CN105287060B - 用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器 - Google Patents

用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器 Download PDF

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CN105287060B
CN105287060B CN201510451399.XA CN201510451399A CN105287060B CN 105287060 B CN105287060 B CN 105287060B CN 201510451399 A CN201510451399 A CN 201510451399A CN 105287060 B CN105287060 B CN 105287060B
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fusion device
invasive lumbar
lumbar fusion
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vertebra
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赵大镇
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Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Kyung Hee University
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/4455Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30331Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
    • A61F2002/30362Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit with possibility of relative movement between the protrusion and the recess
    • A61F2002/30364Rotation about the common longitudinal axis
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    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
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    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30593Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for hollow
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    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器,其特征在于,形成为两侧形成有垂直孔(a)的日字形形状,且包括椎间融合器正面(10)、椎间融合器右侧面(20)、椎间融合器左侧面(30)、椎间融合器背面(40)、椎间融合器平面(50)、椎间融合器底面(60)。根据本发明的用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器可实现将一个椎间融合器从脊椎的正面、侧面、倾斜面均可插入,手术医师可根据需要自由选择椎间融合器的方向并插入于脊椎,因此提高了手术的方便性。

Description

用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器(CAGE),尤其涉及一种用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器,其平面为日字形,前面为梯形,右侧面为左侧垂直线的长度较长的梯形;左侧面为右侧垂直线的长度较长的梯形,且比右侧面的左侧垂直线的长度短的形状;背面为左侧垂直线的长度较长的梯形;在正面及右侧面设有用于临时结合工具的多个孔,构成为能够使将融合器从脊椎的正面、侧面或斜线方向进行自由安装。
背景技术
一般情况下,用于植入脊椎的融合器(Cage)插入于摘除椎间盘(disc)的所属脊椎之间,从而作为恢复及保持所述两脊椎的间隔的人工假体,所述用于植入脊椎的融合器(Cage)以现有的多种形态构成,从而广泛应用在脊椎手术中。
另外,随着现有椎间盘的磨损,为了置换椎间盘,开发了前方及侧(lateral)(侧方)融合器,从而用于脊椎椎间盘手术,所述融合器可插入于脊椎的磨损了的椎间盘位置。
所述现有的侧方融合器的立体图、俯视图及侧面图分别示出于图1、图2、图3。
如所述附图所示,现有侧方融合器10具有与位于脊椎的椎体(body)(参照图4的32及34、图5的34)之间的椎间盘(图4的36)的宽度和高度相对应的宽度(图中的横向长度)和高度,并且在其中央上下形成有其宽度方向狭长的贯通孔14,在其前面和后面的大概中央部分以向贯通孔14贯通的方式分别形成有小圆孔17、18,在与所述贯通孔14的侧部相连的上面与下面,分别形成有多个锯齿15、16、19,其右侧部11的两侧面形成有槽13。
对如上所述构成的现有的侧方融合器10的使用方法说明如下。
换句话说,在将侧方融合器10插入于脊椎椎间盘受损患者的受损椎间盘位置之前,将颗粒状的骨碎片(bonechip)与患者的自体骨或血液混合后,填充到侧方融合器10的贯通孔14内并夯实,然后,如图4所示,用夹具(参照图4的20)夹住形成于侧方融合器10的右侧部11的两侧面的槽(home)13,通过与患者受损椎间盘相对应的切开的侧面,从而插入在位于脊椎的椎体32、34之间的受损椎间盘36的位置。此时,将使用锤子等敲击夹具并插入。由此,插入侧方融合器10的状态的平面图如图5所示。
所述现有的侧方融合器10具有如下的问题。
第一,因前方用只能用于前方、侧方用只能用于侧方,在实际手术中,侧方用不能替代前方用,将前方用用作侧方用时,在椎间盘空间窄的情况下,勉强插入时,会引起脊椎骨板受损,以及可能会因此而引起脊椎不愈合等问题。
此外,手术时,因一次性插入于患者脊椎的侧方融合器10的左侧部12端部的高度与其它部分的高度几乎相同,同样患者的椎间盘空间窄时,为了在椎体和椎体之间插入,需要施加大的力量,可能会引发脊椎骨板的损伤,因施加的力量大容易使骨碎片(参照图5)40在尚未置于脊椎体之间之前脱落,所以手术后随着时间的经过可能会出现不愈合的并发症。
此外,图6及图7表示本发明的现有技术的椎间融合器(日本未经审查的专利申请编号9-503416)。在现有技术中,椎间融合器(Intervertebral cage)50包括:一对左/右半圆形侧面间隔片(spacer)51A、51B;通过左/右固定螺丝55相互固定为一体的前方及后方中央间隔片(spacers)53A、53B。所述椎间融合器50,在摘除椎间盘之后插入于上部椎体59U和下部椎体59L之间。所述中央间隔片53A、53B及侧面间隔片51A、51B形成腔体(cavity)57。
所述现有技术具有以下问题:1)所述椎间融合器50包括多个构成要素,并具有复杂结构,2)因为未设置有防椎间融合器脱落的凸起部,所以椎间融合器插入于椎体之间后,不能充分被固定在椎体之间。
此外,在现有技术中,椎间融合器50从前方插入于上部椎体和下部椎体之间,但以不从纵向倾斜的前方插入为前提。因此,需要对椎间融合器进行改善。
换句话说,现有椎间融合器分为前面用、侧面用、斜面用等,而且均需要使用不同的辅助器械。
发明内容
本发明为了解决所述问题,使椎间融合器能够从脊椎的正面、侧面、及倾斜面插入,手术医师可根据需要自由选择椎间融合器的方向并插入于脊椎,最终目的在于最大限度地减少医疗消耗品的费用。
作为用于达到所述目的的装置,
本发明形成为两侧形成有垂直孔a的日字形形状,且包括椎间融合器正面10、椎间融合器右侧面20、椎间融合器左侧面30、椎间融合器背面40、椎间融合器平面50、椎间融合器底面60;所述椎间融合器的正面10在左侧形成梯形形状的面,在右侧形成矩形面;所述椎间融合器的右侧面20位于所述椎间融合器正面的右侧,且形成为左侧垂直线长,而上部线和下部线倾斜,右侧垂直线短的梯形形状;所述椎间融合器的左侧面30位于所述椎间融合器正面的左侧,且形成为右侧垂直线长,而上部线和下部线倾斜、左侧垂直线短的梯形形状,并且左侧面的右侧垂直线比右侧面的左侧垂直线短;所述椎间融合器的背面40位于所述椎间融合器正面的后方,且左侧形成梯形的面,右侧形成矩形面;椎间融合器平面50及底面60位于所述椎间融合器的正面的上部与下部,为了增加与脊椎骨的接触性,附加形成防滑装置。
此外,为了插入至脊椎骨之间,就所述椎间融合器正面10和右侧面20而言,在整个正面和侧面上形成有多个敲击辅助孔1,所述敲击辅助孔1用于临时结合工具来进行敲击。
此外,所述防滑装置70形成为如下结构体:凹凸型结构体70a,其依次形成有凹陷部和凸起部;或者真空压缩型结构体70b,其以上部截断的圆锥形态构成,且内侧形成凹陷部,从而能够实现真空压缩。
此外,所述防滑装置70制作成挂钩型结构体70c,以便结合于脊椎之间后不容易后退。
此外,所述挂钩型结构体70c包括固定体70d和作为移动体的挂钩70e,并将挂钩70e设置成可自身旋转。
如上所述,本发明构成为可实现将一个椎间融合器从脊椎的正面、侧面、倾斜面均可插入,手术医师可根据需要自由选择椎间融合器的方向并插入于脊椎,因此大大提高了手术的方便性。
附图说明
图1至图7是现有的脊椎融合器的构成图。
图8是本发明的脊椎融合器的立体图。
图9是本发明的脊椎融合器的六面图。
图10是另外制作本发明的防滑装置的第一实施例的图。
图11是另外制作本发明的防滑装置的第二实施例的图。
图12是图11的关键部位放大图。
图13是将本发明的脊椎融合器插入的场景照片,从正面向背面插入时的操作照片。
图14是将本发明的脊椎融合器从正面向背面插入完成时的照片。
图15是将本发明的脊椎融合器插入的场景照片,沿斜线方向插入时的操作照片。
图16是将本发明的脊椎融合器沿斜线方向插入完成时的照片。
图17是将本发明的脊椎融合器从侧面插入时的操作照片。
图18是将本发明的脊椎融合器从侧面插入完成时的照片。
图19是在脊椎融合器内面形成凹凸型的状态的立体图。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图和说明,对本发明的优选实施例的操作原理进行详细说明。但是以下所示附图和后述的说明是针对用于有效地说明本发明的特征可实施的多种方法中的优选实施方法的,且本发明并不限定于以下附图和说明。
此外,在以下说明中,对相关的公知功能或构成的具体说明被判断为会给本发明的要旨带来不必要的模糊时,将省略该详细说明。另外,以下用语是考虑本发明的功能而被定义的用语,这些可能会根据使用者、运用者的意图或惯例等而不同。因此,其定义应以本发明的整体内容为基础而定义。
此外,在以下实施的本发明的优选实施例中,为了有效地说明实现本发明的技术性构成要素,尽量省略在各个的系统功能构成中已经具备的,或在本发明所属的技术领域内通常具备的系统功能构成,主要针对为了本发明而应额外具备的功能构成进行说明。
如果是在本发明所属领域内具备通常知识的人,在以下没有示出而被省略的功能构成中能够容易理解现有已经在使用的构成要素的功能,此外,也能够明确理解所述被省略的构成要素与为了本发明而附加的构成要素之间的关系。
此外,在以下实施例中,为了有效地说明本发明的核心技术特征,并帮助在本发明所属技术领域具有通常知识的人能够明确理解,将对术语进行适当的变形后使用,但本发明并不限定于此。
最终,本发明的技术性思想取决于权利要求范围,以下实施例仅仅是为了向本发明所属技术领域内具有通常知识的人有效地说明创造性的本发明的技术性思想的一种方法。
参照附图8-19,本发明的椎间融合器100整体上形成为前面厚、后面薄,同时右侧厚、左侧薄。因此,插入于脊椎骨200时,可从前面往后面插入结合,可沿45度倾斜方向从左侧向右侧插入结合,也可将椎间融合器100掉转后沿45度倾斜方向从右侧往左侧插入结合。此外,本发明可从脊椎的侧面插入结合,即从左侧往右侧、或从右侧往左侧插入结合。
以下对本发明的构成要素进行详细观察。
本发明的椎间融合器100整体形成为直六面体形态,且为两侧形成有垂直的孔a的日字形形状。
本发明的椎间融合器的正面10实现为,在左侧形成梯形的面,在右侧形成矩形面。
本发明的椎间融合器的右侧面20实现为,左侧垂直线形成得较长,上部线和下部线倾斜,右侧垂直线形成得较短的梯形形状。
本发明的椎间融合器的左侧面30实现为,右侧垂直线形成得较长,上部线和下部线倾斜,左侧垂直线形成得较短的梯形形状,且左侧面的右侧垂直线比右侧面的左侧垂直线短。
本发明的椎间融合器的背面40实现为,在左侧形成梯形形状的面,在右侧形成矩形面。
并且,本发明的椎间融合器的平面50和底面60实现为,为了增加与脊椎骨之间的接触性附加形成防滑装置。
此外,本发明的椎间融合器的正面10和右侧面20形成有多个用于敲击辅助的孔1,以便插入于脊椎骨之间时,用于临时结合工具并敲击。
另外,作为本发明实施例的防滑装置70可构成为多种形态,可以制作成如下结构体:凹凸型结构体70a,其依次形成有凹陷部和凸起部;或者真空压缩型结构体70b,其以上部截断的圆锥形态构成,且内侧形成凹陷部,从而能够实现真空压缩;挂钩型结构体70c,其结合于脊椎之间,防止轻易后退。
尤其,所述挂钩形结构体70c包括固定体70d和作为移动体的挂钩70e,并将挂钩70e设置为可自行旋转,将椎间融合器100从正面结合时,使挂钩70e的末端部向结合方向的反方向旋转,从而在插入时不受影响的同时,在脱离时,挂钩70e的末端部挂住于脊椎骨200的平面接触面,从而不易于被移动。此外,向倾斜方向结合椎间融合器100时,因挂钩70e的末端部向插入方向的反方向倾斜排列,从而在沿倾斜方向插入于脊椎骨200时能够顺利完成插入,与此同时,在脱离时,挂钩70e的末端部挂住于脊椎骨200的平面接触面,从而不容易被移动。并且,从脊椎骨200的后端向侧面方向插入结合时,因挂钩70e的末端部向结合方向的反方向旋转排列,从而在插入时自然地插入到脊椎中,而在脱离时,因挂钩70e的末端部挂住于脊椎骨200的平面接触面,从而不容易被脱离。
以下对本发明的组装方法进行详细说明。
本发明的椎间融合器100构成为通过脊椎骨200的正面和倾斜面可容易插入结合,同时也能够以从脊椎骨200的后面向左侧方向、或右侧方向插入结合的方式构成。
换句话说,本发明的椎间融合器100基本制作成前高后低及右高左低形式,制作成包括两个垂直孔a的日字形,且正面高、背面低,同时制作成右侧高、左侧低。
按照所述方法制作后,左侧面及背面的连接面部分的厚度形成为最薄,正面及右侧面的连接面部分的厚度形成为最厚。
因此,将椎间融合器100沿倾斜面方向结合到脊椎时,从厚度薄的部分往厚度厚的部分插入,因此比较容易将椎间融合器100沿左侧倾斜面插入结合,并且,将椎间融合器100以水平轴为中心翻转后,左侧面与右侧面被逆转,从而比较容易沿右侧倾斜面插入结合。
如上所述,沿倾斜面方向结合椎间融合器100时,使用工具通过位于边角方向的敲击辅助用孔1进行敲击,从而可容易将椎间融合器100结合于脊椎骨。
并且,从正面向背面方向插入椎间融合器100时,因正面10厚而背面40薄,所以可容易将椎间融合器100插入结合到脊椎骨200之间。
如上所述,沿正面方向结合椎间融合器100时,使用工具通过位于正面的敲击辅助用孔1进行敲击,从而可容易将椎间融合器100结合至脊椎骨200。
此外,将椎间融合器100从脊椎骨200的背面向左侧结合时,因左侧面30薄而右侧面20厚,所以比较容易从脊椎骨200的背面向左侧插入结合。当然,向右侧插入结合时,将椎间融合器100以水平轴为中心翻转即可。
如上所述,沿左侧面方向结合椎间融合器100时,使用工具通过位于右侧面20的敲击辅助用孔1进行敲击,从而容易将椎间融合器100结合至脊椎骨。
以下对本发明的作用效果进行说明。
本发明为了从根本上减轻重量,采用包括2个孔的日字形的结构物制作椎间融合器100,并制作成左侧面30及背面40的连接面部分最薄,正面10及右侧面20的连接面部分最厚。
插入本发明的椎间融合器100时,插入结合在脊椎骨200之间,因椎间融合器100的厚度为背面40薄而正面10厚,所以能够从脊椎骨200的正面方向往背面方向插入。此外,因左侧面30薄而右侧面20厚,所以能够从脊椎骨200的左侧面方向往右侧面方向插入。因椎间融合器100的左侧面30及背面40的连接部分薄,而正面10及右侧面20的连接部分厚,所以能够从右侧倾斜面方向往左侧倾斜面方向插入。
当然,如果将椎间融合器100以水平轴为中心翻转,则能够从脊椎骨200的左侧面方向往右侧面方向插入,此外,能够从脊椎骨200的左侧倾斜面方向往右侧倾斜面方向插入。
此外,本发明使得椎间融合器100以在脊椎骨200之间得以结合并不滑动的方式进行制作,基本上在椎间融合器100的上部面和下部面进一步形成防滑装置70。
换句话说,因在脊椎骨200之间插入椎间融合器100之后,可能会发生滑动并脱离,所以为了在结合于脊椎骨200之间的同时防止滑动脱离,进一步形成防滑装置70。
为此,在本发明中,可从以下类型中选择制作防滑装置70:凹凸型结构体70a,其依次形成有凹陷部和凸起部;真空压缩型结构体70b,其以上部截断的圆锥形态构成,且内侧形成凹陷部,从而能够实现真空压缩;挂钩型结构体70c,其结合于脊椎之间,防止轻易后退,因此,本发明实现了,将椎间融合器100结合到脊椎骨200之间时,不会滑落且容易将椎间融合器100结合到脊椎之间。
此外,在与椎间融合器100的正面10相面对的相反侧内面10a上形成有凹凸型70f,所述凹凸型70f依次形成有凹陷部和凸起部。内面10a的内侧向空的空间插入同种骨(自体骨:autograft)或异种骨(异体骨:allograft),从而最终有利于骨融合(bony fusion),通过实现所述凹凸型,从而使得位于内部的自体骨或异体骨在脊椎椎体间(intervertebral)插入脊椎融合器时不易脱落,从而有利于骨愈合。
标号说明
10:椎间融合器的正面
20:椎间融合器的右侧面
30:椎间融合器的左侧面
40:椎间融合器的背面
50:椎间融合器的平面
60:椎间融合器的底面
100:椎间融合器的主体

Claims (6)

1.一种用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器,其特征在于:
以两侧形成有垂直孔(a)的日字形形状形成,且包括椎间融合器正面(10)、椎间融合器右侧面(20)、椎间融合器左侧面(30)、椎间融合器背面(40)、椎间融合器平面(50)、椎间融合器底面(60);
所述椎间融合器的正面(10)在左侧形成梯形形状的面,在右侧形成矩形面;
所述椎间融合器的右侧面(20)位于所述椎间融合器的正面的右侧,且形成为左侧垂直线形成得较长,上部线和下部线倾斜,右侧垂直线形成得较短的梯形形状;
所述椎间融合器的左侧面(30)位于所述椎间融合器的正面的左侧,且形成为右侧垂直线形成得较长,上部线和下部线倾斜,左侧垂直线形成得较短的梯形形状,并且左侧面的右侧垂直线比右侧面的左侧垂直线短;
所述椎间融合器的背面(40)位于所述椎间融合器的正面的后方,且左侧形成梯形形状的面,右侧形成矩形面;
椎间融合器的平面(50)及底面(60)位于所述椎间融合器的正面的上部和下部,为了增加与脊椎骨的接触性,附加形成防滑装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器,其特征在于:
为了插入于脊椎骨之间,就所述椎间融合器正面(10)和右侧面(20)而言,在整个正面和侧面上形成有多个敲击辅助用孔(1),所述敲击辅助用孔(1)用于临时结合工具来进行敲击。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器,其特征在于:
所述防滑装置(70)形成为如下结构体:凹凸型结构体(70a),其依次形成有凹陷部和凸起部;或者真空压缩型结构体(70b),其以上部截断的圆锥形态构成,且内侧形成凹陷部,从而能够实现真空压缩。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器,其特征在于:
所述防滑装置(70)制作成挂钩型结构体(70c),以便结合于脊椎之间后不易后退。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器,其特征在于:
所述挂钩型结构体(70c)包括固定体(70d)和作为移动体的挂钩(70e),且将挂钩(70e)设置成可自行旋转。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于植入脊椎的椎间融合器,其特征在于:
在与椎间融合器(100)的正面(10)相面对的相反侧内面(10a)上形成有凹凸型(70f),所述凹凸型(70f)依次形成有凹陷部和凸起部。
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US9788967B2 (en) 2017-10-17
KR101524532B1 (ko) 2015-06-01

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