CN1049458A - 恢复视功能的装置 - Google Patents
恢复视功能的装置 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
- A61N2/02—Magnetotherapy using magnetic fields produced by coils, including single turn loops or electromagnets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/08—Devices or methods enabling eye-patients to replace direct visual perception by another kind of perception
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
- A61N2/004—Magnetotherapy specially adapted for a specific therapy
- A61N2/006—Magnetotherapy specially adapted for a specific therapy for magnetic stimulation of nerve tissue
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/36046—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation of the eye
Abstract
为视神经和视网膜疾患恢复视功能的装置,具有
在眼球部位植入的电磁场发射器和与发射器相互作
用的电磁场接收器,能对眼视神经和视网膜产生电刺
激功效,电磁场发射器是一个电磁铁形式的脉冲磁场
源(1),并有从电磁铁端面(11)至电磁场接收器间距
离的调节器(10),它是一个感应线圈(15),有输入导
线(16)还有有效面积大于10平方毫米的电极(17)
来加强。
Description
本发明与医学仪器有关,更确切地说它涉及一种恢复视功能的装置。
本发明可应用于眼科学。
预防或治疗开放角青光眼及远视眼的方法已经为人所知。该方法包含一个植入睫状肌部位的作用电极,用电路与无线电频率发射接收器或者独立的发生器相连,发生器形成电刺激信号。电磁场接收器或独立发生器装在壳体内,壳体则植入皮下颞颥部位或巩膜上。此时,壳体成为中性电极。从外面放置在离接收器最近处的无线电频率发射源,成为电磁场发射器。为了产生电刺激,发射源形成持续时间为20毫秒的非周期脉冲,脉冲发生周期从1秒至3秒,电极间的电流为1微安以上(含1微安)(美国专利4603691)。
但是,该装置不能将电脉冲、磁场和无线电频率发射结合起来产生刺激作用,也不是为了在视神经和视网膜有疾患时用来改善视功能的。
此外,将电极置入视神经,在技术上很复杂并有创伤。使用该装置不可能重复治疗过程,因为电极必须取出,而再次将其植入是不可能的。
作为本发明的目的,在于创造要一种恢复视功能的装置,它由于电场与磁场的同时作用将能使治疗效果结合起来。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:在为视神经和视网膜有疾患时恢复视功能的装置上,装在眼球部位的电磁场发射器和与患者有相互作用的电磁场接收器,能造成视神经和视网膜的电刺激效果。根据本发明,电磁场发射器乃是电磁铁形式的脉冲磁场源,并有从电磁铁端面至电磁场接收器的距离调节器,它是一种感应线圈,并有输入导线,还有有效面积大于10平方毫米的电极来加强。
电磁铁可以有铁素体芯棒形式的磁场中央强化器。
合理的是,使距离调节器有一个壳体,在其中安放脉冲磁场源的电磁铁还有一个可以沿壳体移动的筒套,而感应线圈和输入导线应具有外表面密闭的电绝缘层。
同样合理的是,在感应线圈腔内放一个由强导磁性材料制成的铁素体芯棒。
下面借助附图,并通过实施例详细说明本发明,其中:
图1 是恢复视功能装置的发射器,局部纵剖面图;
图2 同一装置的电磁场接收器,侧视图,纵剖面图;
图3 同一接收器,俯视剖面图;
图4 电磁场接收器的另一实施方案,俯视剖面图;
图5 电磁场接收器的又一个实施方案,俯视剖面图;
图6 带有磁场强化器的同一接收器,侧视纵剖面图;
图7 相对于眼球电磁场接收器的安放位置示意图;
图8 磁场量变化的时间图。
视神经和视网膜有疾患时恢复视功能的装置上,在眼球部位有电磁场发射器和电磁场接收器。发射器是电磁铁形式的脉冲磁场源1(图1)电磁铁在壳体内有装在底座4上的线圈3,脉冲磁场源1的壳体2上有距离标尺5。
通过端部7,绝缘材料做的封闭塞8向电磁铁引入供电电缆6。壳体2也由绝缘材料制成,而其线圈3是由绝缘铜线制成。
电磁铁有铁素体芯棒9作为磁场强化器,芯棒9放在底座4的腔内。
发射器也有调节电磁铁端头11到电磁场接收器距离的调节器10(图1中未表出)。调节器10的壳体同时就是脉冲磁场源1的壳体2;圆套筒12利用螺纹13能相对于壳体2移动;套筒12的端面14与壳体2上的距离标尺5相互作用。
电磁场接收器是感应线圈15(图2-6),它有用金属电极17加强的输入导线16。线圈15置于密闭的电绝缘层18内,例如用硅树脂,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(有机玻璃)或聚酰胺(尼龙)材料作绝缘层。
电极17的有效面积根据允许的电流密度选定应大于10平方毫米。如果电极17的有效面积小于10平方毫米,就会出现导致组织灼伤的电流密度。
线圈15的输入导线16在线圈15的两旁对称布置,如图2、3所示。电极17以引出线19与线圈15的绕组相连。但是,输入导线16可以位于线圈15的一侧,如图4所示,如果使用有三条输入导线16的线圈15,则其位置如图5所示。
线圈15的空腔内放有强导磁性材料制成的铁素体芯棒20(图6),这些材料例如“镍-钴”合金或稀土金属基合金。
感应线圈15放在眼球22的巩膜21上,一个电极17′位于视神经23的表面粘膜附近,另一个电极17″固定在眼球22中线区24的巩膜21上。
脉冲磁场源1(图1)发生脉冲25,其时间图见图8,它的前延时间与后延时间分别为△t1与△t2,总延续时间τ、重复周期T,重复周期的选定要保证脉冲磁场与患者内颈动脉搏动的同步。据此,周期T取等于内颈动脉两次连续搏动之间的时间间隔。
脉冲磁场源1(图1)所产生的磁场脉冲25被线圈15(图2)接收并经电极17(17′,17″)传到患者的眼球22(图7),作用在视神经23上,从而保证了对视神经以及眼球22视网膜的电刺激作用。
视神经和视网膜疾患时恢复视功能装置的使用方法如下:
用奴佛卡因或利多卡因溶液局部麻醉后,采用开睑器将眼睑固定住,并在眼窝下表部位施行眼球结膜切开术。下表部位肌肉用临时缝线进行缝合。拨离眼球22的后段和部分视神经。往眼窝内引进感应线圈15并将其植入眼球22后段巩膜21。感应线圈15电极之一17′置于眼球22视神经23表面粘膜附近,而第二个电极17″固定在眼球22中线24部位的巩膜21上。往伤口撒上干的抗菌素如青霉素,再对眼结膜施行连续或交叉缝合。然后,借助调节器10(图1)在脉冲磁场源1的表面上从0.1T至0.25T选择磁感应量,这时,要保证磁场脉冲25(图8)与内颈动脉搏动的同步性。磁场脉冲25的持续时间在50微秒至500微秒间隔内选择,磁场变化速度以脉冲25前延时间和后延时间计算,从1微秒至50微秒中选定。将脉冲电磁场源1(图1)置于眼窝外壁并以电磁脉冲远距离作用在感应线圈15(图7)的分布区。同时,每一次刺激要进行五次循环,每次3-5分钟,循环间的间歇不少于5分钟,在10-15日的期间里,每日要执行多次刺激,必要时重复疗程间隔不少于两周。
必须指出,磁场和感应线圈中的感应电流作用条件的个别选择,应取决于出现头晕,头疼和感觉内眼压升高等副作用情况。这样,选择刺激条件应使副作用不会形成。
本装置能保证脉冲磁场和3AC形式的感应电场形成两种治疗因素,感应电场是在脉冲磁场通过时在感应线圈15中形成的。
所提出的装置能使磁场与感应线圈感应的电流结合进行治疗,它能保证刺激信号与内颈动脉搏动的同步性,此外,可以重复疗程。
Claims (7)
1、一种为视神经和眼视网膜疾患恢复视功能的装置,在眼球部部位植入电磁场发射器和与发射器相互作用的电磁场接收器,造成眼视神经和视网膜电刺激的功效,其特征在于,电磁场发射器是一个电磁铁形式的脉冲磁场源(1),并有从电磁铁端面(11)至电磁场接收器间的距离的调节器(10),它是一个感应线圈(15)有输入导线(16),并由作用面积大于10平方毫米的电极(17)加强。
2、根据权利要求1,本装置的特征在于,电磁铁有铁素体芯棒(9)形式的磁场中央强化器。
3、根据权利要求1或2,本装置的特征在于,距离调节器(10)有一个壳体(9),里面放有脉冲磁场源(1)的电磁铁和可以沿壳体(2)纵向移动的圆形套筒(12)。
4、根据权利要求1或2,本装置的特征在于,感应线圈(15)和输入导线(16)具有表面密闭电绝缘层(18)。
5、根据权利要求3,本装置的特征在于,感应线圈(15)和输入导线(16)具有表面密闭的电绝缘层(18)。
6、根据权利要求4,本装置的特征在于,在感应线圈(15)的腔内放置了由强磁导材料制成的铁素体芯棒(20)。
7、根据权利要求5,本装置的特征在于,在感应线圈(15)的腔内放置了由强磁导材料制成的铁素体芯棒。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SU4729978 | 1989-08-17 | ||
SU894729978A RU1799577C (ru) | 1989-08-17 | 1989-08-17 | Способ улучшени зрительных функций при заболевани х зрительного нерва и сетчатки и устройство дл его осуществлени |
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CN1049458A true CN1049458A (zh) | 1991-02-27 |
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CN90106839A Pending CN1049458A (zh) | 1989-08-17 | 1990-08-17 | 恢复视功能的装置 |
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US (1) | US5147284A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1049458A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU1799577C (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1991002501A1 (zh) |
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1989
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-
1990
- 1990-07-17 WO PCT/SU1990/000181 patent/WO1991002501A1/ru unknown
- 1990-08-09 US US07/565,449 patent/US5147284A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-08-17 CN CN90106839A patent/CN1049458A/zh active Pending
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CN107206229A (zh) * | 2014-10-03 | 2017-09-26 | 纽罗斯普林 | 深层神经刺激仪 |
CN107206229B (zh) * | 2014-10-03 | 2021-05-07 | 纽罗斯普林公司 | 深层神经刺激仪 |
Also Published As
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US5147284A (en) | 1992-09-15 |
WO1991002501A1 (en) | 1991-03-07 |
RU1799577C (ru) | 1993-03-07 |
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