CN103038989B - 用于切换电力变换器控制器的多个电源 - Google Patents

用于切换电力变换器控制器的多个电源 Download PDF

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CN103038989B
CN103038989B CN201180036965.0A CN201180036965A CN103038989B CN 103038989 B CN103038989 B CN 103038989B CN 201180036965 A CN201180036965 A CN 201180036965A CN 103038989 B CN103038989 B CN 103038989B
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CN103038989A (zh
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约翰·L·梅兰松
埃里克·J·金
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]

Abstract

电子系统（200）包括两个电源（202，210）以向切换电力变换器供应工作（VDD）电压。被称为启动电源的第一电源（202）包括第一源跟随晶体管（212）以导通用于控制器（204）的启动电流并供应用于控制器的工作电压。控制器控制切换电力变换器的工作。第二电源（210）（被称为辅助电源）包括第二源跟随晶体管（218）以导通用于控制器的稳态工作电流并供应用于控制器的工作电压。在至少一种实施方式中，一旦第二电源开始向控制器供应工作电压，启动电源自动停止向控制器供应启动电流。

Description

用于切换电力变换器控制器的多个电源
相关申请的引用
本申请基于35U.S.C.§119(e)和37C.F.R.§1.78要求2010年7月30日提交的题为“LED照明方法和设备(LED LightingMethods and Apparatuses)”的美国临时申请第61/369,202号的权益，通过引用将其全文并入本文中。本申请还基于35U.S.C.§119(e)和37C.F.R.§1.78要求2011年3月31日提交的题为“用于切换电力变换器控制器的多个电源(Multiple Power Sources For ASwitching Power Converter Controller)”的美国专利申请第13/077,421号的权益，通过引用将其全文并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明大体涉及电子领域，更具体地，涉及用于切换电力变换器控制器的多个电源的方法和系统。
背景技术
许多系统使用集成电路控制器。每个控制器一般利用交流(AC)或直流(DC)电源进行工作。在某些实施方式中，诸如美国的60Hz/110V线路电压和欧洲的50Hz/220V线路电压这样的较高电压源可用于向控制器供电。然而，控制器的电压需求一般比可用线路电压要低得多。因此，出于效率，控制器经常从提供更符合控制器的最大电压要求的电压的辅助电源处接收电力。然而，辅助电源常常是从线路电压源处生成电力，因此，不能立即开始向控制器传送启动电压。因此，许多控制器从该较高电压源处接收启动电压并完全地或部分地切换辅助电源以传送稳态工作电力。
图1示出了包括IC控制器102的电子系统100，其中该IC控制器102控制切换电力变换器104的电力输送。电压源106向全桥二极管整流器108供应交流(AC)输入电压VIN。电压源106是例如公用设备，AC电压VIN是例如美国的60Hz/110V线路电压或欧洲的50Hz/220V线路电压。全桥整流器108向切换电力变换器104供应整流后的AC电压Vx。电容器110从整流后的电压Vx处滤除高频分量。
电压源112供应初始启动电流iSU和工作电压VDD。电压源112包括电阻器114和电容器116。电阻器114被连接在具有整流后的电压Vx的节点118与节点120之间并提供用于初始启动电流iSU的电流通路。初始启动电流iSU将电容器116充电，电容器116保持节点120处于直流(DC)工作电压电平VDD下。
当节点120达到工作电压电平VDD时，控制器102开始控制切换电力变换器104。切换电力变换器104是升压型电力变换器，其将整流后的电压VX升压以在链路电容器122两边生成实质上的直流链路电压VLINK。当FET开关127导通时，链路电容器122供应电流来给变压器125的初级线圈123通电。为了控制切换电力变换器104，控制器102生成切换控制信号C0来控制场效应管(FET)开关124的导通状态。当开关124导通时，电感器电流iL使电感器126通电。二极管127防止链路电容器122通过开关124放电。当开关124停止导通时，电感器126放电，电感器电流iL补充链路电容器122上的电荷以保持链路电压VLINK在一个基本恒定的值。控制器102还生成开关控制信号C1来控制开关127的导通，进而控制电流流入初级线圈123。
变压器125包括两个次级线圈。当控制器102开始控制切换电力变换器104而且切换电力变换器104开始生成链路电压VLINK并使初级线圈123通电时，次级线圈128将负载电压VLD跨电容器130供应至负载132。二极管180防止电容器130通过次级线圈128放电。负载132可以是任何类型的负载，诸如包括任意类型光源(诸如一个或多个发光二极管(LED)或一个或多个荧光源)的照明系统、一个或多个电机、或一个或多个便携电源。
电子系统100包括稳态工作期间向控制器102供应电力的辅助电源133。辅助电源133包括辅助线圈134、辅助线圈134代表变压器125的另一个次级线圈。当次级线圈128开始通电时，辅助线圈134通电。辅助线圈产生等于工作电压VDD的电压并向控制器102供应启动后的工作电压iPSU_OP。辅助电源133还包括二极管136和稳压二极管(Zener diode)138。二极管136防止反向电流流入辅助线圈134，稳压二极管138保持节点120处的电压处于工作电压VDD。在电子系统100的某些实施方式中，切换电力变换器100包括可选的FET开关140。直到辅助线圈134两端的电压达到工作电压VDD，控制器102生成开关控制信号C2来使得开关140导通。当辅助线圈134两端的电压达到了工作电压VDD，控制器102生成开关控制信号C2来使得开关140导通并停止流过电阻器114的启动电流iSU。
电子系统100存在多种缺点。例如，没有开关140，当辅助线圈134通电并供应电流iPSU_OP时，启动电流iSU继续流过电阻器114。流过电阻器114的电流产生功率损耗，该损耗等于启动电流iSU的平方乘以电阻器114的电阻值。如果电子系统100包括开关140，控制器102则具有生成控制信号C2的额外的众所周知的复杂性。此外，开关140一般是高电压FET，其比低电压FET更加昂贵。
发明内容
在本发明的一种实施方式中，一种设备包括：第一电源，具有第一源跟随晶体管来导通用于控制器的启动电流并提供用于控制器的工作电压。该设备进一步包括第二电源，其具有第二源跟随晶体管来导通用于控制器的稳态工作电流并提供用于控制器的工作电压(operating voltage)。
在本发明的另一种实施方式中，一种方法包括：从具有导通启动电流的第一源跟随晶体管的第一电源供应用于控制器的启动电流并供应用于控制器的工作电压。该方法进一步包括从具有导通稳态工作电流的第二源跟随晶体管的第二电源供应用于控制器的稳态工作电流并供应用于控制器的工作电压。
在本发明的又一实施方式中，一种设备包括：切换电力变换器；以及控制器，耦接至切换电力变换器来控制切换电力变换器的工作。该设备还包括：第一电源，具有第一源跟随晶体管来导通用于控制器的启动电流并供应用于控制器的工作电压。该设备进一步包括：第二电源，具有第二源跟随晶体管来导通用于控制器的稳态工作电流并供应用于控制器的工作电压。
附图说明
通过参照附图，本发明可被更好的理解，对于本领域技术人员来说本发明的多个目标、特征、优点是显而易见的。多幅图中的相同附图标记的使用代表相同或相似的元件。
图1(标示现有技术)示出了具有用于向切换电力变换器控制器提供电力的两个电压源的电子系统。
图2示出了具有用于向切换电力变换器控制器供电的带有源跟随晶体管的两个电压源的电子系统。
图3示出了图2的电子系统的实施方式。
图4示出了用于在图3的电子系统使用的变压器的实施方式。
图5示出了图3的电子系统的示例性的叠加工作电压波形。
具体实施方式
电子系统包括两个电源来向切换电力变换器供应工作电压。第一电源(被称为启动电源)包括第一源跟随晶体管以导通用于控制器的启动电流并供应用于控制器的工作电压。控制器控制切换电力变换器的工作。第二电源(被称为辅助电源)包括第二源跟随晶体管以导通用于控制器的稳态工作电流并供应用于控制器的工作电压。在至少一个实施方式中，一旦第二电源开始向控制器供应工作电压，启动电源自动地停止向控制器供应启动电流。因此，在至少一种实施方式中，启动电源的分量并不消耗功率，因此，在稳态工作期间在电子系统中不存在功率损失。
在至少一种实施方式中，控制器控制第一源跟随晶体管的源极以控制切换电力变换器。在至少一种实施方式中，第一和第二源跟随晶体管是场效应晶体管，第一和第二FET晶体管的栅极被相同的栅极电压偏置。在至少一种实施方式中，第二晶体管是低压FET，控制器控制第二晶体管的工作来调节工作电压。在至少一种实施方式中，第二晶体管比调节工作电压的传统的稳压二极管更有效率。
定义：源跟随晶体管是一种其导电性由供应电子的晶体管的部件(feature)控制的晶体管。例如，FET包括栅极部件、漏极部件、和源极部件。当FET的源极的偏置(bias)控制FET的导电性时，FET是源极跟随器。例如，双极结晶体管(BJT)包括基极部件、集电极部件和发射极部件(emitter feature)。在至少一种实施方式中，当BJT的发射极的偏置控制BJT的导电性时，BJT是源跟随器。
图2示出了具有启动电源202的电子系统200，该启动电源202在控制器204的启动期间向集成电路(IC)控制器204供电。“启动”是控制器204的工作的阶段，在该阶段期间控制器204初始化并开始工作并控制电路206。在至少一种实施方式中，电路206是诸如升压变换器、降压变换器、升降压变换器、或库克(Cúk)变换器这样的切换电力变换器。启动电源202从提供供应电压VSUP的电压供应208接收电力。电压供应208可以是任意类型的AC或DC电压供应。在至少一个实施方式中，电压供应208是被整流后的线路电压源，该电压源生成与图1中的整流后的电压VX相同的电压。在至少一种实施方式中，电压供应208是电池。
电子系统200还包括辅助电源210以在控制器204的启动后的工作期间向控制器204供电。控制器204的“启动后的工作”还可被称为“稳态”工作并指的是当控制器204正在控制电路206并且辅助电源210能够从电路206获得足够的辅助工作电压VAUX来向控制器204供应工作电压VDD时控制器204的工作阶段。
在控制器204的启动期间，电压供应208开始向启动电源202提供供应电压VSUP。启动电源202包括诸如FET或BJT这样的源跟随晶体管212。在控制器204的启动期间，分压器和电压调节器214与源跟随晶体管212导通启动电流iSU通过二极管216并向控制器204供应工作电压VDD。分压器和电压调节器214降低供应电压VS来用电压VBIAS偏置源跟随晶体管212。在启动后的工作中，控制器204生成控制信号CS0来控制源跟随晶体管212的源极以控制电路206的工作。在发明者是John L.Melanson，受让人是CirrusLogic Inc.的于2009年6月30日提交的题为“Cascode ConfiguredSwitching Using At Least One Low Breakdown Voltage Internal,Integrated Circuit Switch To Control At Least One High BreakdownVoltage External Switch”的美国专利申请第12/496,457号中描述了控制源跟随晶体管212的示例性控制器。通过引用将美国专利申请第12/496,457号(本文中被称为Melanson I)的全部内容并入本文。在至少一种实施方式中，基于源跟随晶体管212和218的FET的栅极共享公共偏置电压VBIAS并在至少一种实施方式中被连接在一起。在至少一种实施方式中，基于源跟随晶体管212和218的BJT的基极也共享公共偏置电压VBIAS并在至少一种实施方式中被连接在一起。
当控制器204开始控制电路206时，电路206向辅助电源210供应辅助电压VAUX。辅助电源210还包括源跟随晶体管218来导通稳态的、启动后的工作电流IPSU_OP并向控制器204供应工作电压VDD。在至少一种实施方式中，一旦辅助电源210开始向控制器204供应工作电压VDD，启动电源202停止向控制器204供应启动电流ISU。通过停止工作，启动电源202防止在启动电源202的工作期间出现的任何电力损耗。
图3示出电子系统300，其表示电子系统200的一种实施方式。如在之后的更详细的描述，电子系统300包括启动电源302(包括源跟随FET 304)以导通用于控制器306的启动电流iSU，并供应用于控制器306的工作电压VDD。电子系统300还包括辅助电源308(包括源跟随FET310)以导通用于控制器306的稳态工作电流IPSU_OP，并在至少一种实施方式中调节用于控制器306的工作电压VDD。在至少一种实施方式中，控制器306与控制器204相同。
电压源106、整流器108和电容器110如参照图1所述地工作以生成整流电压VX。电容器312和314组成分压器来设定FET 304的栅极偏置电压Vg。在至少一种实施方式中，电容器312和314的具体的电容值是设计选择事项。在至少一种实施方式中，电容器312的电容为22nF至47nF，电容器314的电容为47nF。电阻器313具有例如1kohm到20kohm范围内的电阻。电阻器313整形(shape)给电容器314充电的启动电流iSU并限制峰值启动电流iSU。二极管316防止栅极电流ig被导通至诸如接地参考的电压参考VREF，栅极电流ig被导通经过二极管318流向源跟随FET 304的栅极，该二极管318防止栅极电流ig的反向电流。稳压二极管320将源跟随FET 304的栅极钳位至栅极电压Vg。
栅极偏置电压Vg减去FET 304的源电压VS超过了FET 304的阈值电压。FET 304导通启动电流iSU通过电阻器324、FET 304和二极管326以对电容器328充电至工作电压VDD。电容器328的电容是例如10μF。在启动时，电容器328两端的工作电压VDD等于齐纳电压Vz减去FET 304的阈值电压VT304减去二极管326两端的二极管电压Vd。即在启动时，VDD＝VZ-VT304-Vd。FET 304是用于控制升压型切换电压变换器330的高压FET，FET 304的阈值电压VT304是例如约3V。FET 304被包括在启动电源302和切换电力变换器330两者中。
当节点332处的电压达到工作电压VDD，控制器306初始化并开始生成如Melanson I中所述那样的开关控制信号CS0。一旦控制器306开始生成开关控制信号CS0。切换电力变换器330如参考切换电力变换器104(图1)所述地在链路电容122两端生成链路电压VLINK。
链路电压VLINK将变压器334的初级线圈332通电并如参考电子系统100(图1)所述那样地经由次级线圈128感生用于负载132的负载电压VLD。初级线圈332还在次级线圈336中感生辅助电压VAUX。辅助电压VAUX使得稳态的、启动后的工作电流iPSU_OP流过二极管338和源跟随FET 310至电容器328。FET 304和310的栅极被连接在一起。因此，一旦FET 310开始导通，控制器306进入启动后工作，并且工作电压VDD等于齐纳电压VZ减去阈值电压VT310，即在启动后的工作期间，VDD＝VZ–VT310。源跟随FET 310是低压FET，因此，阈值电压VT310少于源跟随FET 304的阈值电压VT304。例如，阈值电压VT310约为2V，如之前提到那样，FET 304的阈值电压VT304例如约为3V。因此，在至少一种实施方式中，VT310与VT304之比为2:3。由于FET 304和310的栅极被连接并被偏置栅极电压Vg，在启动后的工作期间，VDD>VZ–(VT304–Vd)，启动电源302停止工作，启动电流iSU停止。
在启动后的工作中，FET 310具有源漏能量损耗。但是FET 310的源漏损耗一般少于稳压二极管138的能量损耗(图1)。此外，在至少一种实施方式中，电子系统300不具有诸如FET 140这样的高压FET来在辅助电源308开始供应稳态的、启动后的工作电流iPSU_OP并供应工作电压VDD时关闭启动电源302。由于辅助电压VAUX是比供应电压VSUP低的电压，所以从辅助电压VAUX供应工作电压VDD比从整流后的供应电压VX供应工作电压更有效率。
图4示出了变压器400。变压器400利用初级线圈402生成辅助电压VAUX。变压器400可替换电子系统300(图3)中的变压器334。用变压器400替换变压器334使得初级线圈133可以传递能量至次级线圈128，而不会传递能量至辅助线圈404来占用负载132的电力。
图5示出了电子系统300的示例性的叠加的工作电压波形。参照图3和图5，在时间t0，出现整流电压VX，由启动电源302生成的启动电流iSU使得栅极电压Vg引起FET 304导通。一旦FET 304在时间t0开始导通，电容器328从时间t0到时间t1开始充电并将节点332处的电压提高到工作电压VDD。在时间t1和t2之间，控制器306开始控制切换电力变换器330。在时间t2处，切换电力变换器330生成辅助电压VAUX。之后，辅助电压VAUX使得稳态的、启动后的工作电流iPSU_OP流动至节点332并保持电容器328两端的电压处于工作电压VDD。还是在时间t2，FET 304的源电压VS升高，从而引起启动电流iSU停止流动，启动电源302停止工作。之后，如在Melanson I中所述那样地，控制器306控制FET 304的源电压Vs以控制切换电力变换器330的工作。
因此，启动电源和辅助电源分别包括源跟随晶体管以供应工作电压VDD并分别供应启动电流和稳态的、启动后的工作电流。在启动后的工作期间，启动电源停止工作，从而减少与启动电源相关的损耗。此外，在至少一种实施方式中，启动电源并不包括高压FET，从而减少了成本。此外，在至少一种实施方式中，辅助电源包括导致比传统稳压二极管更小能量损耗的低压FET。
尽管已经详细描述了实施方式，应理解在不背离所附权利要求所规定的本发明的精神和范围的前提下，可对其进行多种改变、替换和变化。

Claims (23)

1.一种电子设备，包括：
第一电源，具有第一源跟随晶体管以导通用于控制器的启动电流并供应用于所述控制器的工作电压；以及
第二电源，具有第二源跟随晶体管以导通用于所述控制器的稳态工作电流并从供应节点供应用于所述控制器的工作电压，其中，所述第一源跟随晶体管的源极和所述第二源跟随晶体管的源极被耦接至所述供应节点，并且在所述设备工作期间，当所述第二源跟随晶体管的所述源极用所述供应节点处的所述工作电压偏置以使所述第二源跟随晶体管导通时，所述工作电压使所述第一源跟随晶体管自动截止，
其中，所述第一源跟随晶体管的栅极和所述第二源跟随晶体管的栅极被连接在一起，所述第二源跟随晶体管的阈值电压低于所述第一源跟随器的阈值电压。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述第一和第二源跟随晶体管是场效应晶体管。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备，其中，所述第一源跟随晶体管的栅极被连接至所述第二源跟随晶体管的栅极。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，第一和第二晶体管是双极结晶体管。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备，进一步包括：
切换电力变换器；以及
所述控制器，耦接至所述切换电力变换器，以控制所述切换电力变换器的工作。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述第一电源包括分压器以在所述控制器的启动期间向所述控制器供应工作电压。
7.根据权利要求6所述的设备，其中，所述分压器包括多个串联耦接的电容器。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述第二电源包括变压器的辅助绕组。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，当所述第二电源向所述控制器供应所述工作电压时，所述第一电源自动地停止向所述控制器供应所述启动电流，并且根据由以下两者构成的组中的一个成员来确定所述工作电压(1)所述第二源跟随晶体管的栅极电压减去所述第二源跟随晶体管的阈值电压和(2)所述第二源跟随晶体管的基极电压减去所述第二源跟随晶体管的基极-发射极结电压。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中，所述第二源跟随晶体管导通电流以从所述第二电源供应所述工作电压。
11.一种用于电子设备的方法，包括：
从第一电源供应用于控制器的启动电流并供应用于所述控制器的工作电压，所述第一电源具有第一源跟随晶体管以导通所述启动电流；以及
从第二电源供应用于所述控制器的稳态工作电流并从供应节点供应用于所述控制器的工作电压，所述第二电源具有第二源跟随晶体管以导通所述稳态工作电流，
其中，所述第一源跟随晶体管的源极和所述第二源跟随晶体管的源极耦接至所述供应节点，并且从所述供应节点供应工作电压进一步包括：
用所述供应节点处的所述工作电压偏置所述第二源跟随晶体管的所述源极以使所述第二源跟随晶体管导通，其中，所述工作电压使所述第一源跟随晶体管自动截止，
其中，所述第一源跟随晶体管的栅极和所述第二源跟随晶体管的栅极被连接在一起，所述第二源跟随晶体管的阈值电压低于所述第一源跟随器的阈值电压。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述第一和第二源跟随晶体管是场效应晶体管。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述第一源跟随晶体管的栅极连接至所述第二源跟随晶体管的栅极。
14.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述第一源跟随晶体管和第二源跟随晶体管是双极结晶体管。
15.根据权利要求11所述的方法，进一步包括：
控制切换电力变换器的工作。
16.根据权利要求11所述的方法，进一步包括：
使用分压器来分压被供应至所述第一电源的供应电压，以在所述控制器的启动期间向所述控制器供应工作电压。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中，所述分压器包括多个串联耦接的电容器。
18.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，从第二电源供应用于所述控制器的稳态工作电流并供应用于所述控制器的工作电压包括：
从变压器的辅助绕组接收辅助供应电压。
19.根据权利要求11所述的方法，进一步包括：
当所述第二电源向所述控制器供应所述工作电压时，自动地停止从所述第一电源向所述控制器供应所述启动电流，并且根据由以下两者构成的组中的一个成员来确定所述工作电压(1)所述第二源跟随晶体管的栅极电压减去所述第二源跟随晶体管的阈值电压和(2)所述第二源跟随晶体管的基极电压减去所述第二源跟随晶体管的基极-发射极结电压。
20.根据权利要求11所述的方法，进一步包括：
用所述第二源跟随晶体管导通电流以从所述第二电源供应所述工作电压。
21.一种电子设备，包括：
切换电力变换器，
控制器，耦接至所述切换电力变换器以控制所述切换电力变换器的工作；
第一电源，具有第一源跟随晶体管以导通用于所述控制器的启动电流并供应用于所述控制器的工作电压；
第二电源，具有第二源跟随晶体管以导通用于所述控制器的稳态工作电流并从供应节点供应用于所述控制器的工作电压，其中，所述第一源跟随晶体管的源极和所述第二源跟随晶体管的源极被耦接至所述供应节点，并且在所述设备工作期间，当所述第二源跟随晶体管的所述源极用所述供应节点处的所述工作电压偏置以使所述第二源跟随晶体管导通时，所述工作电压使所述第一源跟随晶体管自动截止，
其中，所述第一源跟随晶体管的栅极和所述第二源跟随晶体管的栅极被连接在一起，所述第二源跟随晶体管的阈值电压低于所述第一源跟随器的阈值电压。
22.根据权利要求21所述的设备，进一步包括：耦接至所述切换电力变换器的负载。
23.根据权利要求22所述的设备，其中，所述负载包括由一个或多个发光二极管、一个或多个荧光源、一个或多个电机、和一个或多个便携电源组成的组中的一个或多个部件。
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