CN103401618A - UWSN transmission method and system - Google Patents

UWSN transmission method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103401618A
CN103401618A CN2013103446058A CN201310344605A CN103401618A CN 103401618 A CN103401618 A CN 103401618A CN 2013103446058 A CN2013103446058 A CN 2013103446058A CN 201310344605 A CN201310344605 A CN 201310344605A CN 103401618 A CN103401618 A CN 103401618A
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packet
destination node
bitmap index
centroid
index
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魏先民
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Abstract

A UWSN (Underwater Wireless Sensor Network) transmission method comprises the following step: a center node sends broadcast to all goal nodes; the total data size of the center node is cut into a plurality of data packets, and sequence numbers are marked on all the data packets sequentially; a bitmap index is preset for each goal node, each bit in the bitmap indexes indicates that whether a data packet is received or not, and after a data packet is received each time, the bitmap indexes are updated according to the sequence number of the data packet; the goal nodes send the bitmap indexes to the center node by a transmission mechanism after the bitmap indexes pass, and the center node sends the data packets that are not contained in the goal nodes in bulk according to the bitmap indexes after receiving the bitmap indexes. Through a distributed algorithm adopting bitmap indexes, the UWSN transmission method is lower in delay and higher in efficiency. Besides, the invention further provides a UWSN transmission device.

Description

Underwater sensor network transmission method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underwater sensor network transmission technology, relate in particular to a kind of underwater sensor network transmission method and system.
Background technology
Underwater sensor network (UWSN) is traditional underwater extension of land sensor network (WSN), has important using value in numerous dual-use fields, such as submarine detection, resource exploration, marine environmental monitoring and disaster alarm etc.Therefore UWSN becomes one of up-to-date in recent years study hotspot.
Yet underwater sensor network compare from traditional sensor network the most significant different be exactly its communication mode: adopt sound wave as signal vehicle.Propagation characteristic and the radio aerial propagation difference of sound wave in water is huge, has caused media interviews in the past to control (MAC) agreement and become unavailable in UWSN.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of underwater sensor network transmission method and system that can be used for underwater sensor network.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of underwater sensor network transmission method, the method comprises the following steps:
Centroid sends broadcasting to each destination node, and each described destination node is measured distance vector own and described Centroid by this broadcast;
Form described destination node cluster structured according to the distance of described destination node and described Centroid;
The total amount of data of described Centroid is cut into a plurality of packets, and each packet is marking serial numbers successively;
Described each destination node is preset a bitmap index, and whether the packet of each bit representation in described bitmap index receives, and after receiving a packet, according to the sequence number of packet, upgrades described bitmap index at every turn;
Each described destination node sends to described Centroid with described bitmap index by backward transmission mechanism, after described Centroid receives described bitmap index, according to described bitmap index, with the packet Batch sending of described destination node vacancy, give described destination node;
After described destination node is checked through all packets and has all received, finish transmission.
Wherein, in the distance according to described destination node and described Centroid forms cluster structured step with described destination node, adopt LEACH, HEED Algorithm of self-organized clustering, any one algorithm in the virtual geographical network cluster dividing algorithm of GAF or TopDisc Clustering Algorithm.
Wherein, in the distance according to described destination node and described Centroid forms cluster structured step with described destination node, also comprise following substep:
Select the Forward-gateway of leader cluster node and the forward direction bunch head of ordinary node when cluster structured initialization; Described bunch of member node passes to described forward direction bunch head with described bitmap index in the time slot of setting, described forward direction bunch head and described Forward-gateway are being set the described bitmap index of slot transmission to described Centroid.
Wherein, be cut into a plurality of packets in the total amount of data with described Centroid, each packet is successively in the step of marking serial numbers, each packet is with sequence number]～N, described total amount of data is cut into N packet, N=Sp/St, wherein, Sp is the pay(useful) load amount of each described packet, and St is total amount of data.
Wherein, at the default bitmap index of described each destination node, whether the packet of each bit representation in described bitmap index receives, and after receiving a packet at every turn, upgrade in the step of described bitmap index according to the sequence number of packet, if described bitmap index is multistage bitmap index, total progression K meets following relationship:
K=[log 8(N/Sp)], wherein, N is the sum of described packet;
For k level index, its length is N/8 k
Every-individual position of k level index all represents the validity of Mk packet: Mk=8 k-1
The present invention also provides a kind of underwater sensor network transmission system, and it comprises Centroid and destination node,
Described Centroid comprises:
Link block, be used for Centroid and send broadcasting to each destination node, and each described destination node is measured distance vector own and described Centroid by this broadcast;
Administration module, be used for forming described destination node cluster structured according to the distance of described destination node and described Centroid;
Order module, be used for the total amount of data of described Centroid is cut into a plurality of packets, and each packet is marking serial numbers successively;
Described destination node comprises:
Index module, be used for default bitmap index, and whether the packet of each bit representation in described bitmap index receives, and after receiving a packet, according to the sequence number of packet, upgrade described bitmap index at every turn;
Sending module, be used for described bitmap index is sent to described Centroid by backward transmission mechanism, after described Centroid receives described bitmap index, according to described bitmap index, with the packet Batch sending of described destination node vacancy, give described destination node;
Detection module, be used for finishing to transmit after described destination node is checked through all packets and has all received.
Wherein, described administration module adopts LEACH, HEED Algorithm of self-organized clustering, in the virtual geographical network cluster dividing algorithm of GAF or TopDisc Clustering Algorithm arbitrarily-kind of an algorithm forms cluster structured.
Wherein, described administration module also comprises:
Sub-clustering submodule, described sub-clustering submodule are used for selecting the Forward-gateway of leader cluster node and the forward direction bunch head of ordinary node when cluster structured initialization; Described bunch of member node passes to described forward direction bunch head with described bitmap index in the time slot of setting, described forward direction bunch head and described Forward-gateway are being set the described bitmap index of slot transmission to described Centroid.
Wherein, in described order module, each packet is with sequence number 1～N, and described total amount of data is cut into N packet, N=Sp/St, and wherein, Sp is the pay(useful) load amount of each described packet, St is total amount of data.
Wherein, in described index module, if described bitmap index is multistage bitmap index, total progression K meets following relationship:
K=[log 8(N/Sp)], wherein, N is the sum of described packet;
For k level index, its length is N/8 k
Every-individual position of k level index all represents the validity of Mk packet: Mk=8 k-1
Described underwater sensor network transmission method, by adopting the distributed algorithm of bitmap index, does not rely on the scheduling of described Centroid.Compare with the MAC agreement of existing mobile sensor network under water, have lower end-to-end delay, higher network traffics and energy efficiency.
In addition,, by the degree of parallelism of cluster structured raising Internet Transmission, simultaneously can tackle the network topology dynamic change, be applicable to the Dynamic Water lower network that destination node can local motion.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in technical scheme of the present invention, below will the accompanying drawing of required use in execution mode be briefly described, apparent, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the underwater sensor network transmission method that provides of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the module diagram of the underwater sensor network transmission system that provides of first embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.
See also Fig. 1, a kind of underwater sensor network transmission method that first embodiment of the invention provides, the method is applicable to large-scale underwater sensor network application.Described underwater sensor network transmission method comprises the following steps:
Step 101, Centroid sends broadcasting to each destination node, and each described destination node is measured distance vector own and described Centroid by this broadcast.In present embodiment, described Centroid sends broadcasting when initialization.
Step 103, form described destination node cluster structured according to the distance of described destination node and described Centroid.Can adopt LEACH, HEED Algorithm of self-organized clustering in this step, any one algorithm in the virtual geographical network cluster dividing algorithm of GAF or TopDisc Clustering Algorithm forms.In present embodiment, select the Forward-gateway of leader cluster node and the forward direction bunch head of ordinary node when cluster structured initialization; Described bunch of member node passes to described forward direction bunch head with described bitmap index in the time slot of setting, described forward direction bunch head and described Forward-gateway are being set the described bitmap index of slot transmission to described Centroid.Particularly, at first set a dump energy threshold value, then bunch member node that meets the dump energy threshold value is selected on probability ground from described bunch of member node, then with bunch in the height of communication cost compete and produce final described forward direction bunch head.In it is used bunch, but average Danone is as the standard of communications cost in weighing bunch.
Step 105, be cut into a plurality of packets with the total amount of data of described Centroid, and each packet is marking serial numbers successively.In present embodiment, each packet is with sequence number 1～N, and described total amount of data is cut into N packet, N=Sp/St, and wherein, Sp is the pay(useful) load amount of each described packet, St is total amount of data.
Step 107, described each destination node is preset a bitmap index, and whether the packet of each bit representation in described bitmap index receives, and after receiving a packet, according to the sequence number of packet, upgrades described bitmap index at every turn.In the system of a 8bit byte, need N/8 byte can form-individual bitmap index.In the situation that N is very large, the size of bitmap index can surpass the pay(useful) load Sp of every packet.In the case, can build multistage bitmap index, perhaps described bitmap index is divided into a plurality of concordance lists, perhaps both dual-purposes.If described bitmap index is multistage bitmap index, total progression K meets following relationship:
K=[log 8(N/Sp)], wherein, N is the sum of described packet;
For k level index, its length is N/8 k
Every-individual position of k level index all represents the validity of Mk packet: Mk=8 k-1In present embodiment, the progression k of described bitmap index is no more than 2.
Step 109, each described destination node sends to described Centroid with described bitmap index by backward transmission mechanism, after described Centroid receives described bitmap index, according to described bitmap index, with the packet Batch sending of described destination node vacancy, give described destination node.In present embodiment, a data transfer is comprised of a plurality of iterative cycles.Each iterative cycles is initiated by described destination node: it sends to described Centroid with bitmap index by backward transmission mechanism.After described Centroid receives described bitmap index, according to described bitmap index, with the packet Batch sending of described destination node vacancy, give described destination node.
Step 111, after described destination node is checked through all packets and has all received, finish transmission.In present embodiment, described Centroid sends a tabbing command bag to described destination node.Described destination node receive tabbing command or iterative cycles overtime after, one time iterative cycles namely comes to an end.After described destination node is checked through all packets and has all received, just finish this transmission, otherwise next iterative cycles starts namely.
See also Fig. 2, for first embodiment of the invention provide-kind of underwater sensor network transmission system 100, this underwater sensor network transmission system 100 is used for large-scale underwater sensor network application.Described underwater sensor network transmission system 100 comprises Centroid 10 and destination node 20.Communication between node is multi-hop, needs by sub-clustering so that single-hop communication between node, and the data of a leader cluster node in managing bunch are arranged in every cluster.Certainly, in its execution mode, described Centroid 10 and destination node 20 also can form the underwater sensor network of a single-hop, and described destination node 20 is by arriving described Centroid 10 once jumping.
Described Centroid 10 comprises:
Link block 11, be used for Centroid 10 and send broadcasting to each destination node 20, and each described destination node 20 is measured distance vector own and described Centroid 10 by this broadcast.In present embodiment, described link block 11 sends broadcasting when initialization.
Administration module 12, be used for forming described destination node 20 cluster structured according to described destination node 20 and the distance of described Centroid 10.Described administration module 12 can adopt LEACH, HEED Algorithm of self-organized clustering, and any one algorithm in the virtual geographical network cluster dividing algorithm of GAF or TopDisc Clustering Algorithm forms cluster structured.In the present embodiment, described administration module 12 also comprises sub-clustering submodule 120, and described sub-clustering submodule 120 is used for selecting the Forward-gateway of leader cluster node and the forward direction bunch head of ordinary node when cluster structured initialization; Described bunch of member node passes to described forward direction bunch head with described bitmap index in the time slot of setting, described forward direction bunch head and described Forward-gateway are being set the described bitmap index of slot transmission to described Centroid.Particularly, at first described sub-clustering submodule 120 sets a dump energy threshold value, then bunch member node that meets the dump energy threshold value is selected on probability ground from described bunch of member node, then with bunch in the height of communication cost compete and produce final described forward direction bunch head.In it is used bunch, but average Danone is as the standard of communications cost in weighing bunch.
Order module 13, be used for the total amount of data of described Centroid 10 is cut into a plurality of packets, and each packet is marking serial numbers successively.In present embodiment, in described order module 13, each packet is with sequence number 1～N, and described total amount of data is cut into N packet, N=Sp/St, and wherein, Sp is the pay(useful) load amount of each described packet, St is total amount of data.
Described destination node 20 comprises:
Index module 21, be used for default bitmap index, and whether the packet of each bit representation in described bitmap index receives, and after receiving a packet, according to the sequence number of packet, upgrade described bitmap index at every turn.If described bitmap index is multistage bitmap index, total progression K meets following relationship:
K=[log 8(N/Sp)], wherein, N is the sum of described packet;
For k level index, its length is N/8 k
Every-individual position of k level index all represents the validity of Mk packet: Mk=8 k-1In present embodiment, the progression k of described bitmap index is no more than 2.
Sending module 22, be used for described bitmap index is sent to described Centroid 10 by backward transmission mechanism, after described Centroid 10 receives described bitmap index, according to described bitmap index, with the packet Batch sending of described destination node 20 vacancies, give described destination node 20.In present embodiment, a data transfer is comprised of a plurality of iterative cycles.Each iterative cycles is initiated by described destination node 20: it sends to described Centroid 10 with bitmap index by backward transmission mechanism.After described Centroid 10 receives described bitmap index, according to described bitmap index, with the packet Batch sending of described destination node 20 vacancies, give described destination node 20.
Detection module 23, be used for finishing to transmit after described destination node is checked through all packets and has all received.In present embodiment, described Centroid 10 transmission-individual tabbing command bags are given described destination node 20.Described destination node 20 receive tabbing command or iterative cycles overtime after, one time iterative cycles namely comes to an end.After described destination node 20 is checked through all packets and has all received, just finish this transmission, otherwise next iterative cycles starts namely.
Described underwater sensor network transmission method, by adopting the distributed algorithm of bitmap index, does not rely on the scheduling of described Centroid.Simulation result shows, with the MAC agreement of existing mobile sensor network under water, compares, and has lower end-to-end delay, higher network traffics and energy efficiency.
In addition,, by the degree of parallelism of cluster structured raising Internet Transmission, simultaneously can tackle the network topology dynamic change, be applicable to the Dynamic Water lower network that destination node can local motion.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also are considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. underwater sensor network transmission method, the method comprises the following steps:
Centroid sends broadcasting to each destination node, and each described destination node is measured distance vector own and described Centroid by this broadcast;
Form described destination node cluster structured according to the distance of described destination node and described Centroid;
The total amount of data of described Centroid is cut into a plurality of packets, and each packet is marking serial numbers successively;
Described each destination node is preset a bitmap index, and whether the packet of each bit representation in described bitmap index receives, and after receiving a packet, according to the sequence number of packet, upgrades described bitmap index at every turn;
Each described destination node sends to described Centroid with described bitmap index by backward transmission mechanism, after described Centroid receives described bitmap index, according to described bitmap index, with the packet Batch sending of described destination node vacancy, give described destination node;
After described destination node is checked through all packets and has all received, finish transmission.
2. underwater sensor network transmission method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the distance according to described destination node and described Centroid forms cluster structured step with described destination node, adopt LEACH, HEED Algorithm of self-organized clustering, any one algorithm in the virtual geographical network cluster dividing algorithm of GAF or TopDisc Clustering Algorithm.
3. underwater sensor network transmission method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the distance according to described destination node and described Centroid forms cluster structured step with described destination node, also comprises following substep:
Select the Forward-gateway of leader cluster node and the forward direction bunch head of ordinary node when cluster structured initialization; Described bunch of member node passes to described forward direction bunch head with described bitmap index in the time slot of setting, described forward direction bunch head and described Forward-gateway are being set the described bitmap index of slot transmission to described Centroid.
4. underwater sensor network transmission method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be cut into a plurality of packets in the total amount of data with described Centroid, each packet is successively in the step of marking serial numbers, and each packet is with sequence number 1～N, and described total amount of data is cut into N packet, N=Sp/St, wherein, Sp is the pay(useful) load amount of each described packet, and St is total amount of data.
5. underwater sensor network transmission method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, at the default bitmap index of described each destination node, whether the packet of each bit representation in described bitmap index receives, and after receiving a packet at every turn, upgrade in the step of described bitmap index according to the sequence number of packet, if described bitmap index is multistage bitmap index, total progression K meets following relationship:
K=[log 8(N/Sp)], wherein, N is the sum of described packet;
For k level index, its length is N/8 k
Each represents the validity of Mk packet: Mk=8 k level index k-1
6. underwater sensor network transmission system, it comprises Centroid and destination node,
Described Centroid comprises:
Link block, be used for Centroid and send broadcasting to each destination node, and each described destination node is measured distance vector own and described Centroid by this broadcast;
Administration module, be used for forming described destination node cluster structured according to the distance of described destination node and described Centroid;
Order module, be used for the total amount of data of described Centroid is cut into a plurality of packets, and each packet is marking serial numbers successively;
Described destination node comprises:
Index module, be used for default bitmap index, and whether the packet of each bit representation in described bitmap index receives, and after receiving a packet, according to the sequence number of packet, upgrade described bitmap index at every turn;
Sending module, be used for described bitmap index is sent to described Centroid by backward transmission mechanism, after described Centroid receives described bitmap index, according to described bitmap index, with the packet Batch sending of described destination node vacancy, give described destination node;
Detection module, be used for finishing to transmit after described destination node is checked through all packets and has all received.
7. underwater sensor network transmission system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described administration module adopts LEACH, HEED Algorithm of self-organized clustering, and any one algorithm in the virtual geographical network cluster dividing algorithm of GAF or TopDisc Clustering Algorithm forms cluster structured.
8. underwater sensor network transmission system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described administration module also comprises:
Sub-clustering submodule, described sub-clustering submodule are used for selecting the Forward-gateway of leader cluster node and the forward direction bunch head of ordinary node when cluster structured initialization; Described bunch of member node passes to described forward direction bunch head with described bitmap index in the time slot of setting, described forward direction bunch head and described Forward-gateway are being set the described bitmap index of slot transmission to described Centroid.
9. underwater sensor network transmission system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in described order module, each packet is with sequence number 1～N, described total amount of data is cut into N packet, N=Sp/St, wherein, Sp is the pay(useful) load amount of each described packet, and St is total amount of data.
10. underwater sensor network transmission system according to claim 9, is characterized in that, in described index module, if described bitmap index is multistage bitmap index, total progression K meets following relationship:
K=[log 8(N/Sp)], wherein, N is the sum of described packet;
For k level index, its length is N/8 k
Every-individual position of k level index all represents the validity of Mk packet: Mk=8 k-1
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Application publication date: 20131120