CN103492662A

CN103492662A - Casing end tool

Info

Publication number: CN103492662A
Application number: CN201280020161.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: W·W·金; M·R·瑞斯; S·W·德鲁斯; I·A·柯克; S·比托德
Original assignee: Varel International Ind LLC
Current assignee: Varel International Ind LLC
Priority date: 2011-04-27
Filing date: 2012-04-13
Publication date: 2014-01-01
Also published as: US20110209922A1; CA2832481A1; SG194123A1; EP2702223A2; RU2013152354A; WO2012148704A2; WO2012148704A3; EP2702223A4

Abstract

A casing end tool has a mandrel and a body that is defined by a wall having an outer surface and an inner surface opposite of the outer surface. The body is fabricated from crystalline tungsten powder and a binder material. The inner surface includes a set of raised bosses or land structures. The body includes a plurality of blades on the outer surface. Each blade has a plurality of cutters. Blade channels and cutter channels on the blades enhance fragmentation of the body during drill out of the casing end tool.

Description

The sleeve end instrument

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to drilling well, and relate more specifically to the instrument that drills through that the end of sleeve pipe in well or bushing pipe is used.The present invention relates to be connected to the instrument that drills through (with formation, drilling through the method for instrument) of sleeve pipe or bushing pipe post.In the context of the present invention, term sleeve pipe and bushing pipe are used mutually with exchanging.

Background technology

Drill through technology traditional, comprise that the longitudinal extension post of drilling rod part is fixed to the drill bit that diameter is larger than drilling rod.After the selection section that gets out well is divided, drill string is removed and a kind of diameter is less than the post of the tubular element of well, is called casing string, is placed in well.Then be arranged in casing shoe or the reaming guide shoe of sleeve pipe styletable by downward injection cement process, the annular section between well bore wall and casing string outside is filled up by cement.Due to drill bit complete taking-up from well after drilling through, so drill bit can be to be made by very strong wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, tungsten carbide for example.

In another kind of technology, be designed to solve above-mentioned tradition and drill through poor efficiency relevant to brill under a plurality of wells in technology, be current known Sleeve drill.In this technology, drilling operation adopts a kind of drill bit that is called pipe bit, and it is connected to the end of casing string.Pipe bit not only can bore stratum, can also enter well by the guide sleeves tubing string.The sleeve pipe that makes with cement subsequently is held in place in process, and pipe bit is held in place.Therefore along with forming casing string by pipe bit, well moves in well.So just, eliminate the needs that carry out recovering for one or more time drill string and drill bit after arrival needs the target depth of cement.

In these two kinds of technology, may need additionally to drill through the end degree of depth over casing string.So, the operator must get out sleeve end instrument (footwear or drill bit) and arrive lower floor.The cut drill that above-mentioned situation becomes cutting to make the material of footwear or drill bit by specialized designs usually realizes.So just, caused the development of the sleeve end instrument that more easily gets out.Originally, this ending tool is used the fertile material of aluminium alloys as the cutting structure bearing surface for reamer/reamer nose or ending tool.Recently, the sleeve end instrument of being made by alloy steel starts commercialization and the running priority on sleeve pipe in using custom-designed composite polycrystal-diamond (PDC) drill bit that gets out to be got out, thus that this PDC drill bit carries is extra, independently, the tungsten carbide cutting structure of overexposure realizes getting out.Each aluminium and steel sleeve ending tool for example, by being not the operation manufacture of Infiltration Casting, the steel billet of machined steel.

Operating relevant prior art to sleeve pipe attempts illustrating hereinafter.All lists of references of discussing herein are included in this with the form of quoting.

The U.S. Patent No. 5,373,907 of Weaver discloses a kind of method of making rotary drilling-head.Infiltration matrix casting method known in the art is used in the making of this rotary drilling-head.Hard matrix powder, be mainly tungsten carbide, is loaded in mold.This powder will finally form the main body of drill bit.Soft matrix powder also is loaded in mold, so that, when forming drill bit, soft matrix powder provides groove in the specification of drill bit.This soft matrix powder can be processed in subsequent operation.

The people's such as Strong U.S. Patent No. 6,062,326 discloses a kind of casing shoe/reamer with cutter sweep.This footwear/reamer has groove (blade), and in one embodiment, this groove (blade) carries the PDC cutter along gauge and through instrument nose body.This instrument is disclosed as by the aluminium that can drill through or the non-material that drills through and makes.The nose section is designed to and is hinged to the section segmentation of instrument outside in one embodiment, and the nose section can be released and advance or as the part of cementing operation before cementing like this.

The people's such as Kirk U.S. Patent No. 6,401,820 and 6,659, thus 173 describe and a kind ofly there is strand and divide except the nose body of member and aluminium or kirsite the footwear that allow the nose body to get out.

The U.S. Patent No. 6,443,247 of Wardley is described a kind of sleeve pipe and is drilled through footwear, and its outer part that drills through consists of hard material (as steel), inner by easily drilling through material (as aluminium) formation.It further comprises for radially outward shifting the outer equipment that drills through part.

The U.S. Patent No. 6,848,517 of Wardley is described a kind of bit nozzle that drills through and is used in the drill bit that will get out.

The U.S. Patent No. 7,066,253 of Baker is described a kind of casing shoe or reaming guide shoe, the nose body of its outer main body with the relatively hard material be interlocked and relative soft material.Follow drill bit for getting out the major part of soft material, the shell of soft material is retained in the internal circumference of hard material.

The people's such as McKay U.S. Patent No. 7,096,982 discloses the brill footwear that a kind of main body consists of relatively soft material, and it is provided with the blade of relatively hard material.This blade, normally steel, further be provided with the PDC cutter.When reaching the desired depth drilled through, start shift component and release soft material and make bending blade arrive the sidewall of annular region.Then shift component can get out by following drill bit.McKay is desirable to provide to have enough solid firm blade and drills through the cutting structure supporting mechanism of load with processing.

The people's such as Wheeler U.S. Patent No. 7,117,960 is described a kind of drill bit for drilling through with completion tubular column, and this completion tubular column comprises integrated female without shoulder oilfield well completion tubing string screw thread.Manual is described this drill bit and is made by the material that does not allow drill bit to be drilled through easily.

The U.S. Patent No. 7,216,727 of Wardley describe a kind of by relatively soft material (as aluminium, copper, or brass alloys) form and pipe bit that scribble relatively hard material.The cutter sweep of cutting element comprises thin layer or the cutting element formed by hard material.

The people's such as Oldham U.S. Patent No. 7,395,882nd, " sleeve pipe and bushing pipe drill bit ".This instrument is made in the instruction of this patent, and it has the follow-up drill bit that profile in axial symmetry had a symmetrical outline of respective shaft and processes equably.Also the nozzle that adopts cover is used in instruction, with the gauge part of extending above the cover be connected at instrument.

The people's such as Clark U.S. Patent application No.2007/028972 is " strand that is adapted at moving on sleeve pipe or bushing pipe is except instrument and strand eliminating method ".Profile further statement " ... do not have the main body cover material of blade in allowing to cut incessantly the nose body nose body region outstanding above the nose surface, making strand is the drill bit that can drill through except instrument PDC " are also instructed in axial symmetry in the application of the disclosure.

The people's such as Kirk U.S. Patent No. 6,845,816 instructions are used austempered ductile iron (ADI) for centering device.This material is firmer and gentlier and more can process than steel than aluminium.The ADI material of sale for example, also is provided referring to THDick.

Simultaneously with reference to Baker Hughes (Hughes Christensen) EZ Case Casing Bit System and Weatherford International DrillShoe instrument (the disclosure is included in herein for your guidance) for drilling through with prior art equipment.

Various materials are used to make the main body of pipe bit to promote to get out operation.But aluminium is easy to get out normally softer material and can becomes sticky and cause being difficult to remove from well under the higher power that gets out.It has lower corrosion-resistant and abrasion resistance simultaneously, and can't bear the load level that steel can absorb.In addition, steel is firmer than aluminium, but more be difficult to get out, and tends to damage the cutting element of cut drill, makes and uses same instrument additionally drilling through after getting out more difficult.

Summary of the invention

The present invention illustrates to drill through and twist for sleeve pipe and creeps into or twist the sleeve end instrument removed except/reaming or bushing pipe, and it overcomes many above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art.The advanced person's that these instruments were not put into practice at the sleeve end instrument before adopting design and fabrication technology.Describe preferably, but nonrestrictive pipe bit embodiment.

In an embodiment, the sleeve end tool body is formed by the crystallization tungsten casting of infiltrating the brass adhesive.Steel cylinder can serve as blank known in the art or sleeve pipe axle.Usually blank forms the centerbody of the drill bit of infiltration.Mold is equipped with Production of Crystalline W Powder and metallic cementation, normally monel.Then mold is placed in smelting furnace, by sufficiently high temperature, metallic cementation or jointing material is melted in Production of Crystalline W Powder.The significant advantage of this embodiment is to utilize the casting of oozing for drill bit of existing material, design software, casting method and machine tool.

In an embodiment, the sleeve end instrument is profile in the well-regulated axial symmetry of tool not, and it is inhomogeneous to be that non-axial symmetry boss or convex region pattern form, and (being to be understood that " axial symmetry " refers to " is rendered as around axial symmetry for fluctuating and irregular surface; Perhaps be rendered as cylinder symmetric ").The key here is to increase the number of interrupted score during getting out (by axial symmetry milling/drill bit), thereby presses the central area of drill main body and improve the division during getting out.At least some boss or convex region are in order when using height ECP Extended Capabilities Port cover, to provide and to increase contact and supporting zone.During getting out, ground at first with get out or cut drill contacts, and therefore increase the possibility of fracture and the division of pipe bit.

In certain embodiments, the division during getting out with increase can be cast or cut in each outer foil surface to blade groove and/or cutter groove.Similarly, blind hole drills through or is cast in the surface of sleeve end instrument.In the chamber of these Kong Buhui drivers.Thereby the purpose in these grooves and hole is fracture and the division of the ending tool face during forming the interrupted score spread all over the sleeve end tool-face and breakaway poing and accelerating to get out.For example, the cutter groove formed on the blade of sleeve end instrument can strengthen division so that each cutter more likely is decomposed into independent fragment.

In an embodiment, the sleeve end instrument uses the cutter braced structures.These cutter braced structuress can form or can separately manufacture and exert pressure, bonding or soldering by the fertile material casting.These structures can be by steel, tungsten carbide, and vanadium carbide, the tungsten carbide matrix, the dome super hard abrasive, or can be that the impregnated with diamond section is made.It can be overexposure a little that cutter braced structures main cutter corresponding to it compared, equal sensitization, or underexposed.The cutter braced structures can be identical at distance drill bit center line with its corresponding main cutter radial distance, or in distance far away a little, or near a little distance.

In an embodiment, the sleeve end instrument comprises one or more ports or band cover port.If cover is used, by thin ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, pottery or steel are made and use brass to form hole during casting in the pipe bit main body.Through these, be with the stream of cover ports to improve and clean and drill through the incidence that efficiency reduces the drill main body erosion simultaneously.In an embodiment, thus the port cover can extend in the internal chamber of sleeve end instrument and will corrode the stream zone of action and remove from the inner concave of instrument.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the isometric view of the sleeve end instrument of pipe bit form;

Fig. 2 is the cross section that Fig. 1 pipe bit of cutting tool according to the present invention groove is shown;

Fig. 3 is the cross section of Fig. 1 pipe bit of obtaining from the different piece of the pipe bit with shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 A is the lateral view of an embodiment of the cutter that uses together with Fig. 1 pipe bit;

Fig. 4 B is the lateral view of another embodiment of the cutter that uses together with Fig. 1 pipe bit;

Fig. 5 is the plan view of the inner surface of Fig. 1 pipe bit;

Fig. 6 is the plan view of the Sleeve drill women's head-ornaments of Fig. 1; And

Fig. 7 is the lateral view illustrated according to the cutter of cutter cap of the present disclosure.

The specific embodiment

With reference now to Fig. 1,, it illustrates the isometric view according to the sleeve end instrument of pipe bit 100 forms of embodiment of the present disclosure.Pipe bit 100 has drill main body 101, and it limits bowl-shape or calyculus usually.A plurality of blades 106 form at the external surface of pipe bit 100.Each blade 106 supports a plurality of cutters 108.Thereby the superhard surfaces that each cutter has towards the direction of rotation be roughly the same promotes to drill through when pipe bit 100 is rotated counterclockwise.Blade 106 from the centre rotational axis alignment extension of pipe bit 100 to limit the gauge of drill bit.Pipe bit 100 parts between blade 106 are called as chip area 118, but according to the concrete blade that application can be used any suitable number that drills through.Illustrated embodiment illustrates 4 blades 106 and 4 chip areas 118.The soil removed by cutter 108 moves above well by chip area 118 guiding.

The typical process of osmosis that pipe bit 100 is cast into to matrix bit starts by making tubular blank 103 occupy center in mold.The tubular blank 103 of drill bit is made by steel usually.This steel tubular blank 103 serves as blank known in the art or sleeve pipe axle.Usually, blank forms the centerbody of the drill bit of infiltration.Then original washing powder is added in mold.According to embodiment of the present disclosure, this original washing powder can be Production of Crystalline W Powder.In order in subsequent treatment, to add superhard cutter, thereby graphite inserts is placed in mold and produces gap as the cutter alternative, wherein the PDC cutter is soldered to subsequently drill main body after drill main body 101 forms.

Adhesive alloy is placed on to the top of Production of Crystalline W Powder and spoons solder flux.Adhesive can be monel.Then cover lid on the mold completed.Then at first whole mold preheat and be placed in smelting furnace.When smelting furnace reaches the fusing point of adhesive alloy, make adhesive infiltrate Production of Crystalline W Powder.Form like this substrate casting of drill main body 101, itself and tubular blank 103 is bonding and with its formation integral body.Then remove with speed control and extinguish foundry goods.Once, after cooling, mold comes off and processes subsequently pipe bit 100 from foundry goods.For example, the cutter alternative is removed and prefabricated tungsten carbide PDC cutter is soldered to blade 106.

In this embodiment, the matrix of adhesive and crystallization tungsten can strengthen the nose body of instrument or the resistance to corrosion of face, and drill bit remains machinable, and can split into fragment and come off when getting out.

With reference to figure 2 and 3, wherein each illustrates the varying cross-section of the pipe bit 100 shown in Fig. 1.The inner surface 102 of drill main body 101 and external surface 104 limit the opposite side of the wall that surrounds central whole zone 132.Inner surface 102 is spill normally, and external surface 104 convex normally.Pipe bit 100 also comprises port one 30.If necessary, each port can comprise band cover port one 32.If port cover 132 is for given port 130, cover can be made by thin-walled tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, pottery or steel.By port one 30(band cover port one 32) fluid flow and can allow high-efficiency cleaning and drill through the incidence that simultaneously reduces drill main body 101 corrosion.In an embodiment, thus port cover 132 can extend in the interior space 134 of sleeve end instrument and will corrode the zone of action of flowing and move away from the inner surface 102 of instrument.

In an embodiment, pipe bit 100 does not have rule or symmetrical inner surface 102 profiles, but has the inner surface 102 by the non-axial symmetry pattern of forming of boss 140 or convex region.So just, produce inner surface inhomogeneous, that rise and fall and then form irregular inner surface.The main points of this feature are to increase the quantity of the interrupted score of total drill main body 101 during getting out by milling/drill bit, and described milling/drill bit can have the axial symmetry face contacted with inner surface 102.Non-axial symmetry inner surface 102 will allow to get out the smaller portions of power compression tool drill main body 101, and therefore improves the division of pipe bit 100 during getting out.On the contrary, the external surface 104 of instrument can limit an axisymmetric shape.

In optional embodiment, the inner surface 102 of sleeve end instrument can have axisymmetric interior profile, and it does not preferably mate the axial symmetry face of milling/drill bit.

At least some boss 104 or convex region provide additional functionality, because they are increased in port one 30 places and around the thickness of the drill main body 101 of port one 30.Like this, if use elongated end muzzle 132, can provide and increase contact and supporting zone.For example, port cover 132 can be from boss 140 or convex region are extended at least 1/4 inch on every side.

The external surface 104 of pipe bit 100 also comprises groove, to strengthen the division of pipe bit 100 during getting out.In certain embodiments, blade groove 191 can radially be followed each blade 106 usually.Cutter groove 190 is circumference operation and each cutter 108 on corresponding blade 106 roughly roughly.Cutter groove 190 can cause each cutter 108 to break away from independently from other fragments of drill main body 101.Cutter groove 190 and/or blade groove 191 can cut or cast on blade 106.The cutter groove can be cast in the blade 106 of cutter 108 back, in order to increase the division of pipe bit 100 during getting out.

Each blade 106 can have the vane thickness of the major part that extends beyond drill main body 101.In certain embodiments, the degree of depth of vane thickness is approximately 1/2 inch.In certain embodiments, the degree of depth of blade groove 191 and/or cutter groove 190 can not extend to whole degree of depth of vane thickness.On the contrary, blade 106 can only be partly passed through in the extension of groove.In certain embodiments, groove can extend only about half of blade 106 thickness.Make like this 1/4 inch of vane thickness to be retained in groove.Only partly pass through the thickness of blade 106 by the extension that makes groove, during drilling operation, can reduce or eliminate the generation of blade from the remainder accidental amputation of drill main body 101.

Fig. 1 has adopted several method to the structure of the superhard cutting element of 3 pipe bits 100.For example, polycrystalline diamond (PCD/PDC) cutting element can be connected to casting drill main body 101 subsequently.Typical superhard cutting element is the 13mm(millimeter) diameter and the length of 13mm.This 13mm length be mainly the length of tungsten carbide.

Fig. 4 A illustrates the lateral view for an embodiment of the cutter 108 of Fig. 1 instrument.This stage property, for example, diameter in the scope of 19mm, is for example used shorter tungsten carbide substrate 200(at 8mm, causing whole tool lengths is 8mm, or 5mm, or 3mm).Cutter further comprises diamond layer (platform) 202.

Fig. 4 B illustrates the lateral view for another embodiment of the cutter 108 of Fig. 1 instrument.This cutter also has shorter tungsten carbide substrate 200.Yet if, cutter that need to be longer, shorter tungsten carbide substrate 200 is adhered to optional baseplate material 204(for example steel or vanadium carbide) extra length.The sleeve end instrument that allows like this to be designed to surround the cutter of traditional total length use reduce get out during the cutter of total amount of hard cementing Talide material of contact.

The cutter of Fig. 4 A and 4B can adopt the shallow leaching of part (leach) or the dark diamond layer 202(leached of part referring to, for example, U.S. Patent No. 6,861,098,6,861,137,6,878,447,6,601,662,6,544,308,6,562,462,6,585,064,6,589,640,6,592,985,6,739,214,6,749,033 and 6,797,326, it openly is included in herein for your guidance).In optional embodiment, the cutter of Fig. 4 A and 4B adopts the diamond table 202 leached fully, its by the second high pressure/high temperature (HP/HT) pressing cycle reconnect to substrate 200(referring to, for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,127,923, it openly is included in herein for your guidance).

With reference now to Fig. 5,, it illustrates the plan view of Fig. 1 pipe bit 100.Bowl-shape or the cup-shaped configuration towards inner surface 102 is pointed at visual angle in Fig. 5.Limit for convenience's sake and not, boss 140 is rendered as circle/ellipse usually, because this can take any required form of supporting that the non-axial symmetry pattern on inner surface 102 forms.Fig. 5 further illustrates the platform 140 relevant to the position of each elongated end muzzle 132.As shown in the figure, inner surface 102 also has the one or more boss 140 that do not overlap with port one 30.

With reference now to Fig. 6,, it illustrates the plan view of Fig. 1 pipe bit 100.View in Fig. 6 is seen the face 105 to drill bit 100.Face 105 comprises a plurality of blades 106, and each has helical configuration.It should be noted that blade 106 can be also prismatic blade known in the art.The layout of blade 106 is symmetrical, still is to be understood that and also can uses asymmetric blade configuration.

In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, pipe bit 100 comprises one group of cutter braced structures 170 at least one blade.Referring to, for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,090,492,5,244,039,4,889,017, and 4,823,892, it openly is included in herein for your guidance.Cutter braced structures 170 can be cast the part of crystallization tungsten drill main body 101, or in optional embodiment, and braced structures 170 can be separated or from different material manufactures extruding, bonding or soldering.These structures can be made by steel, ADI, tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, tungsten carbide matrix, crystallization tungsten basal body, dome super hard abrasive, or can be the parts of diamond impregnated.It can be overexposure a little that these cutter braced structuress 170 main cutter corresponding to it compared, equal sensitization, or underexposed.Cutter braced structures 170 can be identical at distance drill bit center line with its corresponding main cutter 108 radial distance, or in distance far away a little, or near a little distance.

In any embodiment of describing in front, drill through or cast one or more holes 200 in the face of pipe bit 100.They can be blind holes, can not extend into the integral body 134 of instrument.Thereby these blind holes 200 can form the interrupted score that spreads all over the ending tool face and breakaway poing accelerate to get out during disengaging and the division of ending tool face.Perhaps, can provide blind hole 200 at inner surface.Band cover port also is shown in Fig. 6.In certain embodiments, port cover 132 can be recessed a little.

With reference now to Fig. 7,, it illustrates the lateral view of cutter 500.The cutter 500 of Fig. 7 can be used in any one of sleeve end instrument (for example pipe bit shown in this paper 100) or multicutter position more.Cutter 500 is furnished with the protective cap 502 of for example, being made by the material that is more suitable for milling machine operation (tungsten carbide or CBN).In this example, the ability that the sleeve end instrument has reinforcement gets out by floatation device or former operation and bonding sleeve end instrument, or both.

In Fig. 7, PDC cutter 500 comprises diamond table layer 504(or diamond face) and the lower laminar substrate 506 made by tungsten carbide material.Lower laminar substrate 506 also can have the shape in Fig. 4 A and 4B.As required, diamond table layer 504 can be non-leaching, shallow leaching, dark leach, or substrate again (resubstrated) is leached fully.

Be to be understood that cap 502 can be installed on PDC cutter 500 in the first embodiment after the PDC cutter is fixed to the cutter bag of drill main body.Perhaps, in the second embodiment, cap 502 was installed on PDC cutter 500 be fixed to the cutter bag of drill main body 101 at the cutter-cap assembly by combination before.Therefore, the first embodiment for example means the renovation of the PDC pipe bit of manufacture is modified into cap is buckled on the required PDC cutter be included cruelly.Contrary, the second embodiment means, for example, new PDC pipe bit is made into and makes to be with cap PDC cutter to be included in select location.

It is the cap that tungsten carbide material is made that Fig. 7 specifically illustrates tungsten carbide cap 502() use.The tungsten carbide material that can comprise high tenacity, low abrasion resistance for the material of cap 502, for example, the tungsten carbide material of the cobalt that comprises the 14-18% scope.Cap 502 can have any required form, and several different shapes and configuration have been discussed in this article.Perhaps, as discussed in detail in this article, cap 502 also can be made by metal (or metal alloy) material.Further, this metal/metal alloy cap 502 can comprise tungsten carbide or CBN tip/end.Cap 502 also can be suitable by other material make (the unrestricted examples of materials for this cap comprises: steel, titanium, nickel and molybdenum).

Cap 502 keeps in position in the PDC cutter by the bonding measure between the substrate 506 of cap and PDC cutter 500.More specifically, the part of cap is adhered to a part or the major part of substrate 506 of the PDC cutter of the installation that is exposed to pipe bit main body outside (that is, the outside of cutter bag).Cap 502 is connected to the PDC cutter in one embodiment, for example uses soldering 508(, tungsten carbide) be connected to substrate 506.The thickness of the brazing material 508 shown in Fig. 7 amplifies, in order to make its position and demonstration more clear.

Preferably, cap 502 not solderings (that is, not being connected) are to the diamond table layer 504 of PDC cutter 500.But the first 510 of the cap above the front of the diamond table layer 504 of PDC cutter 500 only is supported on this face adjacent, and the second portion 512 of the cap of substrate 506 tops is by being adhesively secured to this substrate.In this context, should determine that the PDC diamond is that unavailable standard brazing material soaks (wetable).Importantly 504 of the diamond table of PDC cutter 500 can be protected by cap 502, and cap is not directly bonded to this face.With its soldering of PDC(and be connected to baseplate material) the second portion 512 of the adjacent cap 502 of substrate 506 can further by soldering, in cutter bag back region, be connected to drill main body 101.The first of cap 502 also can arrive cutter bag (more specifically, the cutter bag pedestal of PDC tool face below) by brazing.In certain embodiments, use shorter substrate P DC cutter to increase the cap adhesion area at cutter bag pedestal place.In certain embodiments, the bag pedestal is configured increases the adhesion area that cap can be used in same position.

Some brazing materials 508 can preferably be present between the front of diamond table layer 504 of cap 502 and PDC cutter, but this material is not used in cap is fixed to the diamond table layer.In a preferred embodiment, be adhered to the periphery of inner surface and the PDC diamond layer of the cap adjacent with the diamond table top for the brazing material that cap is soldered to the cutter substrate.This brazing material provides thin cushion coat to transfer to diamond layer while cap for milling sleeve pipe or the equipment relevant to sleeve pipe with the restriction shock loading.Preferred disposition is that cap is not adhered to the diamond table top, for example, because allow like this cap can freely not break away from from cutter when not needing (, after milling machine operation completes).

In optional embodiment, use high-temperature brazing material in LS welding machine known in the art by the cap pre-installation on the PDC cutter.Then use for cutter being soldered to known method for welding in drill bit and temperature and will be in advance be soldered in the cutter bag of drill bit with the PDC cutter of cap.

Pipe bit of the present invention is designed to sleeve pipe to efficient and cost-effective and drills through required expectation and drill through Performance Characteristics and can drill through between ability and carry out balance.For this reason, the present invention mix new technology and reorganization from other drill through instrument but through modification and strengthening to meet unique geometry, gap and will drill through the technology that instrument is arranged on the requirement on sleeve pipe.Sleeve end instrument of the present invention comprises following characteristics: the raising sleeve pipe drills through performance, improves the fraising ability, improves the ability that drills through, and reduce the main body corrosion, and enhancing gets out coming off and rinsing of fragment.

Embodiments of the invention are described in the above and are illustrated.The present invention is not restricted to disclosed embodiment.

Claims

1. a pipe bit comprises:

Axle; And

Be connected to the drill main body of described axle, described drill main body has inner surface and the external surface contrary with described inner surface, and the matrix material that described drill main body is comprised of crystallization tungsten and jointing material in fact forms.

2. pipe bit according to claim 1, wherein said drill main body comprises at least one blade.

3. pipe bit according to claim 2, wherein said blade comprises at least one groove, the degree of depth of this groove is less than described vane thickness.

4. pipe bit according to claim 3, wherein said at least one groove is the blade groove of radially following described blade.

5. pipe bit according to claim 3, wherein said blade comprises a plurality of cutters, each cutter is attached to described blade.

6. pipe bit according to claim 5, wherein each cutter is polycrystal diamond cutter.

7. pipe bit according to claim 5, wherein each cutter comprises the diamond table be arranged on the first material substrate.

8. pipe bit according to claim 5, wherein said blade further comprises a plurality of cutter grooves, each cutter groove circumference extends and its degree of depth is less than described vane thickness.

9. pipe bit according to claim 8, wherein said blade further comprises a plurality of cutter braced structuress, and one of them described cutter groove forms between adjacent described cutter braced structures.

10. pipe bit according to claim 8, it further comprises the cap be arranged on described the first material substrate, wherein said cap is positioned at above described diamond table at least partly, but does not connect described diamond table.

11. pipe bit according to claim 10, wherein said cap is made by tungsten carbide or be take tungsten carbide as end.

12. pipe bit according to claim 1, it further comprises a plurality of blind holes that are formed in described inner surface or described external surface.

13. pipe bit according to claim 1, wherein said jointing material comprises brass.

14. pipe bit according to claim 13, wherein said jointing material comprises nickel-brass alloys.

15. pipe bit according to claim 1, wherein said inner surface comprises a plurality of non-axial symmetry zones that limited by the projection of described inner surface.

16. pipe bit according to claim 15, wherein said projection comprises boss structure or convex region structure.

17. pipe bit according to claim 16, wherein said inner surface is configured in order to getting out operating period, and at first the power that gets out on described inner surface received by described boss structure or described convex region structure.

18. a sleeve end instrument comprises:

Be connected to the tool body of axle, described tool body comprises the face with inner surface, and described face comprises crystallization tungsten basal body material.

19. instrument according to claim 18, wherein said tool body comprises a plurality of blades.

20. instrument according to claim 18, wherein said inner surface comprises a plurality of non-axial symmetry zones that limited by the projection of described inner surface.

21. instrument according to claim 20, wherein said projection comprises boss structure or convex region structure.

22. instrument according to claim 21, wherein said inner surface is configured in order to getting out operating period, and at first the power that gets out on described inner surface received by described boss structure or described convex region structure.

23. instrument according to claim 18, it further comprises a plurality of blades, and each blade supports a plurality of cutter elements and further comprises that the degree of depth is less than at least one cutter groove of described vane thickness.

24. instrument according to claim 23, one in wherein said blade further comprises a plurality of cutter braced structuress, and wherein said cutter groove forms between adjacent described cutter braced structures.

25. instrument according to claim 18, wherein said instrument is a kind of during pipe bit or casing reamer bore.

26. a sleeve end instrument comprises:

Be connected to the main body of axle, described main body has a plurality of blades, and each blade has at least one groove that groove depth is less than described vane thickness.

27. instrument according to claim 26, wherein each blade supports a plurality of cutter elements, and described at least one groove extends along described blade periphery.

28. instrument according to claim 26, wherein said main body comprises inner surface and the external surface contrary with described inner surface, and described inner surface has the non-axial symmetry zone that the projection by described inner surface limits.

29. instrument according to claim 26, wherein said projection comprises boss or convex region structure.

30. instrument according to claim 26, wherein said main body further comprises:

Limit the wall of inner surface and the external surface contrary with described inner surface; And

A plurality of ports that form by described inner surface and described external surface, each port has the thicker zone of periphery of described wall in described drill main body inside.

31. instrument according to claim 30, it further comprises the port cover for each port, and described port is enclosed within top, the thicker zone of described periphery and extends.

32. instrument according to claim 26, wherein said at least one groove is the blade groove of radially following described blade.

33. instrument according to claim 26, wherein said main body comprises the face formed by crystallization tungsten basal body material.