CN102849039B - A kind of electrocar of drawer-type quick-replacing battery module - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the electrocar of a kind of fast changeable power battery module, the electrokinetic cell system of described car includes: battery outer box body, equipped with slide groove, the standard plug of output power, pilot hole, lockhole, fresh air inlet and warehouse on this battery outer box body.Described battery module includes battery internal box, thereon equipped with slideway, lockable mechanism, guide finger, the standardization socket transmitted electric power, ventilation blower, sealing member, bolster, equipped with electric elements such as power battery pack, battery management system, ventilation blowers in this battery internal box.Internal box can advance in outer case and pull out, and forms drawer type express dispatch type module.Described battery module is contained in below back axle floor and can pull back outside car, achieves the quick-replaceable of battery module under the cooperation of fast exchange device and rickshaw, has invented a kind of car.

Description

A kind of electrocar of drawer-type quick-replacing battery module

Technical field

The invention belongs to electric vehicle engineering field, more particularly, relate to the electrocar of a kind of fast changeable electrokinetic cell system integration module for traffic.

Background technology

Along with the development of society, limited petroleum resources and problem of environmental pollution become to become increasingly conspicuous, and this makes electric automobile increasingly cause the attention of society, and electric automobile has become the direction that future automobile develops.One of core technology on electric automobile is energy supplyystem.Resolve this technology and become the key problem in technology of electric vehicle industrialization development.Electric automobile useful load and power consumption are big, and general car continual mileage 150 to 200 kilometers needs to fill the electricity about electric energy 30 kilowatt hour, if it is desired to quick charge a few minutes complete, then needs the power of 300 kilowatts.If in the case of there is 10,000,000 electric motor cars quick charge simultaneously in the whole nation, it is simply that 3,000,000,000 kilowatts, nearly 4 times of suitable China present total installed capacity of electricity amount, it is seen that extreme difficulties will be brought to electrical network.Along with the increase of following electric automobile recoverable amount, electric automobile will strengthen day by day as the impact of power load.Electric automobile battery charger is a kind of non-linear equipment, is easily caused grid loss increase, apparatus overheat and life loss.Voltage distortion, power factor can be caused simultaneously to decline, affect the properly functioning of other electrical equipment in electrical network.DC charging system is a kind of non-linear power load, substantial amounts of harmonic current injection utility network is produced during ac-dc conversion, increase mains by harmonics content, utility network will be caused to pollute, electricity consumption facility environment is made to deteriorate, equipment beyond communication system and utility network is brought threat and infringement, brings to power network safety operation and other user power utilization and have a strong impact on.

A large amount of electricity consumptions of contrast electric automobile and electrical characteristics, compare the grid power situation of China, and China's electric power installation total capacity reaches 8.6 hundred million kilowatts, is only second to the U.S., becomes global second electric power big country.Even so capacity, on July 29th, 2010, whole nation daily generation creates 134.3 hundred million kilowatt hour new peaks, it is seen that peak period electricity consumption is the most nervous.And, the ratio row shared by electricity power enterprise of China thermoelectricity are the biggest.National power plants generating electricity, heat supply in anticipated 2010 produce electricity consumption of coal more than 1,700,000,000 tons.Change electricity daytime as electric motor car charges evening, reduce fired power generating unit start-stop flying shear, improve fired power generating unit system performance driving economy, reduce cost, just count effects of energy saving and emission reduction, on the contrary will waste mass energy and pollution environment.

Electrical network supply of electric power to be ensured and electricity needs balance it is necessary to adapt to the moment change of electric load in good time, and such grid company is necessary for having enough peak-frequency regulation capacity.Power consumption increases just increasing along with peak-valley difference, and the peak modulation capacity of each electrical network is the most not enough, if peak period gives electric vehicle rapid charging again, electrical network is difficult to safe operation.Have to use indirectly electric energy conversion regime to electric vehicle quick charge, though so electrical network will not be produced impact, but being belonging to electric energy two times transfer, efficiency is low, cost is high, investment is big, substantial amounts of charging station construction also can bring impact to urban construction, it is difficult to realizes.

Electric motor car power consumption is big as mentioned above and belongs to secondary energy sources, and peak period, electricity consumption was the most uneconomical.Use the storage station of conventional electric energy conversion to electric vehicle quick charge, belong to again electric energy and again change, be not optimization scheme." energy storage system of charging station is directly taken into account the power battery module of electric motor car and is only optimized selection scheme " is concluded that to this end, be not difficult.Even if Nuclear Power Development can meet peak charging, but how low ebb fills and leads up problem, the charging of electric motor car low ebb also must be leaned on to obtain regulation, balanced production, improve efficiency, reduce cost.

That is the energy supply model of electric motor car: standardization, generalization, the electrokinetic cell system module of seriation can only be leaned on to realize.Building large-scale centralized charging station at Outskirts of City, implement to change electricity and be master, be charged as auxiliary, commercialization dispensing, fixed point is sold.Building a large amount of roadside " dining room " electric motor car could " Well fed,well bred. ", " supporting alive ".

It should further be appreciated that the battery module of quick change and car body energy sharp separation, have more servicing ease.In abnormal cases, the safe handling to lithium battery is the most significant.To can realize from the point of view of electrical network peak clipping add paddy, at any time start and stop, regulate sensitive, grid-connected rapidly, improve efficiency and meet emergence power requirement.There is this case to can accept wind, the charging of the small power generation equipment such as optical, electrical, hot again, all there is positive function and significance in wide new energy development field.

In sum, the advantage that electric automobile has energy-saving and environmental protection, efficiency is high, also there is its difficult problem developed, the most inter-trade consider, overcritical preferred plan could solve the development problem of electric motor car.The present invention devises appeal electrocar for this thought, has carried out reasonability, adaptability, professional design studies in terms of the layout and vehicle performance of electric motor car, and proposes the battery system module of the standardization quick change application process on electrocar.The electrocar of a kind of quick-replaceable electrokinetic cell is provided.Ensure its coordinate 2 to 3 minutes with fast exchange device in quick-change power battery, thus supporting with electrical network facilities, solve the safe handling of lithium battery, lithium battery is afraid of cold the problem that To Be Protected from Heat, charging interval long continual mileage is short.Propose the new outlet of a wireless mobile energy for electrocar energy resource supply, the industrialized development for new-energy automobile provides technical support.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is contemplated to solve the problems referred to above and propose.

More particularly, it is an object of the invention to be designed with structure by the reasonable Arrangement of car load and coupling, it is provided that the electrocar of a kind of quick-replaceable electrokinetic cell.Ensure its coordinate 2 to 3 minutes with fast exchange device in quick-change power battery, thus supporting with electrical network facilities, solve the safe handling of lithium battery, lithium battery is afraid of cold the problem that To Be Protected from Heat, charging interval long continual mileage is short.

For solving above-mentioned technical problem, domestic and international existing technology is: set of cells be placed on a bracket, is then fixed on before and after car below bridge intermediate floor with upper and lower installation method.The method to ensure original floor level, and the battery bottom surface road clearance is the most too small.Furthermore, it is necessary to a large amount of places and underground installation, fixed point location, load and unload with keep in repair the most convenient, it is difficult to process abnormal conditions, lost efficacy such as Individual cells or short-circuit fire is difficult to process in time.

The electrokinetic cell system that significantly technology is characterized in that this electrocar that the present invention proposes has battery outer box body and battery internal box, outer case is integrally forming with automotive floor panel, internal box is built with power battery pack, the battery integration module that management system collectively constitutes, call battery module in the following text, the principle floated by spatial triaxial location locking and connector body achieves reliable delivery electric power and locking, this battery module is arranged on below electrocar back seat, between rear bumper, bumper has valve, ensure that battery module realizes the quick dispatch of drawer type from car rear portion, achieve the electrocar of battery module able to quickly change.

The standard plug that be mounted with slide rail on this battery outer box body, transmits electric power, guide pin hole, the lockpin hole etc. of lockable mechanism.Described internal box is mounted with and slide rail coupling and corresponding slideway, power transmission standard socket, guide finger, lockable mechanism and lock pin on described battery outer box body.Described internal box controls element (being referred to as battery module) built with set of cells, management system, heat management blower fan etc..

Slideway on the above battery internal box along the slide rail on described battery outer box body advance in described battery outer box body time, lock pin on the standard socket that transmits electric power thereon, guide finger, lockable mechanism realizes grafting with the standard plug that transmits electric power on described battery outer box body, guide pin hole, the pin pin-and-hole of lockable mechanism respectively, otherwise, battery internal box drawer type can be pulled out by unlocking.Owing to power battery pack is installed in battery internal box, it is achieved that the quick change of the power battery pack of electrocar.And locking and reliable delivery electric power are installed reliably, the most just achieve electrokinetic cell and the car the most off-board charging of split charging, it is achieved that concentrate charging, dispersion to change the energy resource supply pattern of set of cells.

For realizing appeal purpose, this case on entire vehicle design with traditional vehicle ratio, it is ensured that and further increase the serviceability of car.The technical program propons have employed " the anti-skidding drive axle of motor vehicle dual-motor differential ", and it is a lot of that tradition front wheel driving car zero load propons axle load is both greater than rear axle, meets empty wagons four-wheel and the most all carry after using this case.It is the longest that general car runs the time when zero load and semi-load, accounts for the 90% of total kilometrage, can bring good economy.The technical program strictly controls the mass cg position of car, and not only battery module position is relatively low, and the bi-motor in forward engine room is relatively low with decelerator unit position, and all in the symmetric position of described car longitudinally, laterally axis.To this end, the mass cg position of whole described car is in ideal position.Disclosure satisfy that and improve the turning to of electrocar, brake, the various serviceabilities such as control stability.The technical program battery integration module leaves enough spaces from sedan rear bumper danger thick stick, is combined with stronger framing structure, also can ensure the safety of battery when car collides.

For achieving the above object, the assembly that electrocar principal assembly described in this case is different from tradition car includes: electrokinetic cell system integration module, propons motor driven systems, full-vehicle control integrated system.Remaining assembly part is substantially similar with tradition car.

Preferably, the battery module described in this case can be designed to staged or rectangular configuration according to car rear overhang length, and for there being the car of sufficient space under back axle floor, this programme is the most easily implemented.The LiMn2O4 of general present domestic production and ferric phosphate lithium cell, 60 ampere-hours having and 90 ampere-hour batteries, all can install to 20 to about 30kwh.Car driving 150 to 200 km can be met, specific design is required to determine as required.

The vehicle body of this programme car is changed: the door of a drawer type battery case left by bumper, preferably can upwards raise.Originally spare tyre is changing to place elsewhere.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the layout drawing of this case car.

Fig. 2 is the rear portion of car, represents and has valve at bumper, in order to battery module advances and pull-out.

Fig. 3 represents the assembly schematic diagram that battery module is locked in outer case.

Fig. 4 represents the exploded view of battery module assembly.

Fig. 5 represents that battery module guide finger and lock pin are fixed on the state in outer case in spatial triaxial direction, and the inserting state profile of the connector plug transmitted electric power and socket.

Fig. 6 is the jack assemblies partial enlarged drawing with plug-assembly inserting state of adapter.

Fig. 7 is the profile axonometric chart of lockable mechanism.

Fig. 8 is the profile of lockable mechanism.

Detailed description of the invention

In Fig. 1: 1 bumper, 2 be floor, 3 be back axle, 4 be back seat, 5 for battery module assembly (including outer case), 6 front-row seats, 7 propons, 8 drive systems.

In Fig. 2: 9 be bumper, 10 be the valve at bumper.

Clear in Fig. 1 spare tyre and triple seat lower room is utilized to arrange electrokinetic cell integration module 5.Floor 2 and general car is so made to have had a little change.

The notable technical characteristic of this layout is that center of gravity is low, and center of gravity is in longitudinal and lateral symmetry axial location, is uniformly distributed by Y-axis linear load before and after automobile.So can realize four-wheel all to carry, its effect has good control stability, ride comfort and economy.Because general car is semi-load in the time of 90%, fuel tank is again that changing load, generally fuel-economizing all add not Full Tanks.So before tradition car, load per axle is heavier, and compared with this case, battery is constant load and is partial to rear positions, and useful load is also suitable for, and this case is arranged and achieved unloaded centrosymmetry, and four-wheel all carries, and improves the serviceability of automobile, has obvious technical advantage.

The structural principle of quick dispatch battery system is described below.Fig. 3 represents the state that electrokinetic cell system integration module assembly (including that outer case, battery module assembly, does not include that outer case is battery module) is plugged in together.Fig. 4 is battery module assembly exploded view, and the 5-1 in this figure is battery outer box body as above, and this battery outer box body front portion facade is opening, to ensure propelling and the pull-out of battery internal box.Equipped with the connector plug 5-2 transmitted electric power on it.

In figure, 5-5 is battery internal box, and its rear portion, equipped with the bonnet 5-3 of battery module, it is mounted with connector body 5-4 and the air inlet 5-3-1A transmitted electric power.Its upper forepart be mounted with battery management system 5-11, two ventilation blower 5-12A and 5-12B, air inlet 5-5-4A with 5-5-4B of ventilation blower battery internal box corresponding before on facade.Respectively being mounted with lockable mechanism 5-8A and 5-8B at facade two holding around, the hole 5-5-5 of rear facade thereon is the cable-through hole of air vent and power line.In figure, 5-6 is set of cells, and useful load is 20 to 30 kilowatt hours, it is ensured that the continual mileage of 200 kilometers, under the conditions of energy resource supply is convenient, is than useful load conveniently.In figure, 5-7 is battery internal box upper cover, is insulant for ensureing electricity this lid of safety.In figure, 5-9 is that battery case protecgulum is provided with exhaust outlet 5-9-1A Yu 5-9-1B, observation port 5-9-2, lockup state observation port 5-9-3A and 5-9-3B.In figure, 5-10 is the transparent high-strength plate on battery case protecgulum, is contained on internal box and the parts of the inside have highly integrated feature, for referred to herein as battery integration module (abbreviation battery module).

Fig. 5 is the state diagram in battery module advances outer case, before and after this figure, has carried out broken section.In order to the locking process of battery module to be described: have slideway 5-5-1A and 5-5-1B outside the left and right facade of the battery internal box 5-5 in Fig. 4, described slideway can make battery internal box 5-5 advance and pull-out along slide groove 5-1-1A Yu 5-1-1B inside battery outer box body about 5-1 facade.The most visible: for ensureing that the connector plug 5-2 transmitted electric power can inject in connector body 5-4 smoothly, devise guide finger 5-5-2A and 5-5-2B on the rear facade of the most visible battery internal box, the rear facade of corresponding battery outer box body 5-1 has guide pin hole 5-1-2A and 5-1-2B.Left and right, the front end facade of battery outer box body 5-1 has lockpin hole 5-1-3A and 5-1-3B of lockable mechanism, corresponding lockable mechanism 5-8A Yu 5-8B has lock pin 5-8-1A and 5-8-1B respectively.The rear facade of battery outer box body 5-1 is mounted with the connector plug 5-2 transmitted electric power, the bonnet 5-3 on the rear facade of corresponding battery internal box 5-5 is mounted with the connector body 5-4 transmitted electric power.So, during battery internal box 5-5 advances battery outer box body 5-1, the parts of above-described correspondence the most mutually inject, and such as the inserting state in Fig. 5, the method can be described as space four finger setting, implement the three axle location of space X, Y, Z.

The work process of lockable mechanism is described below: the lockable mechanism of this case uses inclined plane principle to make lock pin move the method unblanked.When internal box stress advances outer case, lock pin 5-8-1A in Fig. 5 and 5-8-1B front end cylindrical are under the counteracting force of inclined-plane 5-5-3A Yu 5-5-3B before lockpin hole, just realize grafting when promoting lock pin 5-8-1A and 5-8-1B compression spring 5-8-2A and 5-8-2B to lockpin hole position, complete locking.

The process unblanked is: Fig. 8 is the outline drawing of locking mechanism assembly, Fig. 7 is profile, in figure 5-8-1 be lock pin 5-8-2 be lock pin return spring, 5-8-3 is lockup state observation port baffle plate, retroreflective sheeting 5-8-4 is posted on it, 5-8-5 is lockup state observation port baffle plate clamp nut, 5-8-6 is the location nut of return spring, 5-8-7 is times mother of the location nut of return spring, 5-8-8 is lock body, 5-8-9 is lock bonnet, 5-8-10 is the axis of guide, 5-8-11 is inclined-plane pull bar return spring, 5-8-12 is inclined-plane pull bar, 5-8-13 is handle, 5-8-14 is handle fastening bolt, 5-8-15 is the roller on lock pin, 5-8-16 is the axle of lock pin upper roller.The 5-8-13 that shakes hands in figure ins succession inclined-plane pull bar 5-8-12, figure is designed with inclined-plane on clearly visible 5-8-12 inclined-plane pull bar, when pulling handle 5-8-13, slope driving roller 5-8-15 moves, roller 5-8-15 band pendulum lock pin 5-8-1 compression spring 5-8-2 moves to direction of unblanking, and makes lock pin 5-8-1 realize unlocking when departing from lockpin hole 5-1-3.This way simple in construction, volume is little, and intensity is reliable.

It is emphasized that a bit; during battery internal box 5-5 advances battery outer box body 5-1 in Figure 5; must also there is shockproof structure: when battery internal box advances battery outer box body; internal box back end design has cushion rubber bumper 5-13A and 5-13B; when this rubber cushion is compressed to certain pretightning force by internal box; lock pin 5-8-1A and 5-8-1B just injects in lockpin hole 5-1-3A Yu 5-1-3B, and the pretightning force that this rubber cushion is implemented has protective effect to the shock impacts of battery.

Illustrate that below against Fig. 6 the grafting process of plug 5-2 and jack 5-4: Fig. 6 is the assembling figure of connector plug 5-2 and connector body 5-4.This structure this case is no longer described in detail, and this case is only illustrated the shockproof structure increased.In figure: plug 5-2 be battery outer box body be rigidly connected with vehicle, it is active link that battery internal box 5-5 is contained in battery outer box body 5-1.To this end, due to foozle gap to be had, the outer case relative vibration to be had in battery when automobile vibration.For preventing plug counterpart receptacle from being affected by shaking.Fig. 6 placed in the multi pack hole of gripper shoe 5-4-2 of socket 5-4 elastic centering circle 5-4-1A and 5-4-1B.Described elastic centering Quan Kong center placed stationary steel bushing 5-4-4A and 5-4-4B, and when bolt 5-4-3A with 5-4-3B fastens, gripper shoe 5-4-2 keeps not being clamped.It is understood that, owing to elastic centering circle can be compressed, during plug 5-2 has been inserted into socket 5-4, plug 5-2 can drive gripper shoe 5-4-2 of plug 5-4 to do movement by plug guide finger 5-2-1A Yu 5-2-1B, and between plug 5-2 and socket 5-4, there is no relative movement, serve antihunt action.

Slideway structure is described below: fairly simple in the structure of example slideway 5-5-1A with 5-5-1B that in Fig. 4, this case provides, other structures preferably can made, can make the groove etc. of other shapes into as slip is made into roll class or rectangular channel.As long as but ensure the power battery module requirement that can pull out smoothly and advance, meet shockproof and bearing requirements just.Structure is no longer enumerated in this case at this.

Explanation aeration structure part below: the left and right during the technical program takes two figures of centrifugal fan 5-12 in Fig. 4 has added A and B letter.Fresh air inlet 5-1-4A with 5-1-4B at battery outer box body rear portion can be connected with cleaner air channel.Wind is side air inlet mouth 5-3-1A and 5-3-1B by hole 5-1-4A Yu 5-1-4B to battery internal box bonnet 5-3, battery internal box is entered into again by the square hole 5-5-5 of facade after battery internal box, battery internal box get rid of wind passage be by anterior blower fan fresh air inlet 5-5-4A Yu 5-5-4B entrance blower fan 5-12A Yu 5-12B of battery internal box after, this blower pressure is higher to be discharged to wind in protecgulum 5-9, by 5-9-1A Yu 5-9-1B, wind is discharged to the outside of the battery case of afterbody after electrocar.

As mentioned above guide finger and lock pin can realize four finger settings, obtain locking location at space X, Y, Z tri-on direction of principal axis.In the case of vehicle abnormality, power battery module also will not throw away outside car.Ensure that the plug of adapter and the autopatching of jack, socket opposing plug floating connection simultaneously, there is shockproof properties, can safe transmitting electric power.

Unlock smoothly under artificial and mechanical cooperation as mentioned above and be easily achieved quick dispatch.Described power battery module can be installed relevant sealing, insulate, buffer, the part such as shockproof, these contents are readily understood by and realize, and are no longer discussed in detail for this this case.

As mentioned above this case solves the loading of electrocar electrokinetic cell system integration module, locking location, unlocks the technical problems such as quick-release, shockproof, ventilation, power transmission.Meanwhile, the four-wheel uniform load that solves car on vehicle performance, the longitudinal direction solving center of gravity with lateral symmetry with dip, improve behaviour from stability, comfortableness with economical.

This case achieves the electrocar of fast changeable battery as mentioned above, creates condition in terms of car itself obtains the energy.Can realize split charging, charging, commercialization dispensing are concentrated in power station.Industrialization to electric automobile has certain positive effect and effect.

The present invention is illustrated by above embodiment, it is understood, however, that the purpose that this case here comprises these particular example and embodiment is to help those of skill in the art to put into practice the present invention.Any those of skill in the art are easy to be further improved without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and perfect, therefore the present invention is only limited by content and the scope of the claims in the present invention, and its intention contains the alternative in all spirit and scope of the invention being included in and being defined by the appended claims and equivalent.

Although the present invention being described in detail already in connection with accompanying drawing above, but those skilled in the art it is to be appreciated that described above is only that the signal to detailed description of the invention illustrates, when implementing the design of concrete electrocar, the integration module shape of its electrokinetic cell and the layout of position and car load miscellaneous equipment are still determined on a case-by-case basis.

Claims (1)

1. the electrocar of a drawer-type quick-replacing battery module, it is characterised in that the power of this electrocar Battery system has battery outer box body and battery internal box, and outer case is integrally forming with automotive floor panel, in internal box Equipped with power battery pack, the battery integration module (calling battery module in the following text) that management system collectively constitutes, pass through Spatial triaxial location locking achieves reliable delivery electric power and locking with the electric connector of floating, this battery module Being arranged on below electrocar back seat floor, between rear bumper, bumper has valve, Ensure that battery module realizes the quick dispatch of drawer type from car rear portion, it is achieved that a kind of fast changeable battery The electrocar of module；

Described battery outer box body and floor are combined into the entirety sealed, and are mounted with in described outer case Slide rail, the electrical connector plug assembly transmitted electric power, guide pin hole, the lockpin hole parts of lockable mechanism；Institute Stating guide pin hole to be positioned on the rear facade of described outer case, described lockpin hole is positioned at about described outer case front end Facade, described in the electrical connector plug assembly that transmits electric power be positioned at the rear facade of described outer case, case in battery Be mounted with on body the slideway corresponding with on described battery outer box body, the standard socket transmitted electric power, guide finger, Lockable mechanism, lock pin；Described guide finger is positioned at and the rear facade of described outer case guide pin hole correspondence position On, described lock pin is positioned at described internal box and described lockpin hole correspondence position, described in the standard that transmits electric power insert Seat be positioned at described in the correspondence position of electrical connector plug assembly that transmits electric power；Described lockable mechanism include lock pin, Lock pin return spring, the location nut of return spring, return spring location nut times is female, after lock body, lock Lid, the axis of guide, inclined-plane pull bar return spring, inclined-plane pull bar, shake hands, fastening bolt of shaking hands, lock pin rolling Wheel；Described lockable mechanism uses inclined plane principle carry out locking or unblank；Described battery module is along outside battery When slide rail on casing advances in battery outer box body, standard socket that it transmits electric power, guide finger, locking Lock pin in mechanism, respectively with described battery outer box body on transmit electric power standard plug, guide pin hole, lock The lockpin hole of locking mechanism, corresponding realizes grafting, it is achieved that described battery module is in described battery outer box body Installation fix, otherwise i.e. can be with quick release and dismounting.