CN104897517A - Experimental metal/water reaction hydrogen production device and metal/water reaction hydrogen production collection method - Google Patents
Experimental metal/water reaction hydrogen production device and metal/water reaction hydrogen production collection method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
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- G01N7/18—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference by allowing the material to react
Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental metal/water reaction hydrogen production device and a metal/water reaction hydrogen production collection method and belongs to the technical field of experimental hydrogen production devices. The experimental device comprises a solution storing mechanism, a reacting mechanism and a hydrogen volume detecting mechanism, wherein the solution storing mechanism is communicated with the reacting mechanism, and the reacting mechanism is communicated with the hydrogen volume detecting mechanism. A thermostatic water bath tank is arranged above a magnetic stirrer, a three-opening beaker flask is arranged in the thermostatic water bath tank and provided with three openings including a solution opening, a metal powder opening and a hydrogen opening, the solution opening is communicated with the solution storing mechanism, the metal powder opening is sealed by a sealing plug, and the hydrogen opening is communicated with the hydrogen volume detecting mechanism. A fixing support is fixed above the magnetic stirrer, fixedly connected with the three-opening beaker flask and used for fixing the three-opening beaker flask during reaction. The experimental metal/water reaction hydrogen production device and the metal/water reaction hydrogen production collection method have the advantages that hydrogen collection and automatic recording of produced hydrogen volume are simplified.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to experiment device for producing hydrogen technical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision and collection method.
Background technology
Hydrogen is a kind of new forms of energy of cleanliness without any pollution, is also a kind of regenerative resource.When hydrogen is used in communications and transportation, heat energy and power generation as fuel, there is the feature of high-level efficiency, high benefit, and the product of hydrogen reaction is water and heat, clean energy resource truly and sustainable energy, but the energy conversion efficiency of hydrogen is very low, and be difficult to store.
Therefore, scientist thinks can use metal/water reaction generation hydrogen, and this method is not only cheap, efficient, and makes the transport of hydrogen and store more simple, but this method is just in the experimental study stage, does not obtain practical application at present.Usually, graduated cylinder drainage is adopted to collect hydrogen when studying metal/water reaction in the lab, such as Chinese Patent Application No. 2011202486815, the applying date is on July 15th, 2011, invention and created name is: a kind of Manual control experimental device for hydrogen production, this application case discloses and a kind ofly utilizes metal replacement hydrogen and collect the experimental provision of hydrogen, this device comprises trident bottle, filter screen cylinder, hand-control device, Hydrogen collection device, wherein Hydrogen collection device is by rubber plug, glass bend pipe, emulsion tube, point mouth glass bend pipe, graduated cylinder is formed by connecting in turn, glass bend pipe stretches into one end in trident bottle as hydrogen outlet through rubber plug.Hydrogen collection device in this application case, its advantage is that existing glassware can be utilized to carry out device to be built, simple structure, its shortcoming all needs to carry out water-filling process to Hydrogen collection device and collects hydrogen to realize drainage before being each experiment, complex operation, and need manually to add up hydrogen output, this has increased the weight of the workload of experimenter greatly, waste time and energy, and error is larger.
And for example Chinese Patent Application No. 2015200250261, the applying date is on January 15th, 2015, invention and created name is: sodium metal and water reaction unit, the sodium metal of this application case and water reaction unit, comprise aerogenesis bottle, sodium metal thruster, diplopore plug, escape pipe and reservoir, aerogenesis bottle is fixedly connected with reservoir and is connected by an aperture in bottom, the diplopore plug of plug on a product bottle mouth of gas cylinder wherein stopple enters sodium metal thruster, another stopple enters the escape pipe that is connected with switch, sodium metal thruster is made up of with the glass tube of catch ring and the propelling post identical with glass tube internal diameter a top, glass tube lower end is plugged with a gland bonnet, be fixedly connected sequentially in escape pipe upper end a spherical container and tip glass tube be interconnected from down to up, reservoir outside surface is provided with volume markings line, on relatively large sodium metal, drill through one section of sodium metal with sodium metal thruster, can test, phenomenon is perfectly clear, and the gas collected in aerogenesis bottle is pure hydrogen entirely, also can read according to the change of liquid level in reservoir the volume producing hydrogen.But, also there is following shortcoming in this application case: one section of sodium metal is directly sent in aerogenesis bottle and reacted by (1) sodium metal thruster, the sodium metal participating in reaction is directly dissolved in aerogenesis bottle, can impact the change of reservoir liquid level, thus inaccurate when calculating the volume producing hydrogen; (2) cannot fixing quantity be accomplished in course of reaction, be unfavorable for controlling response intensity and carrying out quantitative examination to reaction; (3) drawn the method producing hydrogen volume by the change of liquid level in visual inspection reservoir, error is comparatively large, and waste time and energy, conventional efficient is not high.
In sum, how to overcome Hydrogen collection process operation that current use for laboratory metal/water reaction device for producing hydrogen exists loaded down with trivial details and manually carry out hydrogen output add up waste time and energy, deficiency that error is larger, be the technical barrier needing solution in prior art badly.
Summary of the invention
1. invent the technical matters that will solve
Instant invention overcomes Hydrogen collection process operation that current use for laboratory metal/water reaction device for producing hydrogen exists loaded down with trivial details and manually carry out hydrogen output add up waste time and energy, deficiency that error is larger, provide a kind of metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision and collection method, achieve and simplify Hydrogen collection operating process and the self registering function of gas production rate.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, comprises solution storage mechanism, the gentle amount detection machine structure of reaction mechanism;
Described solution storage mechanism is connected with reaction mechanism, and reaction mechanism is connected with tolerance testing agency;
Described reaction mechanism comprises fixed support, three mouthfuls of conical flasks, constant water bath box and magnetic stirring apparatuss; Be provided with constant water bath box above magnetic stirring apparatus, constant water bath box inside is provided with three mouthfuls of conical flasks; The container that three mouthfuls of conical flasks react as metal/water, which is provided with three openings, be called solution opening, metal powder opening and gas openings, wherein: solution opening is connected with solution storage mechanism, metal powder opening is sealed by sealing-plug, and gas openings is connected with tolerance testing agency;
Described fixed support is fixed on the top of magnetic stirring apparatus, and fixed support is fixedly connected with three mouthfuls of conical flasks.
As the further improvement of metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, described solution storage mechanism comprises solution and enters pipe, solenoid valve, heating cabinet, solution storage case, thermopair, temperature controller, control box and 1# pressure unit;
Be provided with solution storage case in described heating cabinet, be provided with two openings bottom solution storage case, one end that one of them opening and solution enter pipe is connected, and solution enters the other end of pipe and described solution opening in communication; Bottom solution storage case, another opening is provided with 1# pressure unit, and 1# pressure unit is electrically connected with control box; Solution enters pipe and is provided with solenoid valve, and solenoid valve is electrically connected with control box;
Described heating cabinet is electrically connected with temperature controller, and it is inner that solution storage case is located at by thermopair, and thermopair is electrically connected with temperature controller.
As the further improvement of metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, described tolerance testing agency comprises gauge line, reserve tank, gas escape pipe, 2# pressure unit, data collecting instrument, computing machine and display;
Described gauge line and reserve tank are interconnected, and gauge line upper opening communicating with air; Reserve tank top is provided with an opening, and this opening is connected with one end of gas escape pipe, and the other end of gas escape pipe is connected with described gas openings;
Be provided with 2# pressure unit bottom described gauge line, the output terminal of 2# pressure unit is connected with the input end of data collecting instrument, and the output terminal of data collecting instrument is connected with computing machine, and display is connected with computing machine.
As the further improvement of metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, the position at described solution storage case place is higher than constant water bath box 50 ~ 200mm.
As the further improvement of metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, the structure of described heating cabinet is cylindrical shape, and the internal diameter of heating cabinet is 30 ~ 100mm, is highly 50 ~ 200mm, heating cabinet bottom opening, and aperture is 20 ~ 90mm; Described solution storage case adopts stainless steel to make, and its top is with cover, and two openings bottom it are the circular hole of diameter 10 ~ 20mm; The wall thickness of solution storage case is 1 ~ 2mm, and internal diameter is 30 ~ 100mm, is highly 50 ~ 200mm.
As the further improvement of metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, described gauge line and reserve tank all adopt transparent organic glass to make; The wall thickness of gauge line is 1 ~ 3mm, and internal diameter is 5 ~ 20mm, is highly 200 ~ 500mm; The wall thickness of reserve tank is 1 ~ 3mm, and internal diameter is 30 ~ 150mm, is highly 100 ~ 300mm.
Metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing collection method, its step is,
Step one, ready reaction solution
A, connection metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, turn-on data Acquisition Instrument, computing machine and display;
B, to water filling in gauge line and reserve tank, in solution storage case, add reaction solution, water filling in constant water bath box, three mouthfuls of conical flasks are put into constant water bath box, and uses fixed support to be fixed by three mouthfuls of conical flasks;
C, open the heater switch of temperature controller and constant water bath box, the reaction solution in solution storage case and the water in constant water bath box are heated to same temperature;
Step 2, hydrogen production reaction
A, take the metal of question response, and this metal is positioned over the bottom of three mouthfuls of conical flasks, the magneton of magnetic stirring apparatus is put into three mouthfuls of conical flasks, then by three mouthfuls of conical flasks sealings simultaneously;
B, on control box, set the addition of reaction solution, then opens solenoid valve starts to add reaction solution in three mouthfuls of conical flasks, starts reaction and produce hydrogen in three mouthfuls of conical flasks;
The agitating function of c, unlatching magnetic stirring apparatus, when reaction solution addition arrives the setting value on control box, solenoid valve cuts out automatically;
Step 3, metering gas production rate
I, the data acquisition software opened on computing machine, gather the force value on 2# pressure unit;
II, start reaction after, the change value of pressure that 2# pressure unit records is Δ P, and in gauge line, the liquid level changing value of water is Δ h, and the floorage of gauge line is s, and internal diameter is d, then gas production rate V is according to following formulae discovery:
III, computing machine calculate the real-time gas production rate V of hydrogen automatically according to above-mentioned formula, and show over the display;
Step 4, hydrogen discharge
After experiment terminates, open the metal powder opening on three mouthfuls of conical flasks, gauge line is again identical with the height of water level in reserve tank, proceeds next group experiment test.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result:
(1) metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision and collection method, 2# pressure unit is installed bottom gauge line, hydrogen enters reserve tank by gas escape pipe, and the water of equal volume is drained into gauge line, when gauge line water level increases, gauge line base pressure can be caused to increase, the pressure acted on 2# pressure unit also can increase, 2# pressure unit can measure the real-time pressure change in experimentation, gas production rate can be calculated by the internal diameter of pressure delta data and gauge line, gas production rate automatically calculates on computers and stores in table form on computers, in the present invention, the data of gas production rate are automatically calculating by computing machine, gas production rate measuring accuracy is high, time saving and energy saving, overcome the deficiency that human metering gas production rate precision is low, waste time and energy, and the force value on 2# pressure unit is Real-time Collection, therefore in course of reaction, the gas production rate data of random time section can obtain in real time and store, and finally obtain gas production rate continually varying data in time in whole course of reaction, are conducive to furtheing investigate course of reaction.
(2) metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision and collection method, water is injected gauge line and reserve tank by gauge line upper opening, according to law of connected vessels, now the water level of gauge line is consistent with reserve tank, can determine according to actual needs to test required height of water level.In experimentation, the hydrogen that reaction produces can enter reserve tank, and the water of equal volume is drained into gauge line, and now the water level of gauge line is higher than reserve tank; After one group of experiment terminates, open the metal powder opening on three mouthfuls of conical flasks, reserve tank communicates with air, and the rising of groundwater level of reserve tank is also again consistent with the water level of gauge line, can proceed next and organize experiment test, without the need to repeating water filling.Through improvement of the present invention, only need a water filling just can realize repeatedly testing in experiment, avoid gas collection measuring cylinder in current hydrogen gas production rate experiments of measuring and need the troublesome operation process of water filling repeatedly.
(3) metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision and collection method, after the metal powder of question response adds reaction vessel, sealed reaction vessel, then opens solenoid valve adds reaction solution, the addition of reaction solution is controlled by control box, its principle is the liquid level change by 1# pressure unit monitoring solution storage case, reaction solution addition is manually set, when 1# pressure unit detects that force value equals the emergent pressure remained in solution storage case when reaction solution addition just reaches setting value corresponding to reaction solution liquid level, then trigger closed electromagnetic valve action, and then stop the interpolation of reaction solution, the quantitative interpolation of realization response solution, when this process also avoids on the one hand and adds metal and reaction solution simultaneously, the gas effusion problem caused due to not timely sealed reaction vessel, accurately to measure on the other hand from reaction to decomposition induction time time when having gas to produce, be convenient to further investigate course of reaction.
(4) metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision and collection method, the addition of reaction solution realizes fixing quantity by control box, temperature of reaction realizes controlling by temperature controller and constant water bath box, thus is conducive to carrying out quantitative examination to reaction and controlling the intensity of reaction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of metal of the present invention/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision.
Label declaration in schematic diagram: 1, gauge line; 2, reserve tank; 3, gas escape pipe; 4, fixed support; 5, three mouthfuls of conical flasks; 6, solution enters pipe; 7, solenoid valve; 8, heating cabinet; 9, solution storage case; 10, thermopair; 11, temperature controller; 12, control box; 13,1# pressure unit; 14, constant water bath box; 15, magnetic stirring apparatus; 16,2# pressure unit; 17, data collecting instrument; 18, computing machine; 19, display.
Embodiment
For understanding content of the present invention further, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing the experimental provision of the present embodiment, comprise solution storage mechanism, the gentle amount detection machine structure of reaction mechanism, solution storage mechanism is connected with reaction mechanism, reaction mechanism is connected with tolerance testing agency, wherein: solution storage mechanism is used for depositing reaction solution, reaction mechanism for deposit question response metal and as reaction vessel, tolerance testing agency is used for the amounts of hydrogen that detection reaction produces, be specially reaction solution to enter in reaction mechanism and produce hydrogen with metal reaction, hydrogen passes in tolerance testing agency and realizes automatically detecting in real time of gas production rate.
Reaction mechanism comprises fixed support 4, three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5, constant water bath box 14 and magnetic stirring apparatuss 15, and be provided with constant water bath box 14 above magnetic stirring apparatus 15, constant water bath box 14 inside is provided with three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5.Three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5, as the container of metal/water reaction, which is provided with three openings, are called solution opening, metal powder opening and gas openings, wherein: solution opening is connected with solution storage mechanism, for adding reaction solution; Metal powder opening is sealed by sealing-plug, and metal powder opening is for adding the metal powder of question response; Gas openings is connected with tolerance testing agency, sends in reserve tank 2 for hydrogen reaction produced.Fixed support 4 is fixed on the top of magnetic stirring apparatus 15, fixed support 4 is fixedly connected with three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5, fixed support 4, for mouthful conical flask of three in fixation reaction process 5, prevents three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 in course of reaction from shaking and occurring that sealing-plug comes off, the situation of gas effusion.The volume of three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 is 250ml.Magnetic stirring apparatus 15 is heat-collecting magnetic stirring device, and model adopts DF-101S, and this device provides reaction conditions for experiment, makes reaction solution and the abundant hybrid reaction of metal powder.
Solution storage mechanism comprises solution and enters pipe 6, solenoid valve 7, heating cabinet 8, solution storage case 9, thermopair 10, temperature controller 11, control box 12 and 1# pressure unit 13.Be provided with solution storage case 9 in heating cabinet 8, be provided with two openings bottom solution storage case 9, one end that one of them opening and solution enter pipe 6 is connected, and solution enters the other end and the solution opening in communication of pipe 6; Bottom solution storage case 9, another opening is provided with 1# pressure unit 13,1# pressure unit 13 and is electrically connected with control box 12.Solution enters pipe 6 and is provided with solenoid valve 7, and solenoid valve 7 is electrically connected with control box 12.Heating cabinet 8 is electrically connected with temperature controller 11, and it is inner that solution storage case 9 is located at by thermopair 10, and thermopair 10 is electrically connected with temperature controller 11.Thermopair 10 adopts standard K type thermopair.The Temperature numerical of detection for detecting the temperature of solution storage case 9 internal-response solution, and is fed back to temperature controller 11 by thermopair 10.Temperature controller 11 is for controlling the heating-up temperature of heating cabinet 8, after temperature controller 11 sets Temperature numerical, reaction solution in solution storage case 9 is just heated to assigned temperature by heating cabinet 8, after the reaction solution in solution storage case 9 reaches assigned temperature, thermopair 10 feeds back Temperature numerical now to temperature controller 11, and temperature controller 11 controls heating cabinet 8 and maintained by the reaction solution in solution storage case 9 in the temperature of specifying.Thermopair 10 and temperature controller 11 realize controlling the temperature of reaction solution in solution storage case 9 jointly.
The pressure signal that the closing motion of solenoid valve 7 is imported by 1# pressure unit 13 triggers, 1# pressure unit 13 is for detecting the force value in solution storage case 9 corresponding to the corresponding liquid level of reaction solution in real time, and by this force value real-time Transmission to control box 12, the closing motion of the force value Controlling solenoid valve 7 that control box 12 feeds back according to 1# pressure unit 13.On control box 12, set the addition of reaction solution before reaction starts, now 1# pressure unit 13 detects a force value in solution storage case 9 corresponding to the corresponding liquid level of reaction solution, and this force value is fed back to control box 12, after reaction starts, solenoid valve 7 is opened, and reaction solution joins in three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 gradually, and now 1# pressure unit 13 detects the force value gradually changed, when reaction solution addition has just reached the setting value of control box 12, the now corresponding critical pressure value of the corresponding liquid level of reaction solution in solution storage case 9 (this critical pressure value equal to react start the force value of reaction solution addition in solution storage case 9 corresponding to liquid level that force value that front 1# pressure unit 13 detects deducts setting numerical value), when the force value that 1# pressure unit 13 detects equals this critical pressure value, the addition of proved response solution just in time equals prior setting numerical value, then control box 12 Controlling solenoid valve 7 carries out closing motion, and then stop the interpolation of reaction solution, the quantitative interpolation of realization response solution.
Tolerance testing agency comprises gauge line 1, reserve tank 2, gas escape pipe 3,2# pressure unit 16, data collecting instrument 17, computing machine 18 and display 19, and gauge line 1 and reserve tank 2 are interconnected, and gauge line 1 upper opening communicating with air.Reserve tank 2 top is provided with an opening, and this opening is connected with one end of gas escape pipe 3, and the other end of gas escape pipe 3 is connected with the gas openings on three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5.2# pressure unit 16 is provided with bottom gauge line 1, for the pressure of equivalent water level in meter buret 1,2# pressure unit 16 reflects the numerical value of gas production rate by the change of pressure in gauge line 1, the output terminal of 2# pressure unit 16 is connected with the input end of data collecting instrument 17, the output terminal of data collecting instrument 17 is connected with computing machine 18, display 19 is connected with computing machine 18, for showing real-time gas production rate.Data collecting instrument 17 adopts Agilent 34972A type data collecting instrument, is provided with Agilent data collecting instrument software kit in computing machine 18, for gathering storage data.Gas escape pipe 3 and solution enter pipe 6 and all adopt glass tube to make, and all use rubber plug and three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 to be tightly connected.1# pressure unit 13 and 2# pressure unit 16 all adopt high precision lower range diffused silicon pressure transmitter, and in order to ensure measuring accuracy, pressure range is 0 ~ 5KPa.Conveniently Germicidal efficacy, gauge line 1 and reserve tank 2 all adopt transparent organic glass to make.The data of 2# pressure unit 16 are gathered by data collecting instrument 17, and are stored in table form on computing machine 18.
In the present embodiment, the wall thickness of gauge line 1 is 3mm, and internal diameter is 10mm, is highly 300mm; The wall thickness of reserve tank 2 is 3mm, and internal diameter is 50mm, is highly 200mm.For ensureing that reaction solution flows in three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 smoothly, the position of solution storage case 9 is higher than the position 200mm of constant water bath box 14.The structure of heating cabinet 8 is cylindrical shape, adopts the mode heated solution storage bin 9 of surrounding heating; The internal diameter of heating cabinet 8 is 60mm, is highly 100mm, heating cabinet 8 bottom opening, and aperture is 45mm; Solution storage case 9 adopts stainless steel to make, and its top is with cover, and two openings bottom it are the circular hole of diameter 10mm; The wall thickness of solution storage case 9 is 2mm, and internal diameter is 50mm, is highly 100mm.
Metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing the collection method of the present embodiment, its step is,
Step one, ready reaction solution
A, connection metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, turn-on data Acquisition Instrument 17, computing machine 18 and display 19;
B, from gauge line 1 upper opening to water filling gauge line 1 and reserve tank 2, gauge line 1 and reserve tank 2 middle water level height is made to be 150mm; In solution storage case 9, add reaction solution (reaction solution in the present embodiment is aqueous solution, can add corresponding solute as required in aqueous solution), make the liquid level of reaction solution in solution storage case 9 be 80mm; In constant water bath box 14, inject the water accounting for constant water bath box 14 half volume capacity, three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 are put into constant water bath box 14, and uses fixed support 4 to be fixed by three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5;
C, open the heater switch of temperature controller 11 and constant water bath box 14, be incubated after the water in the reaction solution in solution storage case 9 and constant water bath box 14 is all heated to 60 DEG C;
Step 2, hydrogen production reaction
A, take the question response aluminium powder 0.1g that mean grain size is 100nm, and aluminium powder is positioned over the bottom of three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5, the magneton of magnetic stirring apparatus 15 is put into three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 simultaneously, then three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 are sealed;
B, control box 12 sets the addition of reaction solution, in the present embodiment, the addition of reaction solution is set to 50ml, then opens solenoid valve 7 starts to add reaction solution in three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5, reaction solution addition is controlled by control box 12, start reaction in three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 and produce hydrogen, hydrogen enters reserve tank 2 by gas escape pipe 3, by the hydraulic pressure in reserve tank 2 in gauge line 1, when water level in gauge line 1 rises, the pressure acted on bottom gauge line 1 on 2# pressure unit 16 also can increase, gas production rate can be calculated by the internal diameter numerical value of pressure change numerical value and gauge line 1, gas production rate data are stored on computing machine 18 in table form,
The agitating function of c, unlatching magnetic stirring apparatus 15, when reaction solution addition arrives the 50ml of setting on control box 12, solenoid valve 7 cuts out automatically, according to the pressure of water, 1mm liquid level changes the pressure change of corresponding 10Pa, when solenoid valve 7 is not opened, the liquid level of reaction solution is 80mm, the force value that now 1# pressure unit 13 detects is 800Pa, the internal diameter of binding soln storage bin 9 is 50mm, learn as calculated, the liquid level that the reaction solution of 50ml is corresponding in solution storage case 9 is 25.5mm, the force value that then reaction solution of 50ml is corresponding is 255Pa, final critical pressure value is: 800-255=545Pa, namely when 1# pressure unit 13 detects that force value is 545Pa, then represent reaction solution addition and arrive setting value, control box 12 Controlling solenoid valve 7 is closed automatically, stop adding reaction solution in three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5.
Step 3, metering gas production rate
I, the data acquisition software opened on computing machine 18, gathered the force value on a 2# pressure unit 16 every 0.5 second and synchronous storage, the pressure recorded by 2# pressure unit 16 change can obtain experimental gas output fast;
II, start reaction after, the change value of pressure that 2# pressure unit 16 records is Δ P, and in gauge line 1, the liquid level changing value of water is Δ h, the floorage of gauge line 1 is s, internal diameter is d, then gas production rate V is according to following formulae discovery (wherein ρ represents the density of water, and g represents acceleration of gravity):
III, computing machine 18 calculate the real-time gas production rate V of hydrogen automatically according to above-mentioned formula, and show on the display 19;
Step 4, hydrogen discharge
After experiment terminates, open the metal powder opening on three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5, now the liquid level of gauge line 1 and reserve tank 2 is equivalent to simultaneously in an atmosphere exposed, according to law of connected vessels, gauge line 1 is again identical with the height of water level in reserve tank 2, next group experiment test can be proceeded, without the need to repeating water filling.
In current experimental study, the drainage that adopts carries out collecting to hydrogen and measures more, because gas generation is a continuous print process, so generally need in existing experimentation to use video camera to carry out captured in real-time to gas production rate change procedure, need to transfer video file after reaction terminates, manually carry out gas production rate statistics, finally also need statistics to make chart, and then obtain metal and water reacts the related data producing hydrogen volume and change.But this process is first higher to the pixel request of video camera, video file can take a large amount of internal memory of computing machine in addition, and data statistics process adds extra work amount.Metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing the experimental provision of the present embodiment and collection method, 2# pressure unit 16 is installed bottom gauge line 1, hydrogen enters reserve tank 2 by gas escape pipe 3, and the water of equal volume is drained into gauge line 1, when gauge line 1 water level increases, gauge line 1 base pressure can be caused to increase, the pressure acted on 2# pressure unit 16 also can increase, 2# pressure unit 16 can measure the real-time pressure change in experimentation, gas production rate can be calculated by the internal diameter of pressure delta data and gauge line 1, gas production rate automatically calculates and is stored on computing machine 18 in table form on computing machine 18, in the present embodiment, the data of gas production rate are automatically calculating by computing machine 18, gas production rate measuring accuracy is high, time saving and energy saving, overcome the deficiency that human metering gas production rate precision is low, waste time and energy, and the force value on 2# pressure unit 16 is Real-time Collection, therefore in course of reaction, the gas production rate data of random time section can obtain in real time and store, and finally obtain gas production rate continually varying data in time in whole course of reaction, are conducive to furtheing investigate course of reaction.
Usually adopt drainage gas collection in existing experimentation, thus often finishing one group of experiment just needs water filling again in graduated cylinder, operates more loaded down with trivial details.Metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing the experimental provision of the present embodiment and collection method, water is injected gauge line 1 and reserve tank 2 by gauge line 1 upper opening, according to law of connected vessels, now the water level of gauge line 1 is consistent with reserve tank 2, can determine according to actual needs to test required height of water level.In experimentation, the hydrogen that reaction produces can enter reserve tank 2, and the water of equal volume is drained into gauge line 1, and now the water level of gauge line 1 is higher than reserve tank 2; After one group of experiment terminates, open the metal powder opening on three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5, reserve tank 2 communicates with air, and the rising of groundwater level of reserve tank 2 is also again consistent with the water level of gauge line 1, can proceed next and organize experiment test, without the need to repeating water filling.Through improvement of the present invention, only need a water filling just can realize repeatedly testing in experiment, avoid gas collection measuring cylinder in current hydrogen gas production rate experiments of measuring and need the troublesome operation process of water filling repeatedly.
In existing hydrogen gas production rate experiments of measuring process, be the metal powder first adding question response in reaction solution mostly, then again reaction vessel sealed, do like this and easily cause before sealed reaction vessel, just have gas to overflow.Metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing the experimental provision of the present embodiment and collection method, after the metal powder of question response adds reaction vessel, sealed reaction vessel, then opens solenoid valve 7 adds reaction solution, the addition of reaction solution is controlled by control box 12, its principle is the liquid level change of being monitored solution storage case 9 by 1# pressure unit 13, reaction solution addition is manually set, when 1# pressure unit 13 detects that force value equals emergent pressure when reaction solution addition just reaches setting value in solution storage case 9 corresponding to residue reaction solution liquid level, then trigger solenoid valve 7 closing motion, and then stop the interpolation of reaction solution, the quantitative interpolation of realization response solution.When this process also avoids on the one hand and adds metal and reaction solution simultaneously, the gas effusion problem caused due to not timely sealed reaction vessel, accurately to measure on the other hand from reaction to decomposition induction time time when having gas to produce, be convenient to further investigate course of reaction.
The metal of question response and the amount of reaction solution cannot accomplish fixing quantity and temperature of reaction is uncontrollable in existing course of reaction, is unfavorable for carrying out quantitative examination to reaction and controlling the intensity of reaction; Metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing the experimental provision of the present embodiment and collection method, the addition of reaction solution realizes fixing quantity by control box 12, temperature of reaction realizes controlling by temperature controller 11 and constant water bath box 14, thus is conducive to carrying out quantitative examination to reaction and controlling the intensity of reaction.
Embodiment 2
Metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing the experimental provision of the present embodiment, its basic structure is identical with embodiment 1, and its difference is: the wall thickness of gauge line 1 is 1mm, and internal diameter is 15mm, is highly 200mm; The wall thickness of reserve tank 2 is 1mm, and internal diameter is 90mm, is highly 100mm.For ensureing that reaction solution flows in three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 smoothly, the position of solution storage case 9 is higher than the position 125mm of constant water bath box 14.The internal diameter of heating cabinet 8 is 100mm, is highly 70mm, heating cabinet 8 bottom opening, and aperture is 70mm; Solution storage case 9 adopts stainless steel to make, and its top is with cover, and two openings bottom it are the circular hole of diameter 20mm; The wall thickness of solution storage case 9 is 1mm, and internal diameter is 90mm, and height is 70mm.
Embodiment 3
Metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing the experimental provision of the present embodiment, its basic structure is identical with embodiment 1, and its difference is: the wall thickness of gauge line 1 is 2mm, and internal diameter is 20mm, is highly 400mm; The wall thickness of reserve tank 2 is 2mm, and internal diameter is 150mm, is highly 300mm.For ensureing that reaction solution flows in three mouthfuls of conical flasks 5 smoothly, the position of solution storage case 9 is higher than the position 50mm of constant water bath box 14.The internal diameter of heating cabinet 8 is 50mm, is highly 180mm, heating cabinet 8 bottom opening, and aperture is 35mm; Solution storage case 9 adopts stainless steel to make, and its top is with cover, and two openings bottom it are the circular hole of diameter 10mm; The wall thickness of solution storage case 9 is 2mm, and internal diameter is 40mm, and height is 180mm.
Schematically above be described the present invention and embodiment thereof, this description does not have restricted, and also just one of the embodiments of the present invention shown in accompanying drawing, actual structure is not limited thereto.So, if those of ordinary skill in the art enlightens by it, when not departing from the invention aim, designing the frame mode similar to this technical scheme and embodiment without creationary, all should protection scope of the present invention be belonged to.
Claims (7)
1. metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, is characterized in that: comprise solution storage mechanism, the gentle amount detection machine structure of reaction mechanism;
Described solution storage mechanism is connected with reaction mechanism, and reaction mechanism is connected with tolerance testing agency;
Described reaction mechanism comprises fixed support (4), three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5), constant water bath box (14) and magnetic stirring apparatuss (15); Magnetic stirring apparatus (15) top is provided with constant water bath box (14), and constant water bath box (14) inside is provided with three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5); The container that three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5) are reacted as metal/water, which is provided with three openings, be called solution opening, metal powder opening and gas openings, wherein: solution opening is connected with solution storage mechanism, metal powder opening is sealed by sealing-plug, and gas openings is connected with tolerance testing agency;
Described fixed support (4) is fixed on the top of magnetic stirring apparatus (15), and fixed support (4) is fixedly connected with three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5).
2. metal according to claim 1/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, is characterized in that: described solution storage mechanism comprises solution and enters pipe (6), solenoid valve (7), heating cabinet (8), solution storage case (9), thermopair (10), temperature controller (11), control box (12) and 1# pressure unit (13);
Solution storage case (9) is provided with in described heating cabinet (8), solution storage case (9) bottom is provided with two openings, one of them opening and solution enter the one end of managing (6) and are connected, and solution enters the other end of pipe (6) and described solution opening in communication; Another opening of solution storage case (9) bottom is provided with 1# pressure unit (13), and 1# pressure unit (13) is electrically connected with control box (12); Solution enters pipe (6) and is provided with solenoid valve (7), and solenoid valve (7) is electrically connected with control box (12);
Described heating cabinet (8) is electrically connected with temperature controller (11), and it is inner that solution storage case (9) is located at by thermopair (10), and thermopair (10) is electrically connected with temperature controller (11).
3. metal according to claim 1/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, is characterized in that: described tolerance testing agency comprises gauge line (1), reserve tank (2), gas escape pipe (3), 2# pressure unit (16), data collecting instrument (17), computing machine (18) and display (19);
Described gauge line (1) and reserve tank (2) are interconnected, and gauge line (1) upper opening communicating with air; Reserve tank (2) top is provided with an opening, and this opening is connected with the one end of gas escape pipe (3), and the other end of gas escape pipe (3) is connected with described gas openings;
Described gauge line (1) bottom is provided with 2# pressure unit (16), the output terminal of 2# pressure unit (16) is connected with the input end of data collecting instrument (17), the output terminal of data collecting instrument (17) is connected with computing machine (18), and display (19) is connected with computing machine (18).
4. metal according to claim 2/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, is characterized in that: the position at described solution storage case (9) place is higher than constant water bath box (14) 50 ~ 200mm.
5. metal according to claim 2/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, it is characterized in that: the structure of described heating cabinet (8) is cylindrical shape, the internal diameter of heating cabinet (8) is 30 ~ 100mm, be highly 50 ~ 200mm, heating cabinet (8) bottom opening, aperture is 20 ~ 90mm; Described solution storage case (9) adopts stainless steel to make, and its top is with cover, and two openings bottom it are the circular hole of diameter 10 ~ 20mm; The wall thickness of solution storage case (9) is 1 ~ 2mm, and internal diameter is 30 ~ 100mm, is highly 50 ~ 200mm.
6. metal according to claim 3/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, is characterized in that: described gauge line (1) and reserve tank (2) all adopt transparent organic glass to make; The wall thickness of gauge line (1) is 1 ~ 3mm, and internal diameter is 5 ~ 20mm, is highly 200 ~ 500mm; The wall thickness of reserve tank (2) is 1 ~ 3mm, and internal diameter is 30 ~ 150mm, is highly 100 ~ 300mm.
7. metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing collection method, is characterized in that: its step is,
Step one, ready reaction solution
A, connection metal/water reaction hydrogen manufacturing experimental provision, turn-on data Acquisition Instrument (17), computing machine (18) and display (19);
B, to water filling in gauge line (1) and reserve tank (2), reaction solution is added in solution storage case (9), water filling in constant water bath box (14), three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5) are put into constant water bath box (14), and uses fixed support (4) three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5) to be fixed;
C, open the heater switch of temperature controller (11) and constant water bath box (14), the water in the reaction solution in solution storage case (9) and constant water bath box (14) is heated to same temperature;
Step 2, hydrogen production reaction
A, take the metal of question response, and this metal is positioned over the bottom of three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5), the magneton of magnetic stirring apparatus (15) is put into three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5), then by three mouthfuls of conical flask (5) sealings simultaneously;
B, addition at control box (12) upper setting reaction solution, then opens solenoid valve (7) starts to add reaction solution in three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5), starts reaction and produce hydrogen in three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5);
The agitating function of c, unlatching magnetic stirring apparatus (15), when reaction solution addition arrives the setting value on control box (12), solenoid valve (7) cuts out automatically;
Step 3, metering gas production rate
I, the data acquisition software opened on computing machine (18), gather the force value on 2# pressure unit (16);
II, start reaction after, the change value of pressure that 2# pressure unit (16) records is Δ P, and in gauge line (1), the liquid level changing value of water is Δ h, and the floorage of gauge line (1) is s, internal diameter is d, then gas production rate V is according to following formulae discovery:
III, computing machine (18) calculate the real-time gas production rate V of hydrogen automatically according to above-mentioned formula, and in the upper display of display (19);
Step 4, hydrogen discharge
After experiment terminates, open the metal powder opening on three mouthfuls of conical flasks (5), gauge line (1) is again identical with the height of water level in reserve tank (2), proceeds next group experiment test.
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| CN201710701838.7A CN107505230B (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2015-06-25 | Method for producing and collecting hydrogen by metal/water reaction |
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| CN104897517B (en) | 2017-09-15 |
| CN107505230B (en) | 2020-05-05 |
| CN107505230A (en) | 2017-12-22 |
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