CN104748720A - Space angle measuring device and space angle measuring method - Google Patents
Space angle measuring device and space angle measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104748720A CN104748720A CN201510142143.0A CN201510142143A CN104748720A CN 104748720 A CN104748720 A CN 104748720A CN 201510142143 A CN201510142143 A CN 201510142143A CN 104748720 A CN104748720 A CN 104748720A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
Abstract
The invention relates to a space angle measuring device and a space angle measuring method. The space angle measuring device comprises a double-spectrum autocollimator and a deflecting system, wherein the deflecting system comprises a light-splitting optical element and a deflecting lens; the surface of the light-splitting optical element is coated with a light-splitting film and arranged at an emergent light path of the double-spectrum autocollimator; the light-splitting optical element divides emergent light of the double-spectrum autocollimator into transmission light and reflected light, a detected first azimuth prism is arranged at a light path at which the transmission light of the light-splitting optical element is located, and the deflecting lens is arranged at a light path at which the reflected light of the light-splitting optical element is located; and a detected second azimuth prism is arranged at a light path at which reflected light reflected by the deflecting lens is located. The invention provides the space angle measuring device and the space angle measuring method, which can conveniently and quickly carry out simultaneous measurement on two azimuth angles on different planes in a same space.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical test, relate to a kind of angle-measuring equipment based on autocollimator and angle-measuring method, particularly relate to a kind of space angle-measuring equipment based on two spectrum autocollimator and angle-measuring method.
Background technology
In precision measurement field of measuring techniques, autocollimator is a kind of common instrument, and it is mainly used in the measurement carrying out low-angle and angular displacement.It is simple that this instrument has structure, the advantages such as precision is high, and easy to use, reliable, instrument volume is little, installs at the earth mapping, precision optical machinery processing, metering, scientific research, equipment and be widely used in military engineering.Therefore, the development of autocollimator is very fast in recent years, develops into photoelectric mechanical and aims at formula, then develop into photoelectricity digital display type by pure mechano optical type the earliest, and develops into the autocollimator of automatic measurement that ray machine zooming combines together and display.At present, photoelectric auto-collimator is the one relatively commonly used, and because it adopts various photodetector as receiving device, thus measuring accuracy is higher, has certain superiority.But, autocollimator that market occurs great majority can only measure single position angle, cannot realize measuring for two in Different Plane in the same space are azimuthal simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical matters existed in background technology, the invention provides a kind of space angle-measuring equipment that can simultaneously measure the position angle of two in Different Plane in the same space easily and quickly and angle-measuring method.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of space angle-measuring equipment, its special character is: comprise two spectrum autocollimator and system of turning back; The described system of turning back comprises Dichroic Optical Elements and eyeglass of turning back; Dichroic Optical Elements surface scribbles spectro-film and is arranged on the emitting light path of two spectrum autocollimator; The emergent light of two spectrum autocollimator is divided into transmitted light and reflected light by Dichroic Optical Elements, and tested first orientation prism is arranged in the transmitted light place light path of Dichroic Optical Elements, and eyeglass of turning back is arranged in the reflected light place light path of Dichroic Optical Elements; Tested second orientation prism is arranged in the reflected light place light path after lens reflecting of turning back.
The data handling system that above-mentioned pair of spectrum autocollimator comprises luminous source system, autocollimation sharing system, flashlight receiving system and be connected with flashlight receiving system; The secondary light source that luminous source system comprises the first light source that wavelength of transmitted light is λ 1, wavelength of transmitted light is λ 2, light source control switching circuit and surface scribble the first Amici prism of spectro-film; Light source control switching circuit is connected with the first light source and secondary light source respectively; The light exit direction of the first light source is vertical with the light exit direction of secondary light source; First Amici prism is arranged on the emitting light path of the first light source and secondary light source; On the emitting light path that autocollimation sharing system is arranged on the first Amici prism and with flashlight disposal system common optical axis; Dichroic Optical Elements is arranged on the emitting light path of autocollimation sharing system; Through the spectro-film process on the first Amici prism surface, wavelength is that the light of λ 1 is propagated after the first Amici prism reflection in the same direction through the light that the first Amici prism transmission and wavelength are λ 2, then be incident to autocollimation sharing system, the autocollimator beam obtained through the process of autocollimation sharing system is incident to Dichroic Optical Elements.
Above-mentioned autocollimation sharing system comprises the second Amici prism that the first telephotolens, the second telephotolens, focusing object lens and surface scribble spectro-film; Described second Amici prism is arranged on the emitting light path of the first Amici prism; The axle center of described second telephotolens, the first telephotolens, focusing object lens, the second Amici prism and flashlight receiving system is arranged in order on the same line; Described Dichroic Optical Elements is arranged on the emitting light path of the second telephotolens.
Above-mentioned flashlight receiving system comprises and is successively set on receiving objective in the second Amici prism transmitted light place light path and ccd array; Ccd array is connected with data handling system.
Above-mentioned eyeglass and the Dichroic Optical Elements of turning back be arranged in parallel; Or, described in turn back eyeglass and Dichroic Optical Elements with the straight line being parallel to the second telephotolens emitting light path for axis of symmetry becomes rotational symmetry to arrange.
Above-mentioned Dichroic Optical Elements tilts 45 ° to arrange relative to the emitting light path of the second telephotolens.
Above-mentioned Dichroic Optical Elements is integral type structure with eyeglass of turning back; Or described Dichroic Optical Elements is split-type structural with eyeglass of turning back.
Above-mentioned Dichroic Optical Elements is parallel flat; Described eyeglass of turning back is plane mirror.
Realize the angle-measuring method simultaneously measured at two position angles based on space as above angle-measuring equipment, its special character is: described angle-measuring method comprises the following steps:
1) the first light source is lighted by light source control switching circuit, make it send light beam that wavelength is λ 1; Wavelength is that the light beam of λ 1 becomes the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 1 after the process of autocollimation sharing system;
2) step 1) in autocollimator beam be incident to the system of turning back, the spectro-film on Dichroic Optical Elements surface makes wavelength be that the autocollimator beam of λ 1 is incident to tested first orientation prism after Dichroic Optical Elements transmission;
3) light beam that the wavelength carrying its azimuth information is λ 1 is back to autocollimation sharing system by former road by tested first orientation prism, the spectro-film on the second Amici prism surface makes the wavelength returned be that the light beam of λ 1 is incident to receiving objective and ccd array successively after the second Amici prism transmission, obtains the azimuth information of tested first orientation prism; The azimuth information of tested first orientation prism is transferred to data handling system by ccd array;
4) secondary light source is lighted by light source control switching circuit, make it send light beam that wavelength is λ 2; The mistiming scope being lighted the first light source and secondary light source by light source control switching circuit is Millisecond; Wavelength is that the light beam of λ 2 becomes the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 2 after the process of autocollimation sharing system;
5) step 4) in autocollimator beam be incident to the system of turning back, the spectro-film on Dichroic Optical Elements surface makes wavelength be that the autocollimator beam of λ 2 is incident to eyeglass of turning back after Dichroic Optical Elements reflection, is incident to tested second orientation prism after lens reflecting of turning back;
6) light beam that the wavelength carrying its azimuth information is λ 2 is back to autocollimation sharing system by former road by tested second orientation prism, the spectro-film on the second Amici prism surface makes the wavelength returned be that the light beam of λ 2 is incident to receiving objective and ccd array successively after the second Amici prism transmission, obtains the azimuth information of tested second orientation prism; The azimuth information of tested second orientation prism is transferred to data handling system by ccd array;
7) data handling system processes the azimuth information of tested first orientation prism and second orientation prism respectively, obtains the azimuth angle alpha of tested first orientation prism
1and the azimuth angle alpha of second orientation prism
2.
Above-mentioned steps 1) specific implementation be:
1.1) wavelength be the light beam of λ 1 from the first light source incidence to the first Amici prism, the spectro-film on the first Amici prism surface makes wavelength be that the light beam of λ 1 is incident to the second Amici prism after the first Amici prism transmission;
1.2) spectro-film on the second Amici prism surface makes wavelength be incident to focusing object lens after the beam reflection of λ 1, successively through the first telephotolens and the second telephotolens after the refraction of focusing object lens, complete achromatism process, obtain the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 1;
Described step 4) specific implementation be:
4.1) wavelength is that the light beam of λ 2 is incident to the first Amici prism from secondary light source, and the spectro-film on the first Amici prism surface makes wavelength be that the light beam of λ 2 is incident to the second Amici prism after the first Amici prism reflection;
4.2) spectro-film on the second Amici prism surface makes wavelength be incident to focusing object lens after the beam reflection of λ 2, successively through the first telephotolens and the second telephotolens after the refraction of focusing object lens, complete achromatism process, obtain the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 2.
The invention provides a kind of space angle-measuring equipment and angle-measuring method, it has the following advantages:
1, the light beam of two kinds of different wave lengths is provided by two spectrum autocollimator, be there is transmittance and reflectance respectively by the Dichroic Optical Elements (inclined-plane is coated with spectro-film) of system of turning back in the light beam of two kinds of different wave lengths, wherein, the transmitted light after Dichroic Optical Elements transmission is incident to tested first orientation prism; Reflected light after Dichroic Optical Elements reflection is incident to eyeglass of turning back, and is incident to tested second orientation prism after the reflection of eyeglass of turning back.Thus, the present invention can measure the position angle of two in Different Plane in the same space easily and quickly simultaneously.
2, the system of turning back in this space angle-measuring equipment is also a bright spot of the present invention, Dichroic Optical Elements and eyeglass of turning back combine by cleverly, the light beam that in two spectrum autocollimator, Different Light is launched can be propagated along different paths after entering this system, thus realize measuring two different orientations.
3, because this space angle-measuring equipment can the different position angle of one-shot measurement two, only need once adjust whole device before test; And traditional angle-measuring equipment once can only measure a position angle, when needing to measure different position angles, needing to re-start adjustment to whole device, easily introducing measuring error, and complex operation; Therefore, utilize space provided by the invention angle-measuring equipment to survey data more reliable than using data measured by traditional angle-measuring equipment.
4, this space angle-measuring equipment structure is simple, and easy to operate, cost is lower, can carry out switching and control, thus can realize the high-acruracy survey of two azimuth informations easily and quickly by two light sources of light source control switching circuit to two spectrum autocollimator inside.In addition, the switching time being controlled two light sources by light source control switching circuit is Millisecond, is similar to angle measurement simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a is the Cleaning Principle figure (catoptron is vertical with the primary optical axis of autocollimator) of CCD autocollimator;
Fig. 1 b is the Cleaning Principle figure (catoptron is around autocollimator primary optical axis rotation alpha angle) of CCD autocollimator;
Fig. 2 is the optical system sketch of provided by the invention pair of spectrum autocollimator;
Fig. 3 is the sketch of luminous source system in two spectrum autocollimator;
Fig. 4 a is the structural representation of an embodiment of system of turning back in the present invention;
Fig. 4 b is the structural representation of another embodiment of system of turning back in the present invention;
Fig. 4 c is the structural representation of the another embodiment of system of turning back in the present invention;
Fig. 4 d is the structural representation of an embodiment again of system of turning back in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of space provided by the invention angle-measuring equipment;
Wherein:
The two spectrum autocollimator of 1-; 110-luminous source system; 111-first light source; 112-secondary light source; 113-first Amici prism; 120-autocollimation sharing system; 121-first telephotolens; 122-second telephotolens; 123-focuses object lens; 124-second Amici prism; 130-flashlight receiving system; 131-receiving objective; 132-CCD array; 2-turns back system; 210-Dichroic Optical Elements; 220-turns back eyeglass; 3-first orientation prism; 4-second orientation prism.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b is the Cleaning Principle figure of CCD autocollimator, the light that CCD autocollimator prime focus place light source O sends forms a branch of directional light after object lens refraction, if catoptron is vertical with the primary optical axis of CCD autocollimator, (see Fig. 1 a), then the former road of autocollimator beam returns; When catoptron is around autocollimator primary optical axis rotation alpha angle (see Fig. 1 b), its folded light beam is just to become the angle of 2 α to return with incident beam.Due to varying in size of α angle, then diverse location on CCD can produce image, the displacement between the position O ' of now image and the picture position O before rotating, CCD obtained is set to x, then according to trigonometric function principle:
x＝f tan2α
Generally, α angle is very little, above-mentioned relationship can be approximately: x ≈ 2f α.Thus α ≈ x/2f=na/2f, in formula, a is the size of CCD pixel, and n is the pixel number that deviation covers, and f is the focal length of CCD autocollimator.Therefore the deflection angle α of tested catoptron can be obtained by the change of CCD measurement image.
The present invention provides a kind of space angle-measuring equipment based on two spectrum autocollimator design according to above-mentioned CCD autocollimator Cleaning Principle just.
As shown in Figure 5, space provided by the invention angle-measuring equipment, it comprises two spectrum autocollimator 1 and system 2 of turning back; System of turning back 2 comprises Dichroic Optical Elements 210 and eyeglass 220 of turning back; Dichroic Optical Elements 210 surface scribbles spectro-film and is arranged on the emitting light path of two spectrum autocollimator 1; The emergent light of two spectrum autocollimator 1 is divided into transmitted light and reflected light by Dichroic Optical Elements 210, tested first orientation prism 3 is arranged in the transmitted light place light path of Dichroic Optical Elements 210, and eyeglass 220 of turning back is arranged in the reflected light place light path of Dichroic Optical Elements 210; Tested second orientation prism 4 is arranged in the reflected light place light path after eyeglass 220 of turning back reflects.
In the present invention, two spectrum autocollimator 1 measures the position angle of tested first orientation prism 3 and second orientation prism 4 respectively by two kinds of different wavelengths of light, set and be respectively from two kinds of different wavelengths of light of two spectrum autocollimator 1 outgoing the light that light that wavelength is λ 1 and wavelength are λ 2, be there is transmittance and reflectance by Dichroic Optical Elements 210 in these two kinds of different wavelengths of light, wavelength is that the light of λ 1 is incident to tested first orientation prism 3 after Dichroic Optical Elements 210 transmission respectively; Wavelength is that the light of λ 2 is incident to eyeglass 220 of turning back after Dichroic Optical Elements 210 reflects, and then after eyeglass 220 of turning back reflects, is incident to tested second orientation prism 4.
In the present invention, the eyeglass 220 of turning back can be arranged in parallel (as shown in fig. 4 a) with Dichroic Optical Elements 210, also can with Dichroic Optical Elements 210 with the straight line being parallel to two spectrum autocollimator 1 emitting light path for axis of symmetry becomes rotational symmetry to arrange (as shown in Figure 4 b).
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, provided by the invention pair of spectrum autocollimator 1 data handling system that comprises luminous source system 110, autocollimation sharing system 120, flashlight receiving system 130 and be connected with flashlight receiving system; The secondary light source 112 that luminous source system 110 comprises the first light source 111 that wavelength of transmitted light is λ 1, wavelength of transmitted light is λ 2, light source control switching circuit and surface scribble the first Amici prism 113 of spectro-film; Light source control switching circuit is connected with the first light source 111 and secondary light source 112 respectively; First light source 111 and secondary light source 112 are all positioned at the prime focus place of two spectrum autocollimator; The light exit direction of the first light source 111 is vertical with the light exit direction of secondary light source 112; First Amici prism 113 is arranged on the emitting light path of the first light source and secondary light source; On the emitting light path that autocollimation sharing system 120 is arranged on the first Amici prism 113 and with flashlight disposal system 130 common optical axis; Dichroic Optical Elements 210 is arranged on the emitting light path of autocollimation sharing system 120.
Through the spectro-film process on the first Amici prism 113 surface, wavelength is that the light of λ 1 is propagated after the first Amici prism reflection in the same direction through the light that the first Amici prism transmission and wavelength are λ 2, then autocollimation sharing system 120 is incident to, the autocollimator beam obtained through the process of autocollimation sharing system is incident to Dichroic Optical Elements 210, wavelength is that the light of λ 1 is incident to tested first orientation prism 3 after Dichroic Optical Elements transmission, wavelength is that the light of λ 2 is incident to tested second orientation prism 4 successively after Dichroic Optical Elements 210 and eyeglass 220 of turning back reflect, the light of wavelength to be the light of λ 1 and wavelength be λ 2 returns autocollimation sharing system 120 respectively after tested first orientation prism 3 and second orientation prism 4 reflect, flashlight receiving system 130 is incident to after autocollimation sharing system 120 transmission.In order to improve the precision of angle measurement, what this space angle-measuring equipment adopted is timesharing angle measurement mode, is controlled the switching of two light sources by light source control switching circuit, because its switching time is Millisecond, is similar to angle measurement simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, in two spectrum autocollimator 1, autocollimation sharing system 120 comprises the second Amici prism 124 that the first telephotolens 121, second telephotolens 122, focusing object lens 123 and surface scribble spectro-film; Second Amici prism 124 is arranged on the emitting light path of the first Amici prism 113; The axle center of the second telephotolens 122, first telephotolens 121, focusing object lens 123, second Amici prism 124 and flashlight receiving system 130 is arranged in order on the same line; Dichroic Optical Elements 210 is arranged on the emitting light path of the second telephotolens 122; The eyeglass 220 of turning back can be arranged in parallel with Dichroic Optical Elements 210, also can with Dichroic Optical Elements 210 with the straight line being parallel to the second telephotolens 122 emitting light path for axis of symmetry becomes rotational symmetry to arrange.
As shown in Figure 2, in two spectrum autocollimator 1, flashlight receiving system 130 comprises and is successively set on receiving objective 131 in the second Amici prism 124 transmitted light place light path and ccd array 132; Ccd array 132 is connected with data handling system.The light of wavelength to be the light of λ 1 and wavelength be λ 2 is incident to the second Amici prism 124 by the first Amici prism 113, enter focusing object lens 123, first telephotolens 121, second telephotolens 122 and Dichroic Optical Elements 210 after reflection successively, after the transmittance and reflectance of the system of turning back, be incident to tested first orientation prism 3 and second orientation prism 4 respectively, then return the second Amici prism 124 in the opposite direction respectively, after the second Amici prism transmission, be incident to receiving objective 131 and ccd array 132 successively.Wherein, the effect of focusing object lens 123 is the focal lengths regulating two spectrum autocollimator, makes it control in certain scope, avoids causing the volume of two spectrum autocollimator to become large because focal length is excessive.
More preferably, Dichroic Optical Elements 210 tilts 45 ° to arrange relative to the emitting light path of the second telephotolens 122, then after Dichroic Optical Elements reflection, some light beam is turned back, its angle of turning back is 90 °, now, turn back in system of the turning back position of eyeglass is easy to be determined, and the packaging technology of this space angle-measuring equipment requires relatively simple, Stability Analysis of Structures.
Dichroic Optical Elements 210 in the present invention can be split-type structural (as shown in figures 4 a and 4b) with eyeglass 220 of turning back, and also can be integral type structure (as shown in Fig. 4 c and Fig. 4 d).When both are integral type structure, the system of turning back formed due to Dichroic Optical Elements and eyeglass of turning back is an entirety, its stability is better, only need to add outer frame body to this Integrated lens, then be connected with the casing of two spectrum autocollimator, the relative position of the two fixed, and then makes the Stability Analysis of Structures of whole space angle-measuring equipment, but this method for designing compares consume material, and processing technology is more complicated relatively also; And, when lens design must larger time, easily damage.Therefore, general just adopts this kind of scheme when short distance high-acruracy survey.
Particularly, in the present invention, the Dichroic Optical Elements 210 of system of turning back can select parallel flat; Eyeglass 220 of turning back can select plane mirror.Simultaneously this combination can realize beam splitting and simple, the most most economical selected on the basis of function of turning back a kind of array mode.
For the different orientations with certain relation, this space angle-measuring equipment is by calculating in esse relation between two position angles, by measured actual value compared with theoretical value, draw error existing between actual value and theoretical value, then can analyze this angle and correct.Specific implementation process is, use this space angle-measuring equipment azimuthal to measure, measured result is received by ccd array and is sent to data handling system, then by the process of software simulating to data, calculates measured azimuthal angle value.
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of above-mentioned space angle-measuring equipment that utilizes and realize the angle-measuring method simultaneously measured at two position angles, it comprises the following steps:
1) the first light source 111 is lighted by light source control switching circuit, make it send light beam that wavelength is λ 1; Wavelength is that the light beam of λ 1 becomes the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 1 after autocollimation sharing system 120 processes;
1.1) wavelength is that the light beam of λ 1 makes wavelength be that the light beam of λ 1 is incident to the second Amici prism 124 after the first Amici prism transmission from the spectro-film that the first light source 111 is incident to the first Amici prism 113, first Amici prism 113 surface;
1.2) spectro-film on the second Amici prism 124 surface makes wavelength be incident to focusing object lens 123 after the beam reflection of λ 1, successively through the first telephotolens 121 and the second telephotolens 122 after the refraction of focusing object lens, complete achromatism process, obtain the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 1;
2) step 1) in autocollimator beam be incident to the system of turning back 2, the spectro-film on Dichroic Optical Elements 210 surface makes wavelength be that the autocollimator beam of λ 1 is incident to tested first orientation prism 3 after Dichroic Optical Elements transmission;
3) light beam that the wavelength carrying its azimuth information is λ 1 is back to autocollimation sharing system 120 by former road by tested first orientation prism 3, the spectro-film on the second Amici prism surface 124 makes the wavelength returned be that the light beam of λ 1 is incident to receiving objective 131 and ccd array 132 successively after the second Amici prism transmission, obtains the azimuth information of tested first orientation prism 3; The azimuth information of tested first orientation prism is transferred to data handling system by ccd array;
4) secondary light source 112 is lighted by light source control switching circuit, make it send light beam that wavelength is λ 2; The mistiming scope being lighted the first light source 111 and secondary light source 112 by light source control switching circuit is Millisecond; Wavelength is that the light beam of λ 2 becomes the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 2 after autocollimation sharing system 120 processes;
4.1) wavelength is that the light beam of λ 2 makes wavelength be that the light beam of λ 2 is incident to the second Amici prism 124 after the first Amici prism reflection from the spectro-film that secondary light source 112 is incident to the first Amici prism 113, first light splitting rib 113 mirror surface;
4.2) spectro-film on the second Amici prism 124 surface makes wavelength be incident to focusing object lens 123 after the beam reflection of λ 2, successively through the first telephotolens 121 and the second telephotolens 122 after the refraction of focusing object lens, complete achromatism process, obtain the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 2;
5) step 4) in autocollimator beam be incident to the system of turning back 2, the spectro-film on Dichroic Optical Elements 210 surface makes wavelength be that the autocollimator beam of λ 2 is incident to eyeglass 220 of turning back after Dichroic Optical Elements reflection, is incident to tested second orientation prism 4 after lens reflecting of turning back;
6) light beam that the wavelength carrying its azimuth information is λ 2 is back to autocollimation sharing system 120 by former road by tested second orientation prism 4, the spectro-film on the second Amici prism 124 surface makes the wavelength returned be that the light beam of λ 2 is incident to receiving objective 131 and ccd array 132 successively after the second Amici prism transmission, obtains the azimuth information of tested second orientation prism 4; The azimuth information of tested second orientation prism is transferred to data handling system by ccd array;
7) data handling system processes the azimuth information of tested first orientation prism 3 and second orientation prism 4 respectively, obtains the azimuth angle alpha of tested first orientation prism
1and the azimuth angle alpha of second orientation prism
2.
Carry out analyzing and processing by data handling system to obtained two azimuth informations, this data handling system mainly uses existing simple algorithm routine to process the information obtained by ccd array, calculates the relation between two position angles.Because the position angle of first orientation prism and second orientation prism is respectively α
1, α
2, therefore Δ α=α can be obtained
1-α
2, namely achieve two azimuthal transmission in Different Plane in the same space.
When two azimuth prisms are positioned on same vertical plane, also can realize azimuthal vertical transmission, it is synchronous that the method can make the equipment of two the mechanical connections be up and down positioned on different level realize level orientation, as spacecraft launching site etc.
Claims (10)
1. a space angle-measuring equipment, is characterized in that: comprise two spectrum autocollimator and system of turning back; The described system of turning back comprises Dichroic Optical Elements and eyeglass of turning back; Dichroic Optical Elements surface scribbles spectro-film and is arranged on the emitting light path of two spectrum autocollimator; The emergent light of two spectrum autocollimator is divided into transmitted light and reflected light by Dichroic Optical Elements, and tested first orientation prism is arranged in the transmitted light place light path of Dichroic Optical Elements, and eyeglass of turning back is arranged in the reflected light place light path of Dichroic Optical Elements; Tested second orientation prism is arranged in the reflected light place light path after lens reflecting of turning back.
2. space according to claim 1 angle-measuring equipment, is characterized in that: the data handling system that described pair of spectrum autocollimator comprises luminous source system, autocollimation sharing system, flashlight receiving system and be connected with flashlight receiving system; The secondary light source that luminous source system comprises the first light source that wavelength of transmitted light is λ 1, wavelength of transmitted light is λ 2, light source control switching circuit and surface scribble the first Amici prism of spectro-film; Light source control switching circuit is connected with the first light source and secondary light source respectively; The light exit direction of the first light source is vertical with the light exit direction of secondary light source; First Amici prism is arranged on the emitting light path of the first light source and secondary light source; On the emitting light path that autocollimation sharing system is arranged on the first Amici prism and with flashlight disposal system common optical axis; Dichroic Optical Elements is arranged on the emitting light path of autocollimation sharing system; Through the spectro-film process on the first Amici prism surface, wavelength is that the light of λ 1 is propagated after the first Amici prism reflection in the same direction through the light that the first Amici prism transmission and wavelength are λ 2, then be incident to autocollimation sharing system, the autocollimator beam obtained through the process of autocollimation sharing system is incident to Dichroic Optical Elements.
3. space according to claim 2 angle-measuring equipment, is characterized in that: described autocollimation sharing system comprises the second Amici prism that the first telephotolens, the second telephotolens, focusing object lens and surface scribble spectro-film; Described second Amici prism is arranged on the emitting light path of the first Amici prism; The axle center of described second telephotolens, the first telephotolens, focusing object lens, the second Amici prism and flashlight receiving system is arranged in order on the same line; Described Dichroic Optical Elements is arranged on the emitting light path of the second telephotolens.
4. space according to claim 3 angle-measuring equipment, is characterized in that: described flashlight receiving system comprises and is successively set on receiving objective in the second Amici prism transmitted light place light path and ccd array; Ccd array is connected with data handling system.
5. space according to claim 4 angle-measuring equipment, is characterized in that: described in turn back eyeglass and Dichroic Optical Elements be arranged in parallel; Or, described in turn back eyeglass and Dichroic Optical Elements with the straight line being parallel to the second telephotolens emitting light path for axis of symmetry becomes rotational symmetry to arrange.
6. space according to claim 5 angle-measuring equipment, is characterized in that: described Dichroic Optical Elements tilts 45 ° to arrange relative to the emitting light path of the second telephotolens.
7. space according to claim 6 angle-measuring equipment, is characterized in that: described Dichroic Optical Elements is integral type structure with eyeglass of turning back; Or described Dichroic Optical Elements is split-type structural with eyeglass of turning back.
8. space according to claim 7 angle-measuring equipment, is characterized in that: described Dichroic Optical Elements is parallel flat; Described eyeglass of turning back is plane mirror.
9. realize the angle-measuring method simultaneously measured at two position angles based on space as claimed in claim 8 angle-measuring equipment, it is characterized in that: described angle-measuring method comprises the following steps:
1) the first light source is lighted by light source control switching circuit, make it send light beam that wavelength is λ 1; Wavelength is that the light beam of λ 1 becomes the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 1 after the process of autocollimation sharing system;
2) step 1) in autocollimator beam be incident to the system of turning back, the spectro-film on Dichroic Optical Elements surface makes wavelength be that the autocollimator beam of λ 1 is incident to tested first orientation prism after Dichroic Optical Elements transmission;
3) light beam that the wavelength carrying its azimuth information is λ 1 is back to autocollimation sharing system by former road by tested first orientation prism, the spectro-film on the second Amici prism surface makes the wavelength returned be that the light beam of λ 1 is incident to receiving objective and ccd array successively after the second Amici prism transmission, obtains the azimuth information of tested first orientation prism; The azimuth information of tested first orientation prism is transferred to data handling system by ccd array;
4) secondary light source is lighted by light source control switching circuit, make it send light beam that wavelength is λ 2; The mistiming scope being lighted the first light source and secondary light source by light source control switching circuit is Millisecond; Wavelength is that the light beam of λ 2 becomes the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 2 after the process of autocollimation sharing system;
5) step 4) in autocollimator beam be incident to the system of turning back, the spectro-film on Dichroic Optical Elements surface makes wavelength be that the autocollimator beam of λ 2 is incident to eyeglass of turning back after Dichroic Optical Elements reflection, is incident to tested second orientation prism after lens reflecting of turning back;
6) light beam that the wavelength carrying its azimuth information is λ 2 is back to autocollimation sharing system by former road by tested second orientation prism, the spectro-film on the second Amici prism surface makes the wavelength returned be that the light beam of λ 2 is incident to receiving objective and ccd array successively after the second Amici prism transmission, obtains the azimuth information of tested second orientation prism; The azimuth information of tested second orientation prism is transferred to data handling system by ccd array;
7) data handling system processes the azimuth information of tested first orientation prism and second orientation prism respectively, obtains the azimuth angle alpha of tested first orientation prism
1and the azimuth angle alpha of second orientation prism
2.
10. angle-measuring method according to claim 9, is characterized in that:
Described step 1) specific implementation be:
1.1) wavelength be the light beam of λ 1 from the first light source incidence to the first Amici prism, the spectro-film on the first Amici prism surface makes wavelength be that the light beam of λ 1 is incident to the second Amici prism after the first Amici prism transmission;
1.2) spectro-film on the second Amici prism surface makes wavelength be incident to focusing object lens after the beam reflection of λ 1, successively through the first telephotolens and the second telephotolens after the refraction of focusing object lens, complete achromatism process, obtain the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 1;
Described step 4) specific implementation be:
4.1) wavelength is that the light beam of λ 2 is incident to the first Amici prism from secondary light source, and the spectro-film on the first Amici prism surface makes wavelength be that the light beam of λ 2 is incident to the second Amici prism after the first Amici prism reflection;
4.2) spectro-film on the second Amici prism surface makes wavelength be incident to focusing object lens after the beam reflection of λ 2, successively through the first telephotolens and the second telephotolens after the refraction of focusing object lens, complete achromatism process, obtain the autocollimator beam that wavelength is λ 2.
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| CN111076699B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-12-25 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Different-surface space angle measuring device and method for photoelectric detection equipment |
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