CN105149333A - Method for restoring strontium-contaminated soil through oilseed rape - Google Patents
Method for restoring strontium-contaminated soil through oilseed rape Download PDFInfo
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- CN105149333A CN105149333A CN201510726345.XA CN201510726345A CN105149333A CN 105149333 A CN105149333 A CN 105149333A CN 201510726345 A CN201510726345 A CN 201510726345A CN 105149333 A CN105149333 A CN 105149333A
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- rape
- strontium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
Abstract
The invention provides a method for restoring strontium-contaminated soil through oilseed rape. The method includes the following steps that the oilseed rape is planted in the strontium-contaminated soil, and the overground part of the oilseed rape is harvested or the whole oilseed rape is moved away from the flowering period of the oilseed rape to the fruiting period of the oilseed rape. According to the method, the restoration and treatment efficiency of the strontium-contaminated soil is high, operation is simple, treatment cost is low, management is convenient, the in-situ restoration effect is good, the method can be used for restoration and treatment of the large-area strontium-contaminated soil, a new choice is provided for removing soil strontium contamination, and high application and popularization value is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the phytoremediation technology field of environment, be specifically related to a kind of method utilizing rape to repair strontium polluted soil.
Background technology
Along with the exploitation of nuclear technology, a large amount of active nucleus waste matter entered environments, causes great radioactive pollution to ecological environment especially soil.Wherein, strontium (Sr) is as one of modal nuclear waste, long-term pollution is formed after entered environment, be difficult to eliminate, and easily enter in plant from soil, then enter animal, accumulation eventually through food chain enters human body, be deposited on bone, cause haemocyte, osteocyte and Skin Cell mortality, the health of the serious threat mankind.Therefore, the environmental improvement of polluting for strontium gets more and more people's extensive concerning.
Utilize phytoremediation to administer method that radioactive contamination of soil problem is effective, cheap a, environmental protection, at present gradually by people are paid attention to, but problem [the soup pool equalitys such as present stage exists, and hyperaccumulative plant kind is less, biomass is little and accumulation rate is not high, the phytoremediation that soil radioactivity nucleic pollutes and utilization, Agriculture of Anhui science, 3009,37 (13): 6101-6103], cause radioactive contamination of soil repairing and treating efficiency low, limit the application of phytoremediation in repairing and treating strontium polluted soil.
Rape is that China's sown area is maximum, the oil crops that Area distribution is the widest, although known rape pollutes soil strontium certain accumulation ability, but existing report thinks that the accumulation ability of rape to strontium is limited, at content of strontium be in the Hoagland nutrient solution of 1mmol/L the overground part accumulation of rape to strontium be only 0.39mg/g[open dawn snow etc., ten Plants pair under water planting condition
88sr and
133the absorption of Cs and enrichment [J], north gardening 2009 (10): 65 ~ 67], because the heavy metal of soil own has suction-operated, plant is enriching heavy metal relative difficult in soil, thus the accumulation of rape in soil from theory can be very low, is difficult to be used in the repairing and treating work in strontium polluted soil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for the reparation strontium polluted soil that a kind of governance efficiency is high, cost is low.
The invention provides a kind of method utilizing rape to administer strontium polluted soil, step is as follows:
Rape is planted in strontium polluted soil, in florescence of rape to fruiting period, the aerial part of harvesting rape or remove rape entirety.
Wherein, in described soil, the concentration of strontium is 25 ~ 100mg/kg.
Wherein, described harvesting and/or time of removing are the fruiting period of rape.
Wherein, the plantation step of described rape is: a, in soil, apply base manure; B, rape seed; C, applying are topdressed.
Wherein, in step a, described base manure is composite fertilizer, and applied amount is 40 ~ 50kg/ mu;
Or base manure is the mixture of urea and calcium superphosphate, wherein amount of urea is 25 ~ 35kg/ mu, and calcium superphosphate consumption is 40 ~ 50kg/ mu.
Wherein, in step b, the mode of described rape seed is live, and application rate is 0.25kg/ mu.
Wherein, in step b, the time of described rape seed is for sowing in spring and/or autumn sowing.
Further, the time of described spring sowing is 4 annual ~ May; The time of described autumn sowing is 9 annual ~ October.
Wherein, in step c, described in the application time that topdresses be cultivation 15 days after-applied 1 time, apply 1 squaring period.
Wherein, in step c, described in topdress as urea, each applied amount is 5 ~ 10kg/ mu.
Rape (BrassicanapusL.) is Cruciferae Btassica annual plant, and growth course is divided into seedling stage, squaring period, florescence, fruiting period and maturity period 5 growthdevelopmental stages.
Rape is noted preventing disease and pest, and seedling stage, dispenser prevented aphid, and initial bloom stage spray medicine prevents sclerotiniose twice.
Rape harvesting or entirety removed from contaminated soil adopts the method for burning to carry out harmless treatment, and the residue containing strontium after burning processes further by the mode such as Footwall drift, landfill.
In general, along with the prolongation of implantation time, the enriching quantity of plant heavy metal increases gradually; that is; the time of the plantation of plant is longer, and the enriching quantity of heavy metal is higher, and rape is also [Niu Yadian like this; different rape variety is to the resistance to sex differernce of cadmium and preliminary mechanism research [D] thereof; Hua Zhong Agriculture University, 2012], therefore; when with rape enriching heavy metal, usually can be removed again in the maturity period of rape.
But, the present inventor but finds, during with rape enrichment Sr, really not so, but along with the prolongation of implantation time, rape first increases rear reduction to the enriching quantity of Sr, it is the highest at the Sr enriching quantity of florescence and fruiting period, and greatly decline on the contrary at maturity period Sr enriching quantity, significantly lower than florescence and fruiting period, particularly, in rape fruiting period, its full dose Sr accumulation and concentration coefficient the highest comparable maturity period improve 4.8 times, aerial part Sr accumulation can reach 5.2 times of the maturity period, transfer ratio can reach 3.8 times of the maturity period, therefore, the present invention is by cultivating florescence and fruiting period by rape, the mode of local part is removed or gathers in by rape entirety, greatly can improve the enriching quantity of rape to Sr, achieve completely unexpected effect.
Growth of rape in the inventive method is fast, and biomass is large, and pollute in (100mg/kg) soil at high concentration strontium by force to the tolerance of strontium, growth is normal, does not occur any murder by poisoning phenomenon; And the florescence of rape has good ornamental value.
Meanwhile, the inventive method is simple to operate, disposal cost is low, convenient management, not spoiled soil structure and physicochemical property in governance process, do not cause secondary pollution, in-situ immobilization is effective, can be used for the repairing and treating of large area strontium polluted soil, provides new selection for removing the pollution of soil strontium.
Obviously, according to foregoing of the present invention, according to ordinary technical knowledge and the customary means of this area, not departing under the present invention's above-mentioned basic fundamental thought prerequisite, the amendment of other various ways, replacement or change can also be made.
The detailed description of the invention of form by the following examples, is described in further detail foregoing of the present invention again.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following example.All technology realized based on foregoing of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 Rice-rape fields upper part is at the enriched character of different growth stage to strontium
Fig. 2 Rice-rape fields upper part compares at the transfer ratio in florescence, fruiting period, maturity period, concentration coefficient,
Left side figure is that transfer ratio compares, and the right figure is that concentration coefficient compares.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described further with embodiment below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The method of embodiment 1 repairing and treating strontium polluted soil of the present invention
Concrete grammar is as follows:
In strontium polluted soil, apply composite fertilizer, applied amount is 40 ~ 50kg/ mu; Then sow rape seed, respectively impose urea 1 time with squaring period in cultivation after 15 days, applied amount is each 5 ~ 10kg/ mu;
When growth of rape is to fruiting period, the harvesting of Rice-rape fields upper part or entirety are removed from contaminated soil.
Plant harvesting or entirety removed from contaminated soil adopts the method for burning to carry out harmless treatment, and the residue containing strontium after burning processes further by the mode such as Footwall drift, landfill.
Below by way of test example, beneficial effect of the present invention is described.
Test example 1 rape each period is to the absorption of strontium, K+transport
The present invention adopts outdoor potted plant method plantation rape, and rape seed is purchased from the grand Zhong Ye Co., Ltd in Sichuan (kind is No. 43, river oil); Strontium chloride (SrCl2 analyzes pure) is purchased from Ke Long Co., Ltd; Composite fertilizer, urea are all purchased from the plump industry Co., Ltd of Chengdu, Sichuan fertile soil.
The potted plant place of the present invention is carried out at Sichuan Teachers University Life Science College the 3rd laboratory building, and the quality of potted plant soil used is loam, and its physicochemical property is in table 1.
Table 1 soil physico-chemical property
This research simulation Sr level of pollution [ρ (Sr)] is designed to 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, and not add external source Sr group (CK) as a control group, the applying form of external source Sr is SrCl2.
Under potted plant simulated test condition, in order to avoid the sedimentation that causes Sr in soil after pouring water and loss, pollute the change of level.Sr to add in soil aging 6 months by this research in advance, that is: be poured onto in the soil of certain mass by high concentration Sr solution, mixing, and keep maximum water-holding capacity, darkroom places 6 months.After ageing of metal process, Sr is fully combined with soil particle, can avoid the loss of Sr, maintains the Sr level of pollution of initial design.
Adopt soil progressively dilution method, take aging after soil, mix with pollution-free soil (add composite fertilizer, applied amount is 40 ~ 50kg/ mu), after being diluted to required level of pollution, dress basin, each process repeats for 3 times.
Mid-October is sowed, and undertaken pouring water and topdressing by field production management expectancy, namely rape was throughout the growing season poured water 1 time every 3 ~ 5 days, and impose urea 1 time with squaring period in cultivation after 15 days, applied amount of topdressing is each 5 ~ 10kg/ mu.Gather rape sample respectively in seedling stage, squaring period, florescence, fruiting period, maturity period, the root system of collection uses tap water, 20mmol/LNa successively
2-EDTA processes 20min and deionized water rinsing, then sample is divided into root, stem, leaf, 110 DEG C of 10min that complete, and 65 DEG C dry to constant weight, and after plant pulverizer grinds, crosses 2mm plastic screen, for subsequent use.
Adopt flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer to measure Sr content, adopt SPSS18.0 software to data analysis, origin9.0 maps.
Result calculates:
Sr content in Sr content+leaf in aerial part Sr accumulation=stem
Sr content under ground portion Sr accumulation=root
Full dose Sr accumulation (the Sr accumulation namely in plant)=aerial part Sr content+under ground portion Sr content
Transfer ratio (TF)=aerial part Sr content/under ground portion Sr content;
Sr content in concentration coefficient (BCF)=plant/(in soil Sr background value+external source Sr addition) the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 rape each period absorbs Sr, K+transport
Note: (a, b, c, d) expression, adopt Duncan Multiple range test to the different lowercase of same row, and the rape Sr accumulation difference in contemporaneity different Sr concentration soil reaches the level of signifiance (P<0.05).
Rice-rape fields upper part is compared at the accumulation ability of different growing to Sr, the results are shown in Figure 1 and Fig. 2.In Fig. 2, unit mg.kg
-1=mg/kg.
From table 2 and Fig. 1, Fig. 2, rape all has certain absorption to Sr each period, but under different times, different Sr concentration soil, the absorbability of rape to Sr is variant.
Wherein, under four kinds of Sr concentration soil, full dose Sr accumulation, the concentration coefficient of florescence and fruiting period are all significantly higher than seedling stage, squaring period and maturity period, especially best with fruiting period effect, full dose Sr accumulation and concentration coefficient the highest comparable maturity period improve 4.8 times, therefore remove rape entirety at rape florescence or fruiting period, other periods such as maturity period are significantly higher than to the repair ability of strontium polluted soil.
Under four kinds of Sr concentration soil, the aerial part Sr accumulation of rape florescence and fruiting period, transfer ratio are also significantly higher than the maturity period, especially best with fruiting period effect, aerial part Sr accumulation can reach 5.2 times of the maturity period, transfer ratio can reach 3.8 times of the maturity period, therefore remove Rice-rape fields upper part at rape florescence or fruiting period, other periods such as maturity period are significantly higher than to the repair ability of strontium polluted soil.
Visible, rape in florescence and fruiting period to the accumulation of strontium, transfer ratio, concentration coefficient are all significantly higher than the maturity period, better to the accumulation ability of Sr, especially with fruiting period best results, the rape of florescence and fruiting period is applied to repairing and treating strontium polluted soil, and the effect removing strontium pollution, higher than other periods such as maturity periods, achieves unforeseeable technique effect.
In sum, the present invention utilizes the method for rape repairing and treating strontium polluted soil, high to the repairing and treating efficiency of strontium polluted soil, and simple to operate, disposal cost is low, convenient management, in-situ immobilization is effective, can be used for the repairing and treating of large area strontium polluted soil, provide new selection for removing the pollution of soil strontium, there is good application value.
Claims (10)
1. utilize rape to repair a method for strontium polluted soil, it is characterized in that: step is as follows:
Rape is planted in strontium polluted soil, in florescence of rape to fruiting period, the aerial part of harvesting rape or remove rape entirety.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In described soil, the concentration of strontium is 25 ~ 100mg/kg.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described harvesting and/or the time removed are the fruiting period of rape.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The plantation step of described rape is: a, in soil, apply base manure; B, rape seed; C, applying are topdressed.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
In step a, described base manure is composite fertilizer, and applied amount is 40 ~ 50kg/ mu;
Or base manure is the mixture of urea and calcium superphosphate, wherein amount of urea is 25 ~ 35kg/ mu, and calcium superphosphate consumption is 40 ~ 50kg/ mu.
6. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
In step b, the mode of described rape seed is live, and application rate is 0.25kg/ mu.
7. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
In step b, the time of described rape seed is for sowing in spring and/or autumn sowing.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that:
The time of described spring sowing is 4 annual ~ May; The time of described autumn sowing is 9 annual ~ October.
9. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
In step c, described in the application time that topdresses be cultivation 15 days after-applied 1 time, apply 1 squaring period.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that:
In step c, described in topdress as urea, each applied amount is 5 ~ 10kg/ mu.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105921502A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for utilizing cold-resistant winter rape variety for repairing cadmium and lead polluted farmland in winter |
| CN106180175A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 董晓 | A kind of method planting Brassica campestris L restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
| CN107159694A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-09-15 | 辽宁省环境科学研究院 | A kind of heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105921502A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for utilizing cold-resistant winter rape variety for repairing cadmium and lead polluted farmland in winter |
| CN105921502B (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2019-04-12 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A method of cadmium lead contamination farmland is repaired using cold-resistant winter rape variety winter |
| CN106180175A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 董晓 | A kind of method planting Brassica campestris L restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
| CN106180175B (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2019-04-16 | 绿艺园林建设有限公司 | A method of plantation rape restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
| CN107159694A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-09-15 | 辽宁省环境科学研究院 | A kind of heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure |
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