CN104897240A - An oil-water interface measuring method - Google Patents
An oil-water interface measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104897240A CN104897240A CN201510080032.1A CN201510080032A CN104897240A CN 104897240 A CN104897240 A CN 104897240A CN 201510080032 A CN201510080032 A CN 201510080032A CN 104897240 A CN104897240 A CN 104897240A
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Abstract
The invention provides an oil-water interface measuring method. The method comprises the steps of putting a polarized antenna pair in a to-be-measured medium; allowing the polarized antenna pair to move in the vertical direction in the medium; recording receiving signal amplitude values at different positions in the moving process of the polarized antenna pair; calculating the absolute value R(n) of the difference value between the receiving signal amplitude value at each position and a reference signal amplitude value in crude oil and the absolute value X(n) of the difference value between the receiving signal amplitude at each position and a reference signal amplitude value in water; finding out the values of n obtained when R(n) is less than CH*QH and forming a set R; finding out the values of n obtained when X(n) is less than CL*QL and forming a set X; finding out the minimum value in the set R and the maximum value in the set X; calculating H1=1*Xmax and H2=1*Rmin, wherein the range of 0-H1 represents water layers, the range of H1-H2 represents oil-water mixed layers, and the range of H2-H represents oil layers. A pair of polarized antennas with the same polarization direction is arranged in a parallel and spaced manner, thereby being capable of receiving favorable radiation signals and preventing the influence of diffraction of signals and multi-path transmission on received signals.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automatic measurement technology field, particularly a kind of method measuring water-oil interface, is mainly used in the measurement of water-oil interface in crude oil storage tank.
Background technology
In oil extraction process, in the particularly oilfield exploitation later stage, need to inject a large amount of water to underground and obtain oil to improve pressure.Just containing a large amount of water and silt in the crude oil that such exploitation obtains.In the slurry tank of high temperature (80 DEG C), due to the layering of Action of Gravity Field profit.After how obtaining layering, the position of water-oil interface gets rid of the problem that water becomes needs solution in time.The measurement of current oil water interface is mainly divided into contact type measurement and non-contact measurement.
Contact type measurement mainly adopts float type liquid level measuring appliance, capacitance type liquid level measuring instrument, differential pressure type level measuring instrument etc.Wherein, float type liquid level measuring appliance is by buoys float on the liquid measured, and liquid level change is converted to corresponding electric signal; But float is subject to the impact of liquid fluctuation, oil dung in measuring process, the impact of mechanical movable member own also can bring problem to measurement, causes deviation larger.Capacitor immerses in oil tank by capacitance type liquid level measuring instrument, and the capacitance measuring capacitor judges interfacial position; Because the surroundings affecting electric capacity is more, the emulsion layer of this method not easily between Measurement accuracy water-oil interface.Differential pressure type liquid level measuring instrument immerses in oil tank by pressure difference transmitter, by the pressure differential of instrument measurement liquid level, can cause the pressure differential change detected, thus record liquid level according to the change of fluid density; But due to the normal precipitated thing of impulse pipeline at the bottom of tank, viscous medium blocking, affect pressure transmission, particularly more serious in blocking cold season, necessary periodic blow down, makes maintenance large.
Non-contact measurement mainly adopts Ultrasonic Liquid Level Indicator, microwave fluid level measuring instrument etc.Ultrasonic Liquid Level Indicator produces echo system work according to pulse liquid level, and the reflection wave signal that utilization receives obtains the distance from testee surface, can only be applied to fuel head and measure.Microwave fluid level measuring instrument has two kinds of modes, and one is radar type level gauging, and another kind is occurred and receiving trap by microwave, calculates the parameters such as microwave signal transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient and judges water-oil interface; It is advantageous that the effect by some factors such as Media density, pressure, environment temperature and humidity is less.
Authorization Notice No. is that CN 2246795Y Chinese utility model patent discloses a kind of large tank oil-water interface measurement mechanism, this measurement mechanism utilizes coil radiate high frequency signal, and received by the receiving coil being placed in same metal can, the size of Received signal strength is shown by microampere meter.This device adopts contact type measurement, electromagnetic reflected signal is received with receiving coil, due to electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic, receiving coil can receive the electromagnetic signal after a large amount of diffraction, multipath reflection, directivity in addition due to coil radiated electromagnetic wave is indefinite, so just increase the generation scope of undesired signal, the measuring accuracy of this method is reduced greatly.And according to the characteristic of antenna, when after transmitting coil or receiving coil and the medium contact such as oil, water, its characteristic occurs greatly to change, and this is extremely disadvantageous to the radiation of high-frequency signal and reception, can bring error to measurement result.
Number of patent application is that 201010550526 Chinese invention patent applications disclose a kind of oil-water interface measuring device of crude oil storage tank, this device utilizes Single-chip Controlling Microwave emission array to produce microwave signal, signal is propagated in the different mediums such as oil reservoir, water layer, air layer, received by receiving element after storage tank reflection, judge transmitter unit present position by the power comparing Received signal strength amplitude and calculate oil water surface.The patent No. be 201320891190.1 Chinese utility model patent disclose a kind of oil-water surface measuring instrument, this measuring instrument utilizes mobile electromagnetical launch and accept array emitter electromagnetic signal, and utilizes same array received reflected signal.The polarization characteristic of antenna transmission and reception do not considered by aforementioned two kinds of measurement mechanisms, have ignored microwave signal diffraction, impact that the reflection of oil gas interface, polarised direction are brought measuring accuracy reflected signal power, in order to measuring accuracy, need to set up matrix emissive unit, make apparatus structure complicated, bring great challenge to the Stability and dependability of device, make later maintenance also become more difficult.And it is not the cost forming matrix emissive unit is higher, very good in economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of measuring accuracy high, microwave signal transmission can be avoided receiving the method for measurement water-oil interface impacted.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A measuring method for water-oil interface, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, by poliarizing antenna to putting into medium to be measured, one of them poliarizing antenna is as emitting antenna, and another poliarizing antenna is as receiving antenna, and the identical and parallel interval of these two poliarizing antenna polarised directions is arranged;
Step 2, poliarizing antenna is vertically moved in medium to be measured, emitting antenna radiation signal in moving process, receiving antenna Received signal strength;
Step 3, record poliarizing antenna are to the Received signal strength amplitude at diverse location place in moving process, the total distance of the right single-way moving of poliarizing antenna is H, poliarizing antenna is l to mobile unit distance once, n represents that poliarizing antenna is to residing position, and the Received signal strength amplitude of n position is Q (n), and poliarizing antenna can record the Received signal strength amplitude at N number of diverse location place to a mobile stroke, N=H/l, n=1 ..., N;
Signal amplitude reference value Q in step 4, Received signal strength amplitude Q (n) calculating each position and crude oil
habsolute value R (n) of difference and Received signal strength amplitude Q (n) and submarine signal amplitude reference value Q
labsolute value X (n) of difference:
R(n)＝|Q(n)-Q
H|，
X(n)＝|Q(n)-Q
L|；
Wherein, Q
hfor signal amplitude reference value in crude oil, Q
lfor submarine signal amplitude reference value;
Step 5, find out R (n) and be less than C
h× Q
htime n value, composition set R, find out X (n) and be less than C
l× Q
ltime n value, composition set X, wherein, C
hfor measuring error parameter in oil, C
lfor measuring error parameter in water;
Step 6, the minimum value R found out in set R
minand the maximal value X in set X
max;
If set R is empty set, be then water layer within the scope of 0 ~ H; If set X is empty set, be then oil reservoir within the scope of 0 ~ H;
Step 7, calculating H1=l × X
max, H2=l × R
min, being water layer within the scope of 0 ~ H1, is oil mixing with water layer within the scope of H1 ~ H2, is oil reservoir within the scope of H2 ~ H.
The band bandwidth of the poliarizing antenna of the inventive method is 2GHz ~ 3GHz.
The poliarizing antenna of the inventive method is microstrip antenna.
The inventive method be arranged in signal emission module for the poliarizing antenna launched, the described poliarizing antenna for receiving is arranged in signal receiving module; Described signal emission module comprises sensor outer housing, the surface-mounted integrated circuit be arranged in described sensor outer housing, the signal generating circuit be arranged on described surface-mounted integrated circuit, the coaxial cable connector be arranged on described sensor outer housing, poliarizing antenna to be arranged on surface-mounted integrated circuit and to be connected with described signal generating circuit, described coaxial cable connector is connected with described signal generating circuit, to power to described signal generating circuit; Described signal receiving module comprises sensor outer housing, the surface-mounted integrated circuit be arranged in described sensor outer housing, the signal receiving circuit be arranged on described surface-mounted integrated circuit, the coaxial cable connector be arranged on described sensor outer housing, poliarizing antenna to be arranged on surface-mounted integrated circuit and to be connected with described signal receiving circuit, described coaxial cable connector is connected with described signal receiving circuit, to power to described signal receiving circuit and outwards to transmit data.
The poliarizing antenna of the inventive method comprises radiation fin, microstrip feed line and ground lug, described radiation fin is connected with described microstrip feed line and is arranged on the upper surface of surface-mounted integrated circuit, described ground lug is arranged on the lower surface of surface-mounted integrated circuit, described signal generating circuit and signal receiving circuit are connected with described microstrip feed line respectively, described ground lug ground connection.
The radiation fin of the inventive method is rectangle, the center line of described ground lug and the center line of radiation fin perpendicular.
The radiation fin of the inventive method, microstrip feed line and ground lug are the copper sheet of 0.1 ~ 0.2 millimeters thick, and the distance between the poliarizing antenna of described signal emission module and the poliarizing antenna of signal receiving module is 15 centimetres.
The sensor outer housing of the inventive method is made up of plastic casing and metal shielding, and described poliarizing antenna is positioned at plastic casing, and described signal generating circuit and signal receiving circuit lay respectively in metal shielding.
The signal generating circuit of the inventive method comprises voltage controlled oscillator, voltage regulator circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, matching network circuit and transmitter module power circuit, described transmitter module power circuit is that described voltage controlled oscillator, voltage regulator circuit and ON-OFF control circuit are powered, described voltage controlled oscillator is connected with described voltage regulator circuit, ON-OFF control circuit and matching network respectively, and described matching network circuit is connected with poliarizing antenna.
The signal receiving circuit of the inventive method comprises matched filtering circuit, wave detector, amplifying circuit, output protection circuit and receiver module power circuit; described receiver module power circuit is described wave detector, amplifying circuit, output protection circuit are powered; described matched filtering circuit, wave detector, amplifying circuit, output protection circuit are connected successively, and described matched filter network is connected with poliarizing antenna.
As known from the above, the present invention adopts poliarizing antenna pair, identical and the interval of the polarised direction of two poliarizing antennas is placed, antenna vertically moves in crude oil to be measured, because the generation poliarizing antenna of signal and the poliarizing antenna of Received signal strength are all placed in petroleum tank, receiving antenna directly can receive the signal from emitting antenna, substantially reduce due to electromagnetic signal rich penetrate, the reflection of oil gas interface is on measuring the impact brought; And owing to being poliarizing antenna, the electromagnetic signal direction of aerial radiation is single, this structure also can reduce the impact that electromagnetic signal diffraction and Multipath Transmission bring Signal reception, improves the accuracy of measurement result.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram adopting the inventive method to measure water-oil interface;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention signal emission module;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 a is the structural representation of poliarizing antenna;
Fig. 5 b is the rear view of Fig. 5 a;
Fig. 6 is the circuit block diagram of the signal generating circuit of signal emission module;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention signal receiving module;
Fig. 8 is the circuit block diagram of the signal receiving circuit of signal receiving module;
Fig. 9 a is the antenna pattern of embodiment of the present invention antenna x-y axial plane;
Fig. 9 b is the antenna pattern of embodiment of the present invention antenna x-z axial plane;
Fig. 9 c is the antenna pattern of embodiment of the present invention antenna y-z axial plane;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of different frequency electromagnetic wave attenuation measurement experiment;
Figure 11 a to 11k is poliarizing antenna electromagnetic wave attenuation signature song line chart at different frequencies;
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram adopting embodiment of the present invention sensor measurement Received signal strength amplitude;
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of sensor application of the present invention when the water-oil interface of oil tank are measured;
The scheme of installation of sensor when Figure 14 is measurement.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment
When electromagnetic wave is propagated in different medium, because the specific inductive capacity of medium is different, electromagnetic decay is different, and electromagnetic damping capacity is directly proportional to the specific inductive capacity of medium.The specific inductive capacity of crude oil is about 2.3, and the specific inductive capacity of water is up to 80, both dielectric constants are very large, therefore when electromagnetic wave is changed significantly through damping capacity time different medium (oil, water), the present invention utilize the change of sensor Received signal strength power to judge electromagnetic wave is through which kind of medium, and then judge water-oil interface.
Study through inventor and find and verify through actual measurement, the decay of electromagnetic wave signal in oil, water of different frequency is different, the electromagnetic wave of some frequency band cannot distinguish water-oil interface substantially, the electromagnetic wave of characteristic frequency section is only had to be suitable for the measurement of oil water surface, the attenuation characteristic of electromagnetic wave different frequency in oil-water media is not analyzed in prior art, if have selected inappropriate frequency range to measure, measurement result will be affected.
As shown in Figure 1, the core concept of the inventive method is the poliarizing antenna utilizing pair of parallel interval to place, a poliarizing antenna is as emitting antenna, a poliarizing antenna is as receiving antenna, by poliarizing antenna to putting into crude oil, emitting antenna radiation signal, signal is received by receiving antenna after diectric attenuation, the signal demodulator received is obtained continuous print square wave, judges media property by the amplitude size measuring square-wave signal.Adopt the identical poliarizing antenna of polarised direction to measure, the electromagnetic signal direction of emitting antenna radiation is single, has good directivity, improves the penetration capacity of signal; Receiving antenna can only receive the signal of specific direction simultaneously, only has good receiving efficiency in particular directions, the impact that the reflection of reduction electromagnetic signal, the diffraction of oil gas interface, Multipath Transmission bring measuring accuracy.
As shown in Figure 2, the inventive method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, by poliarizing antenna to putting into medium to be measured, as put into the oil of oil tank, one of them poliarizing antenna is as emitting antenna, and another poliarizing antenna is as receiving antenna, and the identical and parallel interval of these two poliarizing antenna polarised directions is arranged; Poliarizing antenna is connected with treatment circuit and receiver to rear end;
Step 2, poliarizing antenna is vertically moved in medium to be measured, the poliarizing antenna of the present embodiment up moves from bottom the short transverse along petroleum tank, emitting antenna radiation signal in moving process, receiving antenna Received signal strength;
Step 3, record poliarizing antenna are to the Received signal strength amplitude at diverse location place in moving process, the total distance (stroke) of the right single-way moving of poliarizing antenna is H, poliarizing antenna is l to mobile unit distance once, n represents that poliarizing antenna is to residing position, the Received signal strength amplitude of n position is Q (n), poliarizing antenna can record the Received signal strength amplitude of N number of diverse location to a mobile stroke (be a stroke as moved to top from bottom), N=H/l, n=1, N, N are integer;
Signal amplitude reference value Q in step 4, Received signal strength amplitude Q (n) calculating each position and crude oil
habsolute value R (n) of difference and Received signal strength amplitude Q (n) and submarine signal amplitude reference value Q
labsolute value X (n) of difference:
R(n)＝|Q(n)-Q
H|，
X(n)＝|Q(n)-Q
L|；
Wherein, Q
hfor signal amplitude reference value in crude oil, Q
lfor submarine signal amplitude reference value;
Step 5, find out R (n) and be less than C
h× Q
htime n value, composition set R, wherein, C
hfor measuring error parameter in oil, the C of the present embodiment
h=0.1; Find out X (n) and be less than C
l× Q
ltime n value, composition set X, wherein, C
lfor measuring error parameter in water, the C of the present embodiment
l=0.2;
Step 6, the minimum value R found out in set R
minand the maximal value X in set X
max;
If set R is empty set, be then water layer within the scope of 0 ~ H; If set X is empty set, is then oil reservoir within the scope of 0 ~ H, now measures end;
Step 7, calculating H1=l × X
max, H2=l × R
min, being water layer within the scope of 0 ~ H1, is oil mixing with water layer within the scope of H1 ~ H2, is oil reservoir within the scope of H2 ~ H.
In order to improve measuring accuracy, can measure repeatedly, getting the mean value of H1, H2.
Because temperature is different, in crude oil, the content of material is different, by the interference of foam, impurity in crude oil, different times, different location the specific inductive capacity of crude oil adopted be generally different, under the impact of the flowing of medium composition, medium, foam, the signal amplitude that receiving antenna receives may have certain fluctuation.Because the oil medium composition of different oil fields output is different, Received signal strength amplitude and fluctuation size uncertain, signal amplitude reference value Q in crude oil
h, submarine signal amplitude reference value Q
l, measuring error parameter C in oil
h, measuring error parameter C in water
lalso different, need to adjust according to different situations.
Although its specific inductive capacity of different crude oil is also different, in same oil field, the medium composition of the oil of output is roughly the same.Before carrying out water-oil interface measurement, first can determine signal amplitude reference value Q in crude oil
hwith submarine signal amplitude reference value Q
land measuring error parameter C in oil
h, measuring error parameter C in water
l.Signal amplitude reference value Q in crude oil
hwith submarine signal amplitude reference value Q
lgraphing method can be adopted to obtain, the steps include: profit state in simulation storage tank, use the signal that oscilloscope display poliarizing antenna receives, the size of record diverse location place Received signal strength amplitude, draw height--amplitude curve figure, and get rid of comparatively big error, due to the attenuation effect of different medium, height is painted to obtain by institute--and amplitude curve figure entirety is in Z-shaped distribution, and when poliarizing antenna moves in oil, gained signal amplitude can distribute up and down along a determined value, and this determined value is signal amplitude reference value Q in crude oil
h, same, when poliarizing antenna moves in water, gained signal amplitude also can distribute along a determined value up and down, and this determined value is submarine signal amplitude reference value Q
l.The inventive method by crude oil, submarine signal amplitude reference value oil medium composition difference can be avoided to bring the amplitude fluctuations of Received signal strength on the impact of measuring accuracy.
Measuring error parameter C in oil
h=Y/Q
h, measuring error parameter C in water
l=S/Q
l, wherein, Y is the maximum magnitude of Received signal strength amplitude fluctuations in crude oil, i.e. limits of error scope in the oil of measuring process, and S is the maximum magnitude of Received signal strength amplitude fluctuations in water, i.e. limits of error scope in the water of measuring process.With the present embodiment, limits of error scope Y=0.1 × Q in the oil of measuring process
h(namely Received signal strength amplitude is at 0.9Q
h-1.1Q
hbetween can think that Received signal strength position is in oil), limits of error scope S=0.2 × Q in the oil of measuring process
l(namely Received signal strength amplitude is at 0.8Q
l-1.2Q
lbetween can think that Received signal strength position is in water).The maximum magnitude of the Received signal strength amplitude fluctuations of the present embodiment is measured in laboratory conditions and is obtained, and can adjust limits of error scope in different environments according to actual conditions, to make measurement result more accurate.
When the inventive method is measured, emitting antenna is arranged in signal emission module A, receiving antenna is positioned over (Figure 12) in signal receiving module B, signal emission module and signal receiving module are all connected with the measurement mechanism of outside by coaxial cable, carried out measuring and subsequent calculations according to the signal that sensor receives by measurement mechanism, thus judge water-oil interface, measurement mechanism can be oscillograph or network analyzer etc.According to antenna theory, when antenna and physical contact between media, antenna performance will change, and is required to be poliarizing antenna for this reason and arranges containment vessel.Meanwhile, in order to shield radiating circuit signal disturbing, shielding outer signals does not disturb Received signal strength, and the circuit part of signal emission module and signal receiving module all should be located in metal shielding.
With a specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described below.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, signal emission module comprise plastic casing 1, metal shielding 2, surface-mounted integrated circuit 3, coaxial cable connector 4 and be arranged on surface-mounted integrated circuit for the poliarizing antenna that transmits and signal generating circuit.Plastic casing 1 and metal shielding 2 form the sensor outer housing of containing antenna and surface-mounted integrated circuit; this sensor outer housing on the one hand can poliarizing antenna on Protective IC plate not with oil water contact; avoid producing corrosion impact antenna performance, can interference be shielded on the other hand.The plastic casing 1 of the present embodiment is threaded with adopting between metal shielding 2, sensor outer housing is cylindrical, plastic casing 1 is made up of the base plate 1a of circle and columnar sidewall 1b, poliarizing antenna is positioned at plastic casing 1, plastic casing is used for containing antenna so that the reception of signal, can preferably adopt weather resistant polyamide fibre shell.Metal shielding 2 is made up of the shielding case base plate 2a of circle, columnar shielding case sidewall 2b and the dividing plate 2c that offers mounting hole (not shown).Surface-mounted integrated circuit 3 is through the mounting hole on dividing plate 2c, and a part (arranging the part of antenna) is positioned at plastic casing 1, a part (arranging the part of circuit) is positioned at metal shielding 2.For the ease of securing integrated circuit plate 3, shielding case base plate 2a and dividing plate 2c all have the protruding 2d of the installation protruding from surface separately, surface-mounted integrated circuit 3 is fixed on to be installed on protruding 2d.The part of the signalization generation circuit of surface-mounted integrated circuit 3 is positioned at metal shielding 2, and metal shielding 2 can disturb for circuits mask.
Surface-mounted integrated circuit 3 prints poliarizing antenna, composition graphs 5a and Fig. 5 b simultaneously, the poliarizing antenna of the present embodiment is microstrip antenna, comprise the radiation fin 3-1 of rectangle, microstrip feed line 3-2 and ground lug 3-4, the feeding point of microstrip antenna (radiation fin) is the top of microstrip feed line, microstrip feed line is connected with signal generating circuit, and ground lug is connected with the earth terminal of signal generating circuit ground connection, the center line of ground lug and the center line of radiation fin perpendicular.Radiation fin 3-1 is connected with microstrip feed line 3-2 and is arranged on the upper surface of surface-mounted integrated circuit 3, and ground lug 3-4 is arranged on the lower surface of surface-mounted integrated circuit 3, and ground lug is positioned at bottom poliarizing antenna.Radiation fin 3-1, the microstrip feed line 3-2 of the present embodiment and ground lug 3-4 are all coated on PTFE medium substrate (surface-mounted integrated circuit), and the specific inductive capacity of this PTFE medium substrate is 2.55.Radiation fin 3-1, microstrip feed line 3-2 and ground lug 3-4 are the copper sheet of 0.1 to 0.2 millimeters thick.The length of radiation fin 3-1 is 32 millimeters, and wide is 10 millimeters.The length of microstrip feed line 3-2 is 15 millimeters, and wide is 1 millimeter.The length of ground lug 3-4 is 20 millimeters, and wide is 9 millimeters.
Reference Fig. 6, Fig. 6 are the circuit block diagram of signal generating circuit.The signal that the signal generating circuit of the present embodiment produces is superfrequency decimetric wave modulation signal.Signal generating circuit 3-3 comprises voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) 3-3a, voltage regulator circuit 3-3b, ON-OFF control circuit 3-3c, matching network circuit 3-3d and transmitter module power circuit 3-3e.Transmitter module power circuit 3-3e is that voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) 3-3a, voltage regulator circuit 3-3b and ON-OFF control circuit 3-3c power, and matching network circuit 3-3d is passive electric circuit, and it is connected with poliarizing antenna.Voltage controlled oscillator 3-3a is connected with voltage regulator circuit 3-3b, ON-OFF control circuit 3-3c and matching network 3-3d respectively.Voltage regulator circuit 3-3b makes voltage controlled oscillator 3-3a produce the signal of different frequency for generation of different voltage.ON-OFF control circuit 3-3c produces am signals for controlling voltage controlled oscillator 3-3a, and the ON-OFF control circuit of the present embodiment is 2KHz modulation switch control circuit.The signal that matching network circuit 3-3d is used for voltage controlled oscillator 3-3a produces mates with poliarizing antenna, is convenient to signal and is outwards propagated by poliarizing antenna.The signal that voltage controlled oscillator produces exports radiation fin to through microstrip feed line after matching network circuit.Voltage controlled oscillator in this example adopts superfrequency decimetric wave signal to produce chip.
With reference to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the structural representation of signal receiving module, signal receiving module comprises plastic casing 1, metal shielding 2, surface-mounted integrated circuit 3 and coaxial cable connector, surface-mounted integrated circuit is arranged and is used for the poliarizing antenna of Received signal strength and the earth terminal of signal receiving circuit 3-5, signal receiving circuit 3-5 and is connected with the ground lug of poliarizing antenna ground connection.Signal emission module only has a coaxial cable connector 4 in order to power supply, and signal receiving module has two coaxial cable connectors 4-1,4-2, is used for respectively powering and transmission data.The poliarizing antenna of signal emission module and the poliarizing antenna of signal receiving module have identical polarised direction, and the structure of two antennas is identical.
As shown in Figure 8, the signal receiving circuit 3-5 of signal receiving module comprises matched filtering circuit 3-5a, wave detector 3-5b, amplifying circuit 3-5c, output protection circuit 3-5d and receiver module power circuit 3-5e.Receiver module power circuit 3-5e is wave detector 3-5b, amplifying circuit 3-5c, output protection circuit 3-5d power; matched filtering circuit 3-5a, wave detector 3-5b, amplifying circuit 3-5c, output protection circuit 3-5d are connected successively; matched filter network 3-5a is for mating the impedance of antenna and wave detector; and the undesired signal that filtering is unnecessary, improve measuring accuracy.Wave detector 3-5b, for detecting the envelope of antenna receiving signal, completes the demodulation function of Received signal strength.Amplifying circuit 3-5c outputs signal after being used for amplification demodulator, and output protection circuit 3-5d is for protecting the not normal impact caused rear end receiving equipment of output signal.The signal that signal emission module sends reaches signal receiving circuit through microstrip feed line after being received by the antenna of signal receiving module, and signal, by after matched filtering Circuit Matching, exports after detection demodulation, amplification.
The signal that the present embodiment signal emission module produces is the superfrequency decimeter range modulation signal of modulating frequency 2KHz, the modulating frequency that signal receiving module Received signal strength transmitter module is launched is the superfrequency decimeter range modulation signal of 2KHz, and carry out demodulation, in follow-up measurement mechanism, adopt 2KHz narrow band filter to carry out purifying signal simultaneously, can reduce, with the interference of frequency electromagnetic signal, to improve measuring accuracy.The frequency of modulation signal can also select other frequency, as 4KHz, 8KHz etc.
Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b, Fig. 9 c are the HFSS simulated radiation directional diagram of the present embodiment poliarizing antenna, and the direction along microstrip transmission line is x-axis direction.As can be seen from antenna pattern, the poliarizing antenna radiation of the present embodiment has good directivity, can reduce because diffraction is on the impact of measuring accuracy.
Figure 10 utilizes vector network analyzer to carry out the schematic diagram of experiments of measuring to 0.1GHZ-10GHz electromagnetic wave attenuation in laboratory conditions.Have employed four kinds of antennas that frequency of operation is respectively 0.1GHz-1.2GHz, 1GHz-3GHz, 3GHz-7GHz, 7GHz-11GHz in experiments of measuring to measure.Oil water mixture is contained in the transparent plastic pail being of a size of 258mm × 175mm × 300mm, the height of crude oil layer is about 140mm, the height of water layer is about 140mm, antenna is placed in two side external surfaces of Plastic Drum, vector network analyzer Q is connected with antenna a, b respectively, under room temperature 25 DEG C of conditions, antenna moves from bottom to top along bucket wall, measures.Utilize network analyzer from 100MHz to 10GHz, choose a Frequency point every 50MHz, measure at different frequencies differing heights place crude oil, water, oil water mixture different medium to electromagnetic attenuation.Have chosen the representative curve of different frequency range electromagnetic wave attenuation in Figure 11 a to Figure 11 k, the Frequency point chosen is respectively 0.1GHz, 1GHz, 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz, 5GHz, 6GHz, 7GHz, 8GHz, 9GHz, 10GHz.Transmission coefficient S21 curve as can be seen from figure, 2GHz to 3GHz frequency range differing heights place (namely medium is different), electromagnetic attenuation has remarkable difference: height eminence attenuation is little, and medium is crude oil part, and height lower attenuation is large, and medium is water layer.Compare according to above measured data, in order to measure water-oil interface accurately, the band bandwidth of poliarizing antenna is preferably 2GHz ~ 3GHz.
Figure 12 adopts the sensor of the present embodiment to record the schematic diagram of differing heights position Received signal strength amplitude under laboratory condition.Fixed signal transmitter module A and signal receiving module B, the distance of two intermodules is 15 centimetres, adopts coaxial feeding, signal transmission.In the Plastic Drum of 258mm × 175mm × 300mm, add the water of 140mm, and add the crude oil of 140mm.Because density is different, crude oil and water natural layering also form emulsion layer on layering interfaces.Signal emission module and signal receiving module are connected with follow-up measurement mechanism respectively, under the condition of room temperature 25 DEG C, signal emission module and signal receiving module are positioned in oil water mixture, measure diverse location place Received signal strength amplitude size, measuring height position chooses crude oil layer (highly for 20cm) respectively, oil mixing with water layer (being highly 14cm), water layer (being highly 5cm) are measured, and the experimental data obtained is as follows:
The peak-to-peak value (unit: V) of table 1 different frequency place Received signal strength
The data list that table 1 obtains oil, water and mixing layering interfaces place measurement for utilizing the sensor of the present embodiment.As can be seen from Table 1, between signal frequency 2.2GHz to 2.6GHz, differed greatly by different medium attenuation loss, effectively can measure the position of water-oil interface, also demonstrate and select band bandwidth to be that the poliarizing antenna of 2GHz ~ 3GHz is conducive to measuring, improve and measure resolution characteristic.
When sensor of the present invention is for measuring water-oil interface, the poliarizing antenna transmitted is identical with the antenna structure of the poliarizing antenna of Received signal strength, the polarization characteristic of antenna is identical, during measurement, the receiving antenna parallel interval of the emitting antenna of signal emission module and signal receiving module is placed, make the polarised direction of the antenna of two modules identical, ensure to receive good radiation signal, to avoid the unnecessary attenuation because antenna polarization direction difference causes.During measurement, the signal generating circuit of signal emission module produces the superfrequency decimetric wave modulation signal of specific modulation frequency (as 2KHz), signal radiate through the poliarizing antenna of signal emission module, signal is received by signal receiving module after diectric attenuation, the signal post-detection demodulation received is obtained the square wave of respective frequencies (as 2KHz) by the wave detector of signal receiving module, make an uproar in the end that square-wave signal can observe receiver module, also can the decay size of observation signal, simultaneously by the feature frequency-selective filtering of signal, effective filtering is with frequency and other undesired signal.
As shown in Figure 13 to Figure 14, for survey sensor of the present invention is applied to a kind of embodiment of oil tank water-oil interface measurement.Be positioned in mounting box 10 by the signal emission module of previous embodiment and signal receiving module interval, this mounting box is metal corrosion-resistant enclosed box body.Be provided with for the interface 101 of powering and data are transmitted in mounting box 10, for connecting coaxial cable, for signal transmitting/receiving module is powered and data transmission.The part (i.e. plastic casing 1) of the built-in poliarizing antenna of sensor housing is exposed to outside mounting box 10, and the antenna of sensor can be sent and Received signal strength.During measurement, control mounting box 10 by elevation control mechanism therefor and move up and down along tank elevation direction in oil tank 11.The elevation control mechanism therefor of the present embodiment comprises mobile driver element 12, balancing weight 13, messenger 14, dragline 15.Balancing weight 13 be connected to dragline 15 bottom, be positioned at below mounting box 10, dragline 15 is connected with balancing weight 13 through the guide hole a on mounting box 10, and dragline 15 keeps vertically under balancing weight 13 acts on, thus the rectilinear motion of guarantee mounting box.Messenger is positioned at above mounting box 10, with mounting box 10 and is connected, messenger 14 is walked around the guide wheel being arranged on oil tank 11 top and is connected with mobile driver element 12, mobile driver element 12 adopts motor, when mobile driver element 12 works, draw mounting box 10 by messenger 14 to move up and down along dragline 15, the distance that simultaneous metering device metering mounting box declines.Dragline also can adopt guide rail to replace, or on mounting box, install gear or thread bush, adopts coordinating of gear and ratch or thread bush and screw mandrel to control mounting box and move.In the process of mounting box 10 movement in oil tank 11, the poliarizing antenna of signal emission module constantly transmits, signal is also sent to outside measurement mechanism by the poliarizing antenna Received signal strength of signal receiving module, measurement mechanism is recorded in the amplitude size of diverse location place Received signal strength, and the distance declined according to size and the mounting box of signal amplitude judges the position of oil water surface.
The signal emission module of sensor of the present invention and signal receiving module are all placed in oil tank when measuring, signal receiving module directly receives the signal from signal emission module, the poliarizing antenna that synchronous signal transmitter module is identical with the antenna polarised direction of signal receiving module, the electromagnetic signal direction of aerial radiation is single, the electromagnetic wave of the antenna transmission of signal emission module has good directivity, the antenna of signal receiving module can only receive the signal of specific direction, there is very high efficiency in particular directions, improve the penetration capacity of signal, thus reduce the reflection of electromagnetic signal, the diffraction of oil gas interface, the impact that Multipath Transmission brings measuring accuracy
Certainly, technical conceive of the present invention is not limited in above-described embodiment, can also obtain many different concrete schemes according to design of the present invention, such as, in embodiment, sensor housing is cylindrical shape, can reduce and hang oil, but also can adopt other shapes such as square, prismatic; In addition, the conveniently installation of antenna, surface-mounted integrated circuit, in embodiment, sensor outer housing is the housing be separated up and down, but also can adopt integral structure, and the plastic casing of separate type is connected with adopting the mode such as buckle, stickup between metal shielding; Such as these change and equivalent transformation all should be included within the scope described in technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a measuring method for water-oil interface, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, by poliarizing antenna to putting into medium to be measured, one of them poliarizing antenna is as emitting antenna, and another poliarizing antenna is as receiving antenna, and the identical and parallel interval of these two poliarizing antenna polarised directions is arranged;
Step 2, poliarizing antenna is vertically moved in medium to be measured, emitting antenna radiation signal in moving process, receiving antenna Received signal strength;
Step 3, record poliarizing antenna are to the Received signal strength amplitude at diverse location place in moving process, the total distance of the right single-way moving of poliarizing antenna is H, poliarizing antenna is l to mobile unit distance once, n represents that poliarizing antenna is to residing position, and the Received signal strength amplitude of n position is Q (n), and poliarizing antenna can record the Received signal strength amplitude at N number of diverse location place to a mobile stroke, N=H/l, n=1 ..., N;
Signal amplitude reference value Q in step 4, Received signal strength amplitude Q (n) calculating each position and crude oil
habsolute value R (n) of difference and Received signal strength amplitude Q (n) and submarine signal amplitude reference value Q
labsolute value X (n) of difference:
R(n)＝|Q(n)-Q
H|，
X(n)＝|Q(n)-Q
L|；
Wherein, Q
hfor signal amplitude reference value in crude oil, Q
lfor submarine signal amplitude reference value;
Step 5, find out R (n) and be less than C
h× Q
htime n value, composition set R, find out X (n) and be less than C
l× Q
ltime n value, composition set X, wherein, C
hfor measuring error parameter in oil, C
lfor measuring error parameter in water;
Step 6, the minimum value R found out in set R
minand the maximal value X in set X
max;
If set R is empty set, be then water layer within the scope of 0 ~ H; If set X is empty set, be then oil reservoir within the scope of 0 ~ H;
Step 7, calculating H1=l × X
max, H2=l × R
min, being water layer within the scope of 0 ~ H1, is oil mixing with water layer within the scope of H1 ~ H2, is oil reservoir within the scope of H2 ~ H.
2. the measuring method of water-oil interface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the band bandwidth of described poliarizing antenna is 2GHz ~ 3GHz.
3. the measuring method of water-oil interface according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described poliarizing antenna is microstrip antenna.
4. the measuring method of the water-oil interface according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: the described poliarizing antenna for launching is arranged in signal emission module, and the described poliarizing antenna for receiving is arranged in signal receiving module;
Described signal emission module comprises sensor outer housing, the surface-mounted integrated circuit be arranged in described sensor outer housing, the signal generating circuit be arranged on described surface-mounted integrated circuit, the coaxial cable connector be arranged on described sensor outer housing, poliarizing antenna to be arranged on surface-mounted integrated circuit and to be connected with described signal generating circuit, described coaxial cable connector is connected with described signal generating circuit, to power to described signal generating circuit;
Described signal receiving module comprises sensor outer housing, the surface-mounted integrated circuit be arranged in described sensor outer housing, the signal receiving circuit be arranged on described surface-mounted integrated circuit, the coaxial cable connector be arranged on described sensor outer housing, poliarizing antenna to be arranged on surface-mounted integrated circuit and to be connected with described signal receiving circuit, described coaxial cable connector is connected with described signal receiving circuit, to power to described signal receiving circuit and outwards to transmit data.
5. the measuring method of water-oil interface according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described poliarizing antenna comprises radiation fin, microstrip feed line and ground lug, described radiation fin is connected with described microstrip feed line and is arranged on the upper surface of surface-mounted integrated circuit, described ground lug is arranged on the lower surface of surface-mounted integrated circuit, described signal generating circuit and signal receiving circuit are connected with described microstrip feed line respectively, described ground lug ground connection.
6. the measuring method of water-oil interface according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described radiation fin is rectangle, the center line of described ground lug and the center line of radiation fin perpendicular.
7. the measuring method of the water-oil interface according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: described radiation fin, microstrip feed line and ground lug are the copper sheet of 0.1 ~ 0.2 millimeters thick, the distance between the poliarizing antenna of described signal emission module and the poliarizing antenna of signal receiving module is 15 centimetres.
8. the measuring method of water-oil interface according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described sensor outer housing is made up of plastic casing and metal shielding, described poliarizing antenna is positioned at plastic casing, and described signal generating circuit and signal receiving circuit lay respectively in metal shielding.
9. the measuring method of water-oil interface according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described signal generating circuit comprises voltage controlled oscillator, voltage regulator circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, matching network circuit and transmitter module power circuit, described transmitter module power circuit is that described voltage controlled oscillator, voltage regulator circuit and ON-OFF control circuit are powered, described voltage controlled oscillator is connected with described voltage regulator circuit, ON-OFF control circuit and matching network respectively, and described matching network circuit is connected with poliarizing antenna.
10. the measuring method of water-oil interface according to claim 3; it is characterized in that: described signal receiving circuit comprises matched filtering circuit, wave detector, amplifying circuit, output protection circuit and receiver module power circuit; described receiver module power circuit is described wave detector, amplifying circuit, output protection circuit are powered; described matched filtering circuit, wave detector, amplifying circuit, output protection circuit are connected successively, and described matched filter network is connected with poliarizing antenna.
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| CN114086944A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-25 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Monitoring method and system for improving monitoring precision of oil-water interface of cased reservoir |
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