CN103049349A - Snapshot method and system based on tiered storage - Google Patents
Snapshot method and system based on tiered storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN103049349A CN103049349A CN2012104986627A CN201210498662A CN103049349A CN 103049349 A CN103049349 A CN 103049349A CN 2012104986627 A CN2012104986627 A CN 2012104986627A CN 201210498662 A CN201210498662 A CN 201210498662A CN 103049349 A CN103049349 A CN 103049349A
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Abstract
The invention provides a snapshot method and a system based on tiered storage. The snapshot method is applied to a snapshot system which comprises at least one solid-state disk and at least one hard disk drive. The snapshot method includes the following steps: (a) creating a snapshot address mapping table, (b) writing mapping relations between the logic address and physical address of updated data in the created snapshot address mapping table when data are updated in the solid-state disk, (c) storing the written snapshot address mapping table when the scheduled time point comes and creating a new snapshot address mapping table; (d) backing up the corresponding snapshot data of the stored snapshot address mapping table in the hard disk drive according to the scheduled backup strategy when an scheduled backup opportunity comes. According to the snapshot method and system based on tiered storage, at latest current data are stored in a high-speed solid-state disk so that the read-write speed of data is improved, meanwhile, snapshot data are stored in a low-speed hard disk drive so that the use efficiency of the solid-state disk is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to snapping technique in the field of storage, relate in particular to a kind of Snapshot Method and system based on the layering storage.
Background technology
The solid state disk read-write characteristics, the read-write unit is page or leaf, and erase unit is piece.Every secondary data writes in the new blank page, and that original page or leaf will be recorded etc. is to be recycled.So controller is realized FTL(Flash Translation Layer, flash translation layer (FTL)) function is kept logical address to the mapping of actual physical address, when Data Update, only the logical address of these data need to be corresponded to the new physics address and get final product, the data of original physical address etc. are to be recycled.
Snapshot (Snapshot) technology is a complete usable copy about the specific data set, and this copy comprises that corresponding data is at the reflection of certain time point (time point of copy beginning).Current snapping technique based on solid state hard disc, utilize the characteristics of solid state hard disc, when carrying out snapshot operation, need not snapshot data done and move operation, only needing that logical address in the snapshot recorded information is carried out Save and restore to the mapping relations table of physical address operates, thereby accelerated snapshot operation speed, specifically can be referring to Chinese patent application CN201110454247.7 disclosed a kind of data storage snapshot implementing method and solid state hard disc based on solid state hard disc.But As time goes on, snapshot data can be more and more huger, thereby increasing to the demand of solid state hard disc, and the overall system cost sharply increases.
In summary, existing snapshot memory technology obviously exists inconvenience and defective in actual use, so be necessary to be improved.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defective, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Snapshot Method and system based on the layering storage, it adopts the thought of layering storage, up-to-date current data is kept in the solid state hard disc at a high speed, to improve reading and writing data speed; Simultaneously snapshot data is saved in the mechanical hard disk of low speed, to improve the service efficiency of solid state hard disc.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of Snapshot Method based on the layering storage, described snapshot
Method is applied to comprise the fast photographic system of at least one solid state hard disc and at least one mechanical hard disk composition, comprises that step has:
Create the snapshot address mapping table;
When in the described solid state hard disc Data Update being arranged, with more the logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address write in the snapshot address mapping table that is created;
When predetermined snapshot time point arrives, preserve the described snapshot address mapping table that is written into, and create new snapshot address mapping table;
When meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, the snapshot data corresponding to described snapshot address mapping table that will be saved according to predetermined backup policy backups to described mechanical hard disk.
According to Snapshot Method of the present invention, described backup includes opportunity:
When described solid state hard disc is idle, start the snapshot data backup;
When being lower than predetermined threshold, the residual capacity of described solid state hard disc starts the snapshot data backup; And/or
Manually boot the snapshot data backup.
According to Snapshot Method of the present invention, described backup policy includes:
With whole snapshot data backups; Perhaps
Keep the snapshot data of last pre-determined number, and back up remaining snapshot data.
According to Snapshot Method of the present invention, also comprise before the step of described establishment snapshot address mapping table:
Create data field and snapshot table district in described solid state hard disc, described data field is used for storing described snapshot data and current data, and described snapshot table district is used for storing described snapshot address mapping table.
According to Snapshot Method of the present invention, also comprise after the step of the described snapshot address mapping table that described preservation is written into:
With described snapshot time point corresponding on the described snapshot address mapping table mark that is saved;
Hash memory pages corresponding to described physical address in the described snapshot address mapping table that is saved is labeled as snapshot uses page or leaf, described snapshot use page or leaf will be by garbage reclamation;
The step that snapshot data corresponding to described snapshot address mapping table that the predetermined backup policy of described basis will be saved backups to described mechanical hard disk also comprises afterwards:
The Hash memory pages corresponding to described physical address of carrying out in described snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup is labeled as invalid page or leaf to wait for garbage reclamation;
Described snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup carried out in deletion.
The present invention also provides a kind of fast photographic system based on the layering storage, comprises at least one solid state hard disc and at least one mechanical hard disk, and described solid state hard disc also includes:
The table creation module is used for creating the snapshot address mapping table;
The address writing module is used for when described solid state hard disc has Data Update, with more the logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address write in the snapshot address mapping table that is created;
Table is preserved module, is used for preserving the described snapshot address mapping table that is written into, and notifying described table creation module to go to create new snapshot address mapping table when predetermined snapshot time point arrives;
Backup module, when meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, the snapshot data corresponding to described snapshot address mapping table that will be saved according to predetermined backup policy backups to described mechanical hard disk.
According to fast photographic system of the present invention, described backup includes opportunity:
When described solid state hard disc is idle, start the snapshot data backup;
When being lower than predetermined threshold, the residual capacity of described solid state hard disc starts the snapshot data backup; And/or
Manually boot the snapshot data backup.
According to fast photographic system of the present invention, described backup policy includes:
With whole snapshot data backups; Perhaps
Keep the snapshot data of last pre-determined number, and back up remaining snapshot data.
According to fast photographic system of the present invention, described solid state hard disc also comprises:
Division module is used for creating data field and snapshot table district at described solid state hard disc, and described data field is used for storing described snapshot data and current data, and described snapshot table district is used for storing described snapshot address mapping table.
According to fast photographic system of the present invention, described table is preserved module and is further comprised:
Preserve submodule, be used for when predetermined snapshot time point arrives, preserving the described snapshot address mapping table that is written into;
The notice submodule is used for notifying described table creation module to go to create new snapshot address mapping table;
The first mark submodule is used for described snapshot time point corresponding on the described snapshot address mapping table mark that will be saved;
The second mark submodule, Hash memory pages corresponding to described physical address that is used for the described snapshot address mapping table that will be saved is labeled as snapshot and uses page or leaf, and described snapshot uses the page or leaf will be not by garbage reclamation;
Described backup module further comprises:
The backup submodule is used for when meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, and the snapshot data corresponding to described snapshot address mapping table that will be saved according to predetermined backup policy backups to described mechanical hard disk;
The 3rd mark submodule is labeled as invalid page or leaf to wait for garbage reclamation for Hash memory pages corresponding to described physical address that will carry out described snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup;
The deletion submodule is used for deletion and has carried out described snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup.
The fast photographic system that the present invention is based on the layering storage comprises solid state hard disc and mechanical hard disk, it creates the snapshot address mapping table in solid state hard disc, when in the solid state hard disc Data Update being arranged, with more the logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address write in the described snapshot address mapping table; When the snapshot time point arrives, preserve described snapshot address mapping table; When meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, snapshot data corresponding to described snapshot address mapping table backuped to described mechanical hard disk.Whereby, the present invention adopts the thought of layering storage, takes full advantage of the characteristics of solid state hard disc, up-to-date current data is kept in the solid state hard disc at a high speed, thereby improves reading and writing data speed; Snapshot data is saved in the mechanical hard disk of low speed simultaneously, thus the service efficiency of raising solid state hard disc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the fast photographic system of layering storage;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention is preferably based on the fast photographic system of layering storage;
Fig. 3 is the framework instance figure that the present invention is based on the fast photographic system of layering storage;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that the present invention is based on the Snapshot Method of layering storage;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram that the present invention is preferably based on the Snapshot Method of layering storage; And
The subregion instance graph of Fig. 6 solid state hard disc of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the fast photographic system of layering storage, described fast photographic system 100 comprises at least one solid state hard disc 10 and at least one mechanical hard disk 20, described solid state hard disc 10 includes table creation module 11, address writing module 12, table preservation module 13 and backup module 14 at least, wherein:
Described table creation module 11 be used for to create the snapshot address mapping table, and described snapshot address mapping table is used for preserving the more logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address, to identify snapshot data, is different from the address mapping table among the FTL.Preferably, when fast photographic system 100 starts or receive when table is preserved the notice of module 13 that table creation module 11 creates the snapshot address mapping table of a sky.
Described address writing module 12 is used for when solid state hard disc 10 has Data Update, with more the logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address write in the snapshot address mapping table that is created.
Described table is preserved module 13, is used for preserve the snapshot address mapping table that is written into, and notification list creation module 11 going to create new snapshot address mapping table when predetermined snapshot time point arrives.Described new snapshot address mapping table can write more logical address and the physical address of new data constantly for Data Update next time.
Described backup module 14 when meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, backups to mechanical hard disk 20 according to predetermined backup policy with snapshot data corresponding to snapshot address mapping table that is saved.
The backup opportunity of described snapshot data and backup policy can be by fast photographic system 100 Lookup protocols, also can be by the User Defined setting.
Preferably, described backup includes opportunity:
1) starts the snapshot data backup during 10 free time at solid state hard disc;
2) when being lower than predetermined threshold, the residual capacity of solid state hard disc 10 starts the snapshot data backup; And/or
3) manually boot the snapshot data backup.
Preferably, described backup policy includes:
1) with whole snapshot data backup; Perhaps
2) keep the snapshot data of last pre-determined number, and back up remaining snapshot data.
Fast photographic system 100 of the present invention adopts the thought of layering storage, takes full advantage of the characteristics of solid state hard disc 10, improves system's snapshot speed.Up-to-date current data is kept at solid state hard disc 10(high speed storing medium at a high speed) in, to improve reading and writing data speed; Snapshot data is saved in mechanical hard disk 20(low speed storage medium) in, to improve the service efficiency of solid state hard disc 10.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention is preferably based on the fast photographic system of layering storage, described fast photographic system 100 comprises at least one solid state hard disc 10 and at least one mechanical hard disk 20, described solid state hard disc 10 includes table creation module 11, address writing module 12, table preservation module 13, backup module 14 and division module 15, wherein:
Described division module 15 is used for solid state hard disc 10 is divided into two districts, namely creates data field and snapshot table district in solid state hard disc 10, and described data field is used for storage snapshot data and current data, and described snapshot table district is used for storage snapshot address mapping table.
Described table creation module 11 is used for creating the snapshot address mapping table, and described snapshot address mapping table is deposited in snapshot table district.
Described address writing module 12 is used for when solid state hard disc 10 has Data Update, with more the logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address write in the snapshot address mapping table that is created.Concrete is that whether when in the solid state hard disc 10 Data Update being arranged, judging has the more logical address of new data in the current snapshot address mapping table, if the physical address that then upgrades in this record is arranged, otherwise increases a record.
Described table is preserved module 13 and is further comprised:
Preserve submodule 131, be used for when predetermined snapshot time point arrives, preserving the snapshot address mapping table that is written into.
The first mark submodule 133 is used for snapshot time point corresponding on the snapshot address mapping table mark that is saved.
The second mark submodule 134, Hash memory pages corresponding to physical address that is used for the snapshot address mapping table that will be saved is labeled as snapshot and uses page or leaf, and described snapshot uses the page or leaf will be not by garbage reclamation.When flash storage FTL of the present invention is realized page management is increased " snapshot uses page or leaf " state, the Hash memory pages that is in " snapshot uses page or leaf " state is not cleared up by garbage reclamation.
Described backup module 14 further comprises:
The 3rd mark submodule 142 is labeled as invalid page or leaf to wait for garbage reclamation for Hash memory pages corresponding to physical address that will carry out snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup.
At last, solid state hard disc 10 will upgrade the Hash memory pages state.
Fig. 3 is the framework instance figure that the present invention is based on the fast photographic system of layering storage, described fast photographic system 100 comprises low capacity storage unit in high speed and large capacity low-speed storage unit, described low capacity storage unit in high speed comprises a solid state hard disc, described large capacity low-speed storage unit comprises RAID(Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks, disk array), described RAID is comprised of some mechanical hard disks.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that the present invention is based on the Snapshot Method of layering storage, and it can pass through to realize that such as Fig. 1 or fast photographic system 100 shown in Figure 2 described Snapshot Method comprises that step has:
Step S401 creates the snapshot address mapping table.Described snapshot address mapping table is used for preserving the more logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address, with the sign snapshot data.Preferably, when fast photographic system 100 starts or receive and create the snapshot address mapping table of a sky when table is preserved the notice of module 13.
Step S402 is when having Data Update in the solid state hard disc 10, with more the logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address write in the snapshot address mapping table that is created.
Step S403 when predetermined snapshot time point arrives, preserves the snapshot address mapping table that is written into, and creates new snapshot address mapping table.Described new snapshot address mapping table can write more logical address and the physical address of new data constantly for Data Update next time.
Step S404 when meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, backups to mechanical hard disk 20 according to predetermined backup policy with snapshot data corresponding to snapshot address mapping table that is saved.
The backup opportunity of described snapshot data and backup policy can be by fast photographic system 100 Lookup protocols, also can be by the User Defined setting.
Preferably, described backup includes opportunity:
1) starts the snapshot data backup during 10 free time at solid state hard disc;
2) when being lower than predetermined threshold, the residual capacity of solid state hard disc 10 starts the snapshot data backup; And/or
3) manually boot the snapshot data backup.
Preferably, described backup policy includes:
1) with whole snapshot data backup; Perhaps
2) keep the snapshot data of last pre-determined number, and back up remaining snapshot data.
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram that the present invention is preferably based on the Snapshot Method of layering storage, and it can realize that described Snapshot Method comprises that step has by fast photographic system 100 as shown in Figure 2:
Step S501 creates data field and snapshot table district in solid state hard disc 10.As shown in Figure 6, solid state hard disc 10 is divided into data field and these two districts, snapshot table district, and described data field is used for storage snapshot data and current data; Described snapshot table district is used for storage snapshot address mapping table.In the present embodiment, described snapshot table has been deposited snapshot address mapping table 1 and snapshot address mapping table 2 in the district.
Step S502 creates the snapshot address mapping table, and described snapshot address mapping table is deposited in snapshot table district.
Step S503 is when having Data Update in the solid state hard disc 10, with more the logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address write in the snapshot address mapping table that is created.Concrete is that whether when in the solid state hard disc 10 Data Update being arranged, judging has the more logical address of new data in the current snapshot address mapping table, if the physical address that then upgrades in this record is arranged, otherwise increases a record.
Step S504 when predetermined snapshot time point arrives, preserves the snapshot address mapping table that is written into, and creates new snapshot address mapping table, and with snapshot time point corresponding on the snapshot address mapping table mark that is saved.
Step S505 is labeled as snapshot with Hash memory pages corresponding to physical address in the snapshot address mapping table that is saved and uses page or leaf, and snapshot use page or leaf will be by garbage reclamation.When flash storage FTL of the present invention is realized page management is increased " snapshot uses page or leaf " state, the Hash memory pages that is in " snapshot uses page or leaf " state is not cleared up by garbage reclamation.
Step S506 when meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, backups to mechanical hard disk 20 according to predetermined backup policy with snapshot data corresponding to snapshot address mapping table that is saved.Preferably, when enabling the snapshot data backup when satisfying condition, read from the old to the new the snapshot address mapping table, the data in snapshot time point information, logical address and the corresponding Physical Page thereof are saved in the mechanical hard disk 20.Certainly, mechanical hard disk 20 also need be set up the address mapping table that comprises logical address and new physics address, so that snapshot data uses when recovering.
Step S507 is labeled as invalid page or leaf to wait for garbage reclamation with the Hash memory pages corresponding to physical address of carrying out in snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup.
Step S508, snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup carried out in deletion.
Step S509 upgrades the Hash memory pages state.
In sum, the fast photographic system that the present invention is based on the layering storage comprises solid state hard disc and mechanical hard disk, it creates the snapshot address mapping table in solid state hard disc, when in the solid state hard disc Data Update being arranged, with more the logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address write in the described snapshot address mapping table; When the snapshot time point arrives, preserve described snapshot address mapping table; When meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, snapshot data corresponding to described snapshot address mapping table backuped to described mechanical hard disk.Whereby, the present invention adopts the thought of layering storage, takes full advantage of the characteristics of solid state hard disc, up-to-date current data is kept in the solid state hard disc at a high speed, thereby improves reading and writing data speed; Snapshot data is saved in the mechanical hard disk of low speed simultaneously, thus the service efficiency of raising solid state hard disc.
Certainly; the present invention also can have other various embodiments; in the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make according to the present invention various corresponding changes and distortion, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the Snapshot Method based on the layering storage is characterized in that, described Snapshot Method is applied to comprise the fast photographic system of at least one solid state hard disc and at least one mechanical hard disk composition, comprises that step has:
Create the snapshot address mapping table;
When in the described solid state hard disc Data Update being arranged, with more the logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address write in the snapshot address mapping table that is created;
When predetermined snapshot time point arrives, preserve the described snapshot address mapping table that is written into, and create new snapshot address mapping table;
When meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, the snapshot data corresponding to described snapshot address mapping table that will be saved according to predetermined backup policy backups to described mechanical hard disk.
2. Snapshot Method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described backup includes opportunity:
When described solid state hard disc is idle, start the snapshot data backup;
When being lower than predetermined threshold, the residual capacity of described solid state hard disc starts the snapshot data backup; And/or
Manually boot the snapshot data backup.
3. Snapshot Method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described backup policy includes:
With whole snapshot data backups; Perhaps
Keep the snapshot data of last pre-determined number, and back up remaining snapshot data.
4. Snapshot Method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises before the step of described establishment snapshot address mapping table:
Create data field and snapshot table district in described solid state hard disc, described data field is used for storing described snapshot data and current data, and described snapshot table district is used for storing described snapshot address mapping table.
5. each described Snapshot Method is characterized in that according to claim 1 ~ 4, also comprises after the step of the described snapshot address mapping table that described preservation is written into:
With described snapshot time point corresponding on the described snapshot address mapping table mark that is saved;
Hash memory pages corresponding to described physical address in the described snapshot address mapping table that is saved is labeled as snapshot uses page or leaf, described snapshot use page or leaf will be by garbage reclamation;
The step that snapshot data corresponding to described snapshot address mapping table that the predetermined backup policy of described basis will be saved backups to described mechanical hard disk also comprises afterwards:
The Hash memory pages corresponding to described physical address of carrying out in described snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup is labeled as invalid page or leaf to wait for garbage reclamation;
Described snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup carried out in deletion.
6. fast photographic system based on layering storage is characterized in that comprise at least one solid state hard disc and at least one mechanical hard disk, described solid state hard disc also includes:
The table creation module is used for creating the snapshot address mapping table;
The address writing module is used for when described solid state hard disc has Data Update, with more the logical address of new data and the mapping relations of physical address write in the snapshot address mapping table that is created;
Table is preserved module, is used for preserving the described snapshot address mapping table that is written into, and notifying described table creation module to go to create new snapshot address mapping table when predetermined snapshot time point arrives;
Backup module, when meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, the snapshot data corresponding to described snapshot address mapping table that will be saved according to predetermined backup policy backups to described mechanical hard disk.
7. fast photographic system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described backup includes opportunity:
When described solid state hard disc is idle, start the snapshot data backup;
When being lower than predetermined threshold, the residual capacity of described solid state hard disc starts the snapshot data backup; And/or
Manually boot the snapshot data backup.
8. fast photographic system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described backup policy includes:
With whole snapshot data backups; Perhaps
Keep the snapshot data of last pre-determined number, and back up remaining snapshot data.
9. fast photographic system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described solid state hard disc also comprises:
Division module is used for creating data field and snapshot table district at described solid state hard disc, and described data field is used for storing described snapshot data and current data, and described snapshot table district is used for storing described snapshot address mapping table.
10. each described fast photographic system is characterized in that according to claim 6 ~ 9, and described table is preserved module and further comprised:
Preserve submodule, be used for when predetermined snapshot time point arrives, preserving the described snapshot address mapping table that is written into;
The notice submodule is used for notifying described table creation module to go to create new snapshot address mapping table;
The first mark submodule is used for described snapshot time point corresponding on the described snapshot address mapping table mark that will be saved;
The second mark submodule, Hash memory pages corresponding to described physical address that is used for the described snapshot address mapping table that will be saved is labeled as snapshot and uses page or leaf, and described snapshot uses the page or leaf will be not by garbage reclamation;
Described backup module further comprises:
The backup submodule is used for when meeting predetermined backup during opportunity, and the snapshot data corresponding to described snapshot address mapping table that will be saved according to predetermined backup policy backups to described mechanical hard disk;
The 3rd mark submodule is labeled as invalid page or leaf to wait for garbage reclamation for Hash memory pages corresponding to described physical address that will carry out described snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup;
The deletion submodule is used for deletion and has carried out described snapshot address mapping table corresponding to snapshot data backup.
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