CN104150986A - Special organic fertilizer for promoting tea tree growth and improving tea leaf quality, and production method thereof - Google Patents
Special organic fertilizer for promoting tea tree growth and improving tea leaf quality, and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150986A CN104150986A CN201410405205.8A CN201410405205A CN104150986A CN 104150986 A CN104150986 A CN 104150986A CN 201410405205 A CN201410405205 A CN 201410405205A CN 104150986 A CN104150986 A CN 104150986A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a special organic fertilizer for promoting tea tree growth and improving tea leaf quality, and a production method thereof. The special organic fertilizer comprises, by weight, 20-50 parts of fresh chicken manure, 40-70 parts of fresh cow dung, 5-30 parts of fresh pig manure, 0.5-2.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.0007-0.0030 parts of aluminum salt, 5-20 parts of an inorganic fertilizer, 0.05-0.25 parts of a decomposing inoculant, and 0.03-0.08 parts of dry poultry manure powder. The method is characterized in that the livestock manure fermentation characteristics are used, and the inorganic aluminum salt is added in the middle stage of high-temperature aerobic fermentation to make inorganic aluminum ions continuously chelated with decomposed organic matters in the decomposing process of compost fermentation and gradually form organic aluminum; and phosphorus added in raw material is chelated with the generation of the decomposed organic matters to form organic phosphorus, so the phosphorus element utilization efficiency is improved, thereby rhizosphere fertilization of tea trees can appropriately increase the content of organic aluminum ions in soil, promote the tea tree growth and improve the tea leaf quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture dedicated fertilizer technical field, specifically a kind ofly can promote growth of tea plant, the fertilizer special for organic that improves tea leaf quality and production method thereof.
Background technology
Tea tree is the sour rich aluminium plant of happiness, only acid and be rich in the soil of aluminium element in could normal growth.Aluminium element is not the necessary nutritive element of growth of tea plant, but aluminium appropriate in rhizosphere soil can significantly promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality---increase the content of tea-polyphenol, trimethyl-xanthine, amino acid, catechin, flavones and soluble sugar in tealeaves, and in rhizosphere soil excessive aluminium can suppress on the contrary tea tree growth, produce aluminium evil, cause tea leaf quality to decline, even produce and poison.
The form of Rhizosphere Soils in Tea Garden Aluminium in Soil has: exchange state aluminium, the hydrous oxide of combination state aluminium, inorganic ADSORPTION STATE aluminium, aluminium and oxyhydroxide, humic acid aluminium.Result of study shows: exchange state aluminium, organically combine state aluminium and the growth of tea tree, the quality of tealeaves is proportionate, but the combination state aluminium that growth of tea plant needs or the amount of exchange state aluminium are also little, excessively can run counter to desire on the contrary, so can only be in Rhizosphere Soils in Tea Garden soil apply fertilizer and add organic combined aluminium and can play promotion growth of tea plant by foreign aid, improve the effect of tea leaf quality.
In current fertilizer special for tea trees, all do not add aluminium element, and tea tree to the demand of aluminium element seldom, and must be to organically combine state aluminium could absorb, also be not suitable for carrying out separately foreign aid's fertilising, only rely on Trace Aluminum element own contained in Rhizosphere Soils in Tea Garden soil also little to the growth-promoting effect of tea tree, therefore, how to produce the fertilizer special for tea trees that contains combination state aluminium and become industry problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly the special growth characteristics for tea tree, provide a kind of and can promote growth of tea plant, the fertilizer special for organic that improves tea leaf quality and production method thereof, fertilizer of the present invention is by add appropriate inorganic aluminium fertilizer and inorganic phosphorus fertilizer in organic fertilizer fermentation process, and make above-mentioned aluminium fertilizer with organic fertilizer fermentation process, organic transformation occur with phosphate fertilizer, becoming the combination state aluminium, the combination state phosphorus that are applicable to tea tree and absorb improves the utilization ratio of fertilizer, thereby plays the object that promotes growth of tea plant, improves tea leaf quality.
A kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality of the present invention, the raw material that comprises following weight parts:
The fresh cow dung 40-70 of fresh chicken manure 20-50
Fresh pig manure 5-30 secondary calcium phosphate 0.5-2.5
Aluminium salt 0.0007-0.0030 inorganic fertilizer 5-20
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder of decomposing microbial inoculum 0.05-0.25 0.03-0.08.
A kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality of the present invention, the raw material that its screening formulation comprises following weight parts:
The fresh cow dung 50-60 of fresh chicken manure 30-40
Fresh pig manure 10-20 secondary calcium phosphate 1-2
Aluminium salt 0.0015-0.0028 inorganic fertilizer 6-15
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder of decomposing microbial inoculum 0.1-0.2 0.04-0.06.
A kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality of the present invention, the raw material that it is most preferably filled a prescription and comprises following weight parts:
The fresh cow dung 55 of fresh chicken manure 35
Fresh pig manure 15 secondary calcium phosphates 1.5
Seven water Tai-Ace S 150 0.0025 inorganic fertilizers 8
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder 0.05 of decomposing microbial inoculum 0.15.
Described fresh chicken manure refers to filtration method and is dried to the chicken manure that water content is 60-70%; Described fresh cow dung refers to milling process and is dried to the cow dung that water content is 50%-60%; The water content of described fresh pig manure is 60-70%.
Described aluminium salt refers to any one in Aluminium chloride hexahydrate or seven hydrazine aluminum sulfates or ANN aluminium nitrate nonahydrate, certainly can also select water-soluble other inorganic aluminates.
Described decomposing microbial inoculum refers to the feces of livestock and poultry special use composite fungus agent that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cellulase activity >=250U/g wherein, proteinase activity >=180U/g.
Described dry feces of livestock and poultry powder refers to and dries or dry to the water content dry cow dung that is 15-30% or any one or a few the powder after crushed of mixture in dried poultrymanure or dry pig manure, and mixture particle diameter generally all can at 1mm-10cm.
Described inorganic fertilizer is one or more in monoammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate, Repone K, and it is also feasible certainly selecting other nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer.
A kind of production method that can promote growth of tea plant, improve the fertilizer special for organic of tea leaf quality of the present invention, is comprised of following step:
(1) batching: fully mix after taking according to quantity fresh chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure and secondary calcium phosphate, regulating material moisture in mixture is 60-65%, and making mixture unit weight is 0.7-0.8g/cm
3, pH is 6.0-7.0, C:N mass ratio is 25～30:1; Decomposing microbial inoculum is evenly inoculated in said mixture and mixture is built to trapezoidal buttress formula fermentation heap and carry out aerobic fermentation;
(2) static fermentation: build heap and pile temperature in latter 24 hours and progressively rise to 50-60 ℃, section starts to occur white hypha point and along with prolongation white hypha dot density and the mycelia thickness of time progressively increases, heap temperature remains on static fermentation at 55-60 ℃, when reaching 3-10cm, finishes mycelia thickness static fermentation, this stage 2-3 days consuming time;
(3) high-temperature aerobic fermentation: after static fermentation finishes along with fermentation continue carry out, heap temperature rise is to 60-70 ℃, now adopt and turn over throwings-pulverizing-aeration integrated machine and turn over throwing 1 time every day, guarantee that leavening temperature is no more than 70 ℃, make material under throwing, carry out the alternately fermentation of middle temperature, high temperature turning over, middle Wen Wendu is 50-60 ℃, high-temperature temperature is 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by yellow, change gradually brown into, foul smell smell finishes while disappearing, this stage 3-5 days consuming time;
(4) high temperature chelating fermentation: aluminium salt is dissolved in suitable quantity of water completely by formula ratio; This aluminium salt solution is fully mixed with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, by 10 times, dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, measure the fermentation materials making in step (3) again, fully mix with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, then utilize turnover throwing machine that the above-mentioned fermentation materials that is mixed with aluminium salt is evenly sneaked in the stacking of step (3), carry out chelating fermentation; In fermenting process, turn over throwing once every day, keeps heap temperature at 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by brown, progressively changes Vandyke brown into, and pH value rises to 7.5-8.0, and moisture is reduced to 45-50%, fermentation ends, this process need 4-7 days;
(5) after-ripening chelating fermentation: the heap temperature after turning over throwing can not be gone up when more than 55-60 ℃ for continuous two days, enter afterripening fermentation, utilize forklift machinery closing heap to become raft to carry out afterripening fermentation, maintain heap temperature at 40-50 ℃, when moisture loss is to 30-45%, finish fermentation, after testing, now in material, organoaluminum constituent content reaches 2-8mg/kg, this stage 15-30 days consuming time;
(6) according to tealeaves, need fertile nutrition, by formula, measure inorganic fertilizer and carry out nutritional supplementation mixing, N-P
2o
5-K
2o total nutrient is controlled at 6-8%, and total nitrogen is controlled at 3-4%, and other indexs are according to the qualified rear packing of NY525-2012 standard test and get final product.
In the present invention, adopt fresh chicken manure, fresh cow dung and fresh pig manure rational proportion, as fermentation basic material, can realize nutrient complementation, material physicochemical character, C/N eurythmy, the Fast Growth of bacterial classification (primer-detonator) that be more suitable for becoming thoroughly decomposed.
The present invention has studied intensively the feature of livestock manure fermented, be chosen in high-temperature aerobic fermentation and add inorganic aluminate mid-term, and this one-phase just feces of livestock and poultry under the biological action of the microbial strains of becoming thoroughly decomposed, be converted in a large number the process of decomposed organic matter, add at this moment aluminium salt, can allow inorganic aluminum ion along with the digest process of compost fermentation constantly and humus organic material matter carry out chelating, progressively form organoaluminum, in conjunction with aluminium, aluminium chelate; In the fermenting process organising at aluminum ion, the phosphoric in the secondary calcium phosphate adding in raw material also carries out chelating along with the generation of humus organic material matter, forms organophosphorus, improves the utilising efficiency (generally, can improve 20%-30%) of phosphoric.Find after deliberation, aluminium can promote the absorption of tea tree to phosphoric, at Rhizosphere Soils in Tea Garden aluminium and phosphorus, has the collaborative effect absorbing, thus in the process that the present invention organises at aluminum ion, carry out the organic transformation of phosphoric simultaneously, thus improve the utilising efficiency of phosphate fertilizer.It is also feasible that the secondary calcium phosphate adding in the present invention replaces with other phosphate fertilizer such as calcium superphosphate.
Simultaneously, the present invention has also carried out the afterripening fermentation that schedules to last 15-30 days (in general organic fertilizer production process, the afterripening fermentation time is 5-10 days) in the fermentation later stage, in this process, the conversion sequestering power of organic substance a little less than, but the sequestering action to aluminum ion, phosphoric still exists, after the fermentation of after-ripening chelating, in fertilizer, the content of organoaluminum reaches 2-8mg/kg, this concentration is just being best suited for the concentration of growth of tea plant, fertilizer lower than this concentration does not have obvious promoter action to growth of tea plant, and the fertilizer that is greater than this concentration can produce aluminium evil to growth of tea plant.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. pair middle and small scale disperses the feces of livestock and poultry that raiser produces to set up dispersion gathering system, be integrated into extensive quick fermentation production technology, throwing-pulverizing-aeration integrated technology is turned in coupling and continuous fermentation process is set up aerobic compost fast fermentation in fixed, significantly promote fermenting speed 50% left and right, reduce auxiliary material usage quantity 50-80%, production cost reduces 20-30% simultaneously;
2. adopt the mixed fermentation of fresh filtration chicken manure+fresh squeezing cow dung+fresh pig manure+secondary calcium phosphate, use the feces of livestock and poultry special use bacterial classification that becomes thoroughly decomposed, in conjunction with turning over throwing-pulverizing-aeration integrated aerobic composting fermentation technology, realize the function that reduces auxiliary material, fast deodorization, fermentation period can be foreshortened to 8-12 days from 15-20 days;
3. in the aerobic composting fermentation middle and later periods, add aluminium salt, disperse to add the aerobic fermentation heap of pliotherm period, through During High-Temperature Composting fermentation in 6-7 days, form the process of fermentation limit, limit chelating, acquisition can significantly promote the tea tree fertilizer special for organic of tealeaves root growth, develops tea tree foster root manure in winter;
4. determined the adding proportion of inorganic aluminate, and utilize the progressively method of dilution, inorganic aluminate is evenly spread in whole fermentation heap, thereby making aluminum ions content in the fertilizer after fermentation is 2-8mg/kg, thereby guarantee that special fertilizer of the present invention only can play promoter action to the growth of tea tree, and can not produce aluminium evil;
5. in raw material, add secondary calcium phosphate, make aluminum ion in the process of organising, carry out the organic transformation of phosphoric simultaneously, utilize the collaborative sorption of Rhizosphere Soils in Tea Garden aluminium and phosphorus, improve the utilising efficiency of phosphate fertilizer.
The present invention utilizes in solid organic castoff compost fermenting process, and high temperature becomes thoroughly decomposed and produces a large amount of organic acid, humic acid, makes a small amount of A1 ion and P element along with the deeply progressively combination of fermentation turnover, by free state, transform combined, organic; From making Rhizosphere Soils in Tea Garden fertilising time can increase in right amount organic aluminum ions content soil, play promotion growth of tea plant, improve the effect of tea leaf quality.Product of the present invention is particularly suitable as tea tree foster root manure in winter and uses.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
By Hubei Province champion's biotechnology Development Co., Ltd, producing the fertilizer special for organic that of the present inventionly can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality is example, explains in detail the present invention, and concrete production process is as follows:
A kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality described in the present embodiment, is comprised of following raw material:
The fresh cow dung 55000kg of fresh chicken manure 35000kg
Fresh pig manure 15000kg secondary calcium phosphate 1500kg
Seven water Tai-Ace S 150 2.5kg inorganic fertilizer 8000kg
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder of decomposing microbial inoculum 150kg 50kg;
Described fresh chicken manure refers to filtration method and is dried to the chicken manure that water content is 60-65%; Described fresh cow dung refers to milling process and is dried to the cow dung that water content is 55%-60%; The water content of described fresh pig manure is 65-70%.
Described decomposing microbial inoculum refers to the feces of livestock and poultry special use composite fungus agent that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cellulase activity >=250U/g wherein, proteinase activity >=180U/g.
Described dry feces of livestock and poultry powder refers to the mixture drying to the water content dry cow dung powder that is 15%+dry to the water content dried poultrymanure powder that is 15%+dry to the water content dry pig manure powder that is 15%, wherein do cow dung powder: dried poultrymanure powder: the mass ratio of dry pig manure powder is 1:1.5:1, mixture particle diameter for generally 1mm-10cm all can, in the present embodiment, be 5mm.
Described inorganic fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate, urea, potassium sulfate.
A kind of production method that can promote growth of tea plant, improve the fertilizer special for organic of tea leaf quality of the present embodiment, is comprised of following step:
(1) batching: fully mix after taking according to quantity fresh chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure and secondary calcium phosphate, regulating material moisture in mixture is 60-65%, and making mixture unit weight is 0.7-0.8g/cm
3, pH is 6.5-7.0, C:N mass ratio is 25～30:1; Decomposing microbial inoculum is evenly inoculated in said mixture and mixture is built to trapezoidal buttress formula fermentation heap and carry out aerobic fermentation; 1 meter of the upper bottom width of described trapezoidal fermentation heap, 3 meters of lower bottom width, heap height is 1.2-1.5 rice;
(2) static fermentation: build heap and pile temperature in latter 24 hours and progressively rise to 50-60 ℃, section starts to occur white hypha point and along with prolongation white hypha dot density and the mycelia thickness of time progressively increases, heap temperature remains on static fermentation at 55-60 ℃, when reaching 8cm, finishes mycelia thickness static fermentation, 3 days consuming time of this stage;
(3) high-temperature aerobic fermentation: after static fermentation finishes along with fermentation continue carry out, heap temperature rise is to 60-70 ℃, now adopt and turn over throwings-pulverizing-aeration integrated turnover throwing machine and turn over throwing 1 time every day, guarantee that leavening temperature is no more than 70 ℃, make material under throwing, carry out the alternately fermentation of middle temperature, high temperature turning over, middle Wen Wendu is 50-60 ℃, high-temperature temperature is 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by yellow, change gradually brown into, foul smell smell finishes while disappearing, 4 days consuming time of this stage;
(4) high temperature chelating fermentation: seven water Tai-Ace S 150 are dissolved in suitable quantity of water completely by formula ratio, this aluminium salt solution is fully mixed with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, by 10 times, dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, measure the fermentation materials making in step (3) again, fully mix with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, then utilize turnover throwing machine that the above-mentioned fermentation materials that is mixed with aluminium salt is evenly sneaked in the stacking of step (3), carry out chelating fermentation; In fermenting process, turn over throwing once every day, keeps heap temperature at 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by brown, progressively changes Vandyke brown into, and pH value rises to 7.8, and moisture is reduced to 45-50%, fermentation ends, this process need 5 days;
(5) after-ripening chelating fermentation: the heap temperature after turning over throwing can not be gone up when more than 55-60 ℃ for continuous two days, enter afterripening fermentation, utilize forklift machinery closing heap to become raft to carry out afterripening fermentation, maintain heap temperature at 40-50 ℃, when moisture loss is to 30-35%, finish fermentation, material gross weight is reduced to 36.8 tons, after testing, now in material, aluminium element content reaches 8mg/kg, 25 days consuming time of this stage;
(6) according to tealeaves, need fertile nutrition, by formula ratio, add inorganic fertilizer and carry out nutritional supplementation mixing, N-P
2o
5-K
2o total nutrient is controlled at 6-8%, and total nitrogen is controlled at 3-4%, and other indexs are according to the qualified rear packing of NY525-2012 standard test and get final product.
The tea tree fertilizer special for organic of producing in the present embodiment and traditional fertilizer and traditional fertilizer are carried out to comparison production test, and situation is as follows:
1. the impact test on tea root growth
1.1 materials and methods
1.1.1. test materials
1, soil conditions, tests during pH=4.0, processes fertilizer and contrast fertilizer, total nutrient=6%, N-P
2o
5-K
2o ratio is consistent.
Process 1: the fertilizer special for tea trees that the present embodiment makes, consumption: 48g/kg soil;
Contrast 1: conventional fertilizer (not containing organic aluminium salt), consumption 48g/kg soil.
2, soil conditions, tests during pH=5.0, processes fertilizer and contrast fertilizer, total nutrient=6%, N-P
2o
5-K
2o ratio is consistent.
Process 2: the fertilizer special for tea trees that the present embodiment makes, consumption: 48g/kg soil;
Contrast 2: conventional fertilizer (not containing organic aluminium salt), consumption 48g/kg soil.
1.1.2 test method
The tea tree fertilizer special for organic (processing) that uses in April, 2012 the present embodiment to produce carries out tea shoot root growth pot experiment with common fertilizer (contrast), 5 leaf ages of seedling age, fertilizing method: rate of fertilizer application mixes with potting soil by consumption described in 1.1.1, after Routine Management, in October, 2012, measure root traits, the results are shown in following table one.
Table one: tea tree fertilizer special for organic of the present invention (processing) and the impact of common fertilizer (contrast) on tea root growth
Testing data by upper table can be found out, the tea tree fertilizer special for organic of the present embodiment is compared with traditional fertilizer and traditional fertilizer, to promoting the root growth effect of tea tree remarkable, traditional fertilizer group and traditional fertilizer group, improved respectively 8% and 23% to the growth of tea shoot root surface area relatively; Tea shoot improving activity of root system is increased and improved respectively 17%, 31%; Illustrate under the same conditions, tea tree fertilizer special for organic of the present invention has very large promoter action to the growth of tea tree.
2. the impact on tea leaf quality
2.1 materials and methods
2.1.1. test materials
1, the comparison test of same field is carried out in soil pH=4.0 o'clock, and soil fertility basal conditions is consistent, and prepartion of land and draining situation are basically identical, processes fertilizer and contrast fertilizer, total nutrient=6%, N-P
2o
5-K
2o ratio is consistent.
Process 1: the fertilizer special for tea trees that the present embodiment makes, consumption 120kg/ mu, row replacement blinding;
Contrast 1: conventional fertilizer (not containing organic aluminium salt), consumption 120kg/ mu.
2, the comparison test of same field is carried out in soil pH=5.0 o'clock, and soil fertility basal conditions is consistent, and prepartion of land and draining situation are basically identical, processes fertilizer and contrast fertilizer, total nutrient=6%, N-P
2o
5-K
2o ratio is consistent.
Process 2: the fertilizer special for tea trees that the present embodiment makes, consumption 120kg/ mu;
Contrast 2: conventional fertilizer (not containing organic aluminium salt), consumption 120kg/ mu, row replacement blinding.
1.1.2 test method
The tea tree fertilizer special for organic that use in November, 2013 (winter) the present embodiment is produced and traditional fertilizer and traditional fertilizer carry out the comparison test fertilising of same field in tea place, Yingshan County, Huanggang City, rate of fertilizer application is pressed the fertilising of consumption described in 2.1.1, fertilizing method: row replacement+earthing; The detection of gathering in April, 2014, the results are shown in following table two.
Table two: tea tree fertilizer special for organic of the present invention (processing) and the impact of common fertilizer (contrast) on tea leaf quality
Testing data by upper table can find out, the tea tree fertilizer special for organic of the present embodiment is compared with traditional fertilizer and traditional fertilizer, and the increase of Tea Polyphenols in Tea, trimethyl-xanthine, catechin, total Soluble Sugar content is had to significant promoter action.
3. conclusion
Testing data by above-mentioned table one and table two can be found out, the fertilizer special for tea trees that the present embodiment is produced has significant promoter action to the root growth of tea tree, simultaneously, increase to Tea Polyphenols in Tea, trimethyl-xanthine, catechin, total Soluble Sugar content also has significant promoter action, shows that tea tree fertilizer special for organic of the present invention has extraordinary effect really to the tea leaf quality lifting of growth of tea plant season.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality of the present embodiment, the raw material that comprises following weight parts:
The fresh cow dung 70 of fresh chicken manure 20
Fresh pig manure 5 secondary calcium phosphates 2.5
Seven water Tai-Ace S 150 0.0007 inorganic fertilizers 20
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder 0.03 of decomposing microbial inoculum 0.05.
Described fresh chicken manure refers to filtration method and is dried to the chicken manure that water content is 65-70%; Described fresh cow dung refers to milling process and is dried to the cow dung that water content is 50%-55%; The water content of described fresh pig manure is 60-65%.
Described decomposing microbial inoculum refers to the feces of livestock and poultry special use composite fungus agent that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cellulase activity >=250U/g wherein, proteinase activity >=180U/g.
Described dry feces of livestock and poultry powder refer to dry to the water content dried poultrymanure powder that is 20% be the mixture preparing of 2:1 in mass ratio with the dry pig manure powder that to dry to water content be 15%.
Described inorganic fertilizer is ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate.
A kind of production method that can promote growth of tea plant, improve the fertilizer special for organic of tea leaf quality of the present embodiment, is comprised of following step:
(1) batching: fully mix after taking according to quantity fresh chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure and secondary calcium phosphate, regulating material moisture in mixture is 60-65%, and making mixture unit weight is 0.7-0.8g/cm
3, pH is 6.0-7.0, C:N mass ratio is 25～30:1; Decomposing microbial inoculum is evenly inoculated in said mixture and mixture is built to trapezoidal buttress formula fermentation heap and carry out aerobic fermentation;
(2) static fermentation: build heap and pile temperature in latter 24 hours and progressively rise to 50-60 ℃, section starts to occur white hypha point and along with prolongation white hypha dot density and the mycelia thickness of time progressively increases, heap temperature remains on static fermentation at 55-60 ℃, when reaching 10cm, finishes mycelia thickness static fermentation, 3 days consuming time of this stage;
(3) high-temperature aerobic fermentation: after static fermentation finishes along with fermentation continue carry out, heap temperature rise is to 60-70 ℃, now adopt and turn over throwings-pulverizing-aeration integrated turnover throwing machine and turn over throwing 1 time every day, guarantee that leavening temperature is no more than 70 ℃, make material under throwing, carry out the alternately fermentation of middle temperature, high temperature turning over, middle Wen Wendu is 50-60 ℃, high-temperature temperature is 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by yellow, change gradually brown into, foul smell smell finishes while disappearing, 3 days consuming time of this stage;
(4) high temperature chelating fermentation: seven water Tai-Ace S 150 are dissolved in suitable quantity of water completely by formula ratio, this aluminium salt solution is fully mixed with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, by 10 times, dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, measure the fermentation materials making in step (3) again, fully mix with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, then utilize turnover throwing machine that the above-mentioned fermentation materials that is mixed with aluminium salt is evenly sneaked in the stacking of step (3), carry out chelating fermentation; In fermenting process, turn over throwing once every day, keeps heap temperature at 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by brown, progressively changes Vandyke brown into, and pH value rises to 7.9, and moisture is reduced to 45-50%, fermentation ends, this process need 4 days;
(5) after-ripening chelating fermentation: the heap temperature after turning over throwing can not be gone up when more than 55-60 ℃ for continuous two days, enter afterripening fermentation, utilize forklift machinery closing heap to become raft to carry out afterripening fermentation, maintain heap temperature at 40-50 ℃, when moisture loss is to 40-45%, finish fermentation, material gross weight is reduced to 50% of raw material gross weight, after testing, now in material, organoaluminum constituent content reaches 3mg/kg, 30 days consuming time of this stage;
(6) according to tealeaves, need fertile nutrition, by formula ratio, add inorganic fertilizer and carry out nutritional supplementation mixing, N-P
2o
5-K
2o total nutrient is controlled at 6-8%, and total nitrogen is controlled at 3-4%, and other indexs are according to the qualified rear packing of NY525-2012 standard test and get final product.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality of the present embodiment, the raw material that comprises following weight parts:
The fresh cow dung 40 of fresh chicken manure 50
Fresh pig manure 30 secondary calcium phosphates 0.5
Nine water aluminum nitrate 0.0030 inorganic fertilizers 5
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder 0.08 of decomposing microbial inoculum 0.25.
Described fresh chicken manure refers to filtration method and is dried to the chicken manure that water content is 62-67%; Described fresh cow dung refers to milling process and is dried to the cow dung that water content is 52%-58%; The water content of described fresh pig manure is 61-66%.
Described decomposing microbial inoculum refers to the feces of livestock and poultry special use composite fungus agent that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cellulase activity >=250U/g wherein, proteinase activity >=180U/g.
Described dry feces of livestock and poultry powder refer to dry to the water content dry cow dung powder that is 20% with dry the mixture of preparing for 1:2 in mass ratio to the water content dried poultrymanure powder that is 15%.
Described inorganic fertilizer is urea, ammonium sulfate, Repone K.
A kind of production method that can promote growth of tea plant, improve the fertilizer special for organic of tea leaf quality of the present embodiment, is comprised of following step:
(1) batching: fully mix after taking according to quantity fresh chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure and secondary calcium phosphate, regulating material moisture in mixture is 60-65%, and making mixture unit weight is 0.7-0.8g/cm
3, pH is 6.0-7.0, C:N mass ratio is 25～30:1; Decomposing microbial inoculum is evenly inoculated in said mixture and mixture is built to trapezoidal buttress formula fermentation heap and carry out aerobic fermentation;
(2) static fermentation: build heap and pile temperature in latter 24 hours and progressively rise to 50-60 ℃, section starts to occur white hypha point and along with prolongation white hypha dot density and the mycelia thickness of time progressively increases, heap temperature remains on static fermentation at 55-60 ℃, when reaching 5cm, finishes mycelia thickness static fermentation, 2 days consuming time of this stage;
(3) high-temperature aerobic fermentation: after static fermentation finishes along with fermentation continue carry out, heap temperature rise is to 60-70 ℃, now adopt and turn over throwings-pulverizing-aeration integrated turnover throwing machine and turn over throwing 1 time every day, guarantee that leavening temperature is no more than 70 ℃, make material under throwing, carry out the alternately fermentation of middle temperature, high temperature turning over, middle Wen Wendu is 50-60 ℃, high-temperature temperature is 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by yellow, change gradually brown into, foul smell smell finishes while disappearing, 5 days consuming time of this stage;
(4) high temperature chelating fermentation: nine water aluminum nitrates are dissolved in suitable quantity of water completely by formula ratio, this aluminium salt solution is fully mixed with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, by 10 times, dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, measure the fermentation materials making in step (3) again, fully mix with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, then utilize turnover throwing machine that the above-mentioned fermentation materials that is mixed with aluminium salt is evenly sneaked in the stacking of step (3), carry out chelating fermentation; In fermenting process, turn over throwing once every day, keeps heap temperature at 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by brown, progressively changes Vandyke brown into, and pH value rises to 7.6, and moisture is reduced to 45-50%, fermentation ends, this process need 6 days;
(5) after-ripening chelating fermentation: the heap temperature after turning over throwing can not be gone up when more than 55-60 ℃ for continuous two days, enter afterripening fermentation, utilize forklift machinery closing heap to become raft to carry out afterripening fermentation, maintain heap temperature at 40-50 ℃, when moisture loss is to 35-40%, finish fermentation, after testing, now in material, organoaluminum constituent content reaches 6mg/kg, 20 days consuming time of this stage;
(6) according to tealeaves, need fertile nutrition, add appropriate inorganic fertilizer and carry out nutritional supplementation mixing, N-P
2o
5-K
2o total nutrient is controlled at 6-8%, and total nitrogen is controlled at 3-4%, and other indexs are according to the qualified rear packing of NY525-2012 standard test and get final product.
Embodiment 4
A kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality of the present embodiment, the raw material that comprises following weight parts:
The fresh cow dung 60 of fresh chicken manure 30
Fresh pig manure 10 secondary calcium phosphates 2
Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate 0.0015 inorganic fertilizer 15
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder 0.06 of decomposing microbial inoculum 0.1.
Described fresh chicken manure refers to filtration method and is dried to the chicken manure that water content is 63-69%; Described fresh cow dung refers to milling process and is dried to the cow dung that water content is 54%-60%; The water content of described fresh pig manure is 65-70%.
Described decomposing microbial inoculum refers to the feces of livestock and poultry special use composite fungus agent that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cellulase activity >=250U/g wherein, proteinase activity >=180U/g.
Described dry feces of livestock and poultry powder refers to the dry pig manure powder that to dry to water content be 30%.
Described inorganic fertilizer is urea, potassium primary phosphate.
A kind of production method that can promote growth of tea plant, improve the fertilizer special for organic of tea leaf quality of the present embodiment, is comprised of following step:
(1) batching: fully mix after taking according to quantity fresh chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure and secondary calcium phosphate, regulating material moisture in mixture is 60-65%, and mixture unit weight is 0.7-0.8g/cm
3, pH is 6.0-7.0, C:N mass ratio is 25～30:1; Decomposing microbial inoculum is evenly inoculated in said mixture and mixture is built to trapezoidal buttress formula fermentation heap and carry out aerobic fermentation;
(2) static fermentation: build heap and pile temperature in latter 24 hours and progressively rise to 50-60 ℃, section starts to occur white hypha point and along with prolongation white hypha dot density and the mycelia thickness of time progressively increases, heap temperature remains on static fermentation at 55-60 ℃, when reaching 7cm, finishes mycelia thickness static fermentation, 3 days consuming time of this stage;
(3) high-temperature aerobic fermentation: after static fermentation finishes along with fermentation continue carry out, heap temperature rise is to 60-70 ℃, now adopt and turn over throwings-pulverizing-aeration integrated turnover throwing machine and turn over throwing 1 time every day, guarantee that leavening temperature is no more than 70 ℃, make material under throwing, carry out the alternately fermentation of middle temperature, high temperature turning over, middle Wen Wendu is 50-60 ℃, high-temperature temperature is 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by yellow, change gradually brown into, foul smell smell finishes while disappearing, 5 days consuming time of this stage;
(4) high temperature chelating fermentation: aluminium salt is dissolved in suitable quantity of water completely by formula ratio, this aluminium salt solution is fully mixed with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, by 10 times, dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, measure the fermentation materials making in step (3) again, fully mix with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, then utilize turnover throwing machine that the above-mentioned fermentation materials that is mixed with aluminium salt is evenly sneaked in the stacking of step (3), carry out chelating fermentation; In fermenting process, turn over throwing once every day, keeps heap temperature at 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by brown, progressively changes Vandyke brown into, and pH value rises to 7.9, and moisture is reduced to 45-50%, fermentation ends, this process need 6 days;
(5) after-ripening chelating fermentation: the heap temperature after turning over throwing can not be gone up when more than 55-60 ℃ for continuous two days, enter afterripening fermentation, utilize forklift machinery closing heap to become raft to carry out afterripening fermentation, maintain heap temperature at 40-50 ℃, when moisture loss is to 38-43%, finish fermentation, now material gross weight is reduced to 40% of raw material gross weight, after testing, now in material, organoaluminum constituent content reaches 4mg/kg, 15 days consuming time of this stage;
(6) according to tealeaves, need fertile nutrition, by formula ratio, add inorganic fertilizer and carry out nutritional supplementation mixing, N-P
2o
5-K
2o total nutrient is controlled at 6-8%, and total nitrogen is controlled at 3-4%, and other indexs are according to the qualified rear packing of NY525-2012 standard test and get final product.
Embodiment 5
A kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality of the present embodiment, the raw material that comprises following weight parts:
The fresh cow dung 50 of fresh chicken manure 40
Fresh pig manure 20 secondary calcium phosphates 1
Nine water aluminum nitrate 0.0028 inorganic fertilizers 11
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder 0.04 of decomposing microbial inoculum 0.2.
Described fresh chicken manure refers to filtration method and is dried to the chicken manure that water content is 65-70%; Described fresh cow dung refers to milling process and is dried to the cow dung that water content is 55%-60%; The water content of described fresh pig manure is 54-70%.
Described decomposing microbial inoculum refers to the feces of livestock and poultry special use composite fungus agent that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cellulase activity >=250U/g wherein, proteinase activity >=180U/g.
Described dry feces of livestock and poultry powder refers to the dry cow dung powder that to dry to water content be 20%.
Described inorganic fertilizer is urea, ammonium sulfate, Repone K.
A kind of production method that can promote growth of tea plant, improve the fertilizer special for organic of tea leaf quality of the present embodiment, is comprised of following step:
(1) batching: fully mix after taking according to quantity fresh chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure and secondary calcium phosphate, regulating material moisture in mixture is 60-65%, and mixture unit weight is 0.7-0.8g/cm
3, pH is 6.0-7.0, C:N mass ratio is 25～30:1; Decomposing microbial inoculum is evenly inoculated in said mixture and mixture is built to trapezoidal buttress formula fermentation heap and carry out aerobic fermentation;
(2) static fermentation: build heap and pile temperature in latter 24 hours and progressively rise to 50-60 ℃, section starts to occur white hypha point and along with prolongation white hypha dot density and the mycelia thickness of time progressively increases, heap temperature remains on static fermentation at 55-60 ℃, when reaching 3cm, finishes mycelia thickness static fermentation, 2 days consuming time of this stage;
(3) high-temperature aerobic fermentation: after static fermentation finishes along with fermentation continue carry out, heap temperature rise is to 60-70 ℃, now adopt and turn over throwings-pulverizing-aeration integrated machine and turn over throwing 1 time every day, guarantee that leavening temperature is no more than 70 ℃, make material under throwing, carry out the alternately fermentation of middle temperature, high temperature turning over, middle Wen Wendu is 50-60 ℃, high-temperature temperature is 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by yellow, change gradually brown into, foul smell smell finishes while disappearing, 5 days consuming time of this stage;
(4) high temperature chelating fermentation: nine water aluminum nitrates are dissolved in suitable quantity of water completely by formula ratio, this aluminium salt solution is fully mixed with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, by 10 times, dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, measure the fermentation materials making in step (3) again, fully mix with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, then utilize turnover throwing machine that the above-mentioned fermentation materials that is mixed with aluminium salt is evenly sneaked in the stacking of step (3), carry out chelating fermentation; In fermenting process, turn over throwing once every day, keeps heap temperature at 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by brown, progressively changes Vandyke brown into, and pH value rises to 8.0, and moisture is reduced to 45-50%, fermentation ends, this process need 7 days;
(5) after-ripening chelating fermentation: the heap temperature after turning over throwing can not be gone up when more than 55-60 ℃ for continuous two days, enter afterripening fermentation, utilize forklift machinery closing heap to become raft to carry out afterripening fermentation, maintain heap temperature at 40-50 ℃, when moisture loss is to 33-38%, finish fermentation, now material gross weight is reduced to 38% of raw material gross weight, after testing, now in material, organoaluminum constituent content reaches 5mg/kg, 22 days consuming time of this stage;
(6) according to tealeaves, need fertile nutrition, by formula ratio, add inorganic fertilizer and carry out nutritional supplementation mixing, N-P
2o
5-K
2o total nutrient is controlled at 6-8%, and total nitrogen is controlled at 3-4%, and other indexs are according to the qualified rear packing of NY525-2012 standard test and get final product.
The tea tree fertilizer special for organic of producing in above-described embodiment 1-embodiment 5 is carried out to production test for tea place, the Yingshan Mountains, Huanggang City, Hubei Province, find that the tea tree fertilizer special for organic of producing in embodiment 1 is the most obvious to growth of tea plant and tea leaf quality lifting effect, in other embodiment, fertilizer is embodiment 3 > embodiment 5 > embodiment 4 > embodiment 2 to the effect of growth of tea plant and tea leaf quality lifting successively, explanation is in fertilizer special for tea trees, the content of organoaluminum element is in the content range of 2-8mg/kg, the content of growth of tea plant and tea leaf quality and organoaluminum element is proportionate, be when in tea tree fertilizer special for organic, organoaluminum constituent content is 8mg/kg, utilize most growth of tea plant and tea leaf quality to promote.
Claims (9)
1. can promote growth of tea plant, improve the fertilizer special for organic of tea leaf quality, it is characterized in that the raw material that comprises following weight parts:
The fresh cow dung 40-70 of fresh chicken manure 20-50
Fresh pig manure 5-30 secondary calcium phosphate 0.5-2.5
Aluminium salt 0.0007-0.0030 inorganic fertilizer 5-20
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder of decomposing microbial inoculum 0.05-0.25 0.03-0.08.
2. can promote growth of tea plant, improve the fertilizer special for organic of tea leaf quality, it is characterized in that the raw material that comprises following weight parts:
The fresh cow dung 50-60 of fresh chicken manure 30-40
Fresh pig manure 10-20 secondary calcium phosphate 1-2
Aluminium salt 0.0015-0.0028 inorganic fertilizer 6-15
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder of decomposing microbial inoculum 0.1-0.2 0.04-0.06.
3. a kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that the raw material that comprises following weight parts:
The fresh cow dung 55 of fresh chicken manure 35
Fresh pig manure 15 secondary calcium phosphates 1.5
Seven water Tai-Ace S 150 0.0025 inorganic fertilizers 8
The dry feces of livestock and poultry powder 0.05 of decomposing microbial inoculum 0.15.
4. according to a kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described fresh chicken manure refers to filtration method and is dried to the chicken manure that water content is 60-70%; Described fresh cow dung refers to milling process and is dried to the cow dung that water content is 50%-60%; The water content of described fresh pig manure is 60-70%.
5. according to a kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described aluminium salt refers to any one in Aluminium chloride hexahydrate or seven hydrazine aluminum sulfates or ANN aluminium nitrate nonahydrate.
6. according to a kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described decomposing microbial inoculum refers to the feces of livestock and poultry special use composite fungus agent that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cellulase activity >=250U/g wherein, proteinase activity >=180U/g.
7. according to a kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described dry feces of livestock and poultry powder refers to and dries or dry to the water content dry cow dung that is 15-30% or any one or a few the powder after crushed of mixture in dried poultrymanure or dry pig manure.
8. according to a kind of fertilizer special for organic that can promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described inorganic fertilizer is one or more in monoammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate, Repone K.
9. a kind of production method that can promote growth of tea plant, improve the fertilizer special for organic of tea leaf quality as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that being comprised of following step:
(1) batching: fully mix after taking according to quantity fresh chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure and secondary calcium phosphate, regulating material moisture in mixture is 60-65%, and the unit weight that makes mixture is 0.7-0.8g/cm
3, pH is 6.0-7.0, C:N mass ratio is 25～30:1; Decomposing microbial inoculum is evenly inoculated in said mixture and mixture is built to trapezoidal buttress formula fermentation heap and carry out aerobic fermentation;
(2) static fermentation: build heap and pile temperature in latter 24 hours and progressively rise to 50-60 ℃, section starts to occur white hypha point and along with prolongation white hypha dot density and the mycelia thickness of time progressively increases, heap temperature remains on static fermentation at 55-60 ℃, when reaching 3-10cm, finishes mycelia thickness static fermentation, this stage 2-3 days consuming time;
(3) high-temperature aerobic fermentation: after static fermentation finishes along with fermentation continue carry out, heap temperature rise is to 60-70 ℃, now adopt and turn over throwings-pulverizing-aeration integrated machine and turn over throwing 1 time every day, guarantee that leavening temperature is no more than 70 ℃, make material under throwing, carry out the alternately fermentation of middle temperature, high temperature turning over, middle Wen Wendu is 50-60 ℃, high-temperature temperature is 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by yellow, change gradually brown into, foul smell smell finishes while disappearing, this stage 3-5 days consuming time;
(4) high temperature chelating fermentation: aluminium salt is dissolved in suitable quantity of water completely by formula ratio; This aluminium salt solution is fully mixed with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, by 10 times, dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, measure the fermentation materials making in step (3) again, fully mix with dry feces of livestock and poultry powder, then utilize turnover throwing machine that the above-mentioned fermentation materials that is mixed with aluminium salt is evenly sneaked in the stacking of step (3), carry out chelating fermentation; In fermenting process, turn over throwing once every day, keeps heap temperature at 60-70 ℃, when fermenting to material color, by brown, progressively changes Vandyke brown into, and pH value rises to 7.5-8.0, and moisture is reduced to 45-50%, fermentation ends, this process need 4-7 days;
(5) after-ripening chelating fermentation: the heap temperature after turning over throwing can not be gone up when more than 55-60 ℃ for continuous two days, enter afterripening fermentation, utilize forklift machinery closing heap to become raft to carry out afterripening fermentation, maintain heap temperature at 40-50 ℃, when moisture loss is to 30-45%, finish fermentation, after testing, now in material, the content of organoaluminum element reaches 2-8mg/kg, this stage 15-30 days consuming time;
(6) according to tealeaves, need fertile nutrition, by formula, measure inorganic fertilizer and carry out nutritional supplementation mixing, N-P
2o
5-K
2o total nutrient is controlled at 6-8%, and total nitrogen is controlled at 3-4%, and other indexs are according to the qualified rear packing of NY525-2012 standard test and get final product.
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| CN110776362A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-11 | 顾竞明 | Special fertilizer for tea trees |
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Address after: 438200, No. 86, Yanhe Road, Qingquan Town, Xishui County, Huanggang, Hubei Patentee after: Hubei champion bio Polytron Technologies Inc Address before: 438200, No. 86, Yanhe Road, Qingquan Town, Xishui County, Huanggang, Hubei Patentee before: HUBEI GUANJUN BIOTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. |
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