CN104158233B - The determination methods of charging end point - Google Patents
The determination methods of charging end point Download PDFInfo
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- CN104158233B CN104158233B CN201310176161.1A CN201310176161A CN104158233B CN 104158233 B CN104158233 B CN 104158233B CN 201310176161 A CN201310176161 A CN 201310176161A CN 104158233 B CN104158233 B CN 104158233B
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- charging
- pulse width
- rechargeable battery
- battery cell
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Abstract
The present invention is the determination methods of a kind of end point of charging, and including: mat power input unit, input power is converted into dividing potential drop and out-put supply；Utilize pulse width modulation (PWM) to drive controller receive dividing voltage supply and produce PWM drive signal, control switching transistor and produce charging current；Mat charging inductance conduction charging current is charged operation to rechargeable battery cell；Sensing resistance is utilized to connect rechargeable battery cell and ground connection；Utilize PWM drive controller according to the sensing voltage of sensing resistance to regulate the working width of PWM drive signal；And mat PWM drive controller compares working width and predetermined width, it is judged that whether less than predetermined width, complete charge operates current working width.Therefore, the present invention is not required to the complicated amplifier of high sensitivity, high-gain, just can accurately judge to charge whether complete.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is related to the determination methods of a kind of end point of charging, and especially utilizes pulse width modulation to drive controller to judge whether the working width of pulse width modulating signal is less than predetermined width to determine charging end point when determining voltage low current charge.
Background technology
Many hand-helds or portable electronic installation, such as hands table, hands machine, pen electricity (mobile computer), tablet PC, remote controller, radio-tape recorder, walkman, recording pen, camera, the civil power that price cannot be used low operates as power supply, but need volume little, lightweight, have suitable electricity and the most just property battery with provide needed for electric power, the carbon zinc battery of such as disposable battery, alkaline battery, mercury electrode, or the nickel-cadmium cell of rechargeable battery, Ni-MH battery, lithium battery, lithium Fe battery, wherein rechargeable battery has and can repeatedly charge, the repetitive cycling of electric discharge uses characteristic, not only can reduce garbage, also there is suitable carbon reduction effect simultaneously, therefore, become the main power source of above-mentioned electronic installation, especially hands machine, pen electricity, tablet PC.
According to the electrochemical properties of rechargeable battery, general charging procedure can include constant-current charge, constant-voltage charge, low current charge etc. step, uses the shortening charging interval, improves chargeable amount the most as far as possible.But, rechargeable battery charging time, especially lithium system battery, must avoid overcharging, otherwise it may happen that overheated, produce high active substance (such as hydrogen) and cause damage or the most on fire from explosion.Therefore, the charger being responsible for charging typically requires whether detecting battery reaches to fill full degree, and when filling full, stops charging, to prevent the danger overcharged.
In the prior art, whether detecting battery fills full means that are the simplest and that often use is current sense mode.Specifically, use sensing resistance to be serially connected in switching transistor, allow the conducting electric current of switching transistor flow through sensing resistance, and the detecting of mat control circuit sense ohmically sensing voltage and determine battery fill full degree.But, being usually and use very small resistor as far as possible on side circuit, to avoid the waste of power consumption, therefore sensing electric current and sensing voltage are the lowest.Especially at battery close to when filling full, sensing electric current can be lower so that sensing brownout and be not easy accurate detection, be likely to result in the erroneous judgement of charging end point, the most early terminate and charge volume is not enough, or terminate too late and overcharge, even affect safety.
The prior art solution of the problems referred to above is to use high sensitivity and the analogue amplifier of high-gain, it is configurable in control circuit, in order to accurately to amplify small sensing voltage, this not only results in cost increases, and also affect electrical characteristic because this class A amplifier A is easily subject to the interference of electric circumstance around, it is greatly increased the degree of difficulty on entity circuit layout, even cannot implement.
Therefore, need the determination methods of a kind of end point of charging, can be at rechargeable battery cell close to when filling full, accurately judge that the end point of charging stops charging further, avoid rechargeable battery cell charge volume not enough or be overcharged and damage, improve available electricity and improve safety, using the above-mentioned problem of the prior art of solution.
Summary of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at the determination methods that a kind of end point of charging is provided, it is that the constant-voltage charge after constant-current charge is carried out, wherein when constant-voltage charge, charging current can gradually be filled with rechargeable battery full and reduce, therefore the determination methods of the present invention includes: utilize power input unit to receive input power, and dividing voltage supply and out-put supply is produced through dividing potential drop and Filtering Processing, supply pulse width modulation (PulseWidthModulation, PWM) respectively and drive controller and switching transistor；PWM drive controller is utilized to produce PWM drive signal, in order to control the switching action of switching transistor, switching transistor is turned on and off and utilizes out-put supply to produce charging current, and be charged operating to rechargeable battery cell via charging inductance, and rechargeable battery cell is ground connection through sensing resistance, and the cross-pressure of sensing resistance is sensing voltage；Utilize PWM drive controller to receive sensing voltage, and regulate the working width (duty) of PWM drive signal according to sensing voltage；Utilize PWM drive controller to compare working width and predetermined width, and judge that whether current working width is less than predetermined width；And if working width is more than predetermined width, the most persistently produce PWM drive signal for inductive charging electric current to charging inductance, if and working width is equal to or less than predetermined width, then stop producing PWM drive signal, use closedown switching transistor and stop providing charging current to charging inductance, and then terminate the charging operations to rechargeable battery cell.
Therefore, the method of the present invention can be not required to use under high-sensitivity amplifier, just PWM drive controller can be utilized to determine whether the working width of produced pwm signal is less than predetermined width and accurately judges the end point of charging end point, and then stop charging further, prevent from overcharging, cost not only can be greatly reduced, moreover it is possible to improve noise resisting ability, especially can greatly improve the impact of temperature, promote stability and the reliability of overall charging operations.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the operational flowchart of the determination methods according to first embodiment of the invention charging end point.
Fig. 2 shows the system schematic of the determination methods according to first embodiment of the invention charging end point.
Fig. 3 shows the operational flowchart of the determination methods according to second embodiment of the invention charging end point.
Fig. 4 shows the system schematic of the determination methods according to second embodiment of the invention charging end point.
Wherein, description of reference numerals is as follows:
10 power input unit
20 pulse width modulations (PWM) drive controller
30 switching transistors
BT rechargeable battery cell
C filter capacitor
I charging current
IS senses electric current
L charging inductance
RS senses resistance
S10 to S60 step
Vin input power
VS senses voltage
S10 utilizes power input unit to produce dividing voltage supply and out-put supply
S20 utilizes pulse width modulation (PWM) to drive controller to produce PWM drive signal
S30 utilizes PWM drive signal to control switching transistor to produce charging current
S40 utilizes charging inductance transmission charging current to rechargeable battery
S41 utilizes charging inductance and sensing resistive transmission charging current to rechargeable battery
S50 utilizes PWM drive controller according to sensing voltage to regulate working width
S60 utilizes PWM drive controller to judge whether this charging operations completes and complete charge operation
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter coordinate accompanying drawing and reference that embodiments of the present invention are done more detailed description, make to be familiar with those skilled in the art and can implement according to this after studying this specification carefully.
Please also refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the operational flowchart of the determination methods of foundation first embodiment of the invention charging end point and system schematic.The determination methods of the present invention is mainly the charging end point judging rechargeable battery in the constant-voltage charge after constant-current charge, uses complete charge operation.The whole charging operations of rechargeable battery includes constant-current charge and the constant-voltage charge sequentially carried out, wherein when constant-voltage charge, charging current can gradually be filled with rechargeable battery full and reduce, and the determination methods of the present invention is in order to judge the rechargeable battery charging end point when constant-voltage charge.
Specifically, the determination methods of the present invention is to utilize charging device to be charged rechargeable battery cell BT, and charging device can include that power input unit 10, switching transistor 30, pulse width modulation (PWM) drive controller 20, charging inductance L and sensing resistance RS.
Above-mentioned rechargeable battery cell BT is substantially not intended to be limited to a unit rechargeable battery cell, but can include by least one unit rechargeable battery cell through in parallel and/or series connected combination all-in-one-piece rechargeable battery set.
First embodiment of the invention judges that the charging method of charging end point is from the beginning of step S10, input power Vin is received mainly by power input unit 10, such as civil power, other AC or DC power, and appropriately processed and produce dividing voltage supply and out-put supply, such as dividing potential drop, filtering and/or rectification process.
Then, enter step S20, utilize pulse width modulation (PWM) to drive controller 20 to receive the dividing voltage supply from power input unit 10, as supply power supply, and to produce PWM drive signal.
In step s 30, switching transistor 30 is utilized to receive the out-put supply from power input unit 10, and by the switching action of PWM drive signal control switching transistor 30, and then utilize out-put supply to produce charging current I.Specifically, switching transistor 30 can be power transistor, such as MOS transistor (MOS), wherein the gate of switching transistor 30 is connected to PWM drive signal, therefore, PWM drive signal can control switching transistor 30 on and off, that is makes the out-put supply can be via switching transistor 30 with the form transmission of charging current I.
The most in step s 40, utilize charging inductance L to be electrically connected to switching transistor 30 to receive charging current I, and utilize charging current I that the rechargeable battery cell BT being electrically connected to charging inductance L is charged operation.In addition, rechargeable battery cell BT is ground connection through sensing resistance RS, and the sensing electric current IS flowing through sensing resistance RS can produce sensing voltage VS on sensing resistance RS, that is one end of sensing resistance RS is ground connection, and the other end sensing resistance RS is connected to rechargeable battery cell BT, therefore the voltage of the other end of sensing resistance RS is sensing voltage VS.
Enter step S50, utilize PWM drive controller 20 to receive sensing voltage VS, and according to sensing voltage VS to regulate the working width of PWM drive signal, thus charging current I is formed feedback control loop, reach the purpose of constant charge electric current I.Specifically, sensing voltage VS more hour, represents that sensing electric current IS is too low, that is charging current I is too low, and therefore PWM drive controller 20 needs to increase working width, uses raising charging current I, and vice versa.
Finally perform step S60, PWM drive controller 20 is utilized to compare working width and the predetermined width of PWM drive signal, full to judge that rechargeable battery cell BT has filled, or whether reach the charging end point of charging operations and stop charging operations, to complete whole charging operations.It is also preferred that the left predetermined width may be set to the 2% of any number between the 5% to 0.2% of the working cycle of PWM drive signal, such as working cycle.
Specifically, if working width persistently produces PWM drive signal more than predetermined width, end point of the most not up to charging, and PWM drive controller 20 so that switching transistor 30 provides charging current I to charge rechargeable battery cell BT.Another situation is, if working width equals to or less than predetermined width, then reach end point of charging, and PWM drive controller 20 stops producing PWM drive signal, or the working width of PWM drive signal is set as zero, use closedown switching transistor 30 and stop providing charging current I to charging inductance L, that is terminate the charging operations to rechargeable battery cell BT.
Above-mentioned PWM drive controller 20 can be realized by microprocessor (MCU), uses the specific firmware program of execution and controls the flow process of whole charging operations.Additionally, be the electrical quality improving charging current I further, such as filter noise, can be as in figure 2 it is shown, utilize filter capacitor C that the concatenation point of charging inductance L and rechargeable battery cell BT is connected to ground connection.
In addition, with further reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it is respectively operational flowchart and the system schematic of the determination methods of second embodiment of the invention charging end point, wherein the second embodiment is analogous to first embodiment, it major difference is that step S41 of the second embodiment is that the charging inductance L and sensing resistance RS utilizing concatenation charges to rechargeable battery cell with transmission charging current J, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, that is first embodiment and the second embodiment are that the feedback using different connected mode controls path.Specifically, in step S41 of the second embodiment, sensing resistance RS is coupled between charging inductance L and rechargeable battery cell BT, now, the terminal voltage of sensing resistance RS is required sensing voltage VS, and in step S40 of first embodiment, sensing resistance RS is coupled between rechargeable battery cell BT and ground connection.
Owing to remaining operation process step of the second embodiment is such as first embodiment, do not repeat them here.
It should be noted that further, also can utilize filter capacitor C that the concatenation point of charging inductance L and sensing resistance RS is connected to ground connection, use the charging quality improving charging current I to rechargeable battery cell BT as shown in Figure 4.
Additionally, be the electrical quality improving charging current I further, such as filter noise, can be as in figure 2 it is shown, utilize filter capacitor that the concatenation point of charging inductance L and rechargeable battery cell BT is connected to ground connection.
In sum, the method have the characteristics that and do not use analog hardware mode but utilize digital processing mode, full degree is filled with judge rechargeable battery cell, therefore, it is not required to high sensitivity and the analogue amplifier being easily disturbed, and the working cycle of the PWM drive controller foundation PWM drive signal of numeral running can be directly utilized, just can accurately judge whether rechargeable battery cell fills full, and then determine the end point of charging operations.Therefore, the present invention not only can significantly simplify circuit design and physical layout, can also reduce cost of manufacture simultaneously, especially PWM drive controller is originally as digital circuit, therefore can improve noise resisting ability, improve the degree of accuracy of charging end point, promote stability and the reliability of overall charging operations.
Above said content is only in order to explain presently preferred embodiments of the present invention; it is not intended to according to this present invention be done any pro forma restriction; therefore, all have under identical spirit, made any modification for the present invention or change, all must be included in the invention is intended to protection category.
Claims (6)
1. the determination methods of an end point of charging, in order to mat one charging device, one rechargeable battery cell is carried out a charging operations, this charging device includes that a power input unit, a switching transistor, a pulse width modulation drive controller, a charging inductance and a sensing resistance, it is characterized in that, the method is to comprise the following steps:
Utilize this power input unit to receive from an outside input power, and process through dividing potential drop, filtering and/or rectification and produce a dividing voltage supply and an out-put supply；
This pulse width modulation is utilized to drive controller to receive this dividing voltage supply as supply power supply, and to produce a pulse width modulated driving signal；
Utilize this switching transistor to receive this out-put supply, and controlled the switching action of this switching transistor by this pulse width modulated driving signal and produce a charging current；
This charging inductance is utilized to be electrically connected to this switching transistor, in order to receive this charging current, and utilize this charging current that this rechargeable battery cell being electrically connected to this charging inductance carries out this charging operations, this rechargeable battery cell is ground connection through this sensing resistance, and one sensing electric current flow through this sensing resistance, and the cross-pressure of this sensing resistance is a sensing voltage；
This pulse width modulation is utilized to drive controller to receive this sensing voltage, and according to this sensing voltage to regulate a working width of this pulse width modulated driving signal；
This pulse width modulation drives controller to compare working width and a predetermined width of this pulse width modulated driving signal, completes to judge this charging operations whether to reach a charging end point；And
If this working width is more than this predetermined width, then this charging end point is also not up to and this pulse width modulation drives controller persistently to produce this pulse width modulated driving signal, if and this working width is equal to or less than this predetermined width, then this charging end point has reached and this pulse width modulation drives controller to set the working width of this pulse width modulated driving signal as zero, use this switching transistor of closedown and stop providing this charging current to this charging inductance, thus terminate the charging operations to this rechargeable battery cell, wherein this pulse width modulation drives controller to be a microprocessor, use execution one firmware program and control this charging operations.
2. the determination methods of an end point of charging, in order to mat one charging device, one rechargeable battery cell is carried out a charging operations, this charging device includes that a power input unit, a switching transistor, a pulse width modulation drive controller, a charging inductance and a sensing resistance, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Utilize this power input unit to receive from an outside input power, and process through dividing potential drop, filtering and/or rectification and produce a dividing voltage supply and an out-put supply；
This pulse width modulation is utilized to drive controller to receive this dividing voltage supply as supply power supply, and to produce a pulse width modulated driving signal；
Utilize this switching transistor to receive this out-put supply, and controlled the switching action of this switching transistor by this pulse width modulated driving signal and produce a charging current；
Utilize this charging inductance and this sensing resistance of concatenation, this charged electrical is streamed to this rechargeable battery cell, this charging operations is carried out in order to this rechargeable battery cell, and this sensing resistance is coupled between this charging inductance and this rechargeable battery cell, and the terminal voltage of this sensing resistance is a sensing voltage, the one end not being connected with this sensing resistance in this rechargeable battery cell is ground connection；
This pulse width modulation is utilized to drive controller to receive this sensing voltage, and according to this sensing voltage to regulate a working width of this pulse width modulated driving signal；
This pulse width modulation drives controller to compare working width and a predetermined width of this pulse width modulated driving signal, completes to judge this charging operations whether to reach a charging end point；And
If this working width is more than this predetermined width, then this charging end point is also not up to and this pulse width modulation drives controller persistently to produce this pulse width modulated driving signal, if and this working width is equal to or less than this predetermined width, then this charging end point has reached and this pulse width modulation drives controller to set the working width of this pulse width modulated driving signal as zero, use this switching transistor of closedown and stop providing this charging current to this charging inductance, thus terminate the charging operations to this rechargeable battery cell, wherein this pulse width modulation drives controller to be a microprocessor, use execution one firmware program and control this charging operations.
3. determination methods as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that this predetermined width is any number between the 5% to 0.2% of a working cycle of this pulse width modulated driving signal.
4. determination methods as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that this rechargeable battery cell includes being made up of at least one unit rechargeable battery cell and all-in-one-piece one rechargeable battery set through in parallel and/or series connected combination.
5. determination methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that farther include:
Utilize a filter capacitor that the concatenation point of this charging inductance and this rechargeable battery cell is connected to ground connection.
6. determination methods as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that farther include:
Utilize a filter capacitor that the concatenation point of this charging inductance and this sensing resistance is connected to ground connection.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310176161.1A CN104158233B (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2013-05-14 | The determination methods of charging end point |
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| CN201310176161.1A CN104158233B (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2013-05-14 | The determination methods of charging end point |
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| CN104158233B true CN104158233B (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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| CN106972566B (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2019-05-31 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Battery charger and method for charging batteries |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5204611A (en) * | 1991-03-13 | 1993-04-20 | Norvik Technologies Inc. | Charging circuits for rechargeable batteries and cells |
| US5376875A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1994-12-27 | Motorola, Inc. | Battery charger status monitor circuit and method therefor |
| CN101777674A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2010-07-14 | 飞毛腿(福建)电子有限公司 | High-capacity lithium-ion battery backup state managing method |
| TW201138259A (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2011-11-01 | Dynapack Internat Technology Corp | Charging method for rechargeable battery and its charging battery |
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2013
- 2013-05-14 CN CN201310176161.1A patent/CN104158233B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5204611A (en) * | 1991-03-13 | 1993-04-20 | Norvik Technologies Inc. | Charging circuits for rechargeable batteries and cells |
| US5376875A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1994-12-27 | Motorola, Inc. | Battery charger status monitor circuit and method therefor |
| CN101777674A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2010-07-14 | 飞毛腿(福建)电子有限公司 | High-capacity lithium-ion battery backup state managing method |
| TW201138259A (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2011-11-01 | Dynapack Internat Technology Corp | Charging method for rechargeable battery and its charging battery |
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