CN104730224A - Experimental device and method for influence of coal mining on overland runoff under valley terrain - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for influence of coal mining on overland runoff under valley terrain Download PDFInfo
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- CN104730224A CN104730224A CN201510189794.5A CN201510189794A CN104730224A CN 104730224 A CN104730224 A CN 104730224A CN 201510189794 A CN201510189794 A CN 201510189794A CN 104730224 A CN104730224 A CN 104730224A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and method for influence of coal mining on overland runoff under valley terrain. The experimental device comprises a simulation case, a simulation coal layer, a simulation rock layer, an underwater aquifer bag and surface loose layer provided with the valley terrain are sequentially paved from the bottom of the simulation case, a water level pipe and a float-type level meter are arranged on the underwater aquifer bag, changing situations of water tables of two valleys are recorded through the water level meter with mining subsidence, and influence of coal mining on the water tables and the surface runoff under the valley terrain are directly reflected. The experimental device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, visual in phenomenon and capable of meeting simulation requirements under different mining geological conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provision and method, under especially a kind of land in gully, coal mining is to the experimental provision of earth's surface runoff influence and method.
Background technology
China's mine of western ubiquity the topography and landform character of valley terrain, and cover as being located in Shan the infrared ray light shine had a common boundary, coal seam is nearly horizontal shallow buried coal seam, and earth's surface affects in typical land in gully by coombe, it is characterized in that raceway groove is intensive, breaking topography.Cheuch Nei Changchangyin exposure of diving under water forms spring territory, river, is the natural water head site in North Shaanxi, has great importance for the regional ecologic environment of maintenance.In recent years, along with coal resources in China exploitation is progressively westwards shifted, large-scale coal mining causes underground water table generally to decline, and in part cheuch, spring flux reduces, even dry, and then has influence on surface environment.
About adopting under land in gully, cranny development rule aspect is mainly concentrated on to the research of Southeast Tibetan Plateau at present, and it is also considerably less on the research of the impact of water resource for mining subsidence under land in gully, under but the condition of table water aquifer is not linked up in crack, mining subsidence is dive water mitigation over the ground, whether mining subsidence can change phreatic table, and then affect the rainwash form of expression, Subsidence law whether can be utilized to improve the surface water resources situation of this area, and then these problems of improving the ecological environment all need to study further and solve.Along with the large-scale development in western coalfield, the situation of exploiting under land in gully can get more and more, and is badly in need of experimental technique and the device of the above-mentioned geographical environment of a kind of effective simulation.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: for the weak point of above-mentioned technology, provide that a kind of structure is simple, easy to operate, under the land in gully of visual phenomenon coal mining to the experimental provision of earth's surface runoff influence and method.
Technical scheme: for realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, under land in gully of the present invention, coal mining is to the experimental provision of earth's surface runoff influence, it comprises the dismountable simulation box of both sides, front and back panel, simulation coal seam is equipped with bottom simulation box, simulation rock stratum is provided with above simulation coal seam, be provided with table water aquifer bag table water aquifer bag top above simulation rock stratum and lay land in gully earth's surface unconsolidated formation, the unconsolidated formation left and right sides, earth's surface is respectively equipped with typical cheuch, wherein the lowest point of the typical cheuch the lowest point cheuch more typical in opposite side of side is shallow, the lowest point of two typical cheuches is equipped with the water level pipe communicated with water-bearing zone bag, water level pipe is provided with float type level meter,
Described table water aquifer bag is that rubber water bag is formed, and be provided with simulation water-bearing zone support frame in rubber water bag and fill up the stone of water bag, described stone diameter is 0.5cm, and direct clearance to the water level that in rubber water bag, water filling is full of stone rises in water level pipe;
Described simulation coal seam is made up of sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum, and wherein sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum quality press analog simulation proportioning number 773 proportionings, and add the painted simulation coal seam of coal dust; Pressed analog simulation proportioning number 573 proportionings simulated soft formation by sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum quality, pressed proportioning number 337 proportionings simulated hard formation by sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum quality.
Described left side typical case's cheuch is more shallow than the typical cheuch in right side, and the water level in the water level pipe of left side typical case's cheuch is lower than the lowest point absolute altitude 2cm of left side cheuch, and the water level in the water level pipe of right side typical case's cheuch is higher than the lowest point absolute altitude 3cm of right side cheuch.
Under land in gully, coal mining is to an experimental technique for earth's surface runoff influence, and its step is as follows:
A. lay bottom simulation box and utilize by sand, calcium carbonate, the simulation coal seam of gypsum and coal dust mixing, and lay on simulation coal seam by mixing sand, the table water aquifer bag being filled with stone in simulation rock stratum in the top placement of simulation rock stratum of calcium carbonate and gypsum mixing, the simulation earth's surface unconsolidated formation be made up of soil is laid on table water aquifer bag top, upper left the parting on the right side of simulation earth's surface unconsolidated formation is not equipped with typical cheuch, wherein the typical cheuch in left side is more shallow than the typical cheuch in right side, left and right cheuch discrepancy in elevation 5cm, and on the top of table water aquifer bag, the ditch bottom of two typical cheuches of simulation earth's surface unconsolidated formation arranges two water level pipes be communicated with table water aquifer bag for simulating typical cheuch place rainwash water level,
B. in two water level pipes, float type level meter is installed, water filling in table water aquifer bag, until the water level of water level pipe by float type level meter display exceed right side cheuch the lowest point 3cm and lower than the lowest point absolute altitude 2cm of left side cheuch, really spring can be formed because diving flows out gully karness table, runoff is formed from high to low along cheuch, now right side typical cheuch water level pipe in exceed the runoff that cheuch earth's surface water level represents actual spring, and left side typical case cheuch water level pipe in water level because of ditch depth more shallow not exposure phreatic table;
C. measure the absolute altitude change of two typical cheuches, phreatic table change and diving exposure both sides cheuch every data and be recorded as primary data;
D. the front and back panel of simulation box is dismantled, border coal column is not stayed to mine to simulation coal seam from left to right, along with exploitation, collapsing downwards in the simulation rock stratum of above goaf, thus makes table water aquifer bag move down the flowing of simulated groundwater, causes water level decreasing, collapse district left side typical case cheuch be out of shape downwards, cause the water level decreasing that table water aquifer bag mould is intended, left side typical case's cheuch because depression is comparatively large, causes water level exposure while distortion;
E. the float type level meter reading in two water level pipes is gathered, measure the absolute altitude change of two typical cheuches, phreatic table change and diving exposure both sides cheuch situation data simultaneously, by the every Data Comparison with original state, thus under effectively sunykatuib analysis goes out land in gully coal mining to earth's surface runoff influence.
Beneficial effect: the side cheuch that earth's surface unconsolidated formation is arranged affects by mining subsidence, opposite side does not affect by it, by contrast both sides SEA LEVEL VARIATION and water level exposure cheuch situation, under reflecting land in gully intuitively, coal mining is on the impact of rainwash, adopt earth's surface and coal seam analog material to simulate coal rock layer, simulate effect is good;
Use float type level meter to record the situation of change of phreatic table along with mining subsidence of two cheuches, the time-space relationship of SEA LEVEL VARIATION and seam mining can be investigated;
The impact of simulation mining depression on land in gully phreatic table and rainwash relation comprises mining thickness, bedrock thickness, workplace size etc., the simulation needs of different mining condition can be met by parameters, and explore the difference of different factors of geology and mining to phreatic table and rainwash variable effect, for practical application provides reference frame.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1-simulation box; 2-table water aquifer bag; 3-float type level meter; 4-water level pipe; 5-simulates earth's surface unconsolidated formation; 6-simulates rock stratum; 7-simulates coal seam.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, under land in gully of the present invention, coal mining is to the experimental provision of earth's surface runoff influence, it comprises the dismountable simulation box 1 of both sides, front and back panel, simulation coal seam 7 is equipped with bottom simulation box 1, simulation rock stratum 6 is provided with above simulation coal seam, be provided with table water aquifer bag 2 table water aquifer bag 2 top above simulation rock stratum 6 and lay land in gully earth's surface unconsolidated formation 5, earth's surface unconsolidated formation 5 left and right sides is respectively equipped with typical cheuch, wherein the lowest point of the typical cheuch the lowest point cheuch more typical in opposite side of side is shallow, the lowest point of two typical cheuches is equipped with the water level pipe 4 communicated with water-bearing zone bag 2, water level pipe 4 is provided with float type level meter 3,
Described table water aquifer bag 2 is that rubber water bag is formed, and be provided with simulation water-bearing zone support frame in rubber water bag and fill up the stone of water bag, described stone diameter is 0.5cm, and direct clearance to the water level that in rubber water bag, water filling is full of stone rises in water level pipe 4;
Described simulation coal seam 7 is made up of sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum, and wherein sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum quality press analog simulation proportioning number 773 proportionings, and add the painted simulation coal seam of coal dust; Pressed analog simulation proportioning number 573 proportionings simulated soft formation by sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum quality, pressed proportioning number 337 proportionings simulated hard formation by sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum quality.
Described left side typical case's cheuch is more shallow than the typical cheuch in right side, and the water level in the water level pipe 4 of left side typical case's cheuch is lower than the lowest point absolute altitude 2cm of left side cheuch, and the water level in the water level pipe 4 of right side typical case's cheuch is higher than the lowest point absolute altitude 3cm of right side cheuch.
Under land in gully, coal mining is to an experimental technique for earth's surface runoff influence, and its step is as follows:
A. lay bottom simulation box 1 and utilize by sand, calcium carbonate, the simulation coal seam 7 of gypsum and coal dust mixing, and lay on simulation coal seam 7 by mixing sand, the table water aquifer bag 2 being filled with stone in simulation rock stratum 6 in the top placement of simulation rock stratum 6 of calcium carbonate and gypsum mixing, the simulation earth's surface unconsolidated formation 5 be made up of soil is laid on table water aquifer bag 2 top, upper left the parting on the right side of simulation earth's surface unconsolidated formation 5 is not equipped with typical cheuch, wherein the typical cheuch in left side is more shallow than the typical cheuch in right side, left and right cheuch discrepancy in elevation 5cm, and on the top of table water aquifer bag 2, the ditch bottom of two typical cheuches of simulation earth's surface unconsolidated formation 5 arranges two water level pipes 4 be communicated with table water aquifer bag 2 for simulating typical cheuch place rainwash water level,
B. in two water level pipes 4, float type level meter 3 is installed, water filling in table water aquifer bag 2, until the water level of water level pipe 4 by float type level meter 3 display exceed right side cheuch the lowest point 3cm and lower than the lowest point absolute altitude 2cm of left side cheuch, really spring can be formed because diving flows out gully karness table, runoff is formed from high to low along cheuch, now right side typical cheuch water level pipe 4 in exceed the runoff that cheuch earth's surface water level represents actual spring, and left side typical case cheuch water level pipe 4 in water level because of ditch depth more shallow not exposure phreatic table;
C. measure the absolute altitude change of two typical cheuches, phreatic table change and diving exposure both sides cheuch every data and be recorded as primary data;
D. the front and back panel of simulation box 1 is dismantled, according to being 1:10 with situ time similar proportion, size similar proportion is the similar proportion of 1:100, simulation coal seam 7 from left to right in simulation mining simulation box 1, do not stay border coal column, within every 15 minutes, exploitation 5cm simulates coal seam 7, until stopping in the middle part of exploitation to simulation coal seam 7 adopts line, along with exploitation, collapse downwards in the simulation rock stratum 6 of above goaf, thus make table water aquifer bag 2 move down the flowing of simulated groundwater, cause water level decreasing, collapse district left side typical case cheuch be out of shape downwards, on the left of the water level decreasing causing table water aquifer bag 2 to simulate typical cheuch distortion while because of depression larger, water level exposure is caused under certain probability,
E. in above-mentioned recovery process, gather float type level meter 3 reading in two water level pipes 4, measure the absolute altitude change of two typical cheuches, phreatic table change and diving exposure both sides cheuch situation data simultaneously, observe the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in water level pipe 4 and exposure cheuch situation, every the reading of 5 minutes record water-level gauges 3, finally realize the simulation experiment study of mining subsidence to land in gully phreatic table and rainwash Changing Pattern.
Claims (3)
1. under a land in gully coal mining to the experimental provision of earth's surface runoff influence, it is characterized in that: it comprises the dismountable simulation box of both sides, front and back panel (1), simulation box (1) bottom is equipped with simulation coal seam (7), simulation is provided with simulation rock stratum (6) above coal seam, simulation rock stratum (6) top is provided with table water aquifer bag (2) table water aquifer bag (2) top and lays land in gully earth's surface unconsolidated formation (5), earth's surface unconsolidated formation (5) left and right sides is respectively equipped with typical cheuch, wherein the lowest point of the typical cheuch the lowest point cheuch more typical in opposite side of side is shallow, the lowest point of two typical cheuches is equipped with the water level pipe (4) communicated with water-bearing zone bag (2), water level pipe (4) is provided with float type level meter (3),
Described table water aquifer bag (2) is rubber water bag formation, be provided with in rubber water bag and simulate water-bearing zone support frame and the stone filling up water bag, described stone diameter is 0.5cm, and direct clearance to the water level that in rubber water bag, water filling is full of stone rises in water level pipe (4);
Described simulation coal seam (7) is made up of sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum, and wherein sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum quality press analog simulation proportioning number 773 proportionings, and add the painted simulation coal seam of coal dust; Pressed analog simulation proportioning number 573 proportionings simulated soft formation by sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum quality, pressed proportioning number 337 proportionings simulated hard formation by sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum quality.
2. under land in gully according to claim 1 coal mining to the experimental provision of earth's surface runoff influence, it is characterized in that: described left side typical case's cheuch is more shallow than the typical cheuch in right side, water level in the water level pipe (4) of the typical cheuch in left side is lower than the lowest point absolute altitude 2cm of left side cheuch, and the water level in the water level pipe (4) of right side typical case's cheuch is higher than the lowest point absolute altitude 3cm of right side cheuch.
3. under using the land in gully of device described in claim 1, coal mining is to an experimental technique for earth's surface runoff influence, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
A. lay in simulation box (1) bottom and utilize by sand, calcium carbonate, the simulation coal seam (7) of gypsum and coal dust mixing, and in the upper laying of simulation coal seam (7) by mixing sand, what calcium carbonate and gypsum mixed places in simulation rock stratum (6) the table water aquifer bag (2) being filled with stone on the top of simulation rock stratum (6), simulation earth's surface unconsolidated formation (5) be made up of soil is laid on table water aquifer bag (2) top, simulation earth's surface unconsolidated formation (5) upper left parting on the right side is not equipped with typical cheuch, wherein the typical cheuch in left side is more shallow than the typical cheuch in right side, left and right cheuch discrepancy in elevation 5cm, and on the top of table water aquifer bag (2), the ditch bottom of two typical cheuches of simulation earth's surface unconsolidated formation (5) arranges two water level pipes (4) be communicated with table water aquifer bag (2) for simulating typical cheuch place rainwash water level,
B. the interior installation float type level meter (3) of two water level pipes (4), to table water aquifer bag (2) interior water filling, until the water level of water level pipe (4) by float type level meter (3) display exceed right side cheuch the lowest point 3cm and lower than the lowest point absolute altitude 2cm of left side cheuch, really spring can be formed because diving flows out gully karness table, runoff is formed from high to low along cheuch, now right side typical cheuch water level pipe (4) in exceed the runoff that cheuch earth's surface water level represents actual spring, and water level pipe (4) the interior water level of left side typical case's cheuch is because of ditch depth more shallow not exposure phreatic table,
C. measure the absolute altitude change of two typical cheuches, phreatic table change and diving exposure both sides cheuch every data and be recorded as primary data;
D. the front and back panel of simulation box (1) is dismantled, border coal column is not stayed to mine to simulation coal seam (7) from left to right, along with exploitation, collapsing downwards in the simulation rock stratum (6) of above goaf, thus makes table water aquifer bag (2) move down the flowing of simulated groundwater, causes water level decreasing, collapse district left side typical case cheuch be out of shape downwards, cause the water level decreasing that table water aquifer bag (2) is simulated, left side typical case's cheuch because depression is comparatively large, causes water level exposure while distortion;
E. float type level meter (3) reading in two water level pipes (4) is gathered, measure the absolute altitude change of two typical cheuches, phreatic table change and diving exposure both sides cheuch situation data simultaneously, by the every Data Comparison with original state, thus under effectively sunykatuib analysis goes out land in gully coal mining to earth's surface runoff influence.
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| CN105259047A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-20 | 孙姗姗 | Water bag device provided with water tanks and used for simulating pressure-bearing water |
| CN105388266A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-03-09 | 刘柳平 | Simulation test device of pressure-bearing underwater coal mining and application method of simulation test device |
| CN105424906A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-03-23 | 胡传武 | Z-type water bag device capable of simulating aquifer and using method thereof |
| CN105974087A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-28 | 湖南科技大学 | Water-preserved mining solid-liquid coupling similarity simulation test apparatus suitable for near coal seams |
| CN106093341A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-11-09 | 中国矿业大学 | The experimental provision of the surface drilling sliding deformation disrumpent feelings rule of inverting overlying strata and method |
| CN107490667A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-19 | 立方通达实业（天津）有限公司 | Demonstration equipment in a kind of geotechnological inbreak phenomenon room |
| CN109115944A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-01 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation loose aquifer simulator and method |
| CN112067793A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-11 | 山东科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating stratum subsidence rule in coastal mining |
| CN112539063A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-23 | 山东科技大学 | Three-dimensional simulation device for dynamic evolution of underground water under coastal coal mining condition |
| CN115221687A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-21 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Numerical simulation method for influence of coal mining on river runoff |
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| CN105259047A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-20 | 孙姗姗 | Water bag device provided with water tanks and used for simulating pressure-bearing water |
| CN105388266A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-03-09 | 刘柳平 | Simulation test device of pressure-bearing underwater coal mining and application method of simulation test device |
| CN105424906A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-03-23 | 胡传武 | Z-type water bag device capable of simulating aquifer and using method thereof |
| CN105974087A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-28 | 湖南科技大学 | Water-preserved mining solid-liquid coupling similarity simulation test apparatus suitable for near coal seams |
| CN106093341A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-11-09 | 中国矿业大学 | The experimental provision of the surface drilling sliding deformation disrumpent feelings rule of inverting overlying strata and method |
| CN107490667A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-19 | 立方通达实业（天津）有限公司 | Demonstration equipment in a kind of geotechnological inbreak phenomenon room |
| CN109115944A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-01 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation loose aquifer simulator and method |
| CN112067793A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-11 | 山东科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating stratum subsidence rule in coastal mining |
| CN112067793B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-11-11 | 山东科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating stratum subsidence rule in coastal mining |
| CN112539063A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-23 | 山东科技大学 | Three-dimensional simulation device for dynamic evolution of underground water under coastal coal mining condition |
| CN112539063B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-07-08 | 山东科技大学 | Three-dimensional simulation device for dynamic evolution of underground water under coastal coal mining condition |
| CN115221687A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-21 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Numerical simulation method for influence of coal mining on river runoff |
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