CN104536418A - Precise agriculture control system and method for automatic fertilization and water supply through distributed control - Google Patents
Precise agriculture control system and method for automatic fertilization and water supply through distributed control Download PDFInfo
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- CN104536418A CN104536418A CN201410826503.4A CN201410826503A CN104536418A CN 104536418 A CN104536418 A CN 104536418A CN 201410826503 A CN201410826503 A CN 201410826503A CN 104536418 A CN104536418 A CN 104536418A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
Abstract
The invention discloses a precise agriculture control system and method for automatic fertilization and water supply through distributed control. The system comprises a plurality of field subsystems, an irrigation execution subsystem and an upper monitoring subsystem. Each field subsystem is connected with the irrigation execution subsystem through a communication bus, and an irrigation requirement is sent to the irrigation execution subsystem; the field subsystems are connected with the upper monitoring subsystem through communication buses to transmit the working states of the field subsystems; the field subsystems are mainly composed of field control computers, temperature sensors, superficial-layer soil humidity sensors, deep-layer soil humidity sensors, ion concentration sensors and meteorological stations, wherein the temperature sensors, the superficial-layer soil humidity sensors, the deep-layer soil humidity sensors, the ion concentration sensors and the meteorological stations are connected with the field control computers. The irrigation execution subsystem is mainly composed of an irrigation control computer, a water pump, a filtering device, a fertilizer distributor and a flow monitoring device, wherein the water pump, the filtering device, the fertilizer distributor and the flow monitoring device are connected with the irrigation control computer. After an irrigation requirement sent by a certain field irrigation subsystem is received, quantitative watering or fertilizing is conducted according to requirements. According to the precise agriculture control system and method, flexibility is higher, the operation reliability is higher, and the working efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural water fertilizer technical field of automatic control, be specifically a kind of utilize distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water accurate agronomy control system and method.
Background technology
Along with the development of automatic control technology and detection technique, agricultural automation level improves constantly, and emerges the water and fertilizer management system of a collection of semi-automation, robotization, level of agricultural production is had increased significantly.
But, also there is following problem in actual use:
1, the detection probe of water and fertilizer management system is embedded in field, by cable, the parameter values for detection in field is fed back to central control computer, due to the output of Fields detection probe is nearly all faint analog signals, the transmission of long distance and the change of temperature all can make signal produce drift, direct impact can be produced for the decision-making of central computer and judgement, therefore need often to carry out more accurate to field sensors, not only waste time and energy, and affect accuracy and the reliability of whole system;
2, the controling parameters of whole system and computing formula are completely in central computer, add memory space and the calculated amount of central computer, once there is operation troubles in central computer, whole system is paralysed completely, can produce irremediable impact in the crop growth key period;
3, the extendability of whole system is subject to the restriction of central computer hardware input point and output point.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above problems, the object of the invention is to propose the accurate agronomy control system utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for achieving the above object is to provide a kind of accurate agronomy control system utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water, and native system comprises multiple fields subsystem, irrigates executive subsystem, upper monitoring subsystem;
Each field subsystem is connected with irrigation executive subsystem by communication bus, can send irrigation demand to irrigation executive subsystem;
Each field subsystem is connected with upper monitoring subsystem by communication bus, can transmit the duty of field subsystem to upper monitoring subsystem;
Field subsystem forms primarily of field computer for controlling, the temperature sensor be connected with field computer for controlling, thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, ion concentration sensor and weather station;
Irrigate executive subsystem to form primarily of irrigation control computing machine, the water pump be connected with irrigation control computing machine, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring equipment; After receiving the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends, carry out quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer according to demand;
Upper monitoring subsystem is primarily of computing machine and monitoring and control configuration system composition; Realize the setting of field subsystem operating parameter and the monitoring of duty.
Further, the field computer for controlling of described each field subsystem arranges four analog input interfaces, a digital communication interface and a communication bus interface;
Four analog quantity interfaces connect thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, soil temperature sensor, ion concentration sensor respectively;
A digital communication interface connects weather station, gathers weather information by digital communication;
Each field subsystem gathers the many kinds of parameters change in soil by four analog quantity interface Real-Time Monitorings, also by a digital communication interface collection feedforward weather information; Judge whether to water through calculating, and control irrigation amount; Judge whether fertilising, and control rate of fertilizer application; Realize each field subsystem and carry out independent calculating, decrease data calculated amount and memory space, make the response of system rapider.
Further, irrigate executive subsystem to form primarily of the water pump be connected with irrigation control computing machine, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring equipment;
Water pump is connected by data line in the well in field with between irrigation control computing machine, controls its start and stop by irrigation control computing machine; Irrigation control computing machine, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring integration of equipments are positioned over edge, field together; Be connected by pipeline between water pump with filter plant, the water inside well sucks out from water pump, enters fertilizer applicator after being filtered by filter plant; Traffic monitoring equipment is arranged between filter plant and fertilizer applicator;
After receiving the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends, controlled the start and stop of water pump and fertilizer applicator by irrigation control computing machine, and then carry out quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer according to demand.
Further, thin solum humidity sensor and deep soil humidity sensor are arranged on same perpendicular line, temperature sensor, ion concentration sensor are arranged near root system of plant, above four sensors are communicated with field computer for controlling by data line, detect data and are sent in the computer for controlling of field in real time; Weather station is arranged on above sensor; Sensor is arranged on the middle position of field.
Further, system also comprises irrigation executive subsystem for subsequent use, configuring identical, taking over job when irrigating executive subsystem fault with irrigation executive subsystem.
A kind of accurate agronomy control method utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water also is provided, each field subsystem carries out calculating and judges and take in corresponding control procedure, first when thin solum sensor detects lack of water, judge deep soil sensor whether lack of water, if lack of water, by weather information comprehensive descision the need of watering;
When thin solum sensor detects lack of water, judge that whether soil ion concentration is lower than setting value, if lower than setting value, need water and apply fertilizer;
When soil ion concentration is lower than setting value, no matter soil whether lack of water, all needs water and apply fertilizer;
In said process, with the database data in the computer for controlling of field for according to calculating, and then the fertilising concentration of control irrigation executive subsystem and irrigation amount; Upper monitoring subsystem realizes the setting of field subsystem operating parameter and the monitoring of duty.
The accurate agronomy control system utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water, native system comprises multiple fields subsystem, irrigates executive subsystem, upper monitoring subsystem; Each field subsystem is connected with irrigation executive subsystem by communication bus, can send irrigation demand to irrigation subsystem; Each field subsystem is connected with upper monitoring subsystem by communication bus, can transmit the duty of field subsystem to upper monitoring subsystem; Field subsystem forms primarily of the temperature sensor be connected with field computer for controlling, thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, ion concentration sensor and weather station; Irrigate executive subsystem to form primarily of the water pump be connected with irrigation control computing machine, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring equipment; After receiving the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends, carry out quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer according to demand; Upper monitoring subsystem is primarily of computing machine and monitoring and control configuration system composition; In real time to the setting of field subsystem operating parameter and the monitoring of duty.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, the effective control area of the present invention increases, and can arrange many cover fields subsystem, breach the increase along with cultivated area in legacy system application, the corresponding increase of number of sensors, but be subject to traditional control system input point and output point restricted number.
2, work efficiency of the present invention is higher, and field subsystems proposes pouring request to irrigation executive subsystem as required according to the sensor parameters gathered, can the parallel running of many cover systems, has higher operational efficiency than traditional polling mode.
3, dirigibility of the present invention is higher, and each subsystem works alone, and can have the reply of different sub-system products for Different Crop, and whole irrigation system can independent assortment flexibly, expands also be more prone to system.
4, operational reliability of the present invention is higher, each field subsystem works alone, after the subsystem fault of field and alarm, do not affect other field subsystem work, fault incidence is down to minimum, simultaneously irrigate executive system adopt redundant fashion design, after set of system fault system works for subsequent use and and alarm.
5, the present invention adopts looped network bus structure, even if any like this communication cabinet fault, system can not be paralysed, and still can normally run, and improves the adaptability of this system for farmland mechanical work further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is field of the present invention subsystem diagram.
Fig. 3 is the decision flow chart of field of the present invention subsystem.
Fig. 4 is the control flow chart of upper monitoring subsystem of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is irrigation executive subsystem block diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and Reference numeral, the present invention is described in more detail.
As Figure 1-5, a kind of accurate agronomy control system utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water, native system comprises multiple fields subsystem, irrigates executive subsystem, upper monitoring subsystem; Each field subsystem is connected with irrigation executive subsystem by communication bus, can send irrigation demand to irrigation subsystem; Each field subsystem is connected with upper monitoring subsystem by communication bus, can transmit the duty of field subsystem to upper monitoring subsystem; Field subsystem is primarily of field computer for controlling and connected temperature sensor, thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, ion concentration sensor and weather station composition; Irrigate executive subsystem primarily of irrigation control computing machine and connected water pump, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring equipment composition; After receiving the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends, irrigate executive subsystem and carry out quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer according to demand; Upper monitoring subsystem is primarily of computing machine and monitoring and control configuration system composition; In real time to the setting of field subsystem operating parameter and the monitoring of duty.
The computer for controlling of described each field subsystem arranges four analog input interfaces, a digital communication interface and a communication bus interface; Four analog quantity interfaces connect thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, soil temperature sensor, ion concentration sensor respectively, and the sensor is commercial products; A digital communication interface connects weather station, and prior art, as Portable weather station, gathers weather information by digital communication; Each field subsystem gathers the many kinds of parameters change in soil by four analog quantity interface Real-Time Monitorings, also by a digital communication interface collection feedforward weather information; Judge whether to water through calculating, and control irrigation amount; Judge whether fertilising, and control rate of fertilizer application; Realize each field subsystem and carry out independent calculating, decrease data calculated amount and memory space, make the response of system rapider.
As shown in Figure 4, the water pump of irrigating executive subsystem is arranged in the well in field to the control procedure of described upper monitoring subsystem, is connected by data line with between irrigation control computing machine, controls start and stop by irrigation control computing machine; Irrigation control computing machine, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring integration of equipments together, are positioned over edge, field; Be connected by pipeline between water pump with filter plant, the water inside well sucks out from water pump, enters fertilizer applicator after being filtered by filter plant; Traffic monitoring equipment is between filter plant and fertilizer applicator, and the data of monitoring pass to irrigation control computing machine by data line, by the start and stop of irrigation control computerized equipment.
After receiving the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends, irrigate executive subsystem and carry out quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer according to demand;
The thin solum humidity sensor of field subsystem and the installation of deep soil humidity sensor should on same perpendicular line, temperature sensor, ion concentration sensor are arranged near root system of plant, above four sensors are communicated with field computer for controlling by data line, detect data and are sent in real time in the computer for controlling of field.Weather station is arranged on above sensor.The middle position (soil parameters of this each position of field must be identical or approximate identical with meteorologic parameter) of field should be arranged on upper sensor.
System also comprises irrigation executive subsystem for subsequent use, configuring identical, taking over job when irrigating executive subsystem fault with irrigation executive subsystem.
Water requirement and fertilizer requirement are issued irrigation executive subsystem and upper monitoring subsystem by communication bus by field of the present invention subsystem, the collaborative work of many cover systems.
Accurate agronomy set-up of control system of the present invention field subsystem, shortens the stube cable length of sensor greatly, makes signal quality keep optimum level.Field subsystem directly makes decisions according to each sensor and weather station sample magnitude, judges whether to water, and calculates irrigation amount; Judge whether fertilising, calculate rate of fertilizer application.After irrigation executive subsystem receives the demand of field subsystem, directly water and apply fertilizer according to demand, whole system reaction is rapider.
In accurate agronomy control method of the present invention, each field subsystem carries out calculating judgement and takes corresponding control procedure as shown in Figure 3, first when thin solum sensor detects lack of water, judge deep soil sensor whether lack of water, if lack of water, by weather information comprehensive descision the need of watering; When thin solum sensor detects lack of water, judge that whether soil ion concentration is lower than setting value, if lower than setting value, need water and apply fertilizer; When soil ion concentration is lower than setting value, no matter soil whether lack of water, all needs water and apply fertilizer; In said process, fertilising concentration and irrigation amount, with the database data in the subsystem computer of field for foundation calculates.
Claims (6)
1. the accurate agronomy control system utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water, is characterized in that:
Native system comprises multiple fields subsystem, irrigates executive subsystem, upper monitoring subsystem;
Each field subsystem is connected with irrigation executive subsystem by communication bus, can send irrigation demand to irrigation executive subsystem;
Each field subsystem is connected with upper monitoring subsystem by communication bus, can transmit the duty of field subsystem to upper monitoring subsystem;
Field subsystem forms primarily of field computer for controlling, the temperature sensor be connected with field computer for controlling, thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, ion concentration sensor and weather station;
Irrigate executive subsystem to form primarily of irrigation control computing machine, the water pump be connected with irrigation control computing machine, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring equipment; After receiving the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends, carry out quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer according to demand;
Upper monitoring subsystem is primarily of computing machine and monitoring and control configuration system composition; Realize the setting of field subsystem operating parameter and the monitoring of duty.
2. the accurate agronomy control system utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The field computer for controlling of described each field subsystem arranges four analog input interfaces, a digital communication interface and a communication bus interface;
Four analog quantity interfaces connect thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, soil temperature sensor, ion concentration sensor respectively;
A digital communication interface connects weather station, gathers weather information by digital communication;
Each field subsystem gathers the many kinds of parameters change in soil by four analog quantity interface Real-Time Monitorings, also by a digital communication interface collection feedforward weather information; Judge whether to water through calculating, and control irrigation amount; Judge whether fertilising, and control rate of fertilizer application; Realize each field subsystem and carry out independent calculating, decrease data calculated amount and memory space, make the response of system rapider.
3. the accurate agronomy control system utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Irrigate executive subsystem to form primarily of the water pump be connected with irrigation control computing machine, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring equipment;
Water pump is connected by data line in the well in field with between irrigation control computing machine, controls its start and stop by irrigation control computing machine; Irrigation control computing machine, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring integration of equipments are positioned over edge, field together; Be connected by pipeline between water pump with filter plant, the water inside well sucks out from water pump, enters fertilizer applicator after being filtered by filter plant; Traffic monitoring equipment is arranged between filter plant and fertilizer applicator;
After receiving the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends, controlled the start and stop of water pump and fertilizer applicator by irrigation control computing machine, and then carry out quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer according to demand.
4. the accurate agronomy control system utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Thin solum humidity sensor and deep soil humidity sensor are arranged on same perpendicular line, temperature sensor, ion concentration sensor are arranged near root system of plant, above four sensors are communicated with field computer for controlling by data line, detect data and are sent in the computer for controlling of field in real time; Weather station is arranged on above sensor; Sensor is arranged on the middle position of field.
5. the accurate agronomy control system utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
System also comprises irrigation executive subsystem for subsequent use, configuring identical, taking over job when irrigating executive subsystem fault with irrigation executive subsystem.
6. the accurate agronomy control method utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water, is characterized in that:
Each field subsystem carries out calculating and judges and take in corresponding control procedure, first when thin solum sensor detects lack of water, judge deep soil sensor whether lack of water, if lack of water, by weather information comprehensive descision the need of watering;
When thin solum sensor detects lack of water, judge that whether soil ion concentration is lower than setting value, if lower than setting value, need water and apply fertilizer;
When soil ion concentration is lower than setting value, no matter soil whether lack of water, all needs water and apply fertilizer;
In said process, with the database data in the computer for controlling of field for according to calculating, and then the fertilising concentration of control irrigation executive subsystem and irrigation amount; Upper monitoring subsystem realizes the setting of field subsystem operating parameter and the monitoring of duty.
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| CN107466738A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-15 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of point control type accurate intelligent fertigation dispenser system |
| CN110073951A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-02 | 章鑫 | A kind of control of desert system |
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| CN104536418B (en) | 2017-05-03 |
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