CN104982456A - Method for delaying blossoming of kernel-apricots as well as blossoming-delaying solution and preparation method of blossoming-delaying solution - Google Patents
Method for delaying blossoming of kernel-apricots as well as blossoming-delaying solution and preparation method of blossoming-delaying solution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for delaying blossoming of kernel-apricots as well as a blossoming-delaying solution and a preparation method of the blossoming-delaying solution. Based on 1000mL of the solution, the solution comprises the following components by volume: 0.1-1mL of water aqua ethephon, 20-25mL of glycerinum, 20-30mL of sorbic enol, 10-15mL of azone, 5-10mL of polyvinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL of simethicone; the purity of ethephon in water aqua ethephon is greater than or equal to 90wt%. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a solution for avoiding late frost for kernel-apricots is developed by massively screening kernel-apricots treated by different growth regulators in different concentrations and at different times and researching the influence of the prepared solution on delaying blossoming of the kernel-apricots. The solution is further applied to avoiding late frost for kernel-apricots, thereby laying a good foundation for a high yield cultivation technology of kernel-apricots. By using the solution prepared by the method, the flowering period of the kernel-apricots can be delayed by 17 days to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Kernel apricot tree and push away serotinous technical field.More specifically, relate to a kind of Armeniaca vulgaris to push away serotinous method and postponement and to bloom solution and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Armeniaca vulgaris (Prunus armeniaca × sibirica Linn.) is rose family deciduous tree.Armeniaca vulgaris is the important woody grain and oil seeds of China, the flat area under cultivation in the whole nation of apricot about 250,000 hm
2, north to Tailai County, Heilongjiang Province, all there is distribution in the Xi Jiadian town that reaches Danjiangkou, Hubei Province in the south.Nearly 20,000 tons of the Armeniaca vulgaris benevolence output in the current whole nation, and domestic market is medicinal and beverage consumption respectively needs l ten thousand tons, imbalance between supply and demand is larger.Armeniaca vulgaris benevolence comprises semen armeniacae amarae and dessert almond.The states such as semen armeniacae amarae is one of large traditional export commodity of China, stub Europe, annual export volume, at about 8000t, accounts for 80% of international market.Current China produces semen armeniacae amarae about 60-70kt per year, and amygdalate average procurement price every kilogram is 20-30 unit, medicine city average sales price 30 yuan.Dessert almond is Chinese peculiar resource.At present, the average procurement price every kilogram of dessert almond is up to 40 ~ 50 yuan.Current China produces dessert almond about 5kt per year.Almond nutritious value is very high, fatty 51% in 100g almond, protein 27.7%, sugar 9%, phosphorus 0.385%, calcium 0.111%, iron 0.007%; In almond, the contained more general cereal of protein are high about 3 times, and amino acid whose kind and grain species complementation; Containing abundant vitamin E in almond, there is anti-oxidant, anti-ageing effect of waiting for a long time.Containing stachyose, amandin matter etc. in dessert almond.Dessert almond is partial to nutrition, is applicable to directly edible.Semen armeniacae amarae contains abundant laetrile (left-handed amino nitrile-β glucuronic acid, amygdalin), degradation in vivo can generate benzaldehyde, and then change into benzoic acid and cyanide, can suppress specifically or kill cancer cell, alleviate pain caused by cancer.Semen armeniacae amarae can control chill tuberculosis, frightened epilepsy headache, and antidiarrheal is moisturized, moistening lung solution famine, cough-relieving apophlegmatic, separates dog poison, desinsection removes wind except scabies, detumescence, commonly uses semen armeniacae amarae treatment chronic bronchitis, neurasthenia, Rickets etc.
Producing to overcome Armeniaca vulgaris the problem subjecting to frost, Armeniaca vulgaris be postponed and bloom more than 10d effectively to avoid late frost.The present invention is directed to China's Armeniaca vulgaris and produce upper main problem, by adopting plant growth regulator ((ETH, CCC, MH, ABA, succinic acid, NAA, vanillic aldehyde, heteroauxin, GA3, PP333), temperature ((is poured water and is covered grass, ice bag process, spray ammonium nitrate, water spray), illumination ((black Shading net covering tree or covering ground, masking foil parcel trunk, it is white that lime is coated with spray, be coated with heat-insulating material, aluminium foil sunshade net parcel trunk or covering ground), (method regulation florescence such as (girdling 2 ~ 10 circle) that nutrition is cut off, and often kind of method adopts different time, variable concentrations, the Armeniaca vulgaris florescence is effectively postponed in the process of varying strength, thus avoid the harm of late frost.
The greatest problem that current Armeniaca vulgaris exists in producing be bloom early, the florescence subjects to late frost, cold current, causes freeze injury, causes to freeze flower and freeze fruit, cause the underproduction, even have no harvest.The Armeniaca vulgaris florescence is by late frost critical temperature: initial bloom stage-2.8 DEG C, full-bloom stage-2.2 DEG C, young fruit period-0.1 DEG C.Both at home and abroad existing many scholars to be bloomed and a large amount of research work has been carried out in the culture technique aspect of avoiding late frost by postponing to Armeniaca vulgaris, as poured water, spraying water, whitewash, spray lime, Shading net covering etc., but postpone flowering time due to conventional cultivation technical measures and be generally about 3d ~ 4d, DeGrain, Armeniaca vulgaris florescence or the harm of young fruit period late frost cannot be avoided, production is not yet formed the effective technology measure solving the harm of Armeniaca vulgaris late frost.So, need to develop a kind of method that deferrable Armeniaca vulgaris is bloomed at present, for Armeniaca vulgaris high-yield cultivation technique lays good basis.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Armeniaca vulgaris to postpone solution of blooming, and this solution can postpone Armeniaca vulgaris flowering time, for Armeniaca vulgaris high-yield cultivation technique is laid a good foundation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned Armeniaca vulgaris to postpone the preparation method of solution of blooming.
3rd object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Armeniaca vulgaris to push away serotinous method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, and described Armeniaca vulgaris is postponed solution of blooming and comprised following component: water aqua type ethrel, glycerine, sorb enol, azone, poly-vinyl alcohol solution and dimethicone; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88 or PVA17-92; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, with 1000mL solution gauge, described Armeniaca vulgaris is postponed solution of blooming and is comprised component as lower volume: 0.1-1mL water aqua type ethrel, 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88 or PVA 17-92; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, with 1000mL solution gauge, described Armeniaca vulgaris is postponed solution of blooming and is made up of the component of such as lower volume: the water of 0.1-1mL water aqua type ethrel, 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution, 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone and surplus; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88 or PVA 17-92; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
Armeniaca vulgaris postpones the preparation method of solution of blooming, and comprises the steps:
1) water aqua type ethrel is measured;
2) in water aqua type ethrel, add glycerine, sorb enol, azone, poly-vinyl alcohol solution and organosilicon and obtain mixed solution;
3) to step 2) add water in the mixed solution that formed, be stirred to complete miscibility, be finally settled to 1000mL;
4) the solution stored refrigerated will prepared.
Above-mentioned Armeniaca vulgaris postpones the preparation method of solution of blooming, and specifically comprises the steps:
1) measure 0.1-1mL water aqua type ethrel and be placed in container;
2) in the water aqua type ethrel measured, add 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone and obtain mixed solution; The compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 65-75 DEG C, is mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88 or PVA 17-92;
3) to step 2) add normal temperature pure water in the mixed solution that obtains, be stirred to complete miscibility, be finally settled to 1000mL;
4) by the solution for preparing 4 DEG C of stored refrigerated.
The Armeniaca vulgaris using above-mentioned Armeniaca vulgaris to postpone solution of blooming pushes away a serotinous method, comprises the steps:
1) prepare Armeniaca vulgaris and postpone solution of blooming;
2) plan is selected to spray step 1) the Kernel apricot tree body of solution prepared;
3) time spraying institute's obtain solution is determined;
4) determine to spray principle;
5) spraying method is determined.
Above-mentioned Armeniaca vulgaris pushes away serotinous method, comprises the steps:
1) measure water aqua type ethrel 0.1-1mL with measurer and be placed in container; In water aqua type ethrel, add 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone obtain mixed solution; The compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 65-75 DEG C, is mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88 or PVA 17-92; In the mixed solution obtained, add normal temperature pure water, normal temperature pure water temperature is 20-30 DEG C, is stirred to complete miscibility, is settled to 1000mL; By the solution for preparing 4 DEG C of stored refrigerated; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%;
2) described Kernel apricot tree body is the Kernel apricot tree body through pruning of life in 5 years, height of tree 160-200cm, tree crown crown diameter 120-150cm;
3) select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage the Armeniaca vulgaris prepared and postpone solution of blooming, described Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage is annual 15-December 25 August; Selected 8 a.m.-10 point on the same day specifically sprayed, afternoon 6-8 point;
4) for life in 5 years above, tree-like tall and big, that growing way is excellent Kernel apricot tree body spray prepared Armeniaca vulgaris postpone bloom solution time, Armeniaca vulgaris is postponed and is bloomed solution usage than step 2) in the consumption of 5 years raw tree bodies increase 2-3 doubly; Spraying prepared Armeniaca vulgaris postpones when blooming solution, selects sunny calm weather, carries out all-out atomizing to whole plant, comprise blade face, branch, trunk, leaf bud and bud position; The amount sprayed is that bud and branch soak and just do not drip;
5) small farm sprayer or power spraye is adopted to spray.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is by the Armeniaca vulgaris of the different growth regulator of a large amount of screening, variable concentrations, different time process, research institute's obtain solution pushes away serotinous impact to Armeniaca vulgaris, thus develop a kind of Armeniaca vulgaris and push away serotinous solution, and use it for Armeniaca vulgaris and push away in serotinous application, for Armeniaca vulgaris high-yield cultivation technique is laid a good foundation, with the solution of the present invention's preparation, the highlyest 17 days flowering stage of Armeniaca vulgaris can be postponed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 a sprays the Armeniaca vulgaris figure postponing solution of blooming;
Fig. 1 b sprays the Armeniaca vulgaris figure postponing solution of blooming;
Fig. 1 c sprays the Armeniaca vulgaris figure postponing solution of blooming;
Fig. 1 d does not spray the Armeniaca vulgaris figure postponing solution of blooming;
Fig. 1 e sprays the Armeniaca vulgaris figure postponing solution of blooming;
Fig. 1 f does not spray the Armeniaca vulgaris figure postponing solution of blooming.
Embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described further.Parts similar in accompanying drawing represent with identical Reference numeral.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that specifically described content is illustrative and nonrestrictive, should not limit the scope of the invention with this below.
In the present invention: abloom rate=one-tenth flower quantity/bud quantity × 100%, fruit-setting rate=actual result number/number × 100% of always blooming.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, and add water aqua type ethrel 0.1mL in this solution of 1000mL, in water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, and adds water aqua type ethrel 0.1mL, azone 15mL and dimethicone 0.5mL in this solution of 1000mL; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
Embodiment 2-1
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, and adds water aqua type ethrel 0.1mL, glycerine 22mL, sorb enol 25mL and poly-vinyl alcohol solution 10mL in this solution of 1000mL; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 9wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, and adds water aqua type ethrel 0.1mL, glycerine 22mL, sorb enol 25mL, azone 15mL, poly-vinyl alcohol solution 10mL and dimethicone 0.5mL in this solution of 1000mL; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 9wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, and adds water aqua type ethrel 0.4mL, glycerine 20mL, sorb enol 20mL, azone 15mL, poly-vinyl alcohol solution 5mL and dimethicone 0.25mL in this solution of 1000mL; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 9wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, and adds water aqua type ethrel 1mL, glycerine 25mL, sorb enol 30mL, azone 15mL, poly-vinyl alcohol solution 10mL and dimethicone 0.5mL in this solution of 1000mL; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 9wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA17-88; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
Embodiment 6
The method of preparation embodiment 1 solution, measure 0.1mL water aqua type ethrel, in water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%, add pure water again and be settled to 1000mL, obtain Armeniaca vulgaris and postpone solution of blooming, add pure water temperature be 25 DEG C, by the solution for preparing 4 DEG C of stored refrigerated.
Embodiment 7
The method of preparation embodiment 2 solution, measure 0.1mL water aqua type ethrel, in water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%, add 10mL azone and 0.5mL dimethicone wherein, stir, then add pure water and be settled to 1000mL, obtain Armeniaca vulgaris and postpone solution of blooming, add pure water temperature be 25 DEG C, add pure water temperature be 25 DEG C, by the solution for preparing 4 DEG C of stored refrigerated.
Embodiment 7-1
The method of preparation embodiment 2-1 solution, measure 0.1mL water aqua type ethrel, in water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%, add glycerine 22mL wherein, the compound method of sorb enol 25mL and poly-vinyl alcohol solution 10mL[poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 75 DEG C, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 9wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88], stir, add pure water again and be settled to 1000mL, obtain Armeniaca vulgaris and postpone solution of blooming, add pure water temperature be 25 DEG C, add pure water temperature be 25 DEG C, by the solution for preparing 4 DEG C of stored refrigerated.
Embodiment 8
The method of preparation embodiment 3 solution, measure 0.1mL water aqua type ethrel, in water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%, add 22mL glycerine wherein, 25mL sorb enol, 10mL azone, [compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 75 DEG C for 10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 9wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88] and 0.5mL dimethicone, then stir, add pure water again and be settled to 1000mL, obtain Armeniaca vulgaris and postpone solution of blooming, add pure water temperature be 25 DEG C, by the solution for preparing 4 DEG C of stored refrigerated.
Embodiment 9
The method of preparation embodiment 4 solution, measure 0.4mL water aqua type ethrel, in water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%, add 20mL glycerine wherein, 20mL sorb enol, 10mL azone, [compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 75 DEG C for 5mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 9wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88] and 0.25mL dimethicone, then stir, add pure water again and be settled to 1000mL, obtain Armeniaca vulgaris and postpone solution of blooming, add pure water temperature be 25 DEG C, by the solution for preparing 4 DEG C of stored refrigerated.
Embodiment 10
The method of preparation embodiment 5 solution, measure 1mL water aqua type ethrel, in water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%, add 25mL glycerine wherein, 30mL sorb enol, 10mL azone, [compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 75 DEG C for 10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 9wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88] and 0.5mL dimethicone, then stir, add pure water again and be settled to 1000mL, obtain Armeniaca vulgaris and postpone solution of blooming, add pure water temperature be 25 DEG C, by the solution for preparing 4 DEG C of stored refrigerated.
Embodiment 11
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 6 to prepare postpones solution of blooming, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected:
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time:
Select spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15 ~ December 25 August), sunny calm weather sprays and the time sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect: postpone Armeniaca vulgaris and to bloom 4-5d, abloom rate improves 11%, and fruit-setting rate improves 2%.
Embodiment 12
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 6 to prepare postpones solution of blooming, and spraying place is Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected:
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time:
Select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15 ~ December 25 August), sunny calm weather sprays and the time sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time, (Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia, this area's wind greatly generally can reach 5-6 level, need to catch up with to have sprayed in the past at 9 in the morning, because 9 start to blow gradually later when spraying the solution containing plant growth regulator in this area); Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect: postpone Armeniaca vulgaris and to bloom 1-3d, abloom rate improves 8%, and fruit-setting rate improves 1%.
Embodiment 13
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 7 to prepare postpones solution of blooming, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected:
If select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time:
Select spraying in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15 ~ December 25 August), sunny calm weather sprays and the time sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect: postpone Armeniaca vulgaris and to bloom 5-8d, abloom rate improves 15%, and fruit-setting rate improves 4%.
Embodiment 14
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 7 to prepare postpones solution of blooming, and spraying place is Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected:
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time:
Select spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15 ~ December 25 August), sunny calm weather sprays and the time sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect: postpone Armeniaca vulgaris and to bloom 3-4d, abloom rate improves 12%, and fruit-setting rate improves 3%.
Embodiment 13-1
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 13 is: the Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 7-1 to prepare postpones solution of blooming.
Effect: postpone Armeniaca vulgaris and to bloom 6-8d, abloom rate improves 16%, and fruit-setting rate improves 4%.
Embodiment 14-1
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 14 is: the Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 7-1 to prepare postpones solution of blooming.
Effect: postpone Armeniaca vulgaris and to bloom 3-4d, abloom rate improves 11%, and fruit-setting rate improves 2%.
Embodiment 15
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 8 to prepare postpones solution of blooming, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected:
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time:
Select spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15 ~ December 25 August), sunny calm weather sprays and the time sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect: postponement Armeniaca vulgaris is bloomed, and (see Fig. 1 a), abloom rate improves 22% to 10-12d, and fruit-setting rate improves 8%.
Embodiment 16
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 8 to prepare postpones solution of blooming, and spraying place is Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected:
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time:
Select spraying in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15 ~ December 25 August), sunny calm weather sprays and the time sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time (brocade Mountain area, Mongolian Kalaqin Banner, when the winter dormancy phase, temperature was lower, spray time optional temperature at noon slightly high [5-10 DEG C], it is too low that other times spray then temperature); Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect: postpone Armeniaca vulgaris and to bloom 9-11d, abloom rate improves 20%, and fruit-setting rate improves 7%.
Embodiment 17
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 9 to prepare postpones solution of blooming, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected:
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time:
Select spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15 ~ December 25 August), sunny calm weather sprays and the time sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect: postpone Armeniaca vulgaris florescence 10-12d, abloom rate improves 23%, and fruit-setting rate improves 9%.
Embodiment 18
1) Armeniaca vulgaris using embodiment 10 to prepare postpones solution of blooming, and spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected:
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time:
Select spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15 ~ December 25 August), sunny calm weather sprays and the time sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray.
Effect: postpone Armeniaca vulgaris and to bloom 15-17d (see Fig. 1 b), abloom rate improves 30%, and fruit-setting rate improves 18%.
Comparative example 1
1) prepare 1000mL Armeniaca vulgaris and postpone the aqueous solution of blooming, in the described aqueous solution, the concentration of ethrel is 2mL/L, the concentration of glycerine is 25mL/L, the concentration of sorb enol is 30mL/L, the concentration of azone is 15mL/L, the concentration of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is that the compound method of 10mL/L[poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 75 DEG C, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 9wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88], the concentration of dimethicone is 0.5mL/L;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected:
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time:
Select spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15 ~ December 25 August), sunny calm weather sprays and the time sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray; Spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province.
Effect: Armeniaca vulgaris is not bloomed, tree body gummosis is serious, and branch dries up, and has a strong impact on tree body normal growth and grows (see Fig. 1 c), and do not spray the situation of the Armeniaca vulgaris of solution as shown in Figure 1 d normally.
Comparative example 2
1) prepare 1000mL Armeniaca vulgaris and postpone the aqueous solution of blooming, in the described aqueous solution, the concentration of ethrel is 0.1mL/L, the concentration of glycerine is 20mL/L, the concentration of sorb enol is 20mL/L, the concentration of azone is 10mL/L, the concentration of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is that the compound method of 5mL/L[poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 75 DEG C, be mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 9wt%, polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88], the concentration of dimethicone is 0.25mL/L;
2) Kernel apricot tree body is selected:
Select life in 5 years to pass through the tree (height of tree 180cm, tree crown crown diameter 130cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many, every each spray value of tree is 450mL;
3) determine to spray the time:
Sunny calm weather before at 9 in the morning 5 ~ April 10 February is selected to spray; Small farm sprayer is adopted to spray; Spraying place is Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province.
Effect: not only do not postpone the Armeniaca vulgaris florescence, shifts to an earlier date about the 3 days Armeniaca vulgaris florescence (see Fig. 1 e) on the contrary, and does not spray the situation of the Armeniaca vulgaris of solution as shown in Figure 1 f normally.
As can be seen from comparative example 1 and 2, the good ethrel of GPRS (ETH) is most suitable, and to spray the time be in 15-December 25 August; Spraying concentration is 0.1mL/L-1mL/L.Otherwise, not only cannot play the object of postponing Armeniaca vulgaris and blooming, on the contrary can Blooming phase or impairment tree body.
The present invention's ethrel used (ETH) is called: an examination spirit, 2-chloroethyl phosphoric acid.Physicochemical property: sterling is needle-like white crystals, industrial goods are pale yellow viscous liquid, and easily absorb water deliquescence, water aqua type ethrel purity at more than 90wt%, soluble in water and organic solvent.Ethrel (ETH) is stable in acid medium, and when pH > 4, facile hydrolysis releases ethene, and rate of release raises with temperature and pH value and accelerates.Toxicity: low toxicity.
The characteristic of glycerine, sorb enol, azone, polyvinyl alcohol and dimethicone used in the present invention is as follows:
Glycerine, sorb enol belong to humectant, have strong hygroscopicity, and the moisturizing mechanism of humectant is combined by hydrogen bond and water brute force and reached the effect making cuticula moisturizing.The object kept containing certain moisture in bud is reached by preventing the moisture of the loss of moisture in bud and absorption external environment.
Azone belongs to short vapor, can Promoting plant growth conditioning agent to the infiltration of Armeniaca vulgaris bud, wetting Armeniaca vulgaris bud surface, promote that bud is to the absorption of medicine, improve the effect of effective ingredient and reduce drug dose, thus reduce medicament to the pollution of environment, reduce use cost.
Polyvinyl alcohol is sticker, can increase the auxiliary agent of plant growth regulator at plant surface adhesive performance.It is not adjusted with plant growth and chemical change occurs, and just improves the adhesive capacity of medicament on surface, thus can reduce wind, rain blows to become estranged wash away medicament, increases the residual effect effect of medicament, improves effect.
Dimethicone is spreader-sticker, it has the characteristics such as low, the moistening and plate-out ability of surface tension, can effectively reduce under plant growth regulator medical liquid surface tension to bud moistened surface critical value, improve the retention volume of liquid on Armeniaca vulgaris bud, promote that liquid penetrates into bud inside by bud surface pores, strengthen bud to the absorption of medicament, reduce loss and the spray pesticide number of times of liquid.
The tree (height of tree 160-200cm, tree crown crown diameter 120cm-150cm) pruned, the tree that fruit bearing shoot quantity is large, bud is many are passed through in life in general 5 years, and every each spray value of tree is 400mL-500mL; The expense of every 667 ㎡ can optionally calculate according to the size and number of tree; For life in 5 years above, tree-like tall and big, that growing way the is excellent visual situation of apricot expense is increased to more than 2 times or 3 times;
Determine to spray the time: spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage (15-December 25 August).Should be selected in sunny calm weather spray and the best period sprayed is the morning 8 time to 10 time, be best before and after when afternoon 7;
Determine to spray principle: the principle of spray plant growth regulator is first light rear heavy, crosses and not easily sprays evenly at least, cross and cause fluid loss at most, minimizing drug effect; All-out atomizing is carried out to whole plant, comprises the positions such as blade face, branch, trunk, leaf bud, bud; The degree sprayed is sprayed onto bud and branch is moistening and just do not drip for the best, and emphasis sprays bud position; Should accomplish when spraying that morning, dew did not dryly spray, noon, temperature height did not spray, and meets rain and fill spray in time after spray;
Determine spraying method: note weather condition when spraying solution, should select sunny calm weather, morning, spraying effect was better; Overcast and rainy, strong wind sky (more than 4 grades) and high temperature at noon time should stop spray medicine, do not rain as the best to spray in rear 24h, if spray in rear 4h rainy, must respray, small farm sprayer or power spraye can be adopted to spray.
Obtain solution points for attention: the place of safety away from drinking water source, producer region should be selected during obtain solution; The personnel of making up a prescription will wear rubber gloves, must take medicinal powder, and according to actual amount preparating liquid, arbitrarily must not increase consumption with the dosage that measurer specifies according to Product labelling; Stir liquid and will use instrument, forbid to stir with hand.
Spray solution points for attention: need to complete spray medicine in the morning before 10:00 in the mountain area that dust storm is larger, as Qi Jin Mountain area, Harqin in Inner Mongolia, this area's wind greatly generally can reach 5-6 level), need to catch up with when this area's spray plant growth regulator to have sprayed in the past at 9 in the morning, general 9 start to blow later gradually.When the winter dormancy phase, temperature was lower, spray when optional temperature is at noon slightly high, other times spray because temperature is too low, reduce absorption ratio.
Operating personnel should be served as by careful, the careful and responsible and healthy personnel of work; All valetudinarians, suffer from the women that skin disease and drug allergy and other diseases are not yet got well person, lactation, pregnancy period, menstrual period, skin injury more person must not carry out spraying operation; Must wear masks and rubber gloves when operating personnel spray, wear long sleeve blouse, trousers and footwear, socks.
Carefully should check before spray plant growth regulator whether place's screw such as switch, joint, shower nozzle of spraying apparatus is tightened, check containing vessel whether seepage, explosive barrel inner liquid medicine can not overfill, avoids Lous medicine to lose; No smoking, drink water, eat when operating to spray personnel; Using during manual sprayer spray medicine answers interlacing to spray, and can not spray by the right and left simultaneously; Time in spray medicine process as there is the blocking of chemical sprayer tool, fix a breakdown again after should first rinsing with clear water, absolute prohibition mouth pressure-vaccum shower nozzle and filter screen; After spraying end-of-job, to be cleaned up by chemical sprayer tool in time, residue liquid can continue refrigeration and place; Operating personnel thoroughly clean hand, face with soap.
Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot give exhaustive to all embodiments, every belong to technical scheme of the present invention the apparent change of extending out or variation be still in the row of protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Armeniaca vulgaris postpones a solution of blooming, and it is characterized in that, described Armeniaca vulgaris is postponed solution of blooming and comprised following component: water aqua type ethrel, glycerine, sorb enol, azone, poly-vinyl alcohol solution and dimethicone; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
2. an Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, it is characterized in that, with 1000mL solution gauge, described Armeniaca vulgaris is postponed solution of blooming and is comprised component as lower volume: 0.1-1mL water aqua type ethrel, 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88 or PVA 17-92.
3. an Armeniaca vulgaris postpones solution of blooming, it is characterized in that, with 1000mL solution gauge, described Armeniaca vulgaris is postponed solution of blooming and is made up of the component of such as lower volume: the water of 0.1-1mL water aqua type ethrel, 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution, 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone and surplus; In poly-vinyl alcohol solution, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88 or PVA 17-92; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%.
4. the arbitrary described Armeniaca vulgaris of claim 1-3 postpones the preparation method of solution of blooming, and it is characterized in that,
Comprise the steps:
1) water aqua type ethrel is measured;
2) in water aqua type ethrel, add glycerine, sorb enol, azone, poly-vinyl alcohol solution and organosilicon and obtain mixed solution;
3) to step 2) add water in the mixed solution that formed, be stirred to complete miscibility, be finally settled to 1000mL;
4) the solution stored refrigerated will prepared.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the steps:
1) measure 0.1-1mL water aqua type ethrel and be placed in container;
2) in the water aqua type ethrel measured, add 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone and obtain mixed solution; The compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 65-75 DEG C, is mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88 or PVA 17-92;
3) to step 2) add normal temperature pure water in the mixed solution that obtains, be stirred to complete miscibility, be finally settled to 1000mL;
4) by the solution for preparing 4 DEG C of stored refrigerated.
6. use the bloom Armeniaca vulgaris of solution of described Armeniaca vulgaris postponement as arbitrary in claim 1-3 to push away a serotinous method, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) prepare Armeniaca vulgaris and postpone solution of blooming;
2) plan is selected to spray step 1) the Kernel apricot tree body of solution prepared;
3) time spraying institute's obtain solution is determined;
4) determine to spray principle;
5) spraying method is determined.
7. Armeniaca vulgaris according to claim 6 pushes away serotinous method, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) measure water aqua type ethrel 0.1-1mL with measurer and be placed in container; In water aqua type ethrel, add 20-25mL glycerine, 20-30mL sorb enol, 10-15mL azone, 5-10mL poly-vinyl alcohol solution and 0.25-0.5mL dimethicone obtain mixed solution; The compound method of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is as follows: get polyvinyl alcohol and join in the hot water of 65-75 DEG C, is mixed with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that polyvinyl alcohol mass fraction is 5-15wt%, and polyvinyl alcohol is PVA 17-88 or PVA 17-92; In the mixed solution obtained, add normal temperature pure water, normal temperature pure water temperature is 20-30 DEG C, is stirred to complete miscibility, is settled to 1000mL; By the solution for preparing 4 DEG C of stored refrigerated; In water aqua type ethrel, the purity of ethrel is more than or equal to 90wt%;
2) described Kernel apricot tree body is the Kernel apricot tree body through pruning of life in 5 years, height of tree 160-200cm, tree crown crown diameter 120-150cm;
3) select to spray in Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage the Armeniaca vulgaris prepared and postpone solution of blooming, described Armeniaca vulgaris flower bud differentiation latter stage to resting stage is annual 15-December 25 August; Selected 8 a.m.-10 point on the same day specifically sprayed, afternoon 6-8 point;
4) for life in 5 years above, tree-like tall and big, that growing way is excellent Kernel apricot tree body spray prepared Armeniaca vulgaris postpone bloom solution time, Armeniaca vulgaris is postponed and is bloomed solution usage than step 2) in the consumption of 5 years raw tree bodies increase 2-3 doubly; Spraying prepared Armeniaca vulgaris postpones when blooming solution, selects sunny calm weather, carries out all-out atomizing to whole plant, comprise blade face, branch, trunk, leaf bud and bud position; The amount sprayed is that bud and branch soak and just do not drip;
5) small farm sprayer or power spraye is adopted to spray.
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