CN102930753B - Gas station virtual training system and application - Google Patents
Gas station virtual training system and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas station virtual training system which comprises a three-dimensional drive engine module, a scene database module, a data glove drive module, a helmet-mounted display drive module, an accident three-dimensional rendering module and an exam estimation module. The gas station virtual training system based on hardware interaction, disclosed by the invention, virtualizes the real hardware equipment and the three-dimensional drive engine module by use of a pair of data gloves, a position tracker and the like to generate a vivid gas station virtual scene and a typical accident scene; and a trainee can actually finish standard operation simulation and accident emergency virtual training so as to improve the reality and training effect of virtual training of the gas station staff.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of computer technology, particularly a kind of utilize modern communications and computer technology based on the mutual refuelling station's virtual reality of hardware.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of domestic economy construction to oil product demand, the quantity of refuelling station and scale also expand with swift and violent speed, and at present, refuelling station's sum reaches 100,000 more than.Because geographic position, refuelling station disperses, the flammable and explosive substance quantity of storage is large, and accident potential risk is high, the consequence extent of injury is serious, how to promote Safety of Gas Station operating efficiency and emergency drilling ability, the generation of prevention and control accident, has become a problem becoming increasingly conspicuous.Modernized Informatization Management is widely used among the daily management of refuelling station, the infosystems such as DCS system, SCADA system, inspection system, the asset management system, oil product monitoring are that the daily production in refuelling station and safety management have brought lifting, but because the habituation accident causing violating the regulations happens occasionally, and, enterprise often weighs emergency procedure in emergency disposal process, light practice ability training, causes employee in actual combat, to expose many operational issues.
Virtual reality (Virtual Reality is called for short VR) technology is utilized advanced hardware technology and Software tool, designs rational interactive means, makes the virtual environment that user's energy interactively is observed and operating system generates, and produces a kind of sensation on the spot in person.Virtual reality integrated use virtual reality technology, at aspects such as vision, the sense of hearing, senses of touch for trainee generates a virtual scene very true to nature, the various possibility situations of simulation production run, make trainee closing to reality operation and combat exercise to greatest extent, improve normalizing operation ability and process the ability of various accidents.
Virtual reality training system is applied more extensive at military, medical domain at present, but particularly also fewer for normalizing operation and the training aspect accident emergency of refuelling station at petrochemical field, existing virtual reality training system great majority are based on desktop or adopt projector that virtual scene is projected in to the mode on screen, interactive device mainly adopts mouse and keyboard, by predefined sports rule, realize operation, this operation obviously and true operation have very big difference, training quality is not high, effect is undesirable; In addition, at present virtual reality training system does not almost have for the emergency processing training of the accidents such as refuelling station's fire and blast, and the use of trainee's fire equipments, emergency management and rescue route, the content such as rehearse in coordination do not realize in virtual reality.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the actual needs for deficiency of the prior art and refuelling station, provide a kind of based on the mutual refuelling station's virtual reality of hardware, utilize the three-dimensional engine implementation that drives to the tissue of refuelling station's three-dimensional scenic, management and real-time rendering, for the person of participating in training provides a three-dimensional digital environment true to nature, meet the real scene that the daily oiling in refuelling station, emptying and representative accident are processed; Utilize the analogue simulation to special efficacys such as flame, blast, flue gas, current in computer graphics, computer analogy method, set up the mathematical model of reflection accident (leakage, fire, blast etc.) essence, and the mode with three-dimensional visualization shows by the result of calculating, thereby build the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident; Motion model and interaction mechanism by research virtual hand are realized, and utilize equipment in data glove and location tracking device and virtual refuelling station to carry out interactive operation; By reading the real data in refuelling station's production, the distributed multi-user co-operating of exploitation based on browser/server and rehearsal function, realize a plurality of users and participate in training exercise simultaneously, allow instantaneously between different position personnel to complete coordination, and can make training reach operation, prediction scheme and tactical level.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of refuelling station virtual reality, it comprises:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive engine modules for the Helmet Mounted Display that receives and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit by sensor and data glove by sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, control role in virtual scene and make respective action;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is for driving the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that digitizing scene is provided;
Described examination evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule.
Wherein, the described three-dimensional engine modules that drives adopts Hierarchical Design mode to design, and rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer, consists of.
Wherein, rendering layer adopts OpenGL as the bottom shape library of rendering system, provides the generation of 3-D geometric model and plays up work, further comprises 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processing submodule and texture processing submodule;
Described 3-D geometric model rendering submodule is mainly responsible for 3-D geometric model data to organize, manage and draw;
Described light is processed submodule and is mainly responsible for lighting effect simulation in render process;
The data texturing of virtual scene is in charge of and is dispatched to described texture processing submodule.
Wherein, model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule;
Memory model submodule is responsible for the three-dimensional modeling of constructing virtual refuelling station;
Behavior model submodule is responsible for constructing virtual role's various basic acts;
Constraint condition submodule is for being associated memory model with behavior model.
Wherein, virtual environment simulation layer is responsible for the interactive operation of virtual refuelling station and is explained, it further comprises collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule;
Described collision detection submodule carries out the laddering interference judgement of spatial index piece layer, containing box layer, geometry surface layer, dough sheet layer to refuelling station's model;
Time/Event triggered submodule refers to by Time And Event trigger mechanism and carrys out the complex behavior in refuelling station's virtual reality, system can be carried out within the time limit setting in advance or according to setting event, the task that time wherein triggers in Wei refuelling station virtual reality could be moved on a certain predefined time, and Event triggered is that a task in refuelling station's virtual reality only could be moved under the condition of associated particular event generation;
Video camera submodule is for supporting user's control to viewpoint in roaming virtual reality scenario process.
Wherein, described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, typical calamity model bank, described refuelling station basic database comprises refuelling station's basic information data, technological process data, real-time running data, representative accident simulated data etc., described refuelling station model bank comprises the three-dimensional digitalization model of refuelling station's factory building, device and equipment stereoscopic level, and model and reality scene build according to 1:1 ratio.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of refuelling station virtual reality, and it comprises:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive engine modules for the Helmet Mounted Display that receives and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit by sensor and data glove by sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, control role in virtual scene and make respective action;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is for driving the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that digitizing scene is provided;
Described examination evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule;
The described three-dimensional engine modules that drives is comprised of rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer;
Described rendering layer comprises 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processing submodule and texture processing submodule;
Described model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule;
Described virtual environment simulation layer further comprises collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule;
Described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, typical calamity model bank.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of refuelling station virtual training device, and it comprises:
Computer terminal, Helmet Mounted Display, the sensor for Helmet Mounted Display being connected with Helmet Mounted Display, earphone, data glove, sensor and the position tracker for data glove that are connected with data glove;
Utilize described data glove and described position tracker in virtual scene, to complete virtual gesture mapping, the pseudo operation identification of realization to equipment In Oil Service Station, by virtual hand, operate the real-time, interactive of realizing equipment in virtual scene and object, complete real-time man-machine interactive operation true to nature;
Described Helmet Mounted Display coordinates earphone in order to show audio frequency, vision signal, and perception trainee head orientation, for user provides a virtual environment of immersing;
Described data glove, Helmet Mounted Display are connected by VGA video interface, audio interface and USB interface with described computer terminal.
Described data glove utilizes the sensor on it to obtain data, and the equipment In Oil Service Station such as fuel charger, fire monitor are realized to pseudo operation identification.
Described data glove can realize the actions such as bending of finger, but when hand translation, position has changed, but data glove cannot be obtained the data of hand translation, and location tracking device can be realized this function.For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides above-mentioned refuelling station virtual reality or the application of refuelling station's virtual training device in Safe production of chemical industry.
Useful technique effect is:
The virtual reality technology of refuelling station of the present invention virtual reality uses advanced, sensor technology, network technology, coordinate virtual reality hardware device to provide real virtual training scene the operating personnel of Shang Wei refuelling station, computer terminal, can simulate specific accident scene, by operating personnel's oiling, emptying, safety inspection, Control of Hidden, accident emergencies etc. are nearly all to be related to such an extent that move by corresponding sensor passes to virtual system in real scene, drive role in scene to make identical action, make operating personnel's closing to reality operation to greatest extent, greatly save training cost, enhancement training efficiency, in addition, the present invention has really embodied the interactive of training, system is workable, friendly interface.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is based on the mutual virtual reality implementation structure figure of refuelling station of hardware;
The three-dimensional engine modules frame construction drawing that drives of Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 data glove driver module operational simulation process flow diagram;
The virtual rehearsal structural drawing of Fig. 4 refuelling station accident.
Embodiment
Of the present invention based on the mutual refuelling station's virtual reality of hardware, utilize the virtual reality hardware devices such as data glove, position tracker and the three-dimensional engine modules that drives, generate refuelling station's virtual scene true to nature and representative accident scene, trainee can complete normalizing operation simulation and the virtual rehearsal of accident emergency truly, to improve authenticity and the result of training of the employee of refuelling station virtual training.
The invention provides a kind of refuelling station virtual reality, it comprises:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive engine modules for the Helmet Mounted Display that receives and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit by sensor and data glove by sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, control role in virtual scene and make respective action;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is for driving the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that digitizing scene is provided;
Described examination evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule.
Wherein, the described three-dimensional engine modules that drives adopts Hierarchical Design mode to design, and rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer, consists of.
Described three-dimensional driving engine modules is the core of refuelling station's virtual reality, it is based on VC software and OpenGL visual edit language development, be responsible for the data of demonstration, the three-dimensional refuelling station of organization and management virtual scene, three-dimensional training scene is played up in performance, realize the various application of refuelling station's standardization training, interface and the instrument of secondary system exploitation is provided.Can realize refuelling station's three-dimensional visualization, scene editor, freely travel, the function such as information inquiry, organization and management to contextual data library module, customization roaming state mechanism, realize collision detection, blanking in real time, level of detail texture, the input-output apparatus of supported data, as the data glove as data input device, position tracker, as the Helmet Mounted Display of data output apparatus.
Wherein, rendering layer adopts OpenGL as the bottom shape library of rendering system, provide the generation of 3-D geometric model (point, line, polygon, curve and curved surface etc.) and play up work, further comprising 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processing submodule and texture processing submodule.
3-D geometric model rendering submodule is mainly responsible for 3-D geometric model data to organize, manage and draw, the three-dimensional modeling data of its support comprises * .3ds and * .max, not only can resolve drafting to 3DS file, can utilize the 3DS Max data plug-in unit of independent research, from 3DS Max, directly derive self-defining three-dimensional model form, curing or animated characteristics of support model, has good compatibility.First this submodule adopts Progressive Mesh algorithm to carry out pre-service to model data, to three-dimensional modeling data, adopt R-tree to carry out index organization, based on IOCP mechanism, with LRU cache algorithm, model data is carried out to multithread scheduling, realization is towards the efficient data engine of refuelling station's three-dimensional model, in drawing process, adopt data adaptive dispatching technique and the display list (Display List) between " external memory-internal memory-video memory ", VBO(Vertex Buffer Object), the GPU such as hardware occlusion culling play up speed technology, further meet the demand that system high efficiency is drawn.
Light is processed submodule and is mainly responsible for lighting effect simulation in render process.The structure that this submodule is first real-time illumination model.In basic illumination model, the surface color of an object is the summation of the illumination effects such as radiation (emissive), Ambient (ambient), diffuse reflection (diffuse) and mirror-reflection (specular).The acting in conjunction of the character (for example brightness and material color) of Facing material and the character (for example color of light and position) of light source is depended in every kind of illumination effect.This submodule is supported various light sources model, comprises directional light, spotlight, floodlight etc., and can be by adjusting parameter real time inspection lighting effect.Then based on GPU Shader technology, carry out lighting simulation, Shader program is divided into two kinds: summit shader and pixel shader.By summit shader, provide illumination model computing method flexibly; And pixel Shader provides a kind of method of setting up flexibly true illumination model and realizing a lot of special-effects.
The data texturing of virtual scene is in charge of and is dispatched to texture processing submodule.The core of this submodule is a texture manager (TextureManager), supports conventional data texturing form, comprises tga, png, jpg, bmp, dds etc.The data texturing that is loaded into internal memory is resolved and information extraction, adopts the public texture of texture counter technical management render engine, avoid identical texture repeat be written into, save internal memory, video memory space.Simultaneously, multiple GPU texture special efficacy is played up in this module support, in conjunction with FBO(Frame Buffer Object), PBO(Pixel Buffer Object) etc. display buffer technology, model texture is carried out to Specially Effect Simulation more true to nature, comprise Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct, bright special efficacy, AVI video etc.
Wherein, model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule, and memory model submodule is responsible for the three-dimensional modeling of constructing virtual refuelling station; Behavior model submodule is responsible for constructing virtual role's various basic acts; Constraint condition submodule is for being associated memory model with behavior model.Basic constraint condition comprises laminating, laminating skew, orientation and the coordinate system etc. of virtual behavior and dummy object, these constraint conditions all can be classified as the position relationship between point-line-surface, it is mainly in order to determine the scope of constraint identification and to participate in the effect of contraction scope of navigation that conventional bounding box intersects judgement, and bounding box is non-intersect does not retrain identification.
Wherein, virtual environment simulation layer is responsible for the interactive operation of virtual refuelling station and is explained, it further comprises collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule.
Collision detection submodule adopts the hierarchy type collision detection algorithm based on geometric surface, refuelling station's model is carried out to the laddering interference judgement of spatial index piece layer, containing box layer, geometry surface layer, dough sheet layer.This is a kind of collision checking method based on discrete point, and the computing expense of this method is less, but easily cause the crossover of object to cross deeply or each other, passes through.For fear of the generation of this situation, we rule of thumb model adopt less simulation step-length to carry out collision detection.Hierarchy type collision detection algorithm based on geometric surface can progressively be dwindled the scope that participates in collision detection, thereby refuelling station's model is carried out to computing cutting and optimization.This algorithm can effectively make up conventional butt detection algorithm geometric surface information is considered to not enough shortcoming, effectively improves the efficiency of collision detection, and can directly return to the geometric surface pair bumping, for follow-up pseudo operation identification provides foundation.
Time/Event triggered submodule: refer to by Time And Event trigger mechanism and carry out the complex behavior in refuelling station's virtual reality, system can be carried out within the time limit setting in advance or according to setting event, time triggers the task in refuelling station's three dimension system that refers to and could move on a certain predefined time, Event triggered refers under the condition that a task in three dimension system only occurs in associated particular event and could move, at present a lot of virtual reality systems can not meet time/event and mix the requirement triggering, native system is by triggering and increase a scheduling controlling layer task, utilize key-course to carry out the trigger mechanism of management role node, the cardinal rule adopting is that time triggering task will bring into operation on predefined time point, if now there is Event triggered task, this Event triggered task will preferentially be carried out so.
Video camera submodule is for supporting user's control to viewpoint in roaming virtual reality scenario process, video camera submodule can manage storage to the attitude information of camera viewpoint, realize viewpoint free-roaming in scene, the operations such as path animation, this module also provides the management to render engine what comes into a driver's body information simultaneously, comprise the control data, method and the attribute information that in the operating process of what comes into a driver's body, need, the user that the quality of video camera submodule directly affects whole virtual reality system experiences.
Described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, typical calamity model bank, described refuelling station basic database comprises refuelling station's basic information data, technological process data, real-time running data, representative accident simulated data etc., described refuelling station model bank comprises the three-dimensional digitalization model of refuelling station's factory building, device and equipment stereoscopic level, and model and reality scene build according to 1:1 ratio.
Accident three-dimensional rendering method in described accident three-dimensional rendering module is based on dough sheet method of superposition, that on GPU, realizes accident all plays up work, generation from dough sheet, sequence and play up entirely and complete in GPU inside, has realized in virtual reality the accident three-dimensional simulations such as needed in real time extensive leakage, fire.
The present invention also provides a kind of refuelling station virtual reality, and it comprises:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive engine modules for the Helmet Mounted Display that receives and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit by sensor and data glove by sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, control role in virtual scene and make respective action;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is for driving the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that digitizing scene is provided;
Described examination evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule;
The described three-dimensional engine modules that drives is comprised of rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer;
Described rendering layer comprises 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processing submodule and texture processing submodule;
Described model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule;
Described virtual environment simulation layer further comprises collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule;
Described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, typical calamity model bank.
Further preferably, described refuelling station virtual reality only consists of above-mentioned parts.
The present invention also provides a kind of refuelling station virtual training device, and it comprises:
Computer terminal, Helmet Mounted Display, the sensor for Helmet Mounted Display being connected with Helmet Mounted Display, earphone, data glove, sensor and the position tracker for data glove that are connected with data glove;
Utilize described data glove and described position tracker in virtual scene, to complete virtual gesture mapping, the pseudo operation identification of realization to equipment In Oil Service Station, by virtual hand, operate the real-time, interactive of realizing equipment in virtual scene and object, complete real-time man-machine interactive operation true to nature;
Described Helmet Mounted Display coordinates earphone in order to show audio frequency, vision signal, and perception trainee head orientation, for user provides a virtual environment of immersing;
Described data glove, Helmet Mounted Display are connected by VGA video interface, audio interface and USB interface with described computer terminal.
Described data glove utilizes the sensor on it to obtain data, and the equipment In Oil Service Station such as fuel charger, fire monitor are realized to pseudo operation identification.
Described data glove can realize the actions such as bending of finger, but when hand translation, position has changed, but data glove cannot be obtained the data of hand translation, and location tracking device can be realized this function.Further preferably, described refuelling station virtual training device only consists of the said equipment.
Refuelling station of the present invention virtual reality is by using 3 d modeling software to build the 3 d model library of refuelling station; Increase income three-dimensional picture development library OpenGL and physical engine (collision of describing above, the particle special efficacy of accident etc. all belongs to the category of physical engine) of utilization combines, and uses VC exploitation three-dimensional digital virtual reality engine; Utilize data glove and position tracker in virtual scene, to realize virtual gesture mapping, realize real-time man-machine interactive operation true to nature; Helmet Mounted Display, by being connected with computer terminal, coordinates earphone in order to show audio frequency, vision signal, and perception trainee head orientation; Providing on standard operation training basis, the mode with interactive operation examination in three-dimensional virtual scene takes an exam to trainee and evaluates; Provide polygonal look to work in coordination with training method, under networking state, various rolls enters Same Scene, without role, has different functions and equipment, carries out interaction training.
The present invention also provides the application of above-mentioned refuelling station virtual reality in Safe production of chemical industry.
The present invention utilizes these modern information technology means of the communication technology, computing machine and network technology thereof, and whole system has been combined with software systems by hardware system.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of based on the mutual virtual reality implementation structure figure of refuelling station of hardware.
(1) operator is the active main body in whole system, and he sends operational motion, and carrys out adjusting operation action according to the feedback information obtaining, until complete desired operation.In native system, operator moves the actions such as crawl of main hand;
(2) in order to realize nature, mutual efficiently between operator and virtual operating environment, because operator can not directly enter in virtual environment and operate, can only the agency in virtual environment (virtual hand) complete pseudo operation by staff, native system mainly utilizes position tracker and data glove, by RS232 interface, is connected with computing machine.The main capture operation person of data glove hand motion wherein, position tracker is used for catching the positional information of hand.
(3) computer terminal utilizes the three-dimensional engine that drives to accept the actuating signal that in concurrency processing system, each sensor receives, and utilizes virtual hand model to realize the interactive operation to equipment in virtual scene and object.
(4) scene database mainly comprises three-dimensional scenic database and casualty data storehouse.Wherein three-dimensional scenic database comprises equipment In Oil Service Station basic information data, refuelling station's three-dimensional modeling data, daily standardized operating norms data, refuelling station's accident emergency prediction scheme data, fire-fighting resource data and examination knowledge data; Casualty data storehouse comprises representative accident (leakage, fire, blast etc.) numerical simulation data, accident generating process data, disaster contextual data after accident (equipment breakdown remains etc.) and accident three-dimensional visualization data.
(5) operator is after training, managerial personnel can utilize this system to examine operator, managerial personnel, by different examination subjects is set, carry out simulated operation by operator according to the study situation of self, and system can be marked according to operator's operational circumstances; In addition, the evaluation function that system provides can be evaluated operating process and rehearsal step, by contrasting with working specification and emergency preplan, finds out the deficiency in operating process, and standard and prediction scheme are improved and revised.
(6) Helmet Mounted Display, as the output device of native system, can be presented at the three-dimensional scenic figure of main frame in the helmet, improves feeling of immersion and the interactivity of virtual training.
Three-dimensional in refuelling station's virtual reality that Fig. 2 shows drives the frame construction drawing of engine modules, and the three-dimensional engine modules that drives adopts Hierarchical Design mode, rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer, consists of.Rendering layer is played up storehouse OpenGL based on three-dimensional picture, provides the generation of basic body and plays up work; Model layer comprises memory model, behavior model and constraint condition.Memory model is responsible for the three-dimensional modeling of constructing virtual refuelling station; Behavior model is responsible for constructing virtual role's various basic acts; Constraint condition is for being associated memory model with behavior model.Virtual environment simulation layer is responsible for the interactive operation of virtual refuelling station and the explanation of virtual objects behavior.
(1) model layer is the basis of whole engine, and the three-dimensional engine that drives is started by model layer.Memory model is wherein used for storage scenarios database, and scene database mainly comprises three-dimensional scenic database and casualty data storehouse.Wherein three-dimensional scenic database comprises equipment In Oil Service Station basic information data, refuelling station's three-dimensional modeling data, daily standardized operating norms data, refuelling station's accident emergency prediction scheme data, fire-fighting resource data and examination knowledge data; Casualty data storehouse comprises representative accident (leakage, fire, blast etc.) numerical simulation data, accident generating process data, disaster contextual data after accident (equipment breakdown remains etc.) and accident three-dimensional visualization data.Behavior model is responsible for constructing virtual role's various actions, comprises the operations such as crawl, movement and rotation, release.Constraint condition comprises laminating, laminating skew, orientation and the coordinate system etc. of virtual behavior and dummy object, these constraint conditions all can be classified as the position relationship between point-line-surface, it is mainly in order to determine the scope of constraint identification and to participate in the effect of contraction scope of navigation that conventional bounding box intersects judgement, and bounding box is non-intersect does not retrain identification.
(2) rendering layer is the three-dimensional core that drives engine, is the visual demonstration to model layer.Geometric model is drawn the three-dimensional modeling data of supporting and is comprised * .3ds and * .max.Not only can resolve drafting to 3DS file, can utilize the 3DS Max data plug-in unit of independent research, directly derive self-defining three-dimensional model form from 3DS Max, curing or animated characteristics of support model, has good compatibility.This module is mainly responsible for 3-D geometric model data to organize, manage and draw.First adopt Progressive Mesh algorithm to carry out pre-service to model data, to three-dimensional modeling data, adopt R-tree to carry out index organization, based on IOCP mechanism, with LRU cache algorithm, model data is carried out to multithread scheduling, realize the efficient data engine towards refuelling station's three-dimensional model.In drawing process, adopt data adaptive dispatching technique between " external memory-internal memory-video memory " and display list (Display List), VBO(Vertex Buffer Object), the GPU such as hardware occlusion culling plays up speed technology, further meets the demand that system high efficiency is drawn.Light is processed the main lighting effect simulation in render process of being responsible for.First, the real-time structure of this module illumination model.In basic illumination model, the surface color of an object is the summation of the illumination effects such as radiation (emissive), Ambient (ambient), diffuse reflection (diffuse) and mirror-reflection (specular).The acting in conjunction of the character (for example brightness and material color) of Facing material and the character (for example color of light and position) of light source is depended in every kind of illumination effect.This module is supported various light sources model, comprises directional light, spotlight, floodlight etc., and can be by adjusting parameter real time inspection lighting effect.Then based on GPU Shader technology, carry out lighting simulation, Shader program is divided into two kinds: summit shader and pixel shader.By summit shader, provide illumination model computing method flexibly; And pixel Shader provides a kind of method of setting up flexibly true illumination model and realizing a lot of special-effects.The data texturing of virtual scene is in charge of and is dispatched to texture processing.Core is a texture manager (TextureManager), supports conventional data texturing form, comprises tga, png, jpg, bmp, dds etc.The data texturing that is loaded into internal memory is resolved and information extraction, adopts the public texture of texture counter technical management render engine, avoid identical texture repeat be written into, save internal memory, video memory space.Simultaneously, multiple GPU texture special efficacy is played up in this module support, in conjunction with FBO(Frame Buffer Object), PBO(Pixel Buffer Object) etc. display buffer technology, model texture is carried out to Specially Effect Simulation more true to nature, comprise Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct, bright special efficacy, AVI video etc.
(3) virtual environment simulation layer is the three-dimensional important component part that drives engine, is responsible for the interactive operation of refuelling station's training system.Wherein collision detection adopts the hierarchy type collision detection algorithm based on geometric surface.Refuelling station's model is carried out to the laddering interference judgement of spatial index piece layer, containing box layer, geometry surface layer, dough sheet layer.This is a kind of collision checking method based on discrete point, and the computing expense of this method is less, but easily cause the crossover of object to cross deeply or each other, passes through.For fear of the generation of this situation, we rule of thumb model adopt less simulation step-length to carry out collision detection.Hierarchy type collision detection algorithm based on geometric surface can progressively be dwindled the scope that participates in collision detection, thereby refuelling station's model is carried out to computing cutting and optimization.This algorithm can effectively make up conventional butt detection algorithm geometric surface information is considered to not enough shortcoming, effectively improves the efficiency of collision detection, and can directly return to the geometric surface pair bumping, for follow-up pseudo operation identification provides foundation.Time triggers the task in refuelling station's three dimension system that refers to and could move on a certain predefined time, Event triggered refers under the condition that a task in three dimension system only occurs in associated particular event and could move, at present a lot of virtual reality systems can not meet time/event and mix the requirement triggering, native system is by triggering and increase a scheduling controlling layer task, utilize key-course to carry out the trigger mechanism of management role node, the cardinal rule adopting is that time triggering task will bring into operation on predefined time point, if now there is Event triggered task, this Event triggered task will preferentially be carried out so.User is the control to viewpoint in roaming virtual reality scenario process, is all function supports that camara module provides.Camera model can manage storage to the attitude information of camera viewpoint, realizes viewpoint free-roaming in scene, the operations such as path animation.This module also provides the management to render engine what comes into a driver's body information simultaneously, comprises the control data, method and the attribute information that in the operating process of what comes into a driver's body, need.The user that the quality of camera model directly affects whole virtual reality system experiences.
Fig. 3 has shown the operational simulation flowchart process of data glove driver module, trainee wears band data glove and position tracker carries out interactive operation, the three-dimensional data that drive engine modules image data gloves and position tracker, calculate position and the attitude in each joint of hand, (data glove is hardware with the position calculating and attitude data, to drive virtual hand, utilize data glove to control the virtual hand in virtual scene, virtual hand is a kind of embody the in other words conj.or perhaps a kind of existence form of data glove in system) motion in each joint of portion, carry out virtual hand and operated the collision detection between object, according to capturing rule judgment virtual hand, whether catch operated object.
(1) task that operator completes as required, sends operational motion, and data glove is measured the raw data in each joint of staff.
(2) position tracker is measured the more specific location information of staff in work space.
(3) data that data glove and position tracker are measured send the virtual service station environment generating in computing machine to by RS232 serial ports, computing machine calculates the virtual hand needed parameters that moves according to resulting human hand movement raw data, and upgrades position and the attitude of virtual hand in pseudo operation space according to these parameters.
(4) between virtual hand and pseudo operation object (equipment In Oil Service Station and facility), carry out collision detection.If not collision between the two, process forwards information to and feeds back a step; If there is collision between the two, proceeds to next step, and judge between virtual hand and dummy object whether meet and capture rule.
(5) if meeting, virtual hand and dummy object capture rule: the coordinate system of dummy object is connected with the coordinate system of virtual hand, and dummy object is captured by virtual hand; Dummy object with virtual hand by operations such as translation, rotations.
(6) if do not meet and capture rule between virtual hand and dummy object: judge whether dummy object is connected with virtual hand coordinate system, if connect, remove this relation, both dummy object was released; If do not connect, keep dummy object and virtual hand coordinate relation separately, then by this result feedback to operator.
(7) operator receives after feedback message, adjusts position and the attitude of hand according to operation task;
(8) data glove and position tracker are measured position and the attitude information of hand, and this information is passed to virtual service station environment, start the operation cycle of a new round.
Fig. 4 has shown an example of the virtual rehearsal of refuelling station's accident, system creation accident scene, and trainee selects different roles to enter rehearsal, comprising: operating personnel, squad leader, fire fighter etc., different role has different visual angles and task.After rehearsal starts, trainee handles virtual role and carries out rehearsal; In rehearsal process, keeper can carry out intervention operation to rehearsal, and virtual scene can be made respective feedback, and trainee can receive and take Corresponding Countermeasures; After rehearsal finishes, system is carried out record to rehearsal process, and editor forms rehearsal archives, can be by commenting on examination with existing prediction scheme contrast or expert.
(1) prediction scheme and basic database are used to provide the needed emergency preplan of virtual rehearsal and Back ground Information, and wherein prediction scheme mainly comprises the emergency disposal prediction scheme document of refuelling station's representative accident (leakage, blast, fire etc.); Basic database comprises three-dimensional scene models storehouse, refuelling station, refuelling station's representative accident (leakage, blast, fire etc.) numerical simulation data, and disaster contextual data (equipment breakdown remains etc.) and accident three-dimensional visualization data after accident.
(2) prediction scheme rehearsal refers to according to existing prediction scheme and by accident scene and related facility are set, carry out virtual rehearsal in virtual scene.
(3) random rehearsal mainly comprises task setting and scene setting, and wherein task setting refers to by various parameters are set, and is arranged on the disaster and the accident that in rehearsal scene, occur, and can mix and trigger next step operation according to Time And Event form; Scene setting refers to can need to create rehearsal environment according to rehearsal, and the relevant information in rehearsal place is set.
(4) person of participating in training drills according to the different role of the task choosing of oneself, and the role that system provides comprises: squad leader, oiling person, fire fighter, the roles such as metrological personnel and the masses.
(5) implement in rehearsal process, the person of participating in training utilizes the input equipments such as data glove and location tracking device and virtual scene to carry out alternately according to the role of oneself, complete action and the step in prediction scheme, stipulated; The masses can be used as the personnel of viewing and emulating and select at any time visual angle to view and emulate the process of really drilling.
(6) logging modle mainly records rehearsal process in order to multimedia forms such as video, sound, and editor forms rehearsal archives.
(7) in evaluation module, by introducing expert, comment on mechanism rehearsal process is evaluated and examined, and contrast with existing prediction scheme document, search the deficiency in rehearsal process, and existing prediction scheme is modified and perfect.
All above-mentioned these intellecture properties of primary enforcement, do not set restriction this new product of other forms of enforcement and/or new method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on new product of the present invention.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention to be done to the restriction of other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not depart from, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling above embodiment done according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1.Yi Zhong refuelling station virtual reality, it comprises:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive engine modules for the Helmet Mounted Display that receives and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit by sensor and data glove by sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, control role in virtual scene and make respective action;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of refuelling station's leakage, fire and explosion accident, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is for driving the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that digitizing scene is provided;
Described Exam Evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule;
The described three-dimensional engine modules that drives adopts Hierarchical Design mode to design, and rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer, consists of;
Described rendering layer adopts OpenGL as the bottom shape library of rendering system, provides the generation of 3-D geometric model and plays up work, further comprises 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processing submodule and texture processing submodule;
Described 3-D geometric model rendering submodule is mainly responsible for 3-D geometric model data to organize, manage and draw;
Described light is processed submodule and is mainly responsible for lighting effect simulation in render process;
The data texturing of virtual scene is in charge of and is dispatched to described texture processing submodule;
Model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule;
Memory model submodule is responsible for the three-dimensional modeling of constructing virtual refuelling station;
Behavior model submodule is responsible for constructing virtual role's various basic acts;
Constraint condition submodule is for being associated memory model with behavior model;
Virtual environment simulation layer is responsible for the interactive operation of virtual refuelling station and is explained, it further comprises collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule;
Described collision detection submodule carries out the laddering interference judgement of spatial index piece layer, containing box layer, geometry surface layer, dough sheet layer to refuelling station's model;
Time/Event triggered submodule refers to by Time And Event trigger mechanism and carrys out the complex behavior in control system, system can be carried out within the time limit setting in advance or according to setting event, the task that time wherein triggers in Wei refuelling station three dimension system could be moved on a certain predefined time, and Event triggered is that a task in three dimension system only could be moved under the condition of associated particular event generation;
Video camera submodule is for supporting user's control to viewpoint in roaming virtual reality scenario process.
2. refuelling station according to claim 1 virtual reality, is characterized in that:
Described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, typical calamity model bank, described refuelling station basic database comprises refuelling station's basic information data, technological process data, real-time running data, representative accident simulated data, described refuelling station model bank comprises the three-dimensional digitalization model of refuelling station's factory building, device and equipment stereoscopic level, and model and reality scene build according to 1:1 ratio.
3. the application of refuelling station claimed in claim 1 virtual reality in Safe production of chemical industry.
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Effective date of registration: 20221115 Address after: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Patentee after: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Patentee after: Sinopec Safety Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100728 No. 22, Chaoyangmen Avenue, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee before: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Patentee before: SINOPEC Research Institute OF SAFETY ENGINEERING |