Background of invention:
Pseudo-boehmite ((A1OOHnH
2O, n=0.08 ~ 0.62), also claim false boehmite, to be that a class forms uncertain, crystallization is imperfect, have a kind of aluminium hydroxide of thin fold lamella, has the characteristics such as specific surface is high, pore volume is large.Pseudo-boehmite is 400 ~ 700
oProduct γ-the Al of roasting between the C
2O
3Be widely used as support of the catalyst, catalyzer and sorbent material etc.; In 1100 ~ 1200
oCalcining can get nanometer alpha-A1 between C
2O
3, be widely used as effective catalyst, submicron/nanometer level abrasive substance and polishing material, makeup filler and the inorganic material film etc. of paint additive, high-grade ceramic, petrochemical complex, be the type material that a class has wide development prospect.
It is different that the production method of industrial pseudo-boehmite is pressed raw material, mainly is divided into organo-aluminium alcoholate method and inorganic neutralisation.The organo-aluminium alcoholate method refers to that German Condea company succeeds in developing a kind of high-quality pseudo-boehmite take rafifinal bits and higher alcohols (Pentyl alcohol, n-hexyl alcohol) as raw material production, its production comprises the working cycle of aluminum hydroxide-aluminum oxide-aluminium-aluminium alcoholates-aluminium hydroxide.The SB powder is because crystal formation is good, pore structure is easily controlled, specific surface area is large and purity is high, is widely used in catalytic field.But the organic solvent that the method is used has certain toxicity, and production cost is also higher.Inorganic neutralisation is mainly adopted in domestic pseudo-boehmite production, comprises alkaline process, acid system and two aluminium method.The basic technology that alkaline process is produced pseudo-boehmite comprises gel-aging-separation and washing-dry four steps.The characteristics that this method is produced are: raw material is cheap, and production cost is low; Be convenient to scale operation.Shortcoming is that iron, silicon, sodium impurity are higher, and crystalline phase purity is low, and technology stability is poor.Acid system adds the neutralizations such as water soluble alkali such as sodium metaaluminate, sodium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, ammoniacal liquor take aluminium salt such as Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum nitrate, aluminum chloride as raw material, and preparation process comprises into the processes such as glue, aging, washing is dry.Two aluminium methods refer to Tai-Ace S 150 and sodium metaaluminate with and stream mode add and carry out neutralization reaction, the technology of preparation pseudo-boehmite.Different methods all has separately relative merits, but there is common shortcoming in each method: product easily has stray crystal, and cost is relatively high.
As a rule, the aluminum oxide that is used as catalyzer and support of the catalyst need to design high as far as possible specific surface area, so that catalytic site and active concentration reach maximum, but in practical ranges, the relation in specific surface area and aperture opposes.Especially in refining of petroleum, the day by day in poor quality along with petroleum resources exists a large amount of organometallic compounds and bituminous matter in the stock oil, and wherein modal metal is nickel, vanadium and iron.These metals are unfavorable for various petroleum refinement operations very much, such as hydrocracking, hydrogenating desulfurization and catalytic cracking.These metals and bituminous matter can cause the pore plugging of beds and reduce catalyst life.A large amount of metal deposits on the catalyzer tend to make poisoning of catalyst or inactivation.For preventing or slow down poisoning or the inactivation of catalyzer, spread with regard to needing enough large hole, but will reduce specific surface area when improving hole.Studies show that, although diameter is lower than the reactive site quantity that the hole of 6nm can increase some silica/alumina hydrogenation catalyst, these positions can at first be stopped up by carbon distribution, cause activity decreased.Simultaneously, if in the catalyzer greater than 10% total pore volume by the aperture greater than the 60nm(macropore) hole occupy, the mechanical crushing strength of this catalyzer and catalytic activity all can reduce so.At present general viewpoint is thought, with regard to some silica/alumina catalyzer, the aperture is 15 ~ 60nm(mesopore) hole to reach at utmost be to meet the requirement that can accept active and catalyst life.Increasing specific surface area and improving the mesopore ratio is to need mutually to coordinate, meanwhile, when catalyst exposure in reaction conditions such as high temperature, high pressure and high humidity lower time, also need have high hydrothermal stability.Therefore, prepare the target that high-specific surface area, the pore distribution aluminum oxide moderate and hydrothermally stable that is suitable for support of the catalyst becomes numerous study on the carrier persons.
Therefore, widen the aluminium source and seek new starting material, pseudo-boehmite and derivative thereof that preparation has the different structure characteristic are very necessary.Numerous researchers prepare pseudo-boehmite by multiple aluminium salt and have done a large amount of research, but rarely have report take the fast shedding of cheapness as raw material prepares pseudo-boehmite.Fast shedding is to have a ρ-or aluminum oxide of χ-crystalline structure by what the gibbsite quick burning made, the most significant characteristic is to have high porosity and low cost, but activated alumina also has the some shortcomings that limit its widespread use, such as activated alumina because its high free energy and unstable, be hyperergy, because form the fast dewatering method of activated alumina, its crystal formation is unbodied.
Hydrothermal method is the forming process that the sand smeller studies some mineral and rock before over one hundred year for the hydrothermal reaction condition under the simulated formation, a kind of chemical synthesis process that produces when in the laboratory, carrying out simulated experiment, especially prepare the powder aspect, the powder that can prepare well-crystallized and favorable dispersity directly affects powder crystal grain phase and pattern.External investigators have done certain research to fast shedding hydrothermal treatment consists.U.S. W. R. Grace ﹠ Co has reported the pseudo-boehmite for preparing 2 ~ 20nm through hydro-thermal reaction by the aluminium hydroxide after grinding and activated alumina in the presence of crystallographic dimension growth inhibitor (silicate or phosphoric acid salt) in CN 1213800C.Fast shedding and being combined with of crystallographic dimension growth inhibitor have increased mean pore size and pore volume, have also increased specific surface area simultaneously.Sato Goro of Japan reports in CN 1120129C hydrothermal treatment consists is carried out in fast shedding in the acidic medium of high density, can make a kind of alumina sol that has high alumina concentration and be particularly suitable for being used as alumina supporter or hydrogenation catalyst.This colloidal sol is fibrous pseudo-boehmite, and its weight mean diameter is 3 ~ 50nm, and weight average length is 30 ~ 3000nm.
The method that at present prepares pseudo-boehmite by fast shedding exists all that raw material granularity is strict, impurity in products content is high or reaction system is acid by force to shortcomings such as equipment corrosion height, is unfavorable for realizing industrialization.The present invention has overcome above shortcoming, and preparation technology is simple, and product purity is high, and is with low cost, easily carries out suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention be to provide a kind of by fast shedding at crystal seed or/and the Water Under thermal response that other additives exist prepares the method for pseudo-boehmite.This method is easy and simple to handle, and is with low cost, and product has the characteristics of wide aperture and high-ratio surface.The ordinary method production cost is high to solve, the uppity shortcoming of product structure.
The present invention is a kind of method that is prepared pseudo-boehmite by fast shedding, it is characterized in that:
Comprise the steps:
1) adds a certain amount of dispersion agent in the appropriate amount of deionized water, making its concentration is 0 ~ 20mmol/L, then under well-beaten condition, add massfraction and be 10 ~ 20% fast shedding, add subsequently in fast shedding, massfraction is that 0 ~ 50% pseudo-boehmite is crystal seed, after stirring, be 3 ~ 10 with acid or alkali regulation system pH, be transferred in the reactor and react, the control temperature of reaction is 120 ~ 200 ℃, reaction times 1 ~ 8hr;
2) after reaction finishes, it is 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 30 ~ 90 ℃ of burin-in process 0.5 ~ 8hr, carrying out subsequently suction filtration separates, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in a certain amount of deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal;
3) with above-mentioned product at 100 ~ 150 ℃ of drying 4 ~ 16hr, pulverize, obtain the pseudo-boehmite powder.
Present method wherein, the dispersion agent in the step 1) is selected from one or more of cationic dispersing agent, anionic dispersing agent or non-ionic dispersing agent.Cationic dispersing agent comprises quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, such as Trimethyllaurylammonium bromide, Tetradecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide; Anionic dispersing agent comprises alkylsurfuric acid esters surface active agent such as sodium lauryl sulphate, benzene sulfonamide acids tensio-active agent such as Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl carboxylic acid class tensio-active agent such as the moon water glass, sodium tartrate; Non-ionic dispersing agent comprises fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether class such as polyoxyethylene glycol.
Present method wherein, the acid in the step 1) is selected from a kind of in nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, formic acid, the acetic acid, alkali is selected from a kind of in ammoniacal liquor, sodium hydroxide, the potassium hydroxide.
The present invention compares with the background technology project, and the beneficial effect that has is: (1) preparation process is simple, with low cost, is fit to suitability for industrialized production; (2) the product preparation process is not introduced the impurity such as sodium, sulphur, and product purity is high; (3) by introducing crystal seed, utilize the synergy of dispersion agent, control certain preparation condition and can make the controlled pseudo-boehmite product of specific surface and pore structure, be with a wide range of applications.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
1.6L add the fast shedding of 400g in the deionized water, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 200 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 30 ℃ of 8hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 100 ℃ of dry 16hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 2
1.8L add the fast shedding of 200g in the deionized water, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃ of 0.5hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 3
Add the fast shedding of 250g in the 2L deionized water, then add the 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 80 ℃ of 2hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 4
Add the fast shedding of 250g in the 2L deionized water, then add the 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 120 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 8hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 80 ℃ of 2hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 5
1.8L add the fast shedding of 200g in the deionized water, then add the 200g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 1hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 80 ℃ of 2hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 6
Add the fast shedding of 250g in the 2L deionized water, then add the 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 3.0, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃ of 1hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 7
Add the fast shedding of 250g in the 2L deionized water, then add the 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, regulate pH to 10.0 with ammoniacal liquor, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃ of 1hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 8
At first add the 7.3g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide in the 2L deionized water, its concentration is 10mmol/L, add the fast shedding of 250g under the well-beaten condition, add subsequently the 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃ of 1hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 9
At first add the 2.2g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide in the 2L deionized water, its concentration is 3mmol/L, add the fast shedding of 250g under the well-beaten condition, add subsequently the 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃ of 2hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 10
At first add the 4.6g sodium tartrate in the 2L deionized water, its concentration is 10mmol/L, add the fast shedding of 250g under the well-beaten condition, add subsequently the 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃ of 2hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 11
At first add the 7.0g Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate in the 2L deionized water, its concentration is 10mmol/L, add the fast shedding of 250g under the well-beaten condition, add subsequently the 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃ of 2hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 120 ℃ of dry 8hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 12
At first add 8.0g polyoxyethylene glycol-200 in the 2L deionized water, its concentration is 20mmol/L, add the fast shedding of 250g under the well-beaten condition, add subsequently the 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃ of 2hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 150 ℃ of dry 4hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Embodiment 13
At first add 2.3g sodium tartrate and 3.6g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide in the 2L deionized water, its concentration is respectively 5mmol/L and 5mmol/L, add the fast shedding of 250g under the well-beaten condition, add subsequently the 25g pseudo-boehmite as crystal seed, after stirring, with 1mol/L nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, subsequently slurries are transferred in the reactor, the control temperature of reaction is 150 ℃, and mixing speed is 180rpm, reaction 4hr.After reaction finished, it was 8 ~ 10 that slurries are transferred to pH with ammoniacal liquor, in 90 ℃ of 2hr that wear out, carry out subsequently suction filtration and separate, obtain the crude product filter cake, then the crude product filter cake is dispersed in the 2L deionized water, fully making beating washing, then suction filtration separates, and obtains the product filter cake of imurity-removal.Above-mentioned product at 150 ℃ of dry 4hr, is obtained the product powder, and analytical results is listed in table 1.
Table 1 product crystalline phase and N
2Adsorption/desorption analyzing and testing result
By data in the table as can be known: improve the pH value of temperature of reaction and raising reaction system, be conducive to generate wide-aperture pseudo-boehmite; Add the pseudo-boehmite crystal seed, with dispersion agent, can improve the specific surface area of product; Being used in conjunction with of dissimilar dispersion agent can make the pseudo-boehmite product of large specific surface large pore volume.