CN103111756A - Laser optical path guiding system of laser sinter molding equipment - Google Patents

Laser optical path guiding system of laser sinter molding equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103111756A
CN103111756A CN2013100473689A CN201310047368A CN103111756A CN 103111756 A CN103111756 A CN 103111756A CN 2013100473689 A CN2013100473689 A CN 2013100473689A CN 201310047368 A CN201310047368 A CN 201310047368A CN 103111756 A CN103111756 A CN 103111756A
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laser
lens
optical path
galvanometer
guidance system
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CN103111756B (en
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余振新
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser optical path guiding system of laser sinter molding equipment. The laser optical path guiding system of the laser sinter molding equipment comprises a laser source, a beam expander matched with the laser source, a scanning galvanometer device matched with the beam expander and a flat field focusing lens connected with the scanning galvanometer device. The laser sinter molding equipment is provided with a molding platform, a focal plane of the flat field focusing lens is overlapped with the molding platform, and the focus point of the lens is arranged at the center of the molding platform. Due to the mentioned structure, not only can printing of a three-dimensional component be achieved very well, but also each optical component can be connected into a whole without clearances, drifting of light beams is avoided, at the same time dust and vibration are prevented. In addition, protection of optical elements like the galvanometers and the like is considered. The laser optical path guiding system is compact in structure, short in optical path, small in light energy consumption, and convenient to debug.

Description

The laser optical path guidance system of laser sintering and moulding equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to selective laser sintering and moulding technology apparatus field under normal temperature, be specifically related to the laser optical path guidance system of laser sintering and moulding equipment
Background technology
SLS technology (SLS:Selective Laser Sintering, dusty material selective laser sintering) is a kind of quick shaping process, material powder paving is sprinkled upon the upper surface of formation of parts, and strikes off; Scan part section with high-intensity CO2 laser instrument on the new layer that has just spread; Material powder is sintered together under high-intensity Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation, obtains the cross section of part, and is connected with the following part that has been shaped; After a layer cross section sintering is complete, spread new one deck dusty material, selectively layer cross section under sintering.Generally speaking, the SLS technology is to adopt laser layering sintering solid powder selectively, and the cured layer of sinter molding is layering generate the part of required form.Its whole technical process comprises that the foundation of cad model and data are processed, paving powder, sintering and post processing etc.
The opticator of SLS technology is one of core of forming of complete machine, this be because: what 1) performance of lasing light emitter, power, output mode etc. determined that forming techniques realize may be whether and the quality of shaped component; 2) the lasing light emitter cost that accounts for whole equipment reaches more than 20%; 3) research and development of lasing light emitter develop rapidly, are the vitals that the laser industrial technology is used; 4) relevant light path guidance system is along with the difference of application target has special designing requirement: must consider the hot spot dimension that converges on material and laser beam mobile accuracy etc.Therefore, select rightly and the laser optical path guidance system improved in the SLS technology has important even innovative meaning.
In the SLS technology, dusty material commonly used has wax, Merlon, nylon, very thin nylon, synthetic nylon, pottery, glass, metal etc.When laser beam irradiation was surperficial to the powder material, a part of antireflection part penetrated in material and is absorbed, and then material is played the clinkering effect.Different wave length is absorbed different materials and reflection has very large difference.Generally speaking, the metal material that electrical conductivity is high is also high to the reflectivity of light wave, and the material reflectance that surface brightness is high is also high.Common metal is powder sintered selects the Nd:YAG laser instrument, because metal dust is to CO 2The laser reflectivity of laser instrument is much bigger.Ceramic powders is also selected the Nd:YAG laser instrument.The available CO such as high molecule plastic class material such as Merlon 2Laser instrument is because Merlon has very high absorptivity in 5.0～10.6 mum wavelength scopes.
The output mode of laser instrument can seriously influence the Laser Processing effect.Transverse mode determines the laser beam light wave fields in the expansion degree in space, and the low-order mode energy comparison is concentrated, and in actual use, selects TEM as far as possible 00Mould (single transverse mode) is in order to obtain high as far as possible power density light beam.
In existing SLS technology, the light path guidance system generally comprises: 1) optical path-deflecting and control system, as many groups speculum; 2) focusing system is as convex lens, concave mirror.3) even photosystem is used to form the uniform hot spot of Energy distribution.Existingly be: 3a) cut apart the stack transformation system.With basic mode or the low-order mode Gaussian beam is parallel is divided into several sub-systems, and parallel and vertical both direction amplifies respectively along cut-off rule, at last beamlet is superposeed by certain relative position, to obtain the more uniform hot spot of cross section energy distribution.3b) integral mirror system.Cut apart in order to speculum or the projecting mirror light beam that intensity is inhomogeneous that certain rule is arranged, and folded light beam or projecting beam are superposeed on its focus, produce integral action and obtain uniform hot spot.3c) galvanometer system.Adopt the eyeglass of the higher-order of oscillation, make light beam along the direction dither vertical with the scanning direction, in heat treatment process, produce an even wider Energy distribution.
Present existing data is not at length introduced the selection of laser instrument in the SLS technology and modulator approach, the introduction of optical guidance part is also had their own characteristics each.But present laser optical path guidance system is easily elegant for light beam, and the easy setting sun machine intimate of dust produces harmful effect to light path, and the light energy loss is many, and system debug is difficult.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides effective, safe, stable Optical System Design for the SLS technology that realizes under a kind of normal temperature of our independent studies and in open environment.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The laser optical path guidance system of laser sintering and moulding equipment, the beam expanding lens that comprises lasing light emitter, coordinates with this lasing light emitter, with the scanning galvanometer device and the flat field condenser lens that is connected with this scanning galvanometer device of this beam expanding lens cooperation; Laser sintering and moulding equipment is provided with shaped platform, and the focus of flat field condenser lens falls within the center of this shaped platform.
Further, described lasing light emitter, described beam expanding lens and described scanning galvanometer device distribute along X-direction, and described flat field condenser lens and described scanning galvanometer device distribute along Y direction, and X-axis is vertical with Y-axis; The laser that lasing light emitter sends first penetrates along X-axis, then changes direction by the scanning galvanometer device, along the described shaped platform of Y-axis directive.
Further, described lasing light emitter comprises laser instrument and the radio-frequency pulse power supply that is connected with this laser instrument; Laser instrument is CO 2Laser instrument (CO 2: carbon dioxide), by the described radio-frequency pulse power supply modulation of 50MHz, thus the pulse laser of output 5kHz.
Further, the outer wall of described laser instrument is provided with fin, and also is arranged with for dustproof outer cover, and this outer cover is provided with fan.
Further, described beam expanding lens is that (ZnSe: zinc selenide), this group ZnSe lens are made of front lens and rear lens one group of ZnSe lens, and front lens focus and rear lens focus overlap, this group ZnSe lens for 10.6 mum wavelength light transmission rates are reached 92% or more than, and it is expanded.
Further, described scanning galvanometer device is comprised of galvanometer motor, galvanometer control panel and two orthogonal level crossings; The galvanometer control panel connects galvanometer motor, and galvanometer motor connects level crossing.
Further, described condenser lens is the flat field condenser lens, adopts the ZnSe monocrystal material to make and be coated with antireflective coating.
Further, described condenser lens is the lens of 435mm for the focal length for 10.6 mum wavelengths.
Further, described laser optical path guidance system, it also comprises control device, this control device consists of by the control system computer with galvanometer controller, the control system computer be connected with galvanometer controller, the control system computer connects described lasing light emitter, and galvanometer controller connects described scanning galvanometer device.
Further, between described lasing light emitter, described beam expanding lens, described scanning galvanometer device and described flat field condenser lens, all connect by sealing and dustproof parts.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, the present invention is a kind of optical system that realizes the direct process industry technology of intelligent laser sinter molding, realizes specifically the laser optical path guidance system of selective laser sintering and moulding technology under normal temperature (SLS); The present invention can not only realize the printing of three-dimensional structure well, and between each optical element, the zero-clearance linking is integral, and has avoided the drift of light beam, simultaneously dustproof antidetonation; In addition, also consider protection to optical elements such as galvanometers in design; Light path guidance system compact conformation, light path is short, and the light energy loss is few; System debug is easy.The laser mobile accuracy can reach 0.1mm ± 0.05mm.
2, lasing light emitter of the present invention is modulated into pulse laser output to continuous laser, can increase maximum output, and makes shorten heat time heating time, and thermal diffusion reduces, and is conducive to macromolecular material clinkering and cooling, and the cubical expansion effect is down to minimum;
3, will improve the collimation of light beam after beam expanding lens expands 5 times of the laser of 10.6 mum wavelengths, the light-wave energy density that simultaneously scanning galvanometer is born is lower, protects better galvanometer, extends its service life; And beam expanding lens can make laser obtain less hot spot when shaped platform focuses on.Because power density and scanning density etc. can affect the sintering feature significantly, meticulousr hot spot can obtain higher Forming Quality;
4, the structure of scanning galvanometer device can be better for the even light of pulse laser, and registration, and laser beam can reach 0.1mm ± 0.05mm at the mobile accuracy at shaped platform place.
5, adopt condenser lens in the present invention, the paraxial inclination angle after laser beam focuses on is no more than ± and 20 °; If laser sintering and moulding equipment is 400mm*400mm*350mm to the moulding scope of parts, the top is no more than the 500mm eminence because the flat field condenser lens is positioned in shaped platform, make laser very little in the incidence angle of material surface, be transformed to circularly polarized light so needn't add extra parts, need do not consider that also polarization characteristic is on the impact of Forming Quality;
6, adopt control device, carry out real-time parameter and regulate, for example for continuous laser, the laser irradiation time is determined by laser scanning speed; For pulse laser, the laser irradiation time is determined jointly by pulsewidth and laser scanning speed, can rule of thumb reach the analysis to sectional view after the layering of structure body, pre-set parameter, equipment also can automatically carry out laser fast shaping until whole member is printed completes.
7, the present invention reaches rigid attachment, and zero-clearance seals to reach the dustless interference of light path, stable purpose.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the laser optical path guidance system of laser sintering and moulding equipment of the present invention, and in figure, arrow is the transmit direction of laser;
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is that Fig. 2 is along the elevational schematic view of A direction;
In figure, the 1-lasing light emitter; The 11-laser instrument; The 111-outer cover; The 112-fan; 12-radio-frequency pulse power supply; The 121-power-supply filter; The 2-beam expanding lens; 3-scanning galvanometer device; The 31-level crossing; 4-flat field condenser lens; The 5-control device; 51-control system computer; The 52-galvanometer controller; The 6-shaped platform.
The specific embodiment
The laser optical path guidance system of the laser sintering and moulding equipment of embodiment as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the beam expanding lens 2 that comprises lasing light emitter 1, coordinates with this lasing light emitter, with the scanning galvanometer device 3 and the flat field condenser lens 4 that is connected with this scanning galvanometer device 3 of these beam expanding lens 2 cooperations; Laser sintering and moulding equipment is provided with shaped platform 6, the position that flat field condenser lens 4 is located at and this shaped platform 6 coordinates.
Lasing light emitter 1, beam expanding lens 2 and scanning galvanometer device 3 distribute along X-direction, and flat field condenser lens 4 and scanning galvanometer device 3 distribute along Y direction; The laser that lasing light emitter 1 sends first penetrates along X-axis, then changes direction by scanning galvanometer device 3, along Y-axis directive shaped platform 6.In the present embodiment, X-axis is mutually vertical with Y-axis.
Lasing light emitter 1 comprises laser instrument 11 and the radio-frequency pulse power supply 12 that is connected with this laser instrument 11, and laser instrument 11 is CO 2Laser instrument (CO 2: carbon dioxide), by radio-frequency pulse power supply 12 modulation of 50MHz, the pulse laser of output 5kHz.Can utilize the laser of 10.6 mum wavelengths, after the preheating of 10s, recording average laser power is 45.50W.Continuous laser is modulated into pulse laser output, can increases maximum output, and make shorten heat time heating time, thermal diffusion reduces, and is conducive to macromolecular material clinkering and cooling, and the cubical expansion effect is down to minimum.Be provided with fin at laser instrument 11 outer walls, and also be arranged with the outer cover 111 that a metal is made and be used for preventing dust, this outer cover is provided with two fans 112, is used for forced air cooling, accelerates heat radiation.Further, can set a power-supply filter 121 to the radio frequency pulse power 12, be beneficial to the stable output of 5kHz pulse laser.
Beam expanding lens 2 is one group of ZnSe lens, is made of front lens and rear lens, and front lens focus and rear lens focus overlap or almost overlap, this group ZnSe lens to 10.6 mum wavelength light transmission rates reach 92% or more than, and it is expanded.The effect of expanding will improve the collimation of light beam, and the light-wave energy density that simultaneously scanning galvanometer is born is lower, protects better galvanometer, extends its service life; And beam expanding lens 2 can make laser obtain less hot spot when shaped platform 6 focuses on.Because power density and scanning density etc. can affect the sintering feature significantly, meticulousr hot spot can obtain higher Forming Quality.
Scanning galvanometer device 3 is comprised of the level crossing 31 of galvanometer motor, galvanometer control panel and two orthogonal high reflectances; The galvanometer control panel connects galvanometer motor, and galvanometer motor connection level crossing 31, and the galvanometer control panel is by the swing of galvanometer motor control plane mirror 31.Two orthogonal high reflectances (〉 98%) level crossing 31 is realized controlling laser beam and is moved in X-axis, Y direction, when surpassing 40 ° the linearity still remain on 99.9% with, maximum reading drift is 50PPM/ ℃, maximum zero shift is every ℃ of 15 microradian, and repeatability reaches 2 microradians.Adopt above structure, scanning galvanometer device 3 can be better for the even light of pulse laser, and registration, and laser beam can reach 0.1mm ± 0.05mm at the mobile accuracy at shaped platform place.
Condenser lens 4 is F-θ lens, i.e. flat field condenser lens.Condenser lens 4 adopts the ZnSe monocrystal material to make and be coated with antireflective coating outward.Paraxial inclination angle after laser beam focuses on is no more than ± and 20 °.If laser sintering and moulding equipment is 400mm*400mm*350mm to the moulding scope of parts, the top is no more than the 500mm place because the flat field condenser lens is positioned in shaped platform, make laser very little in the incidence angle of material surface, be transformed to circularly polarized light so needn't add extra parts, need do not consider that also polarization characteristic is on the impact of Forming Quality.
The present embodiment also comprises control device 5, this control device 5 is made of control system computer 51 and galvanometer controller 52, control system computer 51 is connected connection with galvanometer controller, control system computer 51 connects lasing light emitters 1, and galvanometer controller 52 connects scanning galvanometer devices 3; Lasing light emitter 1 is connected all, and control device 5 connects, communication with the scanning galvanometer device.Control device 5 is controlled by general control system, and to be mainly that software program is realized in forming process orderly, the automatic control of logic, and this also can realize by circuits for triggering.The direct modulated RF pulse power 12 of control device 5, and communicate with control circuit that the galvanometer control panel of scanning galvanometer device 3 carries.Control device 5 has very flexible succinct man-machine interaction interface, can carry out real-time parameter and regulate: laser scanning speed, laser power, scanning density, bed thickness, scan mode, multiplication factor etc.For continuous laser, the laser irradiation time is determined by laser scanning speed; For pulse laser, the laser irradiation time is determined jointly by pulsewidth and laser scanning speed.Certainly, can rule of thumb reach the analysis to sectional view after the layering of structure body, pre-set parameter, equipment also can automatically carry out laser fast shaping until whole member is printed completes.
Between each parts such as lasing light emitter described in the present embodiment 1, beam expanding lens 2, scanning galvanometer device 3 and flat field condenser lens 4, all connect by sealing and dustproof parts, and the supports such as seat cushion, sealing ring are arranged all, reach rigid attachment, and require zero-clearance to seal to reach the dustless interference of light path, stable purpose.For example in beam expanding lens 2 parts, the metal sealing parts that designed duster coat and be connected with laser instrument 11 enter scanning galvanometer device 3 places dust-proof seal ring also are housed.
Other structure of the laser optical path guidance system of the present embodiment laser sintering and moulding technology equipment is referring to prior art.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, if various changes of the present invention or modification are not broken away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, if within these changes and modification belonged to claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies scope, the present invention also was intended to comprise these changes and modification.

Claims (9)

1. the laser optical path guidance system of laser sintering and moulding equipment is characterized in that: the beam expanding lens that comprises lasing light emitter, coordinates with this lasing light emitter, with the scanning galvanometer device and the flat field condenser lens that is connected with this scanning galvanometer device of this beam expanding lens cooperation; Laser sintering and moulding equipment is provided with shaped platform, and the focus of flat field condenser lens falls within the center of this shaped platform.
2. laser optical path guidance system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described lasing light emitter, described beam expanding lens and described scanning galvanometer device distribute along X-direction, described flat field condenser lens and described scanning galvanometer device distribute along Y direction, and X-axis is vertical with Y-axis; The laser that lasing light emitter sends first penetrates along X-axis, then changes direction by the scanning galvanometer device, along the described shaped platform of Y-axis directive.
3. laser optical path guidance system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described lasing light emitter comprises laser instrument and the radio-frequency pulse power supply that is connected with this laser instrument; Laser instrument is carbon dioxide laser, by the described radio-frequency pulse power supply modulation of 50MHz, thus the pulse laser of output 5kHz.
4. laser optical path guidance system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the outer wall of described laser instrument is provided with fin, and also is arranged with for dustproof outer cover, and this outer cover is provided with fan.
5. laser optical path guidance system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described beam expanding lens is one group of zinc selenide ZnSe lens, this group ZnSe lens are made of front lens and rear lens, front lens focus and rear lens focus overlap, this group ZnSe lens to 10.6 mum wavelength light transmission rates reach 92% or more than, and it is expanded.
6. laser optical path guidance system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described scanning galvanometer device is comprised of galvanometer motor, galvanometer control panel and two orthogonal level crossings; The galvanometer control panel connects galvanometer motor, and galvanometer motor connects level crossing.
7. laser optical path guidance system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described condenser lens is the flat field condenser lens, adopt the ZnSe monocrystal material to make and be coated with antireflective coating, the laser beam of 10.6 μ m converges at the shaped platform place after this flat field convergent lens.
8. laser optical path guidance system as described in claim 1 to 8 any one, it is characterized in that: also comprise control device, this control device consists of by the control system computer with galvanometer controller, the control system computer be connected with galvanometer controller, the control system computer connects described lasing light emitter, and galvanometer controller connects described scanning galvanometer device.
9. laser optical path guidance system as described in claim 1 to 8 any one, is characterized in that: between described lasing light emitter, described beam expanding lens, described scanning galvanometer device and described flat field condenser lens, all connect by sealing and dustproof parts.
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Cited By (12)

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CN103407296A (en) * 2013-07-29 2013-11-27 南京鼎科纳米技术研究所有限公司 Method for achieving high-melting-point material 3D printing through nanometer ink together with laser melting
CN103433625A (en) * 2013-09-04 2013-12-11 昆山市三星机械制造有限公司 Laser texturing machine for plastic mold
CN103737929A (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-04-23 招銮 Air blowing cooling device for focusing lens of two-axis scanner of 3D (three-dimensional) printer
CN103994973A (en) * 2014-06-16 2014-08-20 中国农业大学 Raman spectrum detection head and detection method
CN104020153A (en) * 2014-06-16 2014-09-03 中国农业大学 Raman spectrum detection system and method
CN104607638A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-05-13 广东汉唐量子光电科技有限公司 Novel laser output device for 3D printing
CN106424733A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-02-22 广东汉唐量子光电科技有限公司 CoCrMo alloy dental crown 3D printing and electrolytic polishing combined machining system
CN106926447A (en) * 2017-04-14 2017-07-07 华南理工大学 A kind of multichannel wire feed lf deposits LFDM shaped devices and method
CN107053429A (en) * 2017-06-23 2017-08-18 山东大学 It is a kind of to realize the 3D printer and method of ceramic part base substrate precision form
WO2018145548A1 (en) * 2017-02-10 2018-08-16 上海联泰科技股份有限公司 Layered construction object image processing method, printing method, and 3d printing device
CN111163941A (en) * 2017-11-23 2020-05-15 普罗科技有限公司 Laser device for printed electronic system and working method thereof
CN115138868A (en) * 2021-03-31 2022-10-04 广东汉邦激光科技有限公司 Metal 3D printing device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103407296A (en) * 2013-07-29 2013-11-27 南京鼎科纳米技术研究所有限公司 Method for achieving high-melting-point material 3D printing through nanometer ink together with laser melting
CN103433625A (en) * 2013-09-04 2013-12-11 昆山市三星机械制造有限公司 Laser texturing machine for plastic mold
CN103737929A (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-04-23 招銮 Air blowing cooling device for focusing lens of two-axis scanner of 3D (three-dimensional) printer
CN104020153B (en) * 2014-06-16 2017-02-01 中国农业大学 Raman spectrum detection system and method
CN104020153A (en) * 2014-06-16 2014-09-03 中国农业大学 Raman spectrum detection system and method
CN103994973A (en) * 2014-06-16 2014-08-20 中国农业大学 Raman spectrum detection head and detection method
CN104607638A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-05-13 广东汉唐量子光电科技有限公司 Novel laser output device for 3D printing
CN106424733A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-02-22 广东汉唐量子光电科技有限公司 CoCrMo alloy dental crown 3D printing and electrolytic polishing combined machining system
WO2018145548A1 (en) * 2017-02-10 2018-08-16 上海联泰科技股份有限公司 Layered construction object image processing method, printing method, and 3d printing device
CN106926447A (en) * 2017-04-14 2017-07-07 华南理工大学 A kind of multichannel wire feed lf deposits LFDM shaped devices and method
CN107053429A (en) * 2017-06-23 2017-08-18 山东大学 It is a kind of to realize the 3D printer and method of ceramic part base substrate precision form
CN111163941A (en) * 2017-11-23 2020-05-15 普罗科技有限公司 Laser device for printed electronic system and working method thereof
CN115138868A (en) * 2021-03-31 2022-10-04 广东汉邦激光科技有限公司 Metal 3D printing device
CN115138868B (en) * 2021-03-31 2024-04-05 广东汉邦激光科技有限公司 Metal 3D printing device

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