CN103190236A - Harmless fertilizing method for improving cotton yield by utilizing drip irrigation cotton under mulch of biogas slurry - Google Patents
Harmless fertilizing method for improving cotton yield by utilizing drip irrigation cotton under mulch of biogas slurry Download PDFInfo
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- CN103190236A CN103190236A CN2013101541984A CN201310154198A CN103190236A CN 103190236 A CN103190236 A CN 103190236A CN 2013101541984 A CN2013101541984 A CN 2013101541984A CN 201310154198 A CN201310154198 A CN 201310154198A CN 103190236 A CN103190236 A CN 103190236A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a harmless fertilizing method for improving cotton yield by utilizing drip irrigation cotton under mulch of biogas slurry. The method is characterized in that the application amounts of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer, potash fertilizer respectively are 300kg/hm<2>, 135kg/hm<2> and 90kg/hm<2>, and the fertilizers respectively are urea (46.4% N), three-ingredient phosphatic fertilizer (46% P) and potassium sulphate (51% K); the phosphatic fertilizer and the potash fertilizer are taken as base fertilizer and applied once, 30% of the nitrogenous fertilizer is taken as the base fertilizer to be applied before seeding, the biogas slurry is taken as base fertilizer to be simultaneously and uniformly spread on farmland surfaces together with chemical fertilizers, soil is immediately turned and raked, and 1-2 days later, drip irrigation belts are laid and film overlaying and seeding are carried out; 70% of the nitrogenous fertilizer is taken additional fertilizer to be respectively applied in a bud period, a flowering period and a blooming period of cotton; and the biogas slurry is taken as additional fertilizer and is applied in a drop irrigation manner. According to the fertilizing method, the resource utilization of the biogas slurry can be realized, the problem of secondary pollution due to the low use rate of the biogas slurry is avoided, and the environment is protected; furthermore, the cotton yield can be improved, the application amount of the chemical fertilizer can be reduced, the production cost can be lowered, and the incomes of farmers are increased; and the fertilizing method is accordant with development requirements of sustainable development, circular economy and ecological agriculture of China.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizing method of organic liquid fertilizer, drip irrigation improves the fertilizing method of output of cotton under the liquid film of a kind of innoxious natural pond specifically.
Background technology
Cotton is one of topmost economic crops of China, is not only the important source material of textile industry, and is the primary raw material of industries such as light industry, chemical industry, medicine and national defence.Therefore, Cotton Production is directly connected to the stable development of national economy, and the raising of output of cotton is our lasting requirement.
For a long time, the raising of output of cotton is the high investment based on nitrogen, and the input of nitrogen mainly is by applying urea to the cotton field.Along with the proposition of Circular Economy Theory and rise and the development of the ecological agriculture, more and more scholars is paid close attention to the research of fertilizer.Natural pond liquid is the residue behind the biogas anaerobic fermentation, it is a kind of organic liquid fertilizer of high-quality, not only contain nutritive element and mineral matter elements such as Na, Ca, Mg, Cl, S, Fe, B, Cu, Zn, Mn and Cr such as abundant N, P, K, but also contain bioactivator, as amino acids, auximone, B family vitamin, antibiotics, degeneration-resistant class material and all kinds of hydrolases etc., these materials are the interior redox reaction of involved in plant body effectively, thereby promote the metabolism of plant corpus organic substance, satisfy plant to the demand of nutriment.Natural pond liquid can be used as fertilizer, feed, biopesticide and cultivate feed liquid.Yet liquid topmost application mode in natural pond still is that as fertilizer sources uses at present.Natural pond liquid is restored in the farmland as the source of manure, not only can avoid natural pond liquid directly to be discharged into surface water eutrophication and the soil salinization that surrounding enviroment cause, but also can reduce the amount of application of chemical fertilizer.
Water resource is the important factor of restriction cotton yield equally.The arid area, under-film drip irrigation is considered to the most effective a kind of irrigation method, and it can not only keep soil aggregate effectively, prevents the loss of moisture deep percolation and the face of land, have simultaneously insulation, soil moisture conservation again and reduce surface evaporation, the effect that improves water use efficiency.Studies show that under-film drip irrigation can provide suitable water, vapour, thermal environment to plant growth, improve crop yield and quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fertilizing method that improves output of cotton, this fertilizing method not only can be applied to the farmland with natural pond liquid resource, reduce the amount of application of chemical fertilizer, reduce production costs, but also can be in conjunction with the advantage of under-film drip irrigation, improve water and fertilizer utilization ratio, improve output of cotton.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
The natural pond liquid that the normal gas producing biogas generating pit is fermented is collected and is transported to the field trial district, gathers natural pond liquid sample and analyzes the content of its quick-acting nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium.
The amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is respectively 300kg/hm
2, 135kg/hm
2And 90kg/hm
2, and used fertilizer is respectively urea (46.4%N), threeflod calcium superphosphate fertilizer (46%P) and potassium sulphate (51%K).Phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer apply as base manure is disposable, and 30% nitrogenous fertilizer applies prior to seeding as base manure, and natural pond liquid is raked as base manure and chemical fertilizer simultaneously and unreasonable like a shrewly equably dig immediately to the field face, lays irrigate band and overlay film, sowing behind 1～2d.70% nitrogenous fertilizer applies as topdressing in cotton bud stage, florescence and bell phase respectively.Natural pond liquid is as topdressing, and the mode of applying is drip irrigation.
Described natural pond liquid is used for drip irrigation, and the biogas generating pit fermentation raw material is pig manure.
Described natural pond liquid is used for drip irrigation, and liquid consumption design in natural pond equates to be principle with nitrogen pool, calculates the amount of application of natural pond liquid according to the content of its quick-acting nitrogen.
Described natural pond liquid is used for drip irrigation, and natural pond liquid filters through post precipitation, and the fertilizer spreading tank of packing into, natural pond liquid and water are used for fertigation through the filter of 80 mesh sieves.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is as topdressing, and the applied amount of flower bud phase, florescence and bell phase nitrogenous fertilizer is respectively 10%, 30% and 30%.
Advantage of the present invention is: the inventive method is applied to the farmland with natural pond liquid resource, and the secondary pollution problem of having avoided natural pond liquid to cause because availability is low has realized the reasonable recycling of waste material, has protected environment; Natural pond liquid is applied to the farmland, has improved output of cotton, has reduced the amount of application of chemical fertilizer, has reduced production cost, has improved peasant's income.The growth requirement that meets China's sustainable development, recycling economy and the ecological agriculture.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with embodiment,
Embodiment 1: drip irrigation is to output of cotton influence test under the liquid film of natural pond
For drip irrigation is to the application effect of cotton under the liquid film of checking natural pond, field experiment is pressed the randomized block experiment design, establishes 6 processing altogether, handles 1: blank (not applying fertilizer); Handle 2: only execute urea; Handle 3: only execute natural pond liquid; Handle 4: 25% of nitrogen pool is provided by natural pond liquid, and residue 75% is provided by urea, is designated as 1/4B+3/4U; Handle 5: 50% of nitrogen pool is provided by natural pond liquid, and residue 50% is provided by urea, is designated as 1/2B+1/2U; Handle 6: 75% of nitrogen pool is provided by natural pond liquid, and residue 25% is provided by urea, is designated as 3/4B+1/4U.Each is handled 3 times and repeats, totally 18 residential quarters, and the area of each residential quarter is 20m
2(4m * 5m).The amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is respectively 300kg/hm
2, 135kg/hm
2And 90kg/hm
2Except blank, all the other are handled prior to seeding threeflod calcium superphosphate fertilizer and potassium sulphate are applied as base manure is disposable, and 30% nitrogenous fertilizer applies as base manure, natural pond liquid is also unreasonable like a shrew to the field face equably simultaneously as base manure and chemical fertilizer, digs immediately, rake, lay irrigate band and overlay film, sowing behind 1～2d.70% nitrogenous fertilizer divides and imposes for three times, and wherein cotton bud stage, florescence and bell phase, the applied amount of nitrogenous fertilizer is respectively 10%, 30% and 30%.Natural pond liquid is as topdressing, and the mode of applying is drip irrigation.
Each treatment effect sees Table 1
Table 1 different disposal is to the influence of output of cotton and formation
Annotate: a, b represent significance of difference P＜0.05
As can be seen from the test results, each processing that applies natural pond liquid is compared with the processing of only executing urea, has all improved the lint yield of cotton, shows that being applied with of natural pond liquid is beneficial to the raising of output of cotton.Natural pond liquid is joined the processing of executing with urea and is compared the more lint yield of results with the processing of only executing natural pond liquid, and significant difference, and wherein 3/4B+1/4U handles (handling 6) unginned cotton and lint yield that results are maximum, is because the bell number of its unit are is maximum, is 173.Handle 6 lint yield respectively than handling 1, handle 2, handle 3, handling 4 and handle 5 volume increase 35.33%, 11.48%, 11.06%, 8.17% and 1.16%.
In sum, drip irrigation improves a lot to the output of cotton under the liquid film of natural pond, and especially natural pond liquid and urea are joined the processing of executing, and its output is significantly higher than the processing of singly executing natural pond liquid and singly executing urea, joins and executes in the processing, and output of cotton increases along with the increase of natural pond liquid amount of application.Therefore, by this fertilizing method of drip irrigation under the liquid film of natural pond, not only can realize the recycling of natural pond liquid, the secondary pollution problem of avoiding natural pond liquid to cause because availability is low, and can also improve output of cotton, reduce the amount of application of chemical fertilizer, reduce production costs, improve peasant's income.
Embodiment 2: drip irrigation is to heavy metal-polluted soil influence test under the liquid film of natural pond
Field experiment is pressed the randomized block experiment design, establishes 3 processing altogether, handles 1: blank (not applying fertilizer); Handle 2: only execute urea; Handle 3: only execute natural pond liquid.Each is handled 3 times and repeats.The amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is respectively 300kg/hm
2, 135kg/hm
2And 90kg/hm
2Except blank, all the other are handled prior to seeding threeflod calcium superphosphate fertilizer and potassium sulphate are applied as base manure is disposable, and 30% nitrogenous fertilizer applies as base manure, natural pond liquid is also unreasonable like a shrew to the field face equably simultaneously as base manure and chemical fertilizer, digs immediately, rake, lay irrigate band and overlay film, sowing behind 1～2d.70% nitrogenous fertilizer divides and imposes for three times, and wherein cotton bud stage, florescence and bell phase, the applied amount of nitrogenous fertilizer is respectively 10%, 30% and 30%.Natural pond liquid is as topdressing, and the mode of applying is drip irrigation.After treating cotton harvesting, gather and respectively handle soil, measure and analyze its content of beary metal.Result of the test shows, the applying of natural pond liquid improved the content of Cu and Ni in the soil, and the content of Pb, Cd and Cr is the highest in to fertilize processing only in the soil, and all apply, and the content of Pb and Cd is descending in varying degrees to some extent in the processing soil of natural pond liquid; More than the content of 5 heavy metal species all in the scope that national soil environment quality allows.
Claims (6)
1. drip irrigation improves the fertilizing method of output of cotton under the innoxious natural pond liquid film, it is characterized in that used fertilizer is respectively urea (46.4%N), threeflod calcium superphosphate fertilizer (46%P) and potassium sulphate (51%K).Phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer apply as base manure is disposable, and 30% nitrogenous fertilizer applies prior to seeding as base manure, and natural pond liquid is also unreasonable like a shrew to the field face equably simultaneously as base manure and chemical fertilizer; 70% nitrogenous fertilizer applies for three times as the branch that topdresses.Natural pond liquid is as topdressing, and the mode of applying is drip irrigation.
2. drip irrigation improves the fertilizing method of output of cotton under the liquid film of a kind of innoxious natural pond according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is respectively 300kg/hm
2, 135kg/hm
2And 90kg/hm
2
3. drip irrigation improves the fertilizing method of output of cotton under the liquid film of a kind of innoxious natural pond according to claim 1, it is characterized in that natural pond liquid is taken from the just biogas generating pit of aerogenesis, and the biogas generating pit fermentation raw material is pig manure.
4. drip irrigation improves the fertilizing method of output of cotton under the liquid film of a kind of innoxious natural pond according to claim 1, it is characterized in that liquid consumption design in natural pond equates to be principle with nitrogen pool, calculates the amount of application of natural pond liquid according to the content of its quick-acting nitrogen.
5. natural pond according to claim 1 liquid is used for drip irrigation, it is characterized in that natural pond liquid filters through post precipitation, and the fertilizer spreading tank of packing into, natural pond liquid and water are used for fertigation through the filter of 80 mesh sieves.
6. natural pond liquid conduct according to claim 1 is topdressed, and it is characterized in that the applied amount of flower bud phase, florescence and bell phase nitrogenous fertilizer is respectively 10%, 30% and 30%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101541984A CN103190236A (en) | 2013-04-28 | 2013-04-28 | Harmless fertilizing method for improving cotton yield by utilizing drip irrigation cotton under mulch of biogas slurry |
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| CN2013101541984A CN103190236A (en) | 2013-04-28 | 2013-04-28 | Harmless fertilizing method for improving cotton yield by utilizing drip irrigation cotton under mulch of biogas slurry |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103460872A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for regulating and controlling root system architecture of under-mulch-drip irrigation cotton in sand through irrigation and nitrogen application |
| CN104262057A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-07 | 石河子大学 | Rhizosphere acid fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105766344A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-20 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | High-yield planting method for medicago sativa |
| CN109169126A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-11 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of salinization soil cotton yield type of seeding |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102246648A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-11-23 | 河南农业大学 | Application method of biogas slurry in cultivation of high-yield winter wheat |
| CN102577782A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-07-18 | 阿瓦提县农科院丰元科技有限责任公司 | Productive method of Spun-combed 300-yarn organic long staple cotton material |
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2013
- 2013-04-28 CN CN2013101541984A patent/CN103190236A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102246648A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-11-23 | 河南农业大学 | Application method of biogas slurry in cultivation of high-yield winter wheat |
| CN102577782A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-07-18 | 阿瓦提县农科院丰元科技有限责任公司 | Productive method of Spun-combed 300-yarn organic long staple cotton material |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 胡丽华等: "沼气肥对棉花的效应与施用技术", 《江西农业科技》 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103460872A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for regulating and controlling root system architecture of under-mulch-drip irrigation cotton in sand through irrigation and nitrogen application |
| CN104262057A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-07 | 石河子大学 | Rhizosphere acid fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105766344A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-20 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | High-yield planting method for medicago sativa |
| CN105766344B (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2019-04-16 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of alfalfa high-yield planting method |
| CN109169126A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-11 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of salinization soil cotton yield type of seeding |
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Application publication date: 20130710 |