CN102930753A - Gas station virtual training system and application - Google Patents
Gas station virtual training system and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN102930753A CN102930753A CN2012103947254A CN201210394725A CN102930753A CN 102930753 A CN102930753 A CN 102930753A CN 2012103947254 A CN2012103947254 A CN 2012103947254A CN 201210394725 A CN201210394725 A CN 201210394725A CN 102930753 A CN102930753 A CN 102930753A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas station virtual training system which comprises a three-dimensional drive engine module, a scene database module, a data glove drive module, a helmet-mounted display drive module, an accident three-dimensional rendering module and an exam estimation module. The gas station virtual training system based on hardware interaction, disclosed by the invention, virtualizes the real hardware equipment and the three-dimensional drive engine module by use of a pair of data gloves, a position tracker and the like to generate a vivid gas station virtual scene and a typical accident scene; and a trainee can actually finish standard operation simulation and accident emergency virtual training so as to improve the reality and training effect of virtual training of the gas station staff.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of computer technology, particularly a kind of utilize modern communications and computer technology based on the mutual refuelling station's virtual reality of hardware.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of domestic economy construction to the oil product demand, the quantity of refuelling station and scale also expand with swift and violent speed, and at present, refuelling station's sum reaches 100,000 more than.Because the geographic position, refuelling station disperses, the flammable and explosive substance quantity of storage is large, and the accident potential risk is high, the consequence extent of injury is serious, how to promote Safety of Gas Station operating efficiency and emergency drilling ability, the generation of prevention and control accident has become a problem that becomes increasingly conspicuous.Modernized Informatization Management is widely used among the daily management of refuelling station, the infosystems such as DCS system, SCADA system, inspection system, the asset management system, oil product monitoring are that the daily production in refuelling station and safety management have brought lifting, but because the habituation accident that causes violating the regulations happens occasionally, and, enterprise often weighs emergency procedure in the emergency disposal process, light practice ability training causes the employee to expose many operational issues in actual combat.
Virtual reality (Virtual Reality is called for short VR) technology is utilized advanced hardware technology and Software tool, designs rational interactive means, makes the virtual environment that user's energy interactively is observed and operating system generates, and produces a kind of sensation on the spot in person.Virtual reality integrated use virtual reality technology, generate a virtual scene very true to nature at aspects such as vision, the sense of hearing, senses of touch for the trainee, the various possibility situations of simulation production run, make trainee to greatest extent closing to reality operation and combat exercise, improve the normalizing operation ability and process the ability of various accidents.
The virtual reality training system is used more extensive at military, medical domain at present, but particularly also fewer for normalizing operation and the training aspect the accident emergency of refuelling station at petrochemical field, existing virtual reality training system great majority are based on desktop or adopt projector that virtual scene is projected in mode on the screen, interactive device mainly adopts mouse and keyboard, realize operation by predefined sports rule, this operation obviously and true operation very big difference is arranged, training quality is not high, effect is undesirable; In addition, at present the virtual reality training system does not almost have for the emergency processing training of the accidents such as refuelling station's fire and blast, and the use of trainee's fire equipments, emergency management and rescue route, the content such as rehearse in coordination do not realize in virtual reality.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the actual needs for deficiency of the prior art and refuelling station, provide a kind of based on the mutual refuelling station's virtual reality of hardware, utilize the three-dimensional engine implementation that drives to tissue, management and the real-time rendering of refuelling station's three-dimensional scenic, for the person of participating in training provides a three-dimensional digital environment true to nature, satisfy the real scene that the daily oiling in refuelling station, emptying and representative accident are processed; Utilize in the computer graphics analogue simulation to special efficacys such as flame, blast, flue gas, current, the computer analogy method, set up the mathematical model of reflection accident (leakage, fire, blast etc.) essence, and the result that will calculate shows in the mode of three-dimensional visualization, thereby make up the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident; Realize by the research motion model of virtual hand and interaction mechanism, utilize that equipment carries out interactive operation in data glove and location tracking device and the virtual refuelling station; By reading the real data in refuelling station's production, exploitation is based on the distributed multi-user co-operating and rehearsal function of browser/server, realize that a plurality of users participate in the training exercise simultaneously, allow instantaneously between the different position personnel to finish coordination, and can make training reach operation, prediction scheme and tactical level.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of refuelling station virtual reality, it comprises:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive Helmet Mounted Display that engine modules is used for receiving and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit with sensor and data glove with sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in the described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, the role makes respective action in the control virtual scene;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is used for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is used for the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of driving refuelling station virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that the digitizing scene is provided;
Described examination evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule.
Wherein, the described three-dimensional engine modules that drives adopts the Hierarchical Design mode to design, and is comprised of rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer.
Wherein, rendering layer adopts OpenGL as the bottom shape library of rendering system, provides the generation of 3-D geometric model and plays up work, comprises that further 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processes submodule and texture processing submodule;
Described 3-D geometric model rendering submodule mainly is responsible for the 3-D geometric model data are organized, manage and drawn;
Described light is processed submodule and mainly is responsible for lighting effect simulation in the render process;
The data texturing of virtual scene is in charge of and is dispatched to described texture processing submodule.
Wherein, model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule;
The memory model submodule is responsible for the three-dimensional modeling of constructing virtual refuelling station;
The behavior model submodule is responsible for constructing virtual role's various basic acts;
The constraint condition submodule is used for memory model is associated with behavior model.
Wherein, the virtual environment simulation layer is responsible for the interactive operation of virtual refuelling station and is explained, its further comprise the collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule;
Described collision detection submodule is judged the laddering interference that refuelling station's model carries out spatial index piece layer, containing box layer, geometry surface layer, dough sheet layer;
Time/the Event triggered submodule refers to come complex behavior in refuelling station's virtual reality by the Time And Event trigger mechanism, system can be carried out within the time limit that sets in advance or according to setting event, time wherein triggers as a task in refuelling station's virtual reality and could move on a certain predefined time, and Event triggered is that a task in refuelling station's virtual reality only could be moved under the condition that associated particular event occurs;
The video camera submodule is used for supporting the user in the control of roaming virtual reality scenario process to viewpoint.
Wherein, described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, the typical calamity model bank, described refuelling station basic database comprises refuelling station's basic information data, technological process data, real-time running data, representative accident simulated data etc., described refuelling station model bank comprises the three-dimensional digitalization model of refuelling station's factory building, device and equipment stereoscopic level, and model and reality scene make up according to the 1:1 ratio.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of refuelling station virtual reality, and it comprises:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive Helmet Mounted Display that engine modules is used for receiving and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit with sensor and data glove with sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in the described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, the role makes respective action in the control virtual scene;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is used for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is used for the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of driving refuelling station virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that the digitizing scene is provided;
Described examination evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule;
The described three-dimensional engine modules that drives is comprised of rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer;
Described rendering layer comprises 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processing submodule and texture processing submodule;
Described model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule;
Described virtual environment simulation layer further comprise the collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule;
Described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, typical calamity model bank.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of refuelling station virtual training device, and it comprises:
Computer terminal, Helmet Mounted Display, the Helmet Mounted Display that links to each other with Helmet Mounted Display are with sensor, earphone, data glove, the data glove usefulness sensor and the position tracker that link to each other with data glove;
Utilize described data glove and described position tracker in virtual scene, to finish virtual gesture mapping, realization is to the pseudo operation identification of equipment In Oil Service Station, by the real-time, interactive of virtual hand operation realization to equipment in the virtual scene and object, finish real-time man-machine interactive operation true to nature;
Described Helmet Mounted Display cooperates earphone in order to showing audio frequency, vision signal, and perception trainee head orientation, for the user provides a virtual environment of immersing;
Described data glove, Helmet Mounted Display are connected by VGA video interface, audio interface and USB interface with described computer terminal.
Described data glove utilizes the sensor on it to obtain data, and the equipment In Oil Service Station such as fuel charger, fire monitor are realized pseudo operation identification.
Described data glove can realize the actions such as bending pointed, but when the hand translation, the position has changed, but data glove can't be obtained the data of hand translation, and the location tracking device can be realized this function.For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides above-mentioned refuelling station virtual reality or the application of refuelling station's virtual training device in Safe production of chemical industry.
Useful technique effect is:
The virtual reality technology of refuelling station of the present invention virtual reality uses advanced, sensor technology, network technology, cooperate the virtual reality hardware device on the computer terminal, to provide real virtual training scene for the operating personnel of refuelling station, can simulate specific accident scene, oiling with operating personnel, emptying, safety inspection, Control of Hidden, accident emergencies etc. are nearly all to be related to such an extent that action is passed through corresponding sensor passes to virtual system in real scene, the role makes identical action in the driving scene, make to greatest extent closing to reality operation of operating personnel, greatly save training cost, enhancement training efficient, in addition, the present invention has really embodied the interactive of training, system is workable, friendly interface.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the mutual virtual reality implementation structure figure of refuelling station of hardware;
The three-dimensional engine modules frame construction drawing that drives of Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 data glove driver module operational simulation process flow diagram;
The virtual rehearsal structural drawing of Fig. 4 refuelling station accident.
Embodiment
Of the present invention based on the mutual refuelling station's virtual reality of hardware, utilize virtual reality hardware device and the three-dimensional engine modules that drive such as data glove, position tracker, generate refuelling station's virtual scene true to nature and representative accident scene, the trainee can finish normalizing operation simulation and the virtual rehearsal of accident emergency truly, to improve authenticity and the result of training of the employee of refuelling station virtual training.
The invention provides a kind of refuelling station virtual reality, it comprises:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive Helmet Mounted Display that engine modules is used for receiving and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit with sensor and data glove with sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in the described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, the role makes respective action in the control virtual scene;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is used for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is used for the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of driving refuelling station virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that the digitizing scene is provided;
Described examination evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule.
Wherein, the described three-dimensional engine modules that drives adopts the Hierarchical Design mode to design, and is comprised of rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer.
Described three-dimensional driving engine modules is the core of refuelling station's virtual reality, it is based on VC software and OpenGL visual edit language development, be responsible for the data of demonstration, the three-dimensional refuelling station of organization and management virtual scene, three-dimensional training scene is played up in performance, realize the various application of refuelling station's standardization training, interface and the instrument of secondary system exploitation is provided.Can realize refuelling station's three-dimensional visualization, scene editor, freely travel, the function such as information inquiry, organization and management to the contextual data library module, customization roaming state mechanism, realize collision detection, in real time blanking, level of detail texture, the input-output apparatus of supported data, such as data glove, the position tracker as data input device, as the Helmet Mounted Display of data output apparatus.
Wherein, rendering layer adopts OpenGL as the bottom shape library of rendering system, provide the generation of 3-D geometric model (point, line, polygon, curve and curved surface etc.) and play up work, comprise that further 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processes submodule and texture processing submodule.
The 3-D geometric model rendering submodule mainly is responsible for the 3-D geometric model data are organized, manage and drawn, the three-dimensional modeling data of its support comprises * .3ds and * .max, not only can resolve drafting to the 3DS file, can utilize the 3DS Max data plug-in unit of independent research, from 3DS Max, directly derive self-defining three-dimensional model form, curing or animated characteristics of support model has good compatibility.This submodule at first adopts the Progressive Mesh algorithm that model data is carried out pre-service, adopt R-tree to carry out index organization to three-dimensional modeling data, with the LRU cache algorithm model data is carried out multithread scheduling based on IOCP mechanism, realization is towards the efficient data engine of refuelling station's three-dimensional model, in drawing process, adopt data adaptive dispatching technique and display list (Display List) between " external memory-internal memory-video memory ", VBO(Vertex Buffer Object), the GPU such as hardware occlusion culling play up speed technology, further satisfy the demand that system high efficiency is drawn.
Light is processed submodule and mainly is responsible for lighting effect simulation in the render process.The structure that this submodule is at first real-time illumination model.In basic illumination model, the surface color of an object is the summation of the illumination effects such as radiation (emissive), Ambient (ambient), diffuse reflection (diffuse) and mirror-reflection (specular).The acting in conjunction of the character (for example color of light and position) of the character (for example brightness and material color) of Facing material and light source is depended in every kind of illumination effect.This submodule is supported the various light sources model, comprises directional light, spotlight, floodlight etc., and can be by adjusting parameter real time inspection lighting effect.Then carry out lighting simulation based on GPU Shader technology, the Shader program is divided into two kinds: summit shader and pixel shader.By summit shader, provide flexibly illumination model computing method; And pixel Shader provides a kind of method of setting up flexibly true illumination model and realizing a lot of special-effects.
The data texturing of virtual scene is in charge of and is dispatched to the texture processing submodule.The core of this submodule is a texture manager (TextureManager), supports data texturing form commonly used, comprises tga, png, jpg, bmp, dds etc.The data texturing that is loaded into internal memory is resolved and information extraction, adopts the public texture of texture counter technical management render engine, avoid identical texture repeat be written into, save internal memory, video memory space.Simultaneously, multiple GPU texture special efficacy is played up in this module support, in conjunction with FBO(Frame Buffer Object), PBO(Pixel Buffer Object) etc. the display buffer technology, the model texture is carried out Specially Effect Simulation more true to nature, comprise Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct, bright special efficacy, AVI video etc.
Wherein, model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule, and the memory model submodule is responsible for the three-dimensional modeling of constructing virtual refuelling station; The behavior model submodule is responsible for constructing virtual role's various basic acts; The constraint condition submodule is used for memory model is associated with behavior model.Basic constraint condition comprises applying, applying skew, orientation and the coordinate system etc. of virtual behavior and dummy object, these constraint conditions all can be classified as the position relationship between the point-line-surface, it mainly is for the scope of determining constraint identification and the effect of contraction scope that participates in navigation that bounding box commonly used intersects judgement, and bounding box is non-intersect then not to retrain identification.
Wherein, the virtual environment simulation layer is responsible for the interactive operation of virtual refuelling station and is explained, its further comprise the collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule.
The collision detection submodule adopts the hierarchy type collision detection algorithm based on geometric surface, refuelling station's model is carried out the laddering interference of spatial index piece layer, containing box layer, geometry surface layer, dough sheet layer and judges.This is a kind of collision checking method based on discrete point, and the computing expense of this method is less, passes through but cause easily the crossover of object to cross deeply or each other.For fear of the generation of this situation, we rule of thumb model adopt less simulation step-length to carry out collision detection.Can progressively dwindle the scope that participates in collision detection based on the hierarchy type collision detection algorithm of geometric surface, thereby refuelling station's model is carried out computing cutting and optimization.This algorithm can effectively remedy the conventional butt detection algorithm geometric surface information is considered not enough shortcoming, effectively improves the efficient of collision detection, and can directly return the geometric surface that bumps pair, for follow-up pseudo operation identification provides foundation.
Time/the Event triggered submodule: refer to come complex behavior in refuelling station's virtual reality by the Time And Event trigger mechanism, system can be carried out within the time limit that sets in advance or according to setting event, time triggers the task in refuelling station's three dimension system that refers to and could move on a certain predefined time, Event triggered refers to that a task in the three dimension system only could move under the condition that associated particular event occurs, at present a lot of virtual reality system times of can not satisfying/event is mixed the requirement that triggers, native system increases a scheduling controlling layer by task is triggered, utilize key-course to come the trigger mechanism of management role node, the cardinal rule that adopts is that time triggering task will bring into operation at predefined time point, if have the Event triggered task this moment, this Event triggered task will preferentially be carried out so.
The video camera submodule is used for supporting the user in the control of roaming virtual reality scenario process to viewpoint, the video camera submodule can manage storage to the attitude information of camera viewpoint, realize viewpoint free-roaming in scene, the operations such as path animation, this module also provides the management to render engine what comes into a driver's body information simultaneously, comprise control data, method and attribute information that the what comes into a driver's gymnastics need in the process to be done, the user that the quality of video camera submodule directly affects whole virtual reality system experiences.
Described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, the typical calamity model bank, described refuelling station basic database comprises refuelling station's basic information data, technological process data, real-time running data, representative accident simulated data etc., described refuelling station model bank comprises the three-dimensional digitalization model of refuelling station's factory building, device and equipment stereoscopic level, and model and reality scene make up according to the 1:1 ratio.
Accident three-dimensional rendering method in the described accident three-dimensional rendering module is based on the dough sheet method of superposition, realization accident whole play up work on GPU, generation from dough sheet, ordering and play up entirely and finish in GPU inside has realized the needed in real time accident three-dimensional simulations such as extensive leakage, fire in the virtual reality.
The present invention also provides a kind of refuelling station virtual reality, and it comprises:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive Helmet Mounted Display that engine modules is used for receiving and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit with sensor and data glove with sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in the described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, the role makes respective action in the control virtual scene;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is used for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is used for the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of driving refuelling station virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that the digitizing scene is provided;
Described examination evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule;
The described three-dimensional engine modules that drives is comprised of rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer;
Described rendering layer comprises 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processing submodule and texture processing submodule;
Described model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule;
Described virtual environment simulation layer further comprise the collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule;
Described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, typical calamity model bank.
Further preferred, described refuelling station virtual reality only is made of above-mentioned parts.
The present invention also provides a kind of refuelling station virtual training device, and it comprises:
Computer terminal, Helmet Mounted Display, the Helmet Mounted Display that links to each other with Helmet Mounted Display are with sensor, earphone, data glove, the data glove usefulness sensor and the position tracker that link to each other with data glove;
Utilize described data glove and described position tracker in virtual scene, to finish virtual gesture mapping, realization is to the pseudo operation identification of equipment In Oil Service Station, by the real-time, interactive of virtual hand operation realization to equipment in the virtual scene and object, finish real-time man-machine interactive operation true to nature;
Described Helmet Mounted Display cooperates earphone in order to showing audio frequency, vision signal, and perception trainee head orientation, for the user provides a virtual environment of immersing;
Described data glove, Helmet Mounted Display are connected by VGA video interface, audio interface and USB interface with described computer terminal.
Described data glove utilizes the sensor on it to obtain data, and the equipment In Oil Service Station such as fuel charger, fire monitor are realized pseudo operation identification.
Described data glove can realize the actions such as bending pointed, but when the hand translation, the position has changed, but data glove can't be obtained the data of hand translation, and the location tracking device can be realized this function.Further preferred, described refuelling station virtual training device only is made of the said equipment.
Refuelling station of the present invention virtual reality is by using 3 d modeling software to make up the 3 d model library of refuelling station; Increase income three-dimensional picture development library OpenGL and physical engine (collision that preamble is described, the particle special efficacy of accident etc. all belongs to the category of physical engine) of utilization combines, and uses VC exploitation three-dimensional digital virtual reality engine; Utilize data glove and position tracker in virtual scene, to realize virtual gesture mapping, realize real-time man-machine interactive operation true to nature; Helmet Mounted Display is by linking to each other with the computer terminal, cooperates earphone in order to showing audio frequency, vision signal, and perception trainee head orientation; Providing on the standard operation training basis, the mode of examining with interactive operation in three-dimensional virtual scene takes an exam to the trainee and estimates; Provide polygonal look to work in coordination with training method, various rolls enters Same Scene under the networking state, has different functions and equipment without the role, carries out the interaction training.
The present invention also provides the application of above-mentioned refuelling station virtual reality in Safe production of chemical industry.
The present invention utilizes these modern information technology means of the communication technology, computing machine and network technology thereof, and whole system is combined with software systems by hardware system and is finished.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of based on the mutual virtual reality implementation structure figure of refuelling station of hardware.
(1) operator is the active main body in the whole system, and he sends operational motion, and comes the adjusting operation action according to the feedback information that obtains, until finish desired operation.The operator moves the actions such as crawl of main hand in the native system;
(2) in order to realize nature between operator and the virtual operating environment, mutual efficiently, because the operator can not directly enter in the virtual environment and operate, can only finish pseudo operation by the agency (virtual hand) of staff in virtual environment, native system mainly utilizes position tracker and data glove, links to each other with computing machine by the RS232 interface.The main capture operation person of data glove hand motion wherein, position tracker is used for catching the positional information of hand.
(3) computer terminal utilizes the three-dimensional engine that drives to accept the actuating signal that each sensor receives in the concurrency processing system, utilizes the virtual hand model realization to the interactive operation of equipment in the virtual scene and object.
(4) scene database mainly comprises three-dimensional scenic database and casualty data storehouse.Wherein the three-dimensional scenic database comprises the equipment In Oil Service Station basic information data, refuelling station's three-dimensional modeling data, daily standardized operating norms data, refuelling station's accident emergency prediction scheme data, fire-fighting resource data and examination knowledge data; The casualty data storehouse comprises representative accident (leakage, fire, blast etc.) numerical simulation data, accident generating process data, disaster contextual data after the accident (equipment breakdown remains etc.) and accident three-dimensional visualization data.
(5) operator is through after training, managerial personnel can utilize this system that the operator is examined, managerial personnel carry out simulated operation by the operator according to the study situation of self by different examination subjects is set, and system can mark according to operator's operational circumstances; In addition, the evaluation function that system provides can be estimated operating process and rehearsal step, by comparing with working specification and emergency preplan, finds out the deficiency in the operating process, and standard and prediction scheme are improved and revised.
(6) Helmet Mounted Display can be presented at the three-dimensional scenic figure of main frame in the helmet as the output device of native system, improves feeling of immersion and the interactivity of virtual training.
Three-dimensional in refuelling station's virtual reality that Fig. 2 shows drives the frame construction drawing of engine modules, and the three-dimensional engine modules that drives adopts the Hierarchical Design mode, is comprised of rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer.Rendering layer is played up storehouse OpenGL based on three-dimensional picture, provides the generation of basic body and plays up work; Model layer comprises memory model, behavior model and constraint condition.Memory model is responsible for the three-dimensional modeling of constructing virtual refuelling station; Behavior model is responsible for constructing virtual role's various basic acts; Constraint condition is used for memory model is associated with behavior model.The virtual environment simulation layer is responsible for the interactive operation of virtual refuelling station and the explanation of virtual objects behavior.
(1) model layer is the basis of whole engine, and the three-dimensional engine that drives is begun by model layer.Memory model wherein is used for the storage scenarios database, and scene database mainly comprises three-dimensional scenic database and casualty data storehouse.Wherein the three-dimensional scenic database comprises the equipment In Oil Service Station basic information data, refuelling station's three-dimensional modeling data, daily standardized operating norms data, refuelling station's accident emergency prediction scheme data, fire-fighting resource data and examination knowledge data; The casualty data storehouse comprises representative accident (leakage, fire, blast etc.) numerical simulation data, accident generating process data, disaster contextual data after the accident (equipment breakdown remains etc.) and accident three-dimensional visualization data.Behavior model is responsible for constructing virtual role's various actions, comprises crawl, the mobile and operations such as rotation, release.Constraint condition comprises applying, applying skew, orientation and the coordinate system etc. of virtual behavior and dummy object, these constraint conditions all can be classified as the position relationship between the point-line-surface, it mainly is for the scope of determining constraint identification and the effect of contraction scope that participates in navigation that bounding box commonly used intersects judgement, and bounding box is non-intersect then not to retrain identification.
(2) rendering layer is the three-dimensional core that drives engine, is the visualization display to model layer.Geometric model is drawn the three-dimensional modeling data of supporting and is comprised * .3ds and * .max.Not only can resolve drafting to the 3DS file, can utilize the 3DS Max data plug-in unit of independent research, directly derive self-defining three-dimensional model form from 3DS Max, curing or animated characteristics of support model has good compatibility.This module mainly is responsible for the 3-D geometric model data are organized, manage and drawn.At first adopt the Progressive Mesh algorithm that model data is carried out pre-service, adopt R-tree to carry out index organization to three-dimensional modeling data, with the LRU cache algorithm model data is carried out multithread scheduling based on IOCP mechanism, realize the efficient data engine towards refuelling station's three-dimensional model.In drawing process, adopt data adaptive dispatching technique between " external memory-internal memory-video memory " and display list (Display List), VBO(Vertex Buffer Object), the GPU such as hardware occlusion culling plays up speed technology, further satisfies the demand that system high efficiency is drawn.Light is processed the main lighting effect simulation in the render process of being responsible for.At first, the real-time structure of this module illumination model.In basic illumination model, the surface color of an object is the summation of the illumination effects such as radiation (emissive), Ambient (ambient), diffuse reflection (diffuse) and mirror-reflection (specular).The acting in conjunction of the character (for example color of light and position) of the character (for example brightness and material color) of Facing material and light source is depended in every kind of illumination effect.This module is supported the various light sources model, comprises directional light, spotlight, floodlight etc., and can be by adjusting parameter real time inspection lighting effect.Then carry out lighting simulation based on GPU Shader technology, the Shader program is divided into two kinds: summit shader and pixel shader.By summit shader, provide flexibly illumination model computing method; And pixel Shader provides a kind of method of setting up flexibly true illumination model and realizing a lot of special-effects.The data texturing of virtual scene is in charge of and is dispatched to texture processing.Core is a texture manager (TextureManager), supports data texturing form commonly used, comprises tga, png, jpg, bmp, dds etc.The data texturing that is loaded into internal memory is resolved and information extraction, adopts the public texture of texture counter technical management render engine, avoid identical texture repeat be written into, save internal memory, video memory space.Simultaneously, multiple GPU texture special efficacy is played up in this module support, in conjunction with FBO(Frame Buffer Object), PBO(Pixel Buffer Object) etc. the display buffer technology, the model texture is carried out Specially Effect Simulation more true to nature, comprise Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct, bright special efficacy, AVI video etc.
(3) the virtual environment simulation layer is the three-dimensional important component part that drives engine, is responsible for the interactive operation of refuelling station's training system.Wherein collision detection adopts the hierarchy type collision detection algorithm based on geometric surface.Refuelling station's model being carried out the laddering interference of spatial index piece layer, containing box layer, geometry surface layer, dough sheet layer judges.This is a kind of collision checking method based on discrete point, and the computing expense of this method is less, passes through but cause easily the crossover of object to cross deeply or each other.For fear of the generation of this situation, we rule of thumb model adopt less simulation step-length to carry out collision detection.Can progressively dwindle the scope that participates in collision detection based on the hierarchy type collision detection algorithm of geometric surface, thereby refuelling station's model is carried out computing cutting and optimization.This algorithm can effectively remedy the conventional butt detection algorithm geometric surface information is considered not enough shortcoming, effectively improves the efficient of collision detection, and can directly return the geometric surface that bumps pair, for follow-up pseudo operation identification provides foundation.Time triggers the task in refuelling station's three dimension system that refers to and could move on a certain predefined time, Event triggered refers to that a task in the three dimension system only could move under the condition that associated particular event occurs, at present a lot of virtual reality system times of can not satisfying/event is mixed the requirement that triggers, native system increases a scheduling controlling layer by task is triggered, utilize key-course to come the trigger mechanism of management role node, the cardinal rule that adopts is that time triggering task will bring into operation at predefined time point, if have the Event triggered task this moment, this Event triggered task will preferentially be carried out so.The user to the control of viewpoint, all is function supports that camara module provides in roaming virtual reality scenario process.Camera model can manage storage to the attitude information of camera viewpoint, realizes viewpoint free-roaming in scene, the operations such as path animation.This module also provides the management to render engine what comes into a driver's body information simultaneously, comprises control data, method and attribute information that the what comes into a driver's gymnastics need in the process to be done.The user that the quality of camera model directly affects whole virtual reality system experiences.
Fig. 3 has shown the operational simulation flowchart process of data glove driver module, the trainee wears the band data glove and position tracker carries out interactive operation, the three-dimensional data that drive engine modules image data gloves and position tracker, calculate position and the attitude in each joint of hand, (data glove is hardware to drive virtual hand with the position that calculates and attitude data, utilize the virtual hand in the data glove control virtual scene, virtual hand is a kind of embody the in other words conj.or perhaps a kind of existence form of data glove in system) motion in each joint of section, carry out virtual hand and be operated collision detection between the object, whether catch operated object according to crawl rule judgment virtual hand.
(1) the operator's task of finishing is as required sent operational motion, and data glove is measured the raw data in each joint of staff.
(2) position tracker is measured the more specific location information of staff in work space.
(3) data communication device of data glove and position tracker measurement is crossed the RS232 serial ports and is sent the virtual service station environment that generates in the computing machine to, computing machine calculates the virtual hand needed parameters that moves according to resulting human hand movement raw data, and upgrades position and the attitude of virtual hand in the pseudo operation space according to these parameters.
(4) carry out collision detection between virtual hand and pseudo operation object (equipment In Oil Service Station and facility).If not collision between the two, process forwards information to and feeds back a step; If collision is arranged between the two, change next step over to, and judge whether satisfy the crawl rule between virtual hand and dummy object.
(5) if virtual hand and dummy object satisfy the crawl rule, then: the coordinate system of dummy object is connected with the coordinate system of virtual hand, and namely dummy object is grasped by virtual hand; Dummy object with virtual hand by operations such as translation, rotations.
(6) if do not satisfy the crawl rule between virtual hand and the dummy object, then: judge whether dummy object is connected with the virtual hand coordinate system, if connect, then remove this relation, both dummy object was released; If do not connect, then keep dummy object and virtual hand coordinate relation separately, then with this result feedback to the operator.
(7) after the operator receives feedback message, adjust position and the attitude of hand according to operation task;
(8) data glove and position tracker are measured position and the attitude information of hand, and this information is passed to virtual service station environment, the operation cycle of a beginning new round.
Fig. 4 has shown an example of the virtual rehearsal of refuelling station's accident, the system creation accident scene, and the trainee selects different roles to enter rehearsal, comprising: operating personnel, squad leader, fire fighter etc., different role has different visual angles and task.After the rehearsal beginning, the trainee handles virtual role and carries out rehearsal; In the rehearsal process, the keeper can carry out intervention operation to rehearsal, and virtual scene can be made respective feedback, and the trainee can receive and take Corresponding Countermeasures; After rehearsal finished, system carried out record to the rehearsal process, and editor forms the rehearsal archives, can be by commenting on examination with existing prediction scheme contrast or expert.
(1) prediction scheme and basic database are used to provide the needed emergency preplan of virtual rehearsal and Back ground Information, and wherein prediction scheme mainly comprises the emergency disposal prediction scheme document of refuelling station's representative accident (leakage, blast, fire etc.); Basic database comprises three-dimensional scene models storehouse, refuelling station, refuelling station's representative accident (leakage, blast, fire etc.) numerical simulation data, and disaster contextual data (equipment breakdown remains etc.) and accident three-dimensional visualization data after the accident.
(2) the prediction scheme rehearsal refers to carry out virtual rehearsal by accident scene and related facility are set according to existing prediction scheme in virtual scene.
(3) rehearsal mainly comprises task setting and scene setting at random, and wherein the task setting refers to by various parameters are set, and is arranged on the disaster and the accident that occur in the rehearsal scene, and can mix according to the Time And Event form and trigger next step operation; Scene setting refers to and can create the rehearsal environment according to the rehearsal needs, the relevant information in rehearsal place is set.
(4) person of participating in training drills according to the different role of the task choosing of oneself, and the role that system provides comprises: squad leader, oiling person, fire fighter, the roles such as metrological personnel and the masses.
(5) implement in the rehearsal process, the person of participating in training utilizes the input equipment such as data glove and location tracking device and virtual scene to carry out alternately according to oneself role, finish action and the step stipulated in the prediction scheme; The masses can be used as the personnel of viewing and emulating and select at any time visual angle to view and emulate the process of really drilling.
(6) mainly in order to the multimedia forms such as video, sound record rehearsal process, editor forms the rehearsal archives to logging modle.
(7) comment on mechanism and the rehearsal process is estimated and examined by introducing the expert in the evaluation module, and compare with existing prediction scheme document, search the deficiency in the rehearsal process, and existing prediction scheme is made amendment and perfect.
This intellecture property of primary enforcement that all are above-mentioned is not set restriction this new product of other forms of enforcement and/or new method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on new product of the present invention.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be the restriction of the present invention being made other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away to any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that above embodiment does, still belongs to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. refuelling station's virtual reality, it comprises:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive Helmet Mounted Display that engine modules is used for receiving and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit with sensor and data glove with sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in the described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, the role makes respective action in the control virtual scene;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is used for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is used for the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of driving refuelling station virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that the digitizing scene is provided;
Described examination evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule.
2. refuelling station according to claim 1 virtual reality is characterized in that:
The described three-dimensional engine modules that drives adopts the Hierarchical Design mode to design, and is comprised of rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer.
3. refuelling station according to claim 2 virtual reality, it is characterized in that: described rendering layer adopts OpenGL as the bottom shape library of rendering system, provide the generation of 3-D geometric model and play up work, comprise that further 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processes submodule and texture processing submodule;
Described 3-D geometric model rendering submodule mainly is responsible for the 3-D geometric model data are organized, manage and drawn;
Described light is processed submodule and mainly is responsible for lighting effect simulation in the render process;
The data texturing of virtual scene is in charge of and is dispatched to described texture processing submodule.
4. it is characterized in that according to claim 2 or 3 described refuelling station virtual realities:
Model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule;
The memory model submodule is responsible for the three-dimensional modeling of constructing virtual refuelling station;
The behavior model submodule is responsible for constructing virtual role's various basic acts;
The constraint condition submodule is used for memory model is associated with behavior model.
5. according to claim 2 to 4 described refuelling station virtual realities, it is characterized in that:
The virtual environment simulation layer is responsible for the interactive operation of virtual refuelling station and is explained, its further comprise the collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule;
Described collision detection submodule is judged the laddering interference that refuelling station's model carries out spatial index piece layer, containing box layer, geometry surface layer, dough sheet layer;
Time/the Event triggered submodule refers to come complex behavior in the control system by the Time And Event trigger mechanism, system can be carried out within the time limit that sets in advance or according to setting event, time wherein triggers as a task in refuelling station's three dimension system and could move on a certain predefined time, and Event triggered is that a task in the three dimension system only could be moved under the condition that associated particular event occurs;
The video camera submodule is used for supporting the user in the control of roaming virtual reality scenario process to viewpoint.
6. according to claim 2 to 5 described refuelling station virtual realities, it is characterized in that:
Described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, the typical calamity model bank, described refuelling station basic database comprises refuelling station's basic information data, technological process data, real-time running data, representative accident simulated data, described refuelling station model bank comprises the three-dimensional digitalization model of refuelling station's factory building, device and equipment stereoscopic level, and model and reality scene make up according to the 1:1 ratio.
7. refuelling station's virtual reality is characterized in that, comprising:
Three-dimensional engine modules, contextual data library module, data glove driver module, Helmet Mounted Display driver module, accident three-dimensional rendering module and the Exam Evaluation module of driving;
Described three-dimensional drive Helmet Mounted Display that engine modules is used for receiving and process refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit with sensor and data glove with sensor passes to the person's of the participating in training actuating signal in the described virtual reality, the data of image data gloves and position tracker, the role makes respective action in the control virtual scene;
Described accident three-dimensional rendering module realizes the virtual scene of the accidents such as refuelling station's leakage, fire and blast, in conjunction with evolution mechanism and the dynamic behaviour of limited state machine algorithms simulated accident;
Described data glove driver module is used for driving the data glove of refuelling station's virtual training hardware unit and the operation of location tracking device;
Described Helmet Mounted Display driver module is used for the operation of the Helmet Mounted Display of driving refuelling station virtual training hardware unit;
Described contextual data library module is used to virtual training that the digitizing scene is provided;
Described examination evaluation module comprises electronic test paper submodule, automatic scoring submodule and sight examination submodule;
The described three-dimensional engine modules that drives is comprised of rendering layer, model layer and virtual environment simulation layer;
Described rendering layer comprises 3-D geometric model rendering submodule, light processing submodule and texture processing submodule;
Described model layer comprises memory model submodule, behavior model submodule and constraint condition submodule;
Described virtual environment simulation layer further comprise the collision detection submodule, time/Event triggered submodule and video camera submodule;
Described contextual data library module comprises refuelling station's basic database, refuelling station's model bank, typical calamity model bank.
8. refuelling station's virtual training device is characterized in that, comprising:
Computer terminal, Helmet Mounted Display, the Helmet Mounted Display that links to each other with Helmet Mounted Display are with sensor, earphone, data glove, the data glove usefulness sensor and the position tracker that link to each other with data glove;
Utilize described data glove and described position tracker in virtual scene, to finish virtual gesture mapping, realization is to the pseudo operation identification of equipment In Oil Service Station, by the real-time, interactive of virtual hand operation realization to equipment in the virtual scene and object, finish real-time man-machine interactive operation true to nature;
Described Helmet Mounted Display cooperates earphone in order to showing audio frequency, vision signal, and perception trainee head orientation, for the user provides a virtual environment of immersing;
Described data glove, Helmet Mounted Display are connected by VGA video interface, audio interface and USB interface with described computer terminal.
9. claim 1 to 7 described refuelling station virtual reality or the application of refuelling station's virtual training device claimed in claim 8 in Safe production of chemical industry.
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