CN104461783A - Virtual machine backup method by tracking sector data change - Google Patents
Virtual machine backup method by tracking sector data change Download PDFInfo
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- CN104461783A CN104461783A CN201410756594.9A CN201410756594A CN104461783A CN 104461783 A CN104461783 A CN 104461783A CN 201410756594 A CN201410756594 A CN 201410756594A CN 104461783 A CN104461783 A CN 104461783A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a virtual machine backup method by tracking sector data change. According to the method, use information of disk clusters is obtained by bitmap files of a file system; complete backup is implemented by obtaining use information of a sector corresponding to a used cluster in a disk, backing up data of a storage address of the cluster, performing hash operation and storing a hash value into a hashmap; incremental backup is implemented by comparing the used cluster with a cluster backed up previously, if the cluster does not exist, backing up data of the sector corresponding to the cluster directly and interpolating a value in the sector by hash into a previous hashmap, if the cluster is found out, comparing whether or not the hash value of the current data with the previous value are the same, if yes, skipping and requiring no backup, and if not, backing up the data of the sector corresponding to the cluster, using the new hash value to substitute for the previous value to be stored in the hashmap. The virtual machine backup method by tracking sector data change is capable of achieving incremental backup when CBT (changed block tracking) fails.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and belong to VMware Disk Backup and recovery field, especially relate to a kind of sector data of following the tracks of and change virtual machine backup method.
Background technology
VDDK is as the file system of VMware virtual machine; still there is many problems with regard to current performance; therefore the backup software of each businessman does not all have good avoiding method in some problems of reply VDDK self generation; this also result in the lifting of data protection cost; or shielding failure, brings the disaster of loss of data to client.
NTFS system is with MFT (MFT) for core, by the file system that the system file of whole subregion and user file are organically combined.In file system, each object is a kind of file, and therefore it also comprises 16 system files such as ＄ MFT, $ MFTMirr, $ Bitmap, $ boot.Bitmap file (Bitmap) exists in new technology file system, and is present in meta data file, carries out record to hard disk bunch service condition, have recorded the address data memory of bitmap file in the MTF table of bitmap file.
MFT comprises much with the record of fileinfo, and the content of whole file system all marks by these records, and all records can process as file.
VMware higher version after ESX/ESXI 4.0 introduces the modified block tracking technique of CBT (changed blocktracking) magnetic disk of virtual machine, and technique runs when needing virtual machine activation CBT normally, virtual machine comprises zero snapshot, if there is snapshot, needs to empty snapshot and restart virtual machine, obviously like this can not meet the continuous unbroken aim of customer service.That is the CBT of virtual machine is arranged in most cases is failed.The problem lost efficacy for CBT in common processing mode is all again go to back up its whole complete disk; reach the object of backup protection data; such mode more and more can not meet the situation that virtual machine increases sharply, data volume sharply expands instantly; so not only need to consume the more time when backup; and the utilization factor of storage is exponentially declined, the most important thing is like this just can not accomplish flexibly to complete in the best opportunity object protecting virtual-machine data.Want to proceed fast tracking backup for problems and do not find that there is any method solving this problem at present.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly provide a kind of sector data change virtual machine backup method of following the tracks of to overcome defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, when using CBT to lose efficacy, still the backup of incremental data can be carried out, and unnecessary in the whole disk total data of backup.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of sector data of following the tracks of changes virtual machine backup method, comprises backup and incremental backup completely, and described backup completely comprises:
A1) obtain bitmap file, read the disk cluster service condition information recorded in the data field of this bitmap file;
A2) according to described disk cluster service condition information bunch to calculate the hash value to have used bunch for unit, and be stored in hashmap, the corresponding bunch corresponding sector data that used backed up simultaneously;
Described incremental backup comprises:
B1) obtain bitmap file, read the disk cluster service condition information recorded in this data field;
B2) according to described disk cluster service condition information bunch to calculate the hash value to have used bunch for unit;
B3) judge whether there is step B2 in hashmap) the hash value to use bunch that calculates, if so, then step B4 is performed), if not, then by step B2) the hash value that calculates is added in hashmap, the corresponding bunch corresponding sector data that used backed up simultaneously;
B4) by step B2) the hash value of preserving in the hash value that calculates and hashmap compares, judge that whether two values are identical, if, then Backup end, if not, then the corresponding bunch corresponding sector data that used being backed up, uses step B2 simultaneously) the hash value that calculates replaces the hash value of preserving in hashmap.
Preferably, before backing up, judge current executing the task as backing up completely or incremental backup.
Preferably, described steps A 1) with step B1) in, after obtaining bitmap file, whether bunch be bad bunch, if so, then skip this bunch, if not, then perform and operates further if judging to have used.
The obtain manner of institute's bitmap file is: the Bitmap attribute being obtained whole file system by run Data attribute.
Described steps A 2) with step B2) in, calculate the hash value to have used bunch and be specially:
A () obtains bunch corresponding message bit pattern;
B () converts a bunch corresponding message bit pattern message bit pattern corresponding to sector to;
C message bit pattern that step (b) obtains by () divides into groups by the block size of sector settings;
D () carries out hash operation to the data value of the contiguous sector in each group, obtain hash value.
In the data that institute's bitmap file is corresponding, each of each byte represents the service condition of each disk cluster in logical drive, and " 0 " represents that the disk cluster of its correspondence is not for use bunch, and " 1 " represents that the disk cluster of its correspondence is for have used bunch.
Compared with prior art, the virtual machine that the inventive method allows CBT lose efficacy equally also can reach the object being incremented backup, be described because the present invention stands in whole file system aspect and process simultaneously, therefore system integrity is high, processing speed is fast, is specially adapted to the production scene requiring processing speed preferential.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is internal files of virtual machine schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention backs up idiographic flow schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is hash value value process flow diagram flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.The present embodiment is implemented premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of and follows the tracks of sector data change virtual machine backup method, the use information of disk cluster is obtained by file system bitmap file ($ Bitmap), thus bunch corresponding sector used in acquisition disk uses information, then the data of this bunch of memory address carried out backing up and do hash operation, hash value is saved in hashmap; When incremental backup, get distributed bunch with bunch comparing of backing up before, if this bunch does not exist, directly back up the data of this bunch of corresponding sector, and the value in this sector is in the hashmap before hash is inserted into, if find this bunch, then whether the hash value of more present data is identical, identical with hash value before, skips and do not need backup, different then back up the data of this bunch of corresponding sector, and the value before using new hash value to replace it is stored in hashmap.
When backing up, need, in client, backup agent client is installed and (certainly agency can be put into cabinet, here to install external agent to introduce), after the virtual machine that customer selecting will back up well, sent some information needing backup virtual machine to client by control desk, client obtains ESXI platform virtual machine information by WSDL (a kind of network communication services language), and will the information of backup be needed to return to client, these data are returned to control desk by client again, this data message is just saved in the storage of cupboard and completes whole backup procedure by control desk.
Figure 1 shows that the normal file map using virtual machine under off-mode to comprise.The effect of concrete file is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| filename | describe |
| .nvram | record virtual machine BIOS information file. |
| .vmdk | magnetic disk of virtual machine file, preserves virtual-machine data file. |
| .vmsd | the file of storing metadata and some SNAPSHOT INFOs together with snapshot. |
| .vmx | virtual machine configuration information and hardware setting. |
| .vmxf | an additional configurations file, in order to compatible with Workstation. |
| .vmsn | storage virtual machine is carrying out the state when snapshot. |
| .log | the log information of storage virtual machine, for malfunction elimination. |
Can find out that the analysis of virtual machine file can be determined to protect the essence of the virtual-machine data in ESX/ESXI server to be exactly protect the data of magnetic disk of virtual machine by table 1; and a socket is provided for the operation VDDK of vmdk file; data in magnetic disk can be read by sector; and the present invention is based on tracking sector data change backup virtual machine, be namely exactly undertaken contrasting and verifying work by the sector data information read when backup gets data in magnetic disk.Fig. 2 describes the flow process using when backing up and follow the tracks of sector change backup virtual machine, specific as follows:
Step 101, control desk sends backup command.
Step 102, client receives order connecting virtual machine platform.
Step 103, screens the go out of the city virtual machine and Disk Locality thereof that will back up.
Step 104, obtains disc information and bitmap file, reads the disk cluster service condition information recorded in the data field of this bitmap file.If backup command is for back up completely, then perform step 105, if backup command is incremental backup, then perform step 106.
The obtain manner of bitmap file is: the Bitmap attribute being obtained whole file system by run Data attribute.
Step 105, client just logs on the full detail that ESX/ESXI platform obtains control desk virtual machine to back up, according to disk cluster service condition information, bunch to calculate the hash value to have used bunch for unit, and be stored in the hashmap of control desk, the corresponding bunch corresponding sector data that used is backed up simultaneously, forward step 107 to.
In the present embodiment, calculate the hash value to have used bunch according to sector data acquisition, detailed process as shown in Figure 3, is specially:
Step 201, obtains bunch corresponding message bit pattern;
Step 202, converts a bunch corresponding message bit pattern message bit pattern corresponding to sector to;
Step 203, message bit pattern step 202 obtained divides into groups by the block size of sector settings;
Step 204, carries out hash operation to the data value of the contiguous sector in each group, obtains hash value.
Only corresponding with the generating hash value data of the result of hash value are relevant, have nothing to do with other information, and therefore we are to the unique unchangeability also just can determining data value in its sector when bunch being hash.
Step 106, according to described disk cluster service condition information bunch to calculate the hash value to have used bunch for unit, judge in the hashmap of control desk, whether to there is calculated hash value, if exist, then the hash value of preserving in the hash value calculated and hashmap is compared, if identical, then do not back up, if not identical, then the corresponding bunch corresponding sector data that used is backed up, replace the hash value of preserving in hashmap simultaneously by the hash value calculated; If do not exist, then the hash value calculated is added in hashmap, the corresponding bunch corresponding sector data that used is backed up simultaneously.Forward step 107 to.
Step 107, backup completes, and Backup Data stream is stored in back-up storage cabinet by control desk.
When backing up completely, first the boot sector of reading disk, deposit bunch address of the $ MFT MFT of needs in boot sector, obtain bitmap file ($ Bitmap) first needs to obtain MFT, from list item, then find the document location of needs.
Further, to resolve according to NFS layout and obtain the information of disk first will to get a series of information Step of disk sector roughly as follows:
1) read and resolve disk boot sector information, structure is roughly as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| Byte offset | Length (byte) | Accepted value | Meaning |
| 0x00 | 3 | 0xEB5290 | JMP instruction |
| 0x03 | 4 | NTFS | System identifier |
| 0x0B | 2 | 0x0002 | Every sector number of words |
| 0x0D | 1 | 0x08 | Every bunch of sector number |
| 0x0E | 2 | 0x0000 | Reserve sector |
| 0x10 | 3 | 0x0000000 | Be 0 always |
| 0x13 | 2 | 0x0000 | NTFS is for using |
| 0x15 | 1 | 0xF8 | Media Description |
| 0x16 | 1 | 0x0000 | Be 0 always |
| 0x18 | 2 | 0x3F00 | Each magnetic track sector number |
| 0x1A | 2 | 0xFF00 | Magnetic head number |
| 0x1c | 4 | 0x3F000000 | Implicit sector |
| 0x20 | 4 | 0x00000000 | NTFS does not use |
| 0x24 | 4 | 0x80008000 | NTFS does not use |
| 0x28 | 8 | 0x4AF57F0000000000 | Sector sum |
| 0x30 | 8 | 0x0400000000000000 | The Logic Cluster number of $ MFT |
| 0x38 | 8 | 0x54FF070000000000 | $ MFTMirr Logic Cluster number |
| 0x40 | 4 | 0xF6000000 | Every MFT record bunch |
| 0x44 | 4 | 0x01000000 | Every index number of clusters |
| 0x48 | 8 | 0x14A51B74C91B741C | Label |
| 0x50 | 4 | 0x00000000 | School Affairs |
| 0x54 | 430 | Omit herein | Guidance code |
| 0x1FE | 2 | 0x55AA | Signature |
2) can visit MFT according to the Logic Cluster of $ MFT number, the data structure of MFT is as shown in table 3, and it is made up of MFT list one by one, is its data of 1024 readings according to each MFT size, finds corresponding $ Bitmap file.
The MFT entry of $ Bitmap is got by circulation, now can be obtained by the information analyzing $ Bitmap file, which bunch is used, which does not also use, obtain every bunch when analysis guide sector above and comprised several sector, directly can locate the beginning sector position of each bunch like this.Read the value of sector and be hash, deposit in hsahmap hash value with bunch first sector number for index, so not only locator data is convenient, and judges that when increment whether one bunch be that to increase bunch efficiency newly high.
First client all needs backup by the sector that out which bunch is corresponding of the data analysis in $ Bitmap, to be analyzed complete after, corresponding for the hash value of bunch corresponding sector data and current cluster that need backup is sent to control desk by client, and control desk stores its value respectively.
When incremental backup client first from control desk obtain before preserve hash value, further when obtaining the corresponding sector of the disk cluster needing backup, to judge whether current cluster backed up before, by bunch number to inquire about in hashmap, if do not deposit, in hashmap, create the index of this bunch, and the hash value of this bunch is deposited into, if exist, need the hash value comparing current cluster whether identical with hash value before, if identical, skip the data not needing to back up this bunch, if difference needs the data backing up this bunch, and new hash value is substituted in hashmap.
Claims (6)
1. follow the tracks of a sector data change virtual machine backup method, it is characterized in that, comprise backup and incremental backup completely, described backup completely comprises:
A1) obtain bitmap file, read the disk cluster service condition information recorded in the data field of this bitmap file;
A2) according to described disk cluster service condition information bunch to calculate the hash value to have used bunch for unit, and be stored in hashmap, the corresponding bunch corresponding sector data that used backed up simultaneously;
Described incremental backup comprises:
B1) obtain bitmap file, read the disk cluster service condition information recorded in the data field of this bitmap file;
B2) according to described disk cluster service condition information bunch to calculate the hash value to have used bunch for unit;
B3) judge whether there is step B2 in hashmap) the hash value to use bunch that calculates, if so, then step B4 is performed), if not, then by step B2) the hash value that calculates is added in hashmap, the corresponding bunch corresponding sector data that used backed up simultaneously;
B4) by step B2) the hash value of preserving in the hash value that calculates and hashmap compares, judge that whether two values are identical, if, then Backup end, if not, then the corresponding bunch corresponding sector data that used being backed up, uses step B2 simultaneously) the hash value that calculates replaces the hash value of preserving in hashmap.
2. tracking sector data change virtual machine backup method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, before backing up, judges current executing the task as backing up completely or incremental backup.
3. tracking sector data change virtual machine backup method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described steps A 1) and step B1) in, whether obtain after bitmap file, judging to have used bunch is bad bunch, if, then skip this bunch, if not, then perform operation further.
4. tracking sector data change virtual machine backup method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the obtain manner of institute's bitmap file is: the Bitmap attribute being obtained whole file system by run Data attribute.
5. tracking sector data according to claim 1 change virtual machine backup method, is characterized in that, described steps A 2) with step B2) in, calculate the hash value to have used bunch and be specially:
A () obtains bunch corresponding message bit pattern;
B () converts a bunch corresponding message bit pattern message bit pattern corresponding to sector to;
C message bit pattern that step (b) obtains by () divides into groups by the block size of sector settings;
D () carries out hash operation to the data value of the contiguous sector in each group, obtain hash value.
6. tracking sector data change virtual machine backup method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the service condition of each expression each disk cluster in logical drive of each byte in the data that institute's bitmap file is corresponding, the disk cluster that " 0 " represents its correspondence is not for use bunch, and " 1 " represents that the disk cluster of its correspondence is for have used bunch.
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| CN106357449A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-01-25 | 深圳市彬讯科技有限公司 | zedis distributed type buffer method |
| CN107025149A (en) * | 2017-03-04 | 2017-08-08 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | Virtual machine backup/restoration system and method |
| CN110109777A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-09 | 南京云信达科技有限公司 | A kind of VM incremental backup method realized in the case of CBT corrupted data |
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| CN110109777A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-09 | 南京云信达科技有限公司 | A kind of VM incremental backup method realized in the case of CBT corrupted data |
| CN111414280A (en) * | 2020-03-29 | 2020-07-14 | 博智安全科技股份有限公司 | Data backup system and method for NTFS (New technology File System) |
| CN112416879A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-02-26 | 成都傲梅科技有限公司 | Block-level data deduplication method based on NTFS (New technology File System) |
| CN112380071A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-02-19 | 成都傲梅科技有限公司 | Method for quickly backing up NTFS file system |
| CN112416879B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-08-04 | 成都傲梅科技有限公司 | NTFS file system-based block-level data deduplication method |
| CN112380071B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-10-27 | 成都傲梅科技有限公司 | Method for quickly backing up NTFS file system |
| CN113626261A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2021-11-09 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Data backup method, device and equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN116560914A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-08-08 | 成都云祺科技有限公司 | Incremental backup method, system and storage medium under virtual machine CBT failure |
| CN116560914B (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-10-13 | 成都云祺科技有限公司 | Incremental backup method, system and storage medium under virtual machine CBT failure |
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