CN103182781B - Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer - Google Patents
Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103182781B CN103182781B CN201110454137.0A CN201110454137A CN103182781B CN 103182781 B CN103182781 B CN 103182781B CN 201110454137 A CN201110454137 A CN 201110454137A CN 103182781 B CN103182781 B CN 103182781B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- shower nozzle
- workpiece
- nozzle
- extrusion
- dimensional printer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/02—Small extruding apparatus, e.g. handheld, toy or laboratory extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92571—Position, e.g. linear or angular
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92904—Die; Nozzle zone
Abstract
The invention discloses Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer, forming efficiency is high, workpiece is closely knit, the more compact structure of forming machine.Its technical scheme is: adopt roller pair and screw rod to send and extrude a material to, by extruding precise hard_drawn tuhes and the process optimization of a material, only needs single shower nozzle just can be formed separately workpiece and supporting construction.Relative to traditional three-dimensional printer, there is the advantages such as material extrusion power is large, discharging is stablized, need single shower nozzle just can be formed separately workpiece and supporting construction, forming efficiency is high, workpiece is closely knit, the more compact structure of forming machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensional printer, particularly relate to a kind of three-dimensional printer of single spraying head extrusion molten material.
Background technology
Melt extruded formula three-dimensional printer is also called melt extruded formula fast forming machine, plastic wire material is heated to be molten state by the shower nozzle of this printer, then according to the workpiece Graph Control instruction that computer sends, by the small nozzle in shower nozzle melting charge extruded and be optionally deposited on the workbench substrate of below, forming the ground floor X-Y scheme cross section of workpiece.After this layer of shaping completes, shower nozzle rises a little layer height, carries out the shaping in second layer X-Y scheme cross section according to the similar procedure of ground floor, and this is stacked is added on last layer, and is bonded to each other and is integrated.So repeat two dimension to be from level to level shaped, until whole 3 D workpiece has been shaped.
Above-mentioned forming technology belongs to addition autofrettage, without the need to traditional cutting machine tool and tool and mould, under control of the computer, can direct forming 3D solid according to the three-dimensional CAD model of workpiece, thus be called free forming, be applicable to very much the development of new product, can greatly save man-hour and cost.
Melt extruded formula three-dimensional printer traditional at present has following two features: (1) adopts that roller is secondary to be sent plastic wire material to shower nozzle heating and melting by frictional force and make it extrude from nozzle; (2) adopt two shower nozzles, the moulding material of one of them shower nozzle melt extruded deposition workpiece, forms workpiece; Another shower nozzle extruding laying down support material also forms supporting construction, in order to avoid workpiece caves in and buckling deformation in forming process.The shortcoming caused thus is: the frictional force between (1) roller and silk material is limited, therefore extrudes power and extrudes limited flow, being difficult to the efficient shaping realizing high density workpiece; (2) in each shaping layer, two shower nozzles must take turns to operate and frequently locate, and forming technology is complicated, significantly reduces forming efficiency; (3) every platform forming machine must have two shower nozzles, two charging trays and two mantle fiber material feed mechanisms, makes mechanical construction and control system more complicated.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of traditional melt extruded formula three-dimensional printer.Refer to Fig. 1, traditional melt extruded formula three-dimensional printer is made up of two cover shower nozzles and feed mechanism and workbench, specifically comprises: charging tray 1 ' and 12 ', plastic wire material 9 ' and 13 ', motor 8 ' and 14 ', roller pair 7 ' and 15 ', shower nozzle 6 ' and 11 ', nozzle 5 ' and 10 ', workbench 2 ' and substrate 3 '.During work, according to the instruction of computer control system (not shown), shower nozzle 6 ' on the right side of Fig. 1 first moves to the appropriate location of workbench 2 ' top, motor 8 ' drives the roller pair 7 ' be made up of a pair roller, by roller pair 7 ' and the frictional force clamping wherein silk material 9 ', the silk material 9 ' from charging tray 1 ' is driven to enter shower nozzle 6 ', under the effect of the middle electrically heated rod (not shown) of shower nozzle 6 ', the silk material 9 ' entering shower nozzle 6 ' is heated and is molten state, and under the promotion of follow-up silk material 9 ', extrude from small nozzle 5 ', be deposited on substrate 3 ', progressively solidify to form the supporting construction of workpiece 4 ' layer cross section.
Then, a set of shower nozzle on the left of Fig. 1 moves to the appropriate location of workbench 2 ' top, motor 14 ' driving rolls pair 15 ', by roller pair 15 ' and the frictional force clamping wherein silk material 13 ', the silk material 13 ' from charging tray 12 ' is driven to enter shower nozzle 11 ', under the effect of the middle electrically heated rod (not shown) of shower nozzle 11 ', the silk material 13 ' entering shower nozzle 11 ' is heated and is molten state, and under the promotion of follow-up silk material 13 ', extrude from small nozzle 10 ', be deposited on substrate 3 ', progressively solidify to form the structure of workpiece 4 ' layer cross section.
Obviously, during above-mentioned traditional melt extruded formula three-dimensional printer Forming Workpiece, two shower nozzles must take turns to operate and frequently locate, forming technology is complicated, remarkable reduction forming efficiency, and frictional force between roller and silk material is limited, extrudes power and extrude limited flow and not easily stablize, being difficult to the efficient shaping realizing high density workpiece.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problem, provide a kind of Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer, forming efficiency is high, workpiece is closely knit, the more compact structure of forming machine.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: present invention is disclosed a kind of Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer, comprises shower nozzle, feeding device, rotary drive system, moved cross beam, workbench, fuselage, computer control and drive system, wherein:
Described shower nozzle is used for heating and extrusion molding silk material, comprises screw rod;
Described feeding device is used for storing and sending a material to, comprises roller pair;
Described rotary drive system is for driving described screw rod and described roller pair;
Described moved cross beam is connected with described fuselage, for carrying described shower nozzle and described rotary drive system, the relatively described moved cross beam of shower nozzle is made to make left right horizontal movement, relatively described fuselage moves up and down again, to regulate described shower nozzle relative to the distance of described workbench, and after a layer cross section of Forming Workpiece, drive this shower nozzle to rise a floor height, reshape next layer cross section of workpiece;
Described workbench is positioned at the below of described shower nozzle, is connected with described fuselage, and for carrying Forming Workpiece, and relatively described fuselage does the horizontal movement of front and back;
Described fuselage carries whole three-dimensional printer;
Described computer controls the automatic control and the driving that are used for complete machine with drive system;
Described three-dimensional printer makes single shower nozzle be formed separately workpiece and supporting construction by free forming process optimization, and the rear workpiece that has been shaped is easy to be separated with supporting construction.
According to an embodiment of Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer of the present invention, described rotary drive system comprises stepper motor, pinion unit unifies freewheel clutch, wherein:
The described gear train assembly of described rotary drive system drives described stock screw and described feed roller wheel set;
Described freewheel clutch, prevents described stepper motor from reversing and causing a material to exit from described shower nozzle.
According to an embodiment of Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer of the present invention, described shower nozzle also comprises barrel, nozzle, electrically heated rod and thermocouple, wherein:
The upper end of described screw rod is connected with the output shaft of described stepper motor, for extruding a material;
Described barrel is positioned at the outside of described screw rod, for storing the silk material of melting;
Described nozzle is connected with the lower end of described barrel, as the extrusion of silk material;
Described electrically heated rod has two, lays respectively in described barrel and nozzle, is respectively used to heat the silk material in described barrel and nozzle;
Described thermocouple has two, lays respectively in described barrel and nozzle, is respectively used to the heating-up temperature controlling barrel and nozzle.
According to an embodiment of Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer of the present invention, described feeding device also comprises charging tray, charging aperture, wherein said charging tray is placed in the right side of described shower nozzle, for being wound around a material, described roller sub-folder is held the silk material extracted out from described charging tray and is forced it to enter described shower nozzle, described charging aperture is connected with the top of described barrel, as the entrance of silk material.
According to an embodiment of Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer of the present invention, described moved cross beam also comprises servomotor, ball-screw and line slideway, wherein:
Described servomotor, according to the horizontal movement of workpiece interface graphics driver nozzle right, changes the deposition position extruding a material;
The rotary motion of described servomotor is transformed to rectilinear motion by described ball-screw;
Described line slideway is used for the guiding of described nozzle right horizontal movement.
According to an embodiment of Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer of the present invention, described workbench comprises servomotor, ball-screw and line slideway, wherein:
Described servomotor, according to the motion of workpiece interface graphics driver workbench anterior-posterior horizontal, changes the deposition position extruding a material;
The rotary motion of described servomotor is transformed to rectilinear motion by described ball-screw;
Described line slideway is used for the guiding of described workbench anterior-posterior horizontal motion.
The present invention contrasts prior art following beneficial effect: technical scheme of the present invention adopts roller pair and screw rod to send and extrude a material to, by extruding precise hard_drawn tuhes and the process optimization of a material, only needs single shower nozzle just can be formed separately workpiece and supporting construction.Relative to traditional three-dimensional printer, there is the advantages such as material extrusion power is large, discharging is stablized, need single shower nozzle just can be formed separately workpiece and supporting construction, forming efficiency is high, workpiece is closely knit, the more compact structure of forming machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional melt extruded formula three-dimensional printer.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the embodiment of a kind of Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the freewheel clutch according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 a-4b is the staggered floor shaping schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 a-5b is the support offset schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 a-6c is the workpiece interface filling mode schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the supporting section filling mode schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 2 shows the structure chart of the embodiment of a kind of Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer of the present invention.Refer to Fig. 2, Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer mainly comprises following part: shower nozzle, feeding device, rotary drive system, moved cross beam, workbench, fuselage, computer control and drive system.
Shower nozzle 2 heats and extrusion molding silk material, comprises screw rod 3, barrel 20, nozzle 22, electrically heated rod 19 and 21, and thermocouple 1 and 25.
Feeding device stores and sends a material to, comprises roller pair (roller 16,17), charging tray 15, charging aperture 18.
Rotary drive system comprises stepper motor 7, gear train assembly (gear 6,8,9,5,10,11,13,12) and freewheel clutch (26 shown in Fig. 3).
Workbench comprises servomotor, ball-screw and line slideway.
Shower nozzle 2 heats and extrusion molding silk material 14.The upper end of screw rod 3 is connected with the output shaft of stepper motor 7, for extruding a material 14.Barrel 20 is positioned at the outside of screw rod 3, for storing the silk material 14 of melting.Nozzle 22 is connected with the lower end of barrel 20, as the extrusion of silk material.Electrically heated rod 19 is arranged in barrel 20, for the silk material in heating cylinder 20.Electrically heated rod 21 is arranged in nozzle 22, for heated nozzle 22, makes silk material wherein keep molten state.
Feeding device stores and sends a material to, and wherein charging tray 15 is placed in the right side of shower nozzle 2, for being wound around a material.Roller sub-folder is held the silk material from charging tray 15 extraction and is forced it to enter shower nozzle 2, and charging aperture 18 is connected with the top of barrel 20, as the entrance of silk material.
Roller in rotary drive system drive screw 3 and feeding device is secondary, is to carry out drive screw 3 with gear train assembly and roller is secondary in the present embodiment, and freewheel clutch 26 prevents stepper motor 7 from reversing and causing a material to exit from shower nozzle 2.
Moved cross beam is connected with fuselage, carrying shower nozzle 2 and rotary drive system, the relatively described moved cross beam of shower nozzle is made to make left right horizontal movement, fuselage moves up and down relatively again, to regulate shower nozzle 2 relative to the distance of workbench, and after a layer cross section of Forming Workpiece, drive shower nozzle 2 to rise a floor height, reshape next layer cross section of workpiece.
Workbench is positioned at the below of shower nozzle 2, is connected with fuselage, and for carrying Forming Workpiece, and fuselage does the horizontal movement of front and back relatively.Fuselage then carries whole three-dimensional printer.Servomotor, according to the motion of workpiece interface graphics driver shower nozzle 2 anterior-posterior horizontal, changes the deposition position extruding a material.The rotary motion of servomotor is transformed to rectilinear motion by ball-screw.Line slideway is used for the guiding of workbench anterior-posterior horizontal motion.
Specifically, the three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment can be made up of shower nozzle 2, screw rod 3, barrel 20, nozzle 22, electrically heated rod 19 and 21, thermocouple 1 and 25, stepper motor 7, gear 6, gear 8, gear 9, gear 5, gear 10, gear 11, gear 13, gear 12, roller 16, roller 17, charging tray 15, charging aperture 18, silk material 14, workbench 24 and substrate 23.Control and the instruction of drive system (not shown) according to computer, stepper motor 7 starts, driven wheel 6 and with its meshed gears 8, then by the gear 9 coaxial with gear 8 and with its meshed gears 5, drive screw rod 3 to rotate.Gear 9 again by freewheel clutch 26 (Fig. 3) driven wheel 10 wherein and with its meshed gears 11 and gear 13, another gear (not shown) driven wheel 12 of gear 13 by engaging with it, therefore coaxial with gear 13 active roller 17 and the active roller 16 coaxial with gear 12 rotate.Owing to having another return idler (not shown) at the rear of roller 17, these two roller composition rollers are secondary; Also there is another return idler (not shown) at the rear of roller 16, and these two rollers also form roller pair.The tight silk material 14 wherein of above-mentioned two pair roller sub-folders, so when active roller 17 and active roller 16 rotate, by the frictional force of these two roller surface and silk material 14, plastic wire material 14 can be pulled out from charging tray 15, and make a material 14 enter shower nozzle 2 through charging aperture 18, in shower nozzle 2 electrically heated rod 19 effect under, silk material is molten state and under the extruding of screw rod 3, extrude from the aperture of nozzle 22, be deposited on substrate 23, progressively form the cross section of workpiece.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of freewheel clutch 26 that the present invention adopts, and is made up of star-wheel 27, outer ring 28, roller 29 and spring spindle 30.Outer ring 28 is closely connected with the endoporus of gear 9, and the endoporus 31 of star-wheel 27 is closely connected with gear 10.When the outer ring 28 of freewheel clutch 26 is under the driving of gear 9, during along counter rotation, roller 29 is by the left side narrower region of the groove of effect wedging between star-wheel 27 and outer ring 28 of frictional force, freewheel clutch 26 is in engagement state, thus star-wheel 27 and the gear 10 that is connected with its endoporus 31 is driven to rotate, so by with gear 10 meshed gears 11, and gear 13 and gear 12, roller 17 and roller 16 order about a material 14 and enter shower nozzle 2.When the outer ring 28 of freewheel clutch 26 is under the driving of gear 9, when being rotated in a clockwise direction, roller 29 is by the effect of frictional force, overcome the thrust of spring spindle 30, move to wider part position on the right side of the groove between star-wheel 27 and outer ring 28, no longer wedging is in groove, and freewheel clutch 26 is in released state, thus star-wheel 27 and gear 10 can not be driven to rotate, a material 14 can not be made to be exited by shower nozzle 2.
The present invention adopts the object of freewheel clutch 26 to be, when stepper motor 7 is rotated along normal direction by forming requirements, silk material 14 can be driven to enter shower nozzle 2 in the feed mechanism of silk material 14; And stepper motor 7 is when rotating in reverse direction, a material 14 can not be made to be exited by shower nozzle 2.
When adopting each cross section of melt extruded formula three-dimensional printer Forming Workpiece, at each terminal of sectional view, stepper motor 7 must stop operating immediately, makes shower nozzle 2 stop immediately extruding a material 14.But even so, due to the inertia of screw rod 3 and other rotating parts, and the overbottom pressure effect of melting silk material 14 in shower nozzle 2, a small amount of silk material 14 still can leak from nozzle 22, causes " salivation " phenomenon, the surface quality of heavy damage Forming Workpiece.After adopting freewheel clutch 26, when shower nozzle 2 moves to the relevant position of workpiece interface figure terminal, then the reversion a bit of time just stop fast making stepper motor 7, parital vacuum will be produced like this in the nozzle 22 of shower nozzle 2, wherein silk material 14 cannot be leaked, guarantee the surface quality of Forming Workpiece.In the process that stepper motor 7 reverses fast, due to the effect of freewheel clutch 26, a material 14 can not be made to be exited by shower nozzle 2, thus can not make in shower nozzle 2, to occur that silk material is not enough, the stability that a material 14 is sent to and extruded can not be affected, greatly can improve the accuracy of deposition of material.
Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer embodiment of the present invention can be formed separately workpiece and supporting construction.Requirement for supporting construction is: in (1) forming process, and supporting construction should be able to support the workpiece bracketed part be shaped effectively, and make it can not cave in and buckling deformation, therefore supporting construction should have enough strength and stiffness.(2) after being shaped, supporting construction should be able to easily be separated with workpiece, and can not produce obvious scar at surface of the work, therefore supporting construction can not have too high strength and stiffness again.For overcoming these two contradictions requiring to exist, present invention employs the measure of following free forming process optimization.
One of free forming process optimization measure: staggered floor is shaped, to reduce the interfacial bonding strength between supporting construction and workpiece, is beneficial to being separated of be shaped rear workpiece and supporting construction.
Fig. 4 a-4b shows the staggered floor shaping schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in traditional Fig. 4 a, when workpiece 100 has cantilever 200, in order to the supporting extension arms 200 when being shaped, must between cantilever 400 to 200, often while shaping one deck workpiece interface layer, shaping one deck supporting construction 300, the shaping floor height h that the height of this part supporting construction equals 3 times.Adopt the shortcoming of above-mentioned forming technology to be, in the land 200 and 400 of workpiece and supporting construction, the bond strength of workpiece and support is similar to the interfacial bonding strength of workpiece, and due to the combination of this high strength, the rear support that has been shaped structure is difficult to be separated with workpiece.For overcoming this drawback, the present invention proposes staggered floor and be shaped (as shown in Figure 4 b), namely be shaped in the following order: by floor height h, Forming Workpiece layer 500-presses floor height h, Forming Workpiece layer 600-shower nozzle rising 0.5h, forming support layer 700-shower nozzle rising 0.5h, Forming Workpiece layer 800-shower nozzle rising 0.5h, forming support layer 900-shower nozzle rising 0.5h, Forming Workpiece layer 1000-shower nozzle rising 0.5h, forming support layer 1100-shower nozzle rising 0.5h, Forming Workpiece layer 1200-shower nozzle rising 0.5h, forming support layer 1300.The result be shaped by above-mentioned staggered floor is, the floor height of supporting layer 700 left part is 1.5h, the flow extruding a material due to screw rod in Fig. 23 remains unchanged, compared with when being therefore h with shaping floor height, the silk material density of supporting layer 700 left part deposition is lower, and the bond strength of the land 400 of workpiece and support is also lower.In like manner, the floor height of workpiece layer 1200 right part is 1.5h, and the silk material density of deposition is lower, and the bond strength of the land 200 of workpiece and support is also lower.Because staggered floor forming technology reduces the bond strength of land 400 and 200, so be easy to after being shaped be separated supporting construction from drip molding.
Free forming process optimization measure two: arrange support offset, to reduce the bond strength of supporting construction and side surface of workpiece.
Fig. 5 a-5b shows the support offset schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in traditional Fig. 5 a, be shaped according to the theoretical path 51 of workpiece interface and the theoretical path 54 of supporting construction, and when nozzle 53 moves to the left end point of supporting construction forming path, because the silk material extruded has certain width W, have portion of support structure and workpiece profile 52 crosses, cause supporting construction to be combined closely with workpiece, being shaped, the latter two are not easily separated.For overcoming this drawback, the present invention proposes the concept (as shown in Figure 5 b) supporting offset, when generating forming path, the distance C (as shown in Fig. 5 b dotted line) biased certain laterally by workpiece profile 52, this distance C is called support offset.Supporting offset can not be too large, otherwise does not have the effect of support; Can not be too little, otherwise support with workpiece not easily separated, usually support offset C=0.5W.In order to reach better effect, determine the value of C by engineer testing.When the value of C is suitable, supporting construction should have a small amount of contact with workpiece profile, and is easily separated.
Free forming process optimization measure three: adopt different cross section filling modes, to improve the intensity of workpiece, suitably reduces the intensity of supporting construction.
Fig. 6 a-6c shows the workpiece interface filling mode schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.In order to improve the surface quality of workpiece, adopt circular scanning filling mode in cross-sectional layers near workpiece neighboring area 61; The interior zone 62 of workpiece adopts the dip-parallel line sweep filling mode (as shown in Figure 6 a) of 45° angle.And adopt the dip-parallel line sweep filling mode (as shown in Figure 6 b) of contrary 45° angle at the interior zone 63 of the cross-sectional layers workpiece with postforming, so, mutually vertical (as fig. 6 c), the intensity in inside workpiece region is strengthened the interstitial wire of the interior zone of adjacent two layers workpiece.
And supporting section adopts constant parallel line sweeping filling mode (as shown in Figure 7), between adjacent layer, scanning direction is consistent, scanning filling distance between centers of tracks is larger, such as, when nozzle inside diameter is 0.5mm, support scanning filling distance between centers of tracks and can be taken as 1mm, the supporting construction be shaped like this is more loose, intensity is not high, is easy to be separated with workpiece after being shaped.
Free forming process optimization measure four: adopt different material extrusion speed Forming Workpiece and supporting construction, support in guarantee and can be shaped smoothly and have on the basis of some strength, the material extrusion speed (being such as 80% of Forming Workpiece material extrusion speed) of suitable reduction forming support, make supporting construction more loose, be easy to after being shaped be separated with workpiece.
After adopting frame for movement shown in the invention described above Fig. 2 and process optimization measure, only need single shower nozzle just can be formed separately workpiece and supporting construction, being shaped, the latter two are easily separated, and drip molding is closely knit, and forming efficiency is high, the more compact structure of machine.
Above-described embodiment is available to those of ordinary skill in the art to realize or uses of the present invention; those of ordinary skill in the art can when not departing from inventive concept; various modifications or change are made to above-described embodiment; thus protection scope of the present invention not limit by above-described embodiment, and should be the maximum magnitude meeting the inventive features that claims are mentioned.
Claims (8)
1. a Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer, comprises shower nozzle, feeding device, rotary drive system, moved cross beam, workbench, fuselage, computer control and drive system, wherein:
Described shower nozzle is used for heating and extrusion molding silk material, comprises screw rod;
Described feeding device is used for storing and sending a material to, comprises roller pair;
Described rotary drive system is for driving described screw rod and described roller pair, and described roller sub-folder is held the silk material from feeding device extraction and forced it to enter described shower nozzle, and the silk material in molten state in the showerhead, under the extruding of screw rod, is extruded from shower nozzle;
Described moved cross beam is connected with described fuselage, for carrying described shower nozzle and described rotary drive system, the relatively described moved cross beam of described shower nozzle is made to make left right horizontal movement, relatively described fuselage moves up and down again, to regulate described shower nozzle relative to the distance of described workbench, and after a layer cross section of Forming Workpiece, drive described shower nozzle to rise a floor height, reshape next layer cross section of workpiece;
Described workbench is positioned at the below of described shower nozzle, is connected with described fuselage, and for carrying Forming Workpiece, and relatively described fuselage does the horizontal movement of front and back;
Described fuselage carries whole three-dimensional printer;
Described computer controls the automatic control and the driving that are used for complete machine with drive system, and described computer controls with drive system in forming process, makes described shower nozzle need automatic height adjustment, movement locus and material extrusion speed according to process optimization;
Described three-dimensional printer makes single shower nozzle be formed separately workpiece and supporting construction by free forming process optimization, when forming support structure, in intersection possible with workpiece profile, described shower nozzle adjusts movement locus automatically, the distance that opposite piece profile is outwards biased certain, form and support offset, the rear workpiece that has been shaped is easy to be separated with supporting construction.
2. Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rotary drive system comprises stepper motor, pinion unit unifies freewheel clutch, wherein:
The described gear train assembly of described rotary drive system drives described screw rod and described roller pair;
Described freewheel clutch is used for preventing described stepper motor from reversing and causing a material to exit from described shower nozzle.
3. Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described shower nozzle also comprises barrel, nozzle, electrically heated rod and thermocouple, wherein:
The upper end of described screw rod is connected with the output shaft of described stepper motor, for extruding a material;
Described barrel is positioned at the outside of described screw rod, for storing a material;
Described nozzle is connected with the lower end of described barrel, as the extrusion of silk material;
Described electrically heated rod lays respectively in described barrel and described nozzle, is respectively used to heat the silk material in described barrel and described nozzle, makes a material be heated to molten state;
Described thermocouple lays respectively in described barrel and described nozzle, for controlling heating-up temperature.
4. Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described feeding device also comprises charging tray, charging aperture, wherein said charging tray is placed in the right side of described shower nozzle, for being wound around a material, for the secondary silk material extracting winding from described charging tray out of described roller, described charging aperture is connected with the top of described barrel, as the entrance of silk material.
5. Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described workbench comprises servomotor, ball-screw and line slideway, wherein:
Described servomotor is the motion of shower nozzle anterior-posterior horizontal according to workpiece interface graphics driver, changes the deposition position extruding a material;
The rotary motion of described servomotor is transformed to rectilinear motion by described ball-screw;
Described line slideway is used for the guiding of described workbench anterior-posterior horizontal motion.
6. Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the shaping of workpiece must have supporting construction, the height of the relatively described workbench of the described shower nozzle of automatic adjustment, making is 1.5 times of workpiece floor height with the floor height of the supporting construction at absorption surface place, formation staggered floor is shaped, and after being conducive to being shaped, workpiece and supporting construction is separated.
7. Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when filling workpiece interface and supporting construction cross section, described shower nozzle can adjust movement locus automatically, circular scanning is taked to fill at the periphery of workpiece interface, take to intersect the filling of dip-parallel line sweep in the inside of workpiece interface, take constant parallel line sweeping to fill in supporting construction cross section.
8. Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, during forming support structure, described shower nozzle adjusts material extrusion speed automatically, makes the material extrusion speed of material extrusion speed lower than Forming Workpiece of forming support structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110454137.0A CN103182781B (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110454137.0A CN103182781B (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103182781A CN103182781A (en) | 2013-07-03 |
| CN103182781B true CN103182781B (en) | 2016-01-13 |
Family
ID=48674351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110454137.0A Active CN103182781B (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103182781B (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103419370A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2013-12-04 | 广西钦州宇佳投资有限公司 | Slide-bar type 3D printer capable allowing output materials to be changed |
| CN103350509A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2013-10-16 | 广西钦州宇佳投资有限公司 | Screw type 3D printer capable of replacing outputting material |
| CN103465473B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2016-01-13 | 马鞍山状元郎电子科技有限公司 | 3D printer Ball screw type serial structure rapid shaping structure |
| CN103419304A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2013-12-04 | 高萌 | Feeding throat pipe |
| CN104626556A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-20 | 华中科技大学 | Fused deposition three dimensional printing nozzle and printer |
| CN103950202B (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2016-09-28 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Three-dimensional printer |
| CN104260566A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-07 | 合肥海闻自动化设备有限公司 | Continuous printing control system of three-dimensional color ink jet additive printer |
| US11014150B2 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2021-05-25 | Kyungil Cho | 3D printer for metal alloy filament |
| CN105479744B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2018-05-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of colour 3D printer squeezes out nozzle |
| US10307781B2 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2019-06-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Vehicle component fabrication |
| CN105773978B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-09-15 | 北京工业大学 | Rotation nozzle apparatus, 3D printer and Method of printing |
| CN113369323B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江方宏空调设备有限公司 | Semi-solid hot-press molding equipment for silencer of automobile air conditioner |
| CN115195111B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-10-27 | 安徽省春谷3D打印智能装备产业技术研究院有限公司 | Reducing wire extrusion structure for desktop level printer |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5340433A (en) * | 1989-10-30 | 1994-08-23 | Stratasys, Inc. | Modeling apparatus for three-dimensional objects |
| CN2353768Y (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 1999-12-15 | 清华大学 | Extrusion spray-nozzle structure of quick-acting forming system |
| CN2564336Y (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-08-06 | 同济大学 | Spiral extrusion injector for fast forming system |
| CN1701944A (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2005-11-30 | 上海大学 | Compound rapid forming method and device by integration of light solidification and fusion sediment |
| CN2761402Y (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-03-01 | 华侨大学 | Fused body continuous extrusion device |
| CN1772702A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2006-05-17 | 西安交通大学 | Technological process of making silicon carbide ceramic part based on smelting deposition and fast forming techn |
| CN2936746Y (en) * | 2006-07-04 | 2007-08-22 | 上海富奇凡机电科技有限公司 | Stereo printing type quickly forming mahcine |
| CN101142058A (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2008-03-12 | 圣戈本磨料股份有限公司 | Rapid tooling system and methods for manufacturing abrasive articles |
| CN102107164A (en) * | 2010-12-18 | 2011-06-29 | 江苏锐毕利实业有限公司 | FFMJ (freeform fabrication with micro-droplet jetting) system |
| CN202015261U (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-10-26 | 江苏锐毕利实业有限公司 | Free forming system of denture wax mold |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4290248A (en) * | 1975-01-06 | 1981-09-22 | William James Kemerer | Continuous process for forming products from thermoplastic polymeric material having three-dimensional patterns and surface textures |
| JP2010280112A (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-16 | Japan Polypropylene Corp | Raw material charging hopper of foam molding extrusion molding machine |
-
2011
- 2011-12-29 CN CN201110454137.0A patent/CN103182781B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5340433A (en) * | 1989-10-30 | 1994-08-23 | Stratasys, Inc. | Modeling apparatus for three-dimensional objects |
| CN2353768Y (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 1999-12-15 | 清华大学 | Extrusion spray-nozzle structure of quick-acting forming system |
| CN2564336Y (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-08-06 | 同济大学 | Spiral extrusion injector for fast forming system |
| CN2761402Y (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-03-01 | 华侨大学 | Fused body continuous extrusion device |
| CN101142058A (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2008-03-12 | 圣戈本磨料股份有限公司 | Rapid tooling system and methods for manufacturing abrasive articles |
| CN1701944A (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2005-11-30 | 上海大学 | Compound rapid forming method and device by integration of light solidification and fusion sediment |
| CN1772702A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2006-05-17 | 西安交通大学 | Technological process of making silicon carbide ceramic part based on smelting deposition and fast forming techn |
| CN2936746Y (en) * | 2006-07-04 | 2007-08-22 | 上海富奇凡机电科技有限公司 | Stereo printing type quickly forming mahcine |
| CN202015261U (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-10-26 | 江苏锐毕利实业有限公司 | Free forming system of denture wax mold |
| CN102107164A (en) * | 2010-12-18 | 2011-06-29 | 江苏锐毕利实业有限公司 | FFMJ (freeform fabrication with micro-droplet jetting) system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103182781A (en) | 2013-07-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103182781B (en) | Single-nozzle melt-extrusion-type three-dimensional printer | |
| JP3210113U (en) | Laser cutting technology-based rewinding and blanking production equipment | |
| CN102287595B (en) | Pipe material, strip material and set production device for reinforced thermoplastic composite structure wall pipe | |
| WO2016041449A1 (en) | Fused deposition 3d printer and printing method therefor | |
| CN104642684B (en) | 3D food printers | |
| CN203817588U (en) | Metal 3D printer based on electric-arc welding | |
| CN104162992A (en) | 3D printer using industrial raw material | |
| CN105058789A (en) | 3D printing device suitable for multi-material workpieces | |
| WO2016150321A1 (en) | Three-dimensional rapid prototyping printing engraving machine | |
| CN105459397A (en) | Leak-proof spraying head for fused deposition molding of 3D (Three-Dimensional) printer | |
| KR101918754B1 (en) | A 3d-printer with improved precision of driving | |
| CN203635914U (en) | Two-way powder spreading device of SLM equipment | |
| CN104162988B (en) | Mother-son injection three-dimensional printer | |
| CN104043832B (en) | A kind of device controlling metal increasing material forming surface quality | |
| CN106273509A (en) | The material squash type 3D printer of vibration moulding | |
| CN107263866A (en) | A kind of double feed cylinder 3d printers | |
| CN106142550A (en) | A kind of three-dimensional fast shaping prints engraving machine | |
| CN104441645A (en) | Single-nozzle fused extrusion-type three-dimensional printing device | |
| CN104742373A (en) | 3D printing equipment based on FDM | |
| KR20160113838A (en) | Gravity casting machine | |
| CN205705343U (en) | A kind of scalable Electromagnetic Heating 3D printing head | |
| CN103481542A (en) | Paper product bonding servo rectification system of cover and tray carton machine and covering making machine | |
| CN113927895B (en) | Laser additive manufacturing system with shearing and rolling device | |
| CN203712103U (en) | Device for welding alloy on screw in spraying mode | |
| CN209111464U (en) | A kind of automatic demoulding hot flow path control charger shell mould |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |