CN102866487B - Coaxial four surpass in reverse low distorted optical system - Google Patents
Coaxial four surpass in reverse low distorted optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102866487B CN102866487B CN201210334328.8A CN201210334328A CN102866487B CN 102866487 B CN102866487 B CN 102866487B CN 201210334328 A CN201210334328 A CN 201210334328A CN 102866487 B CN102866487 B CN 102866487B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to coaxial four and surpass in reverse low distorted optical system, comprise primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors, four mirrors, plane mirror and reception image planes, wherein the optical axis of primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors, four mirrors and plane mirror on the same line, plane mirror is between three mirrors and four mirrors, primary mirror and secondary mirror form classical R-C system, and forming a real image, real image is through three mirrors, four mirror relay imagings turn back to reception image planes place by plane mirror; Primary mirror, secondary mirror and three mirrors form coaxial TMA system and bear most focal power, and less focal power born by four mirrors in optical system imaging, account for the 10-20% of total focal power; Optical system aperture diaphragm is positioned on primary mirror, and four mirrors are placed in system exit pupil position place.Optical system of the present invention can realize high picture element, ultra-low distortion and high stability, and greatly can reduce the difficulty of processing of heavy caliber primary mirror, is applicable to the spaceborne tridimensional mapping camera of high precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to space flight optical remote sensor technical field, relate to a kind of ultra-low distortion High Precision Stereo mapping imaging optical system being applicable to spaceborne space to ground, particularly relate to a kind of coaxial four and surpass in reverse low distorted optical system.
Background technology
Along with the development of space optical remote technology, the optical system for mapping camera requires also increasingly stringent.
Cartographic satellite main task carries the imaging sensor meeting stereoscopic photograph requirement to carry out stereoscopic photograph to earth surface, obtain the multi-dimensional image data of atural object, mapping treatment technology is utilized to process view data, Accurate Measurement landforms, atural object shape, size, attribute and spatial positional information, but the distortion size of optical system decides the geometric positioning accuracy of view data, the mapping precision that direct effect diagram picture is final.
Multiple country is had to succeed in sending up tridimensional mapping camera in the world at present, wherein three-linear array CCD mapping camera MEOSS, the Japanese panchromatic remote sensing instrument of stereo mapping (PRISM) developed on ALOS satellite of the more representational CCD tridimensional mapping camera included on the IKONOS-2 of the U.S., Germany.CCD tridimensional mapping camera on the IKONOS-2 of wherein U.S., focal length is 10m, and ground resolution reaches 1m and adopts coaxial three mirrors to disappear astigmatism (TMA) optical system structure pattern, and primary and secondary, three mirrors all adopt aspheric design; The single-lens three-linear array CCD mapping camera (MEOSS) of Germany, focal length is only 61.6mm, and adopt transmission-type structural shape, ground pixel resolution is only 52m × 80m; Tridimensional mapping camera on Japan's ALOS satellite adopts optical system to be the system architecture of astigmatism (TMA) of disappearing from axle three mirror, and focal length is 2m, pixel resolution 2.5m.
The optical system pattern of the tridimensional mapping camera succeeded in sending up at present has transmissive system, off-axis reflection three mirror anastigmatic system and axis reflector formula three mirror anastigmatic system.For long-focus high resolving power tridimensional mapping camera, transmissive system due to scantling and characteristic thereof restriction and cannot adopt.Therefore the optical system form that high-resolution stereo mapping adopts is mainly limited to off-axis reflection three mirror anastigmatic system and axis reflector formula three mirror anastigmatic system at present.Wherein the difficulty of processing of off-axis reflection system mirror is very big, catoptron processing, detect and debug and all can not use conventional methods, the tangential meridian distortion of optical design is difficult to control, systems engineering difficulty is large, accuracy of temperature control is difficult to ensure, is especially not suitable for the optical system of agile tridimensional mapping camera.And although the systems engineering of axis reflector formula three mirror anastigmatic system is realisation good, be easy to realize high precision temperature control, cannot realize Large visual angle, systematical distortion is difficult to eliminate.At present the disappear tridimensional mapping camera optical system distortion of astigmatism structural shape of success employing axis reflector formula three mirror in orbit is all greater than one of percentage magnitude, when adopting long-line array detector, absolute distortion value is very large, later stage revises difficulty, is difficult to the growth requirement meeting following mapping camera.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the above-mentioned deficiency overcoming prior art, coaxial four are provided to surpass in reverse low distorted optical system, be applicable to the spaceborne tridimensional mapping camera of high precision, high picture element, ultra-low distortion and high stability can be realized, and greatly can reduce the difficulty of processing of heavy caliber primary mirror.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved by following technical solution:
Coaxial four surpass in reverse low distorted optical system, comprise primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors, four mirrors, plane mirror and reception image planes, wherein the optical axis of primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors, four mirrors and plane mirror on the same line, plane mirror is between three mirrors and four mirrors, primary mirror and secondary mirror form classical R-C system, and form a real image, one time real image is also turned back to reception image planes place by plane mirror (5) through three mirrors, four mirror relay imagings; Primary mirror, secondary mirror and three mirrors form coaxial TMA system and bear most focal power, and less focal power born by four mirrors in optical system imaging, and the focal power born accounts for the 10-20% of total focal power; Optical system aperture diaphragm is positioned on primary mirror, and four mirrors are placed in system exit pupil position place.
Surpass in reverse in low distorted optical system above-mentioned coaxial four, the material of primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors and four mirrors is silit, devitrified glass or fused quartz.
Surpass in reverse in low distorted optical system above-mentioned coaxial four, the reflecting surface of primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors and four mirrors is coated with the metal high reflectance reflectance coating of aluminium or ag material.
Surpass in reverse in low distorted optical system above-mentioned coaxial four, receiving image planes is line array CCD or TDICCD detector receiving plane.
Surpass in reverse in low distorted optical system above-mentioned coaxial four, the quadratic term coefficient of primary mirror and three mirrors is that the quadratic term coefficient of-1.5 ~ 0, four mirrors is greater than-10.
Surpass in reverse in low distorted optical system above-mentioned coaxial four, plane mirror is between three mirrors and four mirrors, and distance four mirror 280-370mm positions.
Surpass in reverse in low distorted optical system above-mentioned coaxial four, primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors, four mirror type are non-spherical reflector, and wherein primary mirror type is similar to parabola, and four mirror type are the little aspherical degree hyperboloid with large quadratic term coefficient.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention introduces little focal power large asphericity coefficient four mirror on the basis of coaxial TMA optical system, four mirrors are positioned near system emergent pupil, by the asphericity coefficient corrective system pupil aberration of four mirrors, system is made to realize ultra-low distortion, distortion value is only 3/1000000ths, volume is about 1/2 of similar index off axis reflector system, and the coaxial four-reflecting optical system of this long-focus, ultra-low distortion is fairly obvious as High Precision Stereo mapping camera optical system advantage.
(2) in the present invention owing to have employed four pieces of coaxial non-spherical reflectors and one piece of plane mirror, mechanical-optical setup is compact, make the structural stability of system higher, moment of inertia is less, be easy to realize high-precision temperature and point to controlling, one-piece construction is compacter, very favourable for spaceborne long-focus high resolving power tridimensional mapping camera.
(3) the present invention is positioned on primary mirror due to the entrance pupil of system, four mirrors are made to be positioned at exit pupil position by light path folding, the asphericity coefficient of less four mirrors of bore is used to carry out corrective system pupil aberration, primary mirror can use paraboloidal mirror, greatly can reduce the requirement of the aspherical degree of heavy caliber primary mirror like this, reduce primary mirror difficulty of processing; Reduce the lead time of camera while greatly cost-saving.
(4) in the present invention owing to there is intermediary image, can field stop and interior light shield be set in intermediary image position, thus effectively eliminate veiling glare outside visual field, reduce the requirement of external light shield length.
(5) the present invention has carried out further optimal design to the face shape of primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors and four mirrors, structure and material, substantially increases picture element and the Iimaging Stability of optical system, and achieves the ultra-low distortion of optical system.
(6) optical system of the present invention have distortion low, mechanical-optical setup is compact, volume is little, lightweight, elements of interior orientation degree of stability advantages of higher, by the Reasonable Arrangement of multi-thread array camera, the stable mapping function of the higher proportion chi to object scene landform, landforms can be realized, be specially adapted to spaceborne High Precision Stereo mapping camera.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of optical system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the MTF curve map based on the follow-on ultra-low distortion optical system of coaxial TMA in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the optical system distortion grid figure in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
In the embodiment of the present invention, operating spectrum band is 0.5 ~ 0.9 μm, entrance pupil bore 625mm, optical system focal length 10m, full filed 1.5 °, system overall length 1158mm.
Be illustrated in figure 1 the structural drawing of optical system of the present invention, optical system of the present invention comprises as seen from the figure: primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirror 3, four mirror 4, plane mirror 5 and reception image planes 6.The optical axis of primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirror 3, four mirror 4 and plane mirror 5 on the same line, for coaxially.Primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2 form classical R-C system, and formed a real image 7, real image 7 through three mirror 3, four mirror 4 relay imagings and through plane mirror 5 turn back to receive image planes 6.Wherein plane mirror 5 position on the upper side between three mirrors 3 and four mirrors 4, and and distance between four mirrors 4 be 280-370mm, its effect is compression light path, object is the rational deployment reducing optical system structure size and realize image planes, and the present embodiment midplane catoptron 5 is 334mm apart from the distance of four mirrors 4.
Receiving image planes 6 is line array CCD or TDICCD detector receiving plane.Primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirror 3, four mirror 4 types are aspheric surface, wherein primary mirror 1 type is similar to parabola, and four 4, mirror types are the little aspherical degree hyperboloid with large quadratic term coefficient, and the material of primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirror 3, four mirror 4 is silit, or devitrified glass, or fused quartz.And the reflecting surface of primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirror 3 and four mirrors 4 is coated with the metal high reflectance reflectance coating of aluminium or ag material.
Optical system aperture diaphragm of the present invention is positioned on primary mirror 1, four mirrors 4 are placed in system exit pupil position place, primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2 and three mirrors 3 form coaxial TMA system and bear most focal power, less focal power born by four mirrors 4 in optical system imaging, and the focal power born accounts for the 10-20% of total focal power.The quadratic term coefficient of primary mirror 1 and three mirrors 3 is that the quadratic term coefficient of-1.5 ~ 0, four mirrors 4 is greater than-10.
Because asphericity coefficient is larger, its face type difficulty of processing is also larger, therefore the entrance pupil of system is placed on primary mirror 1 by the present invention, four mirrors 4 are made to be positioned on emergent pupil by light path folding, the benefit done like this utilizes the asphericity coefficient of small-bore four mirrors 4 to correct system pupil aberration, thus make primary mirror that aspheric surface quadratic term coefficient can be used to be-1 paraboloidal mirror, make optical system picture element good owing to introducing more degree of freedom of optimizing while so greatly reducing primary mirror difficulty of processing, thus realize ultra-low distortion while guarantee high imaging quality.As the MTF curve map that Fig. 2 is based on the follow-on ultra-low distortion optical system of coaxial TMA in example of the present invention, MTF curve as shown in Figure 2, can be found out, MTF curve overlaps with diffraction limit.
Primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirror 3 system overwhelming majority focal power in the embodiment of the present invention, four mirrors 4 are that focal power is very little but the aspheric surface that quadratic term coefficient is larger (its radius of curvature R=3500mm, quadratic term coefficient is-15), in the present embodiment, the quadratic term coefficient of primary mirror 1 is-1, the quadratic term coefficient of secondary mirror 2 be the quadratic term coefficient of-2, three mirrors 3 is-1.The present invention utilizes the distortion of this quadratic term coefficient correction optical system of four mirrors 4, makes whole optical system realize ultra-low distortion, and its optical system distortion grid figure as shown in Figure 3, can find out, the maximum distortion value of optical system is less than 3/1000000ths.The optical system characteristics of this ultra-low distortion is very favorable for the mapping precision improving cartographic satellite.
Optical system of the present invention have distortion low, mechanical-optical setup is compact, volume is little, lightweight, elements of interior orientation degree of stability advantages of higher, by the Reasonable Arrangement of multi-thread array camera, the stable mapping function of the higher proportion chi to object scene landform, landforms can be realized, be specially adapted to the optical system of spaceborne High Precision Stereo mapping camera.
The above; be only the embodiment of the best of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
The content be not described in detail in instructions of the present invention belongs to the known technology of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (7)
1. coaxial four surpass in reverse low distorted optical system, it is characterized in that: comprise primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (3), four mirrors (4), plane mirror (5) and reception image planes (6), wherein primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (3), the optical axis of four mirrors (4) and plane mirror (5) on the same line, plane mirror (5) is positioned between three mirrors (3) and four mirrors (4), primary mirror (1) and secondary mirror (2) form classical R-C system, and form a real image (7), a real image (7) is through three mirrors (3), four mirrors (4) relay imaging is also turned back to reception image planes (6) place by plane mirror (5), primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2) and three mirrors (3) form coaxial three mirror anastigmatic systems and bear most focal power, less focal power born by four mirrors (4) in optical system imaging, and the focal power born accounts for the 10-20% of total focal power, optical system aperture diaphragm is positioned on primary mirror (1), and four mirrors (4) are placed in optical system exit pupil position place.
2. according to claim 1 coaxial four surpass in reverse low distorted optical system, it is characterized in that: the material of described primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (3) and four mirrors (4) is silit, devitrified glass or fused quartz.
3. according to claim 1 coaxial four surpass in reverse low distorted optical system, it is characterized in that: the reflecting surface of described primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (3) and four mirrors (4) is coated with the metal high reflectance reflectance coating of aluminium or ag material.
4. according to claim 1 coaxial four surpass in reverse low distorted optical system, it is characterized in that: described reception image planes (6) are line array CCD or TDICCD detector receiving plane.
5. according to claim 1 coaxial four surpass in reverse low distorted optical system, it is characterized in that: described primary mirror (1) is-1.5 ~ 0 with the quadratic term coefficient of three mirrors (3), and the quadratic term coefficient of four mirrors (4) is greater than-10.
6. according to claim 1 coaxial four surpass in reverse low distorted optical system, it is characterized in that: described plane mirror (5) is positioned between three mirrors (3) and four mirrors (4), and distance four mirrors (4) 280-370mm position.
7. according to claim 1 coaxial four surpass in reverse low distorted optical system, it is characterized in that: described primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (3), four mirrors (4) face type are non-spherical reflector, wherein primary mirror (1) face type is similar to parabola, and four mirrors (4) face type is the little aspherical degree hyperboloid with large quadratic term coefficient.
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Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103345062B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-03-18 | 北京空间机电研究所 | High resolution stereo mapping and reconnaissance integrated camera optical system |
| CN103969815B (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Small-sized long-focus disappears, and distortion is coaxial is totally reflected space camera optical system |
| CN104735321B (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2017-08-29 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of space TDICCD remote sensors optical bi-directional scanning system |
| DE102016100478B4 (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2017-11-16 | Jena-Optronik Gmbh | Camera for a spacecraft |
| CN106644412A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 上海镭昊光电股份有限公司 | Multispectral reflection type collimator |
| CN107966804A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-04-27 | 苏州大学 | Four speculum telephotolens of compact long-focus |
| CN109283671B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-01-07 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Light small-sized large-view-field low-distortion coaxial five-mirror optical system |
| CN111367067B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Total reflection type afocal optical system |
| US11668915B2 (en) | 2019-08-11 | 2023-06-06 | Youngwan Choi | Dioptric telescope for high resolution imaging in visible and infrared bands |
| CN114616502A (en) | 2019-08-11 | 2022-06-10 | 崔荣完 | Small form factor four mirror based imaging system |
| US11579430B2 (en) | 2019-08-11 | 2023-02-14 | Youngwan Choi | Small form factor, multispectral 4-mirror based imaging systems |
| CN111123503B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2023-09-12 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Coaxial four-mirror refraction-reflection type low-distortion telescopic optical system |
| CN112596095B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-02-22 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Satellite-borne multi-probe ionosphere imager device |
| CN113568151A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-29 | 西安航空学院 | Large-caliber splicing primary mirror optical system for realizing high resolution |
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