 data processing module circuit theory schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 chip selection signal modular circuit principle schematic.
Fig. 4 is Fig. 1 switching value identification module circuit theory schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the buffer circuit principle schematic that Fig. 4 connects.
Fig. 6 is Fig. 1 data access module circuit theory schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is Figure 1A/D sampling module circuit theory schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is Fig. 1 power module circuitry principle schematic.
Embodiment
To illustrate the present invention further in the examples below, these embodiments only do not limit the present invention for illustration of the present invention.
In FIG, Measurement and Control System based on spi bus comprises power module, data processing module containing microprocessor, there is the chip selection signal module of easily extensible SPI interface device number, A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module, wherein: data processing module can adopt organizes the AVR single chip D101 of jtag interface and communication interface as data processor with joint test behavior, jtag interface effect is that external unit carries out field programming and analog simulation by jtag interface to AVR single chip, the single-chip microcomputer of data processor can be model be ATMEGA128, data processor ATMEGA128 only has a SPI interface, in order to multiple peripheral components with SPI interface can be controlled, this data processor can adopt 3-8 code translator to realize the maximum device that expansion 8 has SPI interface of can supporting, can by changing code translator or increasing the code translator expansion device with SPI interface more.
Data processing module is by single-chip microcomputer D101, power ground parallel filtering electric capacity C103, C136 and C137, crystal oscillator G101, crystal oscillator G101 load capacitance C101, C102 and the peripheral component composition formed for the JTAG simulated socket of download program, crystal oscillator G101 is quartz oscillator; Chip selection signal module is made up of 3-8 code translator D102 and power filtering capacitor C104.
A/D sampling module is used for analog quantity to be converted to digital quantity, data processing module is by having the chip selection signal module of easily extensible SPI interface device number, and connect A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module, described A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module are electrically connected data processing module by spi bus, and the data produced before and after data handling procedure are written to data access module by spi bus; Microcontroller in data processing module sends control command by spi bus to A/D converter and realizes the conversion of analog quantity to digital quantity, data access module based on the SPI serial line interface of microcontroller to the read-write operation of FRAM storage chip, complete real-time parameter and data preservation thereof, switching value identification module exports conversion timing sequence by the pin of microcontroller, to be converted complete after, read the serial data of microcontroller from spi bus, read 12 bit data finally by spi bus and it is processed.
In fig. 2, data processing module can adopt AVR single chip D101 as data processor, and this data processor can select model to be the single-chip microcomputer of AVR_MEGAI128 function series.Data processing module can by single-chip microcomputer D101, ground connection shunt capacitance C103, pins in parallel crystal oscillator G101, the peripheral component composition of crystal oscillator G101 shunt capacitance C101, C102, pins in parallel C136 and C137, in order to identify from the on-off model of outside, to sample to 8 analog signal channels and by data important for system, stored in external data memory and the data that write read list data or system cloud gray model from external data memory during; Data processing module forms jtag interface by JP101, and effect is that external unit can carry out field programming and analog simulation by jtag interface to AVR single chip.
Control multiple peripheral components with SPI interface, can be realized by chip selection signal module.Data processing module reads sampled data from the on-off model of external switch amount identification module, 8 external analog signal passages by A/D sampling module by spi bus, and the data write during list data in external data memory or system cloud gray model; Meanwhile, data processing module by data important for system, writes external data memory by spi bus.
In figure 3, chip selection signal module can select model to be the chip circuit of CD74C137NS function series.This chip selection signal module forms primarily of chip selection signal circuit D102 and the electric capacity C104 be connected in parallel between power pins VCC and ground wire or 0 line public terminal GND pin, because AVR single chip only has a SPI interface, in order to multiple SPI interface peripheral device can be controlled, therefore can adopt 3-8 code translator to realize, the maximum device can supporting expansion 8 SPI interfaces of the present embodiment, if desired expand the device of more SPI interface, then need to change code translator.
In the diagram, the switching value identification circuit that switching value identification module can be made up of the 8 bit shift register D103 of power pins VCC shunt capacitance C110 forms.The effect of switching value identification module to be a byte data by the State Transferring of 8 pins, wait data processing module reads, this switching value identification circuit, to multipotency identification 8 on-off model, if desired identifies more on-off model, then can expand multiple shift register.For carrying out insulation blocking to the input/output signal of D103; solid-state relay D110 pin output line parallel resistance R113, electric capacity C113 shown in Fig. 5 can be passed through; the resistance R114 of AGND, output CARRY pin output line shunt capacitance C114 and also interface electrical connection in analog; and pin output line is by resistance R104 shunt capacitance C124; the resistance R103 of pin output line electrical connection forms buffer circuit; wherein R113; R114 is pull-up resistor; electric capacity C113, C114, C124 are for filtering clutter, and R103 and R104 is current-limiting resistance.
In figure 6, data access module essence is the external data storer of band spi bus interface, can the important parameters such as Measurement and Control System state, real-time parameter be written in data access module by spi bus, by spi bus, data reading be used for analyzing.Data access module can adopt the parallel circuit controlling output line by ferroelectric memory D105 and its power pins VCC and HOLD tantalum electric capacity C128 and C108 that be connected is formed and interface powers on to form.Data after data processing module process can be written in ferroelectric memory by spi bus, also from storer, read related data by spi bus and participate in computing.
In the figure 7, A/D sampling module can adopt by conversion chip D106 and pin output line thereof to connect with AGND in analog tantalum electric capacity C130 contact be electrically connected and with electric capacity C111 in analog the reference source D108 of AGND shunt circuit, electric capacity C122, the power pins VCC of REFADADJ output line in parallel is electrically connected tantalum electric capacity C129, electric capacity C109 Capacitance parallel connection loop forms, wherein C111 and tantalum electric capacity C130 provides reference voltage for A/D conversion chip D106, and tantalum electric capacity C129, electric capacity C109 and C122 can filter out power clutters.Data processing module writes corresponding control command by spi bus to A/D conversion chip and realizes conversion, and result is transmitted back to data processing module by spi bus processes.
In fig. 8, power module comprises filtering circuit, tank circuit and DC-DC conversion circuit, power-supply filter N301 filter out power clutter, improves Electromagnetic Compatibility; The shunt circuit that power-supply filter N301 is consisted of resistance R401 and the diode V401 of the electrical connection of the tantalum electric capacity in parallel of the Large Copacity on parallel line C402 contact, when there is surge and instantaneous power-down in power supply, protection back-end circuit; Power module N201 carries out DC-DC conversion, for other modules provide galvanic current source.
Claims (10)
1. the Measurement and Control System based on spi bus, comprise power module, data processing module containing microprocessor, there is the chip selection signal module of easily extensible SPI interface device number, A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module, it is characterized in that: data processing module electric connecting sheet selects signaling module, chip selection signal module output terminal also connects A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module, A/D sampling module, data access module and switching value identification module pass through data processing module, parallel outputs connection data processing module, data processing module passes through spi bus, a chip selection signal can only be had effectively to carry out control strip to synchronization selects signaling module to produce chip selection signal, control command realization data transmission is between the two sent to choosing module, and then realize A/D sampling, data access and switching value recognition function, Measurement and Control System state, in real time important parameter are written in data access module by spi bus by data access module data processing module, are used for by data reading analyzing, the control command that data processing module is changed to digital quantity to A/D converter transmission analog quantity by spi bus, sampling selects signal mode analog quantity to be converted to digital quantity by A/D sampling module, and transformation result is transmitted back to data processing module by spi bus processes, switching value identification module exports conversion timing sequence by the pin of microcontroller, the serial data of microcontroller serial input/Output Shift Register output is read from spi bus, the serial data of microcontroller serial input/Output Shift Register output is read by spi bus, obtain the input state of external signal, read 12 bit data finally by spi bus and it is processed.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the Measurement and Control System of spi bus, it is characterized in that: data processing module organizes jtag interface and communication interface with joint test behavior, this data processing module adopts AVR single chip D101 as data processor.
3. as claimed in claim 2 based on the Measurement and Control System of spi bus, it is characterized in that: the single-chip microcomputer of data processor to be model be ATMEGA128.
4. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 based on the Measurement and Control System of spi bus, it is characterized in that: data processing module is by single-chip microcomputer D101, power ground parallel filtering electric capacity C103, C136 and C137, crystal oscillator G101, crystal oscillator G101 load capacitance C101, C102 and the peripheral component composition formed for the JTAG simulated socket of download program, crystal oscillator G101 is quartz oscillator.
5. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 based on the Measurement and Control System of spi bus, it is characterized in that: data processing module reads sampled data from the on-off model of external switch amount identification module, 8 external analog signal passages by A/D sampling module by spi bus, and the data write during list data in external data memory or system cloud gray model; Meanwhile, data processing module by data important for system, writes external data memory by spi bus.
6., as claimed in claim 1 based on the Measurement and Control System of spi bus, it is characterized in that: chip selection signal module is made up of 3-8 code translator D102 and power filtering capacitor C104.
7. as claimed in claim 1 based on the Measurement and Control System of spi bus, it is characterized in that: in order to multiple peripheral components with SPI interface can be controlled, data processor adopts 3-8 code translator to realize the maximum device that expansion 8 has SPI interface of can supporting, by changing code translator or increasing the code translator expansion device with SPI interface more.
8., as claimed in claim 1 based on the Measurement and Control System of spi bus, it is characterized in that: the switching value identification circuit that switching value identification module is made up of the 8 bit shift register D103 of power pins VCC shunt capacitance C110 forms; For carrying out insulation blocking to the input/output signal of D103, be made up of solid-state relay D110 and peripheral components.
9. as claimed in claim 1 based on the Measurement and Control System of spi bus, it is characterized in that: for carrying out insulation blocking to the input/output signal of D103, solid-state relay D110 pin output line parallel resistance R113 can be passed through, electric capacity C113, AGND in analog, export the resistance R114 of CARRY pin output line shunt capacitance C114 and also interface electrical connection, and pin output line is by resistance R104 shunt capacitance C124, the resistance R103 of pin output line electrical connection forms buffer circuit, wherein R113, R114 is pull-up resistor, electric capacity C113, C114, C124 is for filtering clutter, and R103 and R104 is current-limiting resistance.
10. as claimed in claim 1 based on the Measurement and Control System of spi bus, it is characterized in that: A/D sampling module is by voltage reference source D108, A/D conversion chip D106 and C129, the filtering circuit composition of C109 and C122 composition, wherein D108 and peripheral components C110 and C130 thereof to be electrically connected and with the reference source D108 of electric capacity C111 AGND shunt circuit in analog by conversion chip D106 and pin output line thereof tantalum electric capacity C130 contact of connecting with AGND in analog, the electric capacity C122 of REFADADJ output line in parallel, power pins VCC is electrically connected tantalum electric capacity C129, electric capacity C109 Capacitance parallel connection loop forms, wherein C111 and tantalum electric capacity C130 provides the reference voltage of+4.096V for A/D conversion chip D106, tantalum electric capacity C129, electric capacity C109 and C122 is used for filter out power clutter, data processing module writes corresponding control command by spi bus to A/D conversion chip and realizes conversion, and result is transmitted back to data processing module by spi bus processes.
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| CN108303970A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-20 | 吉旗（成都）科技有限公司 | A kind of method of automatic identification vehicle diagnosis interface channel |
| CN113534358A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2021-10-22 | 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司 | Optical module |
| CN113672536A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-19 | 北京微纳星空科技有限公司 | Data storage system, storage module and data storage method |
| CN114780029A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-22 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Device identification method and related device |
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