CN103728276A - Micro optical fiber hydrogen sensing system - Google Patents
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- CN103728276A CN103728276A CN201310734072.4A CN201310734072A CN103728276A CN 103728276 A CN103728276 A CN 103728276A CN 201310734072 A CN201310734072 A CN 201310734072A CN 103728276 A CN103728276 A CN 103728276A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micro optical fiber hydrogen sensing system. The micro optical fiber hydrogen sensing system comprises a wideband light source (1), a 3dB optical fiber coupler (2), a wavelength demodulation instrument (3), a single-mode optical fiber (5) and a sensing head, wherein the wideband light source (1) is connected with one end of the 3dB optical fiber coupler (2), another two ends of the 3dB optical fiber coupler (2) are respectively connected with the wavelength demodulation instrument (3) and the single-mode optical fiber (5), the other end of the single-mode optical fiber (5) is connected with the sensing head. The sensing head comprises the single-mode optical fiber (5) and a hollow-core optical fiber (4) which are connected together in a welding way, one end of the hollow-core optical fiber (4) is welded with the single-mode optical fiber (5), the other end of the hollow-core optical fiber (4) is open, and the surface of the open end of the hollow-core optical fiber (4) is coated with a layer of palladium membrane (6). The micro optical fiber hydrogen sensing system has features of simple production, convenience in use, and high sensitivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical fiber sensing technology, be specifically related to a kind of mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system based on optical fiber technology.
Background technology
Hydrogen is considered to a kind of free of contamination energy, traditional fuel shows many superiority relatively, more and more receive people's concern, and be also widely used in the industry such as aviation, chemical industry, boats and ships, but in the ordinary course of things, be solid-state hydrogen or liquid be all volatile, inflammable, explosive.In room temperature and normal atmosphere, depress, when the density of hydrogen of revealing in air reaches 4%-74.2%, it is inflammable that air just becomes, thereby cause explosion danger, therefore develops one and have that essential safety is reliable, highly sensitive, hydrogen sensor-based system is particularly important cheaply.
In addition, hydrogen also may cause the corrosion of metal material, also easily produces blast, the safety that jeopardizes whole product and personnel during excessive concentration.Hydrogen sensor-based system mainly contains the polytypes such as semi-conductor type, electrothermic type, optical type, galvanochemistry type, and it respectively has relative merits.In some special environment, as density of hydrogen may reach in the environment of explosion limits, optics hydrogen sensor-based system has advantages of that other sensors are incomparable: (1) security, optics hydrogen sensor-based system is to detect with light signal, do not need heating or electric signal, avoided the possibility of blast; (2) because the common sensitivity of optics hydrogen sensor-based system is higher, therefore be applicable to the online detection of some low concentration high precision atmosphere; (3) can realize remote monitoring, more convenient practicality; (4) can on an optical fiber, realize multiplexedly, reduce system cost; (5) volume is little, and pliability is good, can be wrapped in weapon privileged sites, or be arranged in small space.It is the accumulation in order to prevent hydrogen or the occasion that will utilize hydrogen all needs the content of hydrogen to carry out measurement and monitoring, for this reason, optic-fiber hydrogen sensor based on optical fiber technology can meet safety, real-time online detection simultaneously, not disturb the requirement of test environment, also have that volume is little, lightweight, pliability is good, optical fiber can also resist chemical and rugged environment temperature, without electromagnetic interference (EMI) etc., be suitable for long-range extensive multipoint multiplexing and detect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of miniature optical fiber hydrogen sensor-based system, require this optical fiber hydrogen sensor-based system to have and make simple, the little and highly sensitive feature of volume.
The design concept of hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention:
Fiber F-P cavity is based on two-beam interference principle in wave optics.Optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor comes from the development of optics Fabry Parot interferometer, when a branch of coherent light, injects in F-P chamber, and most of luminous energy carrys out back reflective repeatedly in chamber, forms optical resonance.Free Spectral Range (FSR) is defined as the wavelength interval of the adjacent projections window of various fibre optic interferometers, also be the important parameter of fiber F-P interferometer, for traditional fiber F-P interferometer, establish optical source wavelength λ, F-P chamber is long is L, and the phase differential that light produces at F-P intracavity reflecting is:
Optical source wavelength changes the phase place causing and is changed to:
Phase adjustment range is ±
, wavelength variation range:
Wherein, Δ λ is FSR, and λ is operation wavelength, and n is the refractive index of medium between two F-P catoptrons, and L is its spacing distance, and the chamber of ascending the throne is long.When chamber is long or refractive index changes, the wavelength that spectrum peak is corresponding also will change.
Based on above-mentioned ultimate principle, the technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is taked is:
A kind of mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system, it is characterized in that, described optical fiber hydrogen sensor-based system includes wideband light source, 3dB fiber coupler, wavelength demodulation device, single-mode fiber and sensing head, described wideband light source is connected in one end of 3dB fiber coupler, another two ports of 3dB fiber coupler connect respectively wavelength demodulation device and single-mode fiber, the other end of single-mode fiber connects sensing head, described sensing head includes the single-mode fiber and the hollow-core fiber that are welded together, one end of described hollow-core fiber and single-mode fiber welding, the other end of described hollow-core fiber is open, on the end face of open hollow-core fiber one end, be coated with one deck palladium film.
In mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention, the length of described hollow-core fiber (4) is 30 μ m～150 μ m.
In mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention, the fibre core of described hollow-core fiber (4) is that diameter is the airport of 75 μ m, and the overall diameter of hollow optic fibre (4) is 125 μ m.
In mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention, it is evaporation that Metal Palladium is coated on the upper mode that forms palladium film (6) of hollow-core fiber (4).
In mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention in the manufacturing process of sensing head, first utilize optical fiber splicer by the hollow-core fiber of several centimeter length and single-mode fiber welding, large portion hollow-core fiber is cut, by Metal Palladium evaporation in optical fiber open end, at fiber end face, form one deck palladium film, by single-mode fiber end face and palladium film, form F-P chamber, as hydrogen sensing head.Sensing head is connected with wavelength demodulation device with wideband light source respectively by 3dB fiber coupler, forms whole optical fiber hydrogen sensor-based system.
Through practice, use, mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention has following technical characterstic:
1. due to sensor-based system hollow core optical fiber one end of the present invention and general single mode fiber welding, the other end is open, by the parameter that regulates optical fiber splicer, just can complete making, and therefore manufacture craft is simple in structure.
2. the length approximately 30 μ m-150 μ m of sensor-based system hollow core optical fiber of the present invention, make the advantages such as this sensor has compact conformation, and volume is little, and cost of manufacture is low, can be widely used in various hydrogen monitorings field.
3. the palladium film in sensor-based system of the present invention easily reacts with hydrogen, and with the increase of extraneous density of hydrogen, Metal Palladium and hydrogen generation reversible reaction generation hydrogenation palladium, absorbed the film of hydrogen because expansion also can cause stretching effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure composition schematic diagram of mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of sensing head in mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the end face structure figure of mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system hollow core optical fiber of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention is described in further detail, in the hope of more cheer and bright, understands its structure composition and working method, but can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
As shown in Figure 1, mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention structurally mainly includes wideband light source 1,3dB fiber coupler 2, wavelength demodulation device 3, single-mode fiber 5 and sensing head.
Above-mentioned wideband light source 1 is connected in a port of 3dB fiber coupler 2,3dB fiber coupler 2 has three connectivity ports, two other port of 3dB fiber coupler 2 connects respectively wavelength demodulation device 3, and one end of single-mode fiber 5, and the other end of single-mode fiber 5 connects sensing head.
Shown in the structure composition diagram 2 of sensing head, sensing head includes the single-mode fiber 5 and the hollow-core fiber 4 that are welded together, one end of described hollow-core fiber 4 and single-mode fiber 5 weldings, the other end of described hollow-core fiber 4 is open, on the end face of open hollow-core fiber 4 one end, be coated with one deck palladium film 6, it is evaporation that Metal Palladium is coated on the mode that forms palladium film 6 on hollow-core fiber 4.
In order to meet functional requirement of the present invention, the length range of selecting of above-mentioned hollow-core fiber 4 is 30 μ m～150 μ m, and the fibre core of described hollow-core fiber 4 is that diameter is the airport of 75 μ m, and the overall diameter of hollow optic fibre 4 is 125 μ m.
In a specific embodiment, long hollow-core fiber 4 end faces of 50 μ m apply palladium film 6 that one decks are made by Metal Palladium as sensing head, and the end face structure of hollow-core fiber 4 is as Fig. 3, wherein, and hollow-core fiber overall diameter 125 μ m, hollow diameter 75 μ m.
This device of mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention can be realized hydrogen detection, put forward high-precision gordian technique:
Hollow-core fiber fibre core is the airport of diameter 75 μ m, in this hollow-core fiber and single-mode fiber fusion process, and the parameter of manual adjustments heat sealing machine, hollow-core fiber one end and general single mode fiber welding, the other end is open, and evaporation layer of metal palladium material, forms a small chamber.Utilize the principle of interference of F-P, by wavelength variations, detect the variation of density of hydrogen.Utilize hollow-core fiber self structure to solve the problems such as the complex manufacturing technology of general optical fiber hydrogen sensor-based system, this compact conformation, simple to operate.
When mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system of the present invention is used, when Metal Palladium is exposed in hydrogen, hydrogen molecule can be adsorbed in the surface of palladium, hydrogen molecule can be adsorbed in the surface of palladium, under the effect of palladium atom, hydrogen molecule can be decomposed into hydrogen atom, and hydrogen atom infiltrates into the inside of palladium metal immediately, generate hydride with palladium atomic reaction, thereby palladium is changed in nature in grating constant, conduction property, refractive index etc.The variation of grating constant must cause palladium volume to change, thereby changes the variation of the long L in chamber of F-P, thereby causes the raw drift of interference wave long hair, has realized the detection of density of hydrogen.
Claims (4)
1. a mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system, it is characterized in that, described optical fiber hydrogen sensor-based system includes wideband light source (1), 3dB fiber coupler (2), wavelength demodulation device (3), single-mode fiber (5) and sensing head, described wideband light source (1) is connected in one end of 3dB fiber coupler (2), another two ports of 3dB fiber coupler (2) connect respectively wavelength demodulation device (3) and single-mode fiber (5), the other end of single-mode fiber (5) connects sensing head, described sensing head includes the single-mode fiber (5) and the hollow-core fiber (4) that are welded together, one end of described hollow-core fiber (4) and single-mode fiber (5) welding, the other end of described hollow-core fiber (4) is open, on the end face of open hollow-core fiber (4) one end, be coated with one deck palladium film (6).
2. a kind of mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the length of described hollow-core fiber (4) is 30 μ m～150 μ m.
3. a kind of mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the fibre core of described hollow-core fiber (4) is that diameter is the airport of 75 μ m, and the overall diameter of hollow optic fibre (4) is 125 μ m.
4. a kind of mini optical fibre hydrogen sensor-based system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it is evaporation that Metal Palladium is coated on the upper mode that forms palladium film (6) of hollow-core fiber (4).
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Cited By (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105841840A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 东北大学 | Optical fiber sensor capable of simultaneously measuring hydrogen concentration and temperature |
| CN106895942A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-06-27 | 深圳大学 | The preparation method and preparation facilities of a kind of fiber end face film-type baroceptor |
| CN107064066A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-18 | 中国计量大学 | Amplify the self-calibration technology and device of hydrogen gas sensor based on the double F P verniers of optical fiber microcavity |
| CN108152220A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-12 | 中国计量大学 | The embedded Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor of sensitive membrane based on double C-type micro-cavities |
| CN109444083A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-03-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | A kind of Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor |
| NL2029909B1 (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-06-15 | Univ Jiliang China | SELF-ENCAPSULATED OPTICAL FIBER FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETER TYPE HYDROGEN SENSOR BASED ON Pd/Ag ALLOY FILM |
| NL2032418A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-07-21 | Zhuhai Must Science And Tech Research Institute | Probe-type hydrogen concentration sensor for f-p interferometers based on hollow-core fibers |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105841840A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 东北大学 | Optical fiber sensor capable of simultaneously measuring hydrogen concentration and temperature |
| CN105841840B (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2018-10-26 | 东北大学 | It is a kind of to measure density of hydrogen and the fibre optical sensor of temperature simultaneously |
| CN106895942A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-06-27 | 深圳大学 | The preparation method and preparation facilities of a kind of fiber end face film-type baroceptor |
| CN107064066A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-18 | 中国计量大学 | Amplify the self-calibration technology and device of hydrogen gas sensor based on the double F P verniers of optical fiber microcavity |
| CN107064066B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2023-06-06 | 中国计量大学 | Self-calibration method and device based on optical fiber microcavity double F-P vernier amplification hydrogen sensor |
| CN108152220A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-12 | 中国计量大学 | The embedded Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor of sensitive membrane based on double C-type micro-cavities |
| CN108152220B (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2023-10-13 | 中国计量大学 | Sensitive film embedded optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on double C-shaped miniature cavity |
| CN109444083A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-03-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | A kind of Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor |
| NL2029909B1 (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-06-15 | Univ Jiliang China | SELF-ENCAPSULATED OPTICAL FIBER FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETER TYPE HYDROGEN SENSOR BASED ON Pd/Ag ALLOY FILM |
| NL2032418A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-07-21 | Zhuhai Must Science And Tech Research Institute | Probe-type hydrogen concentration sensor for f-p interferometers based on hollow-core fibers |
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Address after: 314299, Pinghu Jiaxing Economic Development Zone, Zhejiang Province, 988 emerging two road, the first floor of the first floor of the north side of the building Applicant after: Pinghu Bohui Communication Technology Co., Ltd. Applicant after: SHANGHAI BANDWEAVER TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Address before: 314299, Pinghu Jiaxing Economic Development Zone, Zhejiang Province, 988 emerging two road, the first floor of the first floor of the north side of the building Applicant before: Pinghu Bohui Communication Technology Co., Ltd. Applicant before: Shanghai Bohui Communication Technology Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20140416 |