CN103226037A - Method of determining noise measuring point arrangement based on mean deviation - Google Patents

Method of determining noise measuring point arrangement based on mean deviation Download PDF

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CN103226037A
CN103226037A CN2013101224471A CN201310122447A CN103226037A CN 103226037 A CN103226037 A CN 103226037A CN 2013101224471 A CN2013101224471 A CN 2013101224471A CN 201310122447 A CN201310122447 A CN 201310122447A CN 103226037 A CN103226037 A CN 103226037A
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measuring point
noise
mean bias
measuring
mean
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CN103226037B (en
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袁卫平
胡爱华
姜晓敏
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of noise measuring, in particular to a method of noise measuring point arrangement. The method of determining the noise measuring point arrangement based on a mean deviation comprises the steps that a mean deviation threshold of the measuring point arrangement is obtained according to a noise measuring accuracy class; a measuring distance is determined; a measuring surface is obtained; positions and quantity of initial noise measuring points are determined according to the accuracy class and the measuring distance; a mean deviation measured value is calculated according to a noise measuring result; the mean deviation measured value and the mean deviation threshold of the measuring point arrangement are compared; measuring point arrangement completion or measuring point increase is decided; and the measuring points are rearranged until the mean deviation measured value is smaller than or equal to the threshold. The method is used for determining the noise measuring point arrangement based on the mean deviation, so that the measuring uncertainty caused by noise measuring point arrangement factors can be quantified, and can be controlled effectively; and therefore, the uncertainty of a noise sound power level measuring result can meet an uncertainty requirement specified by the corresponding accuracy class.

Description

Determine the method that the noise measuring point is arranged based on mean bias
Technical field
The present invention relates to the noise measurement field, relate in particular to the method that a kind of noise measuring point is arranged.
Background technology
In the standard of existing a series of acoustic sound pressure methods mensuration Sound Power Level of Noise Source, various types of machine and equipments have been included, these basic standards have stipulated to be suitable for the acoustics requirement that varying environment and class of accuracy are measured sound power level down, comprise acoustic condition and instrument, the measuring process that should follow and the installation and the condition of work of tested machine.These standards are not all stipulated the relation of the uncertainty of measurement of noise measuring point layout class of accuracy requirement corresponding with it, just do not have to be quantized and to propose the limit value requirement by the uncertainty of measurement that noise measuring point layout factor causes.
Such as at GB/T 3767-1996(ISO 3744:1994, MOD) be defined among 7.2.2 " additional microphone position on the hemisphere surface measurements " and the 7.3.2 " additional microphone position on the parallelepipedon surface measurements " and need additional microphone position under the following situation:
A) scope of the sound pressure level value that records on the basic microphone position, the dB difference between the promptly the highest and minimum sound pressure level surpasses basic measuring point number;
B) the sound source radiation noise has very strong directive property;
C) big sound source, its noise only a very little part by sound source to external radiation, the machine of periphery seal opening for example.
In above-mentioned three kinds of situations,, noise measuring point number and uncertainty of measurement are not interrelated, and b though a) regulation on the numerical value is arranged) and c) only be to stipulate qualitatively, do not quantize.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method of determining noise measuring point layout based on mean bias, by under the accuracy of measurement grade of regulation, determine noise measuring point layout based on mean bias, thereby can make the uncertainty of noise sound power level measurement result can satisfy the uncertainty requirement that corresponding class of accuracy is stipulated.
The present invention is achieved in that and a kind ofly determines the method that the noise measuring point is arranged based on mean bias, may further comprise the steps:
A kind ofly determine the method that the noise measuring point is arranged, may further comprise the steps based on mean bias:
Step 1, according to the class of accuracy of the selected noise measurement of the national standard of noise measurement, the maximum interference standard uncertainty of finding the standard uncertainty limit value and except that measuring point is arranged factor, causing according to the class of accuracy of noise measurement by other disturbing factors, combined standard uncertainty limit value, maximum interference standard uncertainty and calculate the standard deviation threshold of the sound pressure level mean value that all microphone position places record by the maximum standard uncertainty that measuring distance causes are called for short the mean bias threshold value;
Step 2, determine that according to the shape of the class of accuracy of noise measurement, benchmark body and position and acoustic enviroment measuring distance is to obtain surface measurements;
Step 3, determine the position and the number of initial noise measuring point, arrange a microphone at each measuring point according to the surface measurements of the class of accuracy of noise measurement and acquisition;
Step 4, carry out noise measurement, according to the numerical evaluation mean bias measured value that measures;
Step 5, comparison mean bias measured value and measuring point are arranged the mean bias threshold value, and select according to following two kinds of situations:
1) the mean bias measured value is less than or equal to the mean bias threshold value, finishes measuring point and arranges;
2) the mean bias measured value then increases the measuring point number and rearranges point position, and return step 2 and measure again greater than the mean bias threshold value, is less than or equal to the mean bias threshold value up to the mean bias measured value, finishes measuring point and arranges.
In the described step 1, calculate the mean bias threshold value
Figure 37716DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, be specially:
Figure 767906DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
In the formula:
Figure 609960DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Standard uncertainty limit value for the class of accuracy correspondence of selected noise measurement;
The maximum interference standard uncertainty that except that measuring point is arranged factor, causes during for noise measurement by other disturbing factors;
The maximum distance criterion uncertainty that causes by measuring distance when arranging for the noise measuring point.
Calculate the mean bias measured value in the described step 4
Figure 632591DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
, be specially:
Figure 455053DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
In the formula:
Figure 784403DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Be surface measurements iThe sound pressure level that individual microphone position place records;
Figure 983304DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
The sound pressure level mean value that records for all microphone position places of surface measurements,
；
Figure 458595DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Number for measuring point.
Described surface measurements is the hemisphere surface measurements, and the concrete method for arranging of measuring point is that the position and the number of initial noise measuring point are arranged according to the national standard or the iso standard of correspondence; When mean bias measured value during greater than the mean bias threshold value, be initial point with the geometric center of hemisphere projection on reflecting surface, drawing a straight line arbitrarily from initial point on reflecting surface is the x axle; Be rotated counterclockwise 90 ° along the x axle and be the y axle; Perpendicular to reflecting surface be the z axle, be the axis Rotate 180 ° measuring point that obtains increasing newly with initial noise measuring point with the z axle, original initial noise measuring point keeps former invariant position, the measuring point that the position coincides is appointed and is got a bit.
Described surface measurements is the rectangular hexahedron surface measurements, the concrete method for arranging of measuring point is, according to the class of accuracy value of noise measurement, measuring distance d, size be than the number k and the amplitude L that successively decreases, position and the number of arranging initial noise measuring point according to the national standard or the iso standard of correspondence; When mean bias measured value during greater than the mean bias threshold value, with L is that amplitude reduces the k value one by one, surface measurements each face except that the bottom surface is separated into equidimension rectangular area unit again and arranges measuring point, fall into the measuring point cancellation of bottom surface, be less than or equal to the mean bias threshold value up to the mean bias measured value.
The present invention is based on mean bias and determine that the method for noise measuring point layout can make the uncertainty of measurement that is caused by noise measuring point layout factor be quantized, the uncertainty of measurement that is caused by measuring point layout factor can be effectively controlled like this, thereby can make the uncertainty of noise sound power level measurement result can satisfy the uncertainty requirement that corresponding class of accuracy is stipulated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the present invention is based on the main synoptic diagram of looking of measuring point layout that mean bias is determined hemisphere surface measurements among the embodiment 1 of the method that the noise measuring point is arranged; Benchmark body sequence number is the measuring point sequence number
Fig. 2 the present invention is based on the measuring point layout schematic top plan view that mean bias is determined hemisphere surface measurements among the embodiment 1 of the method that the noise measuring point is arranged; Benchmark body sequence number is the measuring point sequence number
Among Fig. 1, Fig. 2:
The benchmark body l 1* l 2* l 3(m) be 0.80 * 0.60 * 0.60;
Hemisphere surface measurements radius r(m) be 2.
Fig. 3 the present invention is based on the measuring point initial placement synoptic diagram that mean bias is determined rectangular hexahedron among the embodiment 2 of the method that the noise measuring point is arranged; Sequence number is the measuring point sequence number in the benchmark body
Fig. 4 the present invention is based on mean bias to determine that the measuring point of rectangular hexahedron among the embodiment 2 of the method that the noise measuring point is arranged rearranges synoptic diagram; Sequence number is the measuring point sequence number in the benchmark body
Among Fig. 3, Fig. 4:
The benchmark body l 1* l 2* l 3(m) be 0.80 * 0.60 * 0.60;
The rectangular hexahedron surface measurements L 1* L 2* L 3(m) be 2.80 * 2.60 * 1.60.
Among the figure: 1 surface measurements, 2 benchmark bodies.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's statement, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Embodiment 1
A kind ofly determine the method that the noise measuring point is arranged, may further comprise the steps based on mean bias:
Step 1, according to the class of accuracy of the selected noise measurement of the national standard of noise measurement, the maximum interference standard uncertainty of finding the standard uncertainty limit value and except that measuring point is arranged factor, causing according to the class of accuracy of noise measurement by other disturbing factors, combined standard uncertainty limit value, maximum interference standard uncertainty and calculate the standard deviation threshold of the sound pressure level mean value that all microphone position places record by the maximum standard uncertainty that measuring distance causes are called for short the mean bias threshold value;
Step 2, determine that according to the shape of the class of accuracy of noise measurement, benchmark body 2 and position and acoustic enviroment measuring distance is to obtain surface measurements 1;
Step 3, determine the position and the number of initial noise measuring point, arrange a microphone at each measuring point according to the surface measurements of the class of accuracy of noise measurement and acquisition;
Step 4, carry out noise measurement, according to the numerical evaluation mean bias measured value that measures;
Step 5, comparison mean bias measured value and measuring point are arranged the mean bias threshold value, and select according to following two kinds of situations:
1) the mean bias measured value is less than or equal to the mean bias threshold value, finishes measuring point and arranges;
2) the mean bias measured value then increases the measuring point number and rearranges point position, and return step 2 and measure again greater than the mean bias threshold value, is less than or equal to the mean bias threshold value up to the mean bias measured value, finishes measuring point and arranges.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, in the present embodiment, be that example is carried out noise measuring point layout according to this method with the hemisphere surface measurements.
The noise measurement class of accuracy that step 1, present embodiment are selected for use is 2 grades, referring to the description in " internal combustion engine noise vibration and control " (Wu Yanting, Yuan Wei flat sennit, Beijing: China Machine Press, 1999), corresponding standard uncertainty limit value
Figure 275242DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Be 1.5dB.Theoretical analysis and experimental verification show: the maximum interference standard uncertainty that is caused by other disturbing factors except that measuring point is arranged factor during noise measurement
Figure 12254DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
For
Figure 351618DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
DB, the maximum distance criterion uncertainty that causes by measuring distance when the noise measuring point is arranged
Figure 843779DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Be 0.6dB,
The mean bias threshold value
Figure 85404DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
=0.8(dB), promptly
Figure 173577DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
≤ 0.8(dB).
Step 2, determine that it is 2m that measuring distance is promptly measured radius, the hemisphere surface measurements according to the shape of 2 grades of accuracy, benchmark body 2 and position and acoustic enviroment;
Step 3, according to GB GB/T 3767-1996(ISO 3744:1994, MOD) 7.2.2 " additional microphone position on the hemisphere surface measurements ", on surface measurements, 10 initial noise measuring points are set with the homalographic connection, geometric center with hemisphere projection on reflecting surface is an initial point, and drawing a straight line arbitrarily from initial point on reflecting surface is the x axle; Be rotated counterclockwise 90 ° along the x axle and be the y axle; Perpendicular to reflecting surface be the z axle, r is for measuring radius, the i.e. radius of hemisphere surface measurements; The coordinate position of 10 initial noise measuring points is as shown in table 1 below,
Figure 817048DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Table 1
Step 4, carry out noise measurement, the sound pressure level of 10 initial noise measuring points that record is as shown in table 2 below,
Figure 214532DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Table 2
Calculate=1.20 (dB) according to data substitution formula in the table 2
Step 5, comparison
Figure 943453DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
With
Figure 835317DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, because
Figure 333294DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Figure 167258DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Need to increase measuring point, because surface measurements is the hemisphere surface measurements in the present embodiment, when mean bias measured value during greater than the mean bias threshold value, is the axis Rotate 180 ° measuring point that increases newly that obtains with 10 initial noise measuring points with the z axle, original initial noise measuring point keeps former invariant position, and the measuring point that the position coincides is appointed and got a bit.
So original 10 measuring points keep original position, 10 newly-increased measuring point sequence numbers are that 11 ~ 20 coordinate positions are as shown in table 3 below, and the 10th point position overlaps with the 20th point position, gets a bit:
Figure 930946DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
Table 3
Increase the noise measurement of measuring point newly, the sound pressure level of 19 measuring points that record is as shown in table 4 below,
Figure 813451DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Table 4
Calculate according to data substitution formula in the table 4
Figure 228252DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
=0.77 (dB)
Compare once more
Figure 170800DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
With
Figure 418855DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, because
Figure 839472DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
≤
Figure 374358DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, measuring point deploys, and finishes this operation.
Embodiment 2
Shown in Fig. 3,4, in the present embodiment, be that example is carried out noise measuring point layout according to this method with the rectangular hexahedron surface measurements.
The noise measurement class of accuracy that step 1, present embodiment are selected for use is 2 grades, referring to the description in " internal combustion engine noise vibration and control " (Wu Yanting, Yuan Wei flat sennit, Beijing: China Machine Press, 1999), corresponding standard uncertainty limit value
Figure 487808DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Be 1.5dB.Theoretical analysis and experimental verification show: the maximum interference standard uncertainty that is caused by other disturbing factors except that measuring point is arranged factor during noise measurement
Figure 226088DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
For
Figure 450396DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
DB, the maximum distance criterion uncertainty that causes by measuring distance when the noise measuring point is arranged
Figure 574209DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Be 0.6dB;
The mean bias threshold value
Figure 858560DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
=0.8(dB), promptly
Figure 84136DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
≤ 0.8(dB).
Step 2, determine that measuring distance is 1m, the rectangular hexahedron surface measurements according to the shape of 2 grades of accuracy, benchmark body and position and acoustic enviroment.According to GB GB/T 3767-1996(ISO 3744:1994, MOD); Appendix C " microphone array on the parallelepipedon surface measurements ", the size of rectangular hexahedron is 3 than number k maximal value, the amplitude of the successively decreasing L that sets in the present embodiment is 0.5;
Step 3, according to GB GB/T 3767-1996(ISO 3744:1994, MOD); Appendix C " microphone array on the parallelepipedon surface measurements ", rectangular hexahedron each face except that the bottom surface is separated into equidimension rectangular area unit, it is 3.00m that the length of side of rectangular area unit is no more than k*d, on each center of each rectangular area unit and summit, all arrange a measuring point, fall into the measuring point cancellation of bottom surface, amount to 9 measuring points, as shown in Figure 3;
Step 4, carry out noise measurement, the sound pressure level of 9 initial noise measuring points that record is as shown in table 5 below,
Figure 174452DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Table 5
Calculate according to data substitution formula in the table 2
Figure 356035DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
=0.95 (dB)
Step 5, comparison
Figure 358757DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
With , because
Figure 887007DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Figure 188676DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, needing increases measuring point, because surface measurements is a rectangular hexahedron in the present embodiment, is that amplitude will with 0.5 kValue is reduced to 2.5, and surface measurements each face except that the bottom surface is separated into equidimension rectangular area unit again, and it is 2.50m that the length of side of rectangular area unit is no more than 2.5d, and arranges measuring point in former mode again, as shown in Figure 4.Again carry out noise measurement, the sound pressure level of 21 measuring points that record, as shown in table 6 below,
Figure 376948DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
Table 6
Calculate according to data substitution formula in the table 6
Figure 764067DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
=0.57 (dB)
Compare once more
Figure 196185DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
With
Figure 86780DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, because ≤ , measuring point deploys, and finishes this operation.

Claims (5)

1. determine the method that the noise measuring point is arranged based on mean bias for one kind, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, according to the class of accuracy of the selected noise measurement of the national standard of noise measurement, the maximum interference standard uncertainty of finding the standard uncertainty limit value and except that measuring point is arranged factor, causing according to the class of accuracy of noise measurement by other disturbing factors, combined standard uncertainty limit value, maximum interference standard uncertainty and calculate the standard deviation threshold of the sound pressure level mean value that all microphone position places record by the maximum standard uncertainty that measuring distance causes are called for short the mean bias threshold value;
Step 2, determine that according to the shape of the class of accuracy of noise measurement, benchmark body and position and acoustic enviroment measuring distance is to obtain surface measurements;
Step 3, determine the position and the number of initial noise measuring point, arrange a microphone at each measuring point according to the surface measurements of the class of accuracy of noise measurement and acquisition;
Step 4, carry out noise measurement, according to the numerical evaluation mean bias measured value that measures;
Step 5, comparison mean bias measured value and measuring point are arranged the mean bias threshold value, and select according to following two kinds of situations:
The mean bias measured value is less than or equal to the mean bias threshold value, finishes measuring point and arranges;
The mean bias measured value then increases the measuring point number and rearranges point position, and return step 2 and measure again greater than the mean bias threshold value, is less than or equal to the mean bias threshold value up to the mean bias measured value, finishes measuring point and arranges.
2. as claimed in claim 1ly determine the method that the noise measuring point is arranged, it is characterized in that: in the described step 1, calculate the mean bias threshold value based on mean bias
Figure 922999DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, be specially:
Figure 746730DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
In the formula:
Figure 777003DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Standard uncertainty limit value for the class of accuracy correspondence of selected noise measurement;
Figure 873135DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
The maximum interference standard uncertainty that except that measuring point is arranged factor, causes during for noise measurement by other disturbing factors;
Figure 397788DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
The maximum distance criterion uncertainty that causes by measuring distance when arranging for the noise measuring point.
3. as claimed in claim 1ly determine the method that the noise measuring point is arranged, it is characterized in that: calculate the mean bias measured value in the described step 4 based on mean bias , be specially:
Figure 464150DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
In the formula:
Figure 47578DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Be surface measurements iThe sound pressure level that individual microphone position place records;
Figure 110343DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
The sound pressure level mean value that records for all microphone position places of surface measurements,
；
Number for measuring point.
4. the method for determining noise measuring point layout based on mean bias as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described surface measurements is the hemisphere surface measurements, the concrete method for arranging of measuring point is that the position and the number of initial noise measuring point are arranged according to the national standard or the iso standard of correspondence; When mean bias measured value during greater than the mean bias threshold value, be initial point with the geometric center of hemisphere projection on reflecting surface, drawing a straight line arbitrarily from initial point on reflecting surface is the x axle; Be rotated counterclockwise 90 ° along the x axle and be the y axle; Perpendicular to reflecting surface be the z axle, be the axis Rotate 180 ° measuring point that obtains increasing newly with initial noise measuring point with the z axle, original initial noise measuring point keeps former invariant position, the measuring point that the position coincides is appointed and is got a bit.
5. the method for determining noise measuring point layout based on mean bias as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described surface measurements is the rectangular hexahedron surface measurements, the concrete method for arranging of measuring point is, class of accuracy value according to noise measurement, measuring distance d, size be than the number k and the amplitude L that successively decreases, position and the number of arranging initial noise measuring point according to the national standard or the iso standard of correspondence; When mean bias measured value during greater than the mean bias threshold value, with L is that amplitude reduces the k value one by one, surface measurements each face except that the bottom surface is separated into equidimension rectangular area unit again and arranges measuring point, fall into the measuring point cancellation of bottom surface, be less than or equal to the mean bias threshold value up to the mean bias measured value.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106679797A (en) * 2016-11-16 2017-05-17 中国电力科学研究院 Paralleling-reactor sound-shield sound reduction measuring method and device
CN107806928A (en) * 2017-12-14 2018-03-16 中国西电电气股份有限公司 A kind of device and method for testing power capacitor unit noise
CN111426377A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-07-17 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 Layout measurement system for multi-factory-boundary noise continuous monitoring device

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CN101251412A (en) * 2008-04-17 2008-08-27 上海交通大学 Method for rebuilding circulation calm sound source by overlapping spherical wave
CN101922964A (en) * 2010-05-27 2010-12-22 合肥工业大学 Environmental noise monitoring device and method capable of distinguishing noise source direction

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US5574212A (en) * 1995-06-14 1996-11-12 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Automated system and method for testing resolution of ultrasound scanners
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106679797A (en) * 2016-11-16 2017-05-17 中国电力科学研究院 Paralleling-reactor sound-shield sound reduction measuring method and device
CN106679797B (en) * 2016-11-16 2021-04-23 中国电力科学研究院 Method and device for testing sound insulation quantity of sound insulation cover of shunt reactor
CN107806928A (en) * 2017-12-14 2018-03-16 中国西电电气股份有限公司 A kind of device and method for testing power capacitor unit noise
CN111426377A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-07-17 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 Layout measurement system for multi-factory-boundary noise continuous monitoring device

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