CN102804716A - Communication system, switching hub, and router - Google Patents
Communication system, switching hub, and router Download PDFInfo
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- CN102804716A CN102804716A CN2011800142863A CN201180014286A CN102804716A CN 102804716 A CN102804716 A CN 102804716A CN 2011800142863 A CN2011800142863 A CN 2011800142863A CN 201180014286 A CN201180014286 A CN 201180014286A CN 102804716 A CN102804716 A CN 102804716A
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/16—Multipoint routing
Abstract
The disclosed communication system prevents the generation of unnecessary data streams while minimizing the power consumption of a switching hub. Said switching hub (50) executes the following processes: a process which determines whether or not a packet received from downstream is an IGMP packet, based only on the header of that packet, and if so, sends a router (60) a port identifier for the port on which that packet was received; and a process which opens or closes the downstream port in accordance with an instruction from the router (60). Meanwhile, when the router (60) receives the aforementioned port identifier, the router executes a process which determines whether or not the packet relayed by the switching hub that sent said port identifier is an IGMP join message, by referring to the payload of said packet, and in accordance with the result of said determination, instructs the switching hub to open or close said port.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of relaying technique of data, especially, relate to a kind of relaying technique of data of multicast transmission.
Background technology
As an example of the relay that when making up communication system, uses, can enumerate router and switch hub.So-called router; Be the relay that carries out the connection till the 1st layer (physical layer) to the 3rd layer (network layer) of OSI Reference Model, play the effect of carrying out the transmission/reception of data via IP such as the Internet (Internet Protocol) net and other routers.On the other hand, so-called switch hub is meant the relay that carries out from the 1st layer of connection till the 2nd layer (data link layer), plays to be contained in the effect in the communication network with being positioned at the terminal communication terminal of data communication (for example, personal computer etc.).Here, what is called is carried out the connection of n layer, is meant the communication protocol according to the n layer, carries out the control of passing on of data.
For example; At the 2nd layer data set is in the head of frame; Transmission source address and transmission destination address as this frame; Writing the transmission source of this frame and the hardware address of transmission target communication device (relay or communication terminal) is MAC (Media Access Control) address, and in its pay(useful) load portion, the data set that writes the 3rd layer is a packet.And in the head of packet, as the transmission source address and the transmission destination address of this packet, writing and being useful on the mailing address of in the 3rd layer, discerning its transmission source and sending target is the IP address.In router and switch hub, be based on the transmission destination address that is write in the head of the data set that receives, carry out the control of passing on of this data set.Below, with reference to Fig. 8, the control of passing on of data set that router and switch hub carry out is described.
Fig. 8 is the figure of an example that expression comprises the communication system of router and switch hub.In communication system shown in Figure 8, carry out data from dispensing device 10 to receiving system 40-k (k=1～4) and send.In addition, in Fig. 8, omit detailed diagram, but between router two 0 and dispensing device 10, had the IP network that is connected with router two 0 and other routers that this IP network is connected with dispensing device 10.On router two 0, be connected with switch hub 30, on switch hub 30, be connected with the communication terminal that is used to receive the data of sending from dispensing device 10 (receiving system 40-1～40-4).
To comprise from dispensing device 10 be the frame (pay(useful) load portion, writing the frame of this packet) of the packet that sends of target with receiving system 40-1 if the router two of Fig. 80 receives; Then with reference to the head of this packet; Send under the situation of target ip address for the IP address of the communication terminal of having distributed to this device subordinate at it, this frame is passed on to switch hub 30.On the contrary, the packet that in the frame that receives, is comprised is not to send under subordinate's the situation of packet of communication terminal, and router two 0 passes on this frame according to the memory contents of routing table to other routers.
The switch hub 30 of Fig. 8 has a plurality of ports that are connected with other communicators (router, other switch hubs, communication terminal) separately, carries out related respectively with above-mentioned a plurality of ports and stores the MAC Address of the linking objective communicator of this port.And if switch hub 30 receives frame via certain port, the transmission destination-mac address that is then write in the head with reference to this frame is exported this frame to sending the destination-mac address corresponding port with this.In addition; Below; In a plurality of ports that switch hub had; The port that will be connected with router (perhaps, the port that is connected with router via other switch hubs) is called " upstream side port ", and other ports (port for being connected with receiving system 40-k in Fig. 8) are called " downstream port ".
As noted above, switch hub carries out the control of passing on of frame based on the transmission destination-mac address of the MAC Address that is associated with each port with the frame that receives.Therefore, under the situation of the frame that receives the packet that comprises the ip multicast transmission from upstream side, exist the downstream that makes this switch hub to produce useless problems such as data flow.Its reason is following.As ip multicast, be meant to be not that target is sent packet, but be the mode of target transmission packet with the group (multi-broadcast group) of having stated the communication terminal that receives this packet with the particular communication terminal.In ip multicast, the transmission destination address of packet becomes the IP address of distributing to multi-broadcast group.Identical ground, for the frame that comprises the packet that ip multicast transmits, it sends the MAC Address that destination-mac address neither the particular communication terminal, and the multicast MAC Address that uses the IP address according to multi-broadcast group to generate.
Because the multicast MAC Address is to generate according to the IP address of multi-broadcast group, so and the MAC Address that is associated with each port of switch hub all inconsistent.As noted above, under the situation of the frame that receives all inconsistent transmission destination-mac address of MAC Address that has and be associated with each port, in switch hub, execution is sent processing (flooding) from this frame to all downstream ports.For example; In communication system shown in Figure 8; Dispensing device 10 is that target is sent packet with certain multi-broadcast group; Even participated under the situation of this multi-broadcast group, owing in switch hub 30, flood, so also passing on to the frame of receiving system 40-2～40-4 packet that to comprise with above-mentioned multi-broadcast group be target at receiving system 40-1 only.Because receiving system 40-2～40-4 does not participate in multi-broadcast group, must form useless data flow so carry out passing on of this frame to them.Under the situation of the frame that receives the packet that comprises the ip multicast transmission, the reason that can produce useless data flow in the downstream of switch hub just be this.
In the prior art, proposed the various technology that are used to avoid this problem generation,, can enumerate IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) and intercept as one of them example.Here, as IGMP, be to be used to one of communication protocol that realizes multi-casting communication, be the communication protocol that is used for making to router the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group from communication terminal.If make the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group from subordinate's communication terminal according to IGMP; Then router carries out following processing; That is, storage representation in subordinate's equipment of this device, exist this situation of communication terminal of participating in multi-broadcast group information (below, be called management participation and handle.In addition,, be called participations/out of control processing with combined according to this information processing of disengaging notice deletion that breaks away from from multi-broadcast group), then, begin with from upstream side with this multi-broadcast group be the packet that sends of target downstream side pass on.It is the meaning of " trying to find out " that what is called is intercepted; Switch hub with IGMP snooping function; Pay(useful) load portion with reference to the packet that is comprised in the frame that receives through the downstream port; If this packet is the packet (IGMPJoin) that is used for making to router the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group, the identifier (for example, multicast MAC Address: below be called the multi-broadcast group identifier) that then will represent this multi-broadcast group is associated with this port and stores.And, passing on from upstream side under the transmission destination-mac address of the frame that the comes situation consistent with above-mentioned multi-broadcast group identifier, only to association this frame of downstream port transmission of this multi-broadcast group identifier, to other this frames of downstream ports transmission.Thus, avoid the generation of hash stream.In addition, as the prior art document relevant, can enumerate patent documentation 1 with switch hub with IGMP snooping function.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2007-288544 communique
Summary of the invention
In addition,, owing to improve, the consumes electric power of electronic equipment is suppressed for to become big problem with the corresponding bottom line value of its function this point for the consciousness of environmental problem in recent years, sometimes through so-called conserve energy method etc. with the mode limit consumption electric power of making laws.For communicators such as switch hubs, also not outside this trend (with reference to " エ ネ Le ギ one uses rationalization に Seki The Ru law to implement and makes the 21st particular machine " (Japan)).As noted above; In order not produce useless data flow, the IGMP snooping function need be installed on switch hub, but under the situation that the IGMP snooping function is installed; Compare with the situation that this function is not installed need be higher disposal ability, consumes electric power is risen.
The present invention proposes in view of above-mentioned problem, and its purpose is, provides a kind of and can in the power consumption in suppressing switch hub, not produce the technology of useless data flow.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem; The present invention provides a kind of communication system; It comprises: 1 or many switch hubs; It has a plurality of downstreams port and the upstream side port that is connected with the communicator of upstream side of the communicator that connects the downstream separately, based on the transmission destination address of the frame that receives via each port, carries out the control of passing on of this frame; And router; It is positioned at said 1 or the upper reaches of many switch hubs; This communication system constitutes; Said 1 or many switch hubs respectively to said a plurality of downstreams port; With reference to the head of the packet that comprises in the frame that receives through this downstream port, whether be to judge to this packet according to the packet that the communication protocol of the regulation that is used to realize multi-casting communication is sent, be under the situation of the packet that sends according to this communication protocol being judged to be; The port identifiers that execution will be represented this downstream port is handled and is handled according to the 2nd of the switching of carrying out the downstream port from the indication of said router to the 1st of said router advertisement; Said router by said 1 or many switch hubs in a certain the situation of notifying port identifiers under, with reference to through as the switch hub of its notification source pay(useful) load portion, whether be that the packet that is used for making according to said communication protocol the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group is judged to this packet to the packet of this router relaying; Being judged to be is to be used to make under the situation of packet of the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group; Switch hub to the notification source of this port identifiers sends following indication, that is, only that this port identifiers is represented downstream port is opened to this multi-broadcast group.
In existing switch hub with IGMP snooping function, carry out following processing, promptly; The pay(useful) load portion of comparable data bag; To whether being that IGMPJoin judges, but in the switch hub that in this communication system, comprises, then be the head of comparable data bag.The processing of the head of comparable data bag is compared with the processing of the pay(useful) load portion of comparable data bag, and it is lower to handle load.Therefore, the switch hub that comprises in the above-mentioned communication system adopts disposal ability to get final product than the low switch hub of existing switch hub with IGMP function, can suppress its consumes electric power.In addition, whether the pay(useful) load portion of comparable data bag is undertaken by router being the processing that IGMPJoin judges, router sends the indication that the downstream port opens and closes according to this result of determination to switch hub.In switch hub,, therefore, can not produce useless data flow in the downstream of switch hub according to carrying out the switching of downstream port from the indication of router.
In addition, in order to solve above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a kind of switch hub; It constitutes; Have upstream side port and a plurality of downstreams port, this upstream side port be used for via 1 or a plurality of other switch hubs and and router between, perhaps not via other switch hubs and router between; Frame is sent/receives; This downstream port be used for and the communicator in downstream between frame is sent/receives, this switch hub carries out the control of passing on of this frame based on the transmission destination address of the frame that receives via each port; This switch hub has: notification unit; Whether it is to said a plurality of downstreams port, respectively with reference to the head of the packet that comprises in the frame that receives via this downstream port, be to judge according to the packet that the communication protocol of the regulation that is used to realize multi-casting communication is sent to this packet; Being judged to be is under the situation of the packet that sends according to the communication protocol of said regulation, with the port identifiers of this downstream port of expression to said router advertisement; And port open and close controlling unit, it is according to carrying out the switching of downstream port from the indication of said router.In addition, in other modes of the present invention, considering provides a kind of computer that makes as the acting program of above-mentioned notification unit and port open and close controlling unit.
In addition; In order to solve above-mentioned problem; The present invention provides a kind of router, and it constitutes, will via 1 or the packet that receives of many switch hubs pass on to other routers; On the other hand; The packet that will receive from these other routers via said 1 or many switch hubs pass on to its destination address, this router has: identifying unit, its from said 1 or many switch hubs a certain receive following notice; Promptly; Whether expression receives in order to realize multi-casting communication this situation of packet that communication protocol according to the rules sends and is used to inform that expression receives under the situation of notice of port identifiers of port of this packet, with reference to the pay(useful) load portion of this packet, be to judge in order to make the packet that the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group sends according to the communication protocol of said regulation to this router to this packet; And port opens and closes indicating member; It is to be used to make under the situation of packet of the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group being judged to be through said identifying unit; Switch hub to the notice of having carried out said port identifiers sends following indication; That is, only that this port identifiers is represented port is opened to this multi-broadcast group.In addition, in other modes of the present invention, consider to provide a kind of computer that makes to open and close the acting program of indicating member as above-mentioned identifying unit and port.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure of structure example of the communication system 1A of expression the 1st execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the structure example of the switch hub 50 that comprises among expression this communication system 1A.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the flow process of the performed IGMP packet determination processing of switching engine (switching engine) portion 520 of this switch hub 50 of expression.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the structure example of the router 60 that comprises among expression this communication system 1A.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the flow process of the performed switch hub control and treatment of the routing engine portion 620 of this router 60 of expression.
Fig. 6 A is the figure of the communication system 1B of expression the 2nd execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 6 B is the figure of the communication system 1C of expression the 2nd execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the figure of advice method that is used to explain the port identifiers of variation (1).
Fig. 8 is the figure that is used to explain the function of router and switch hub.
The explanation of symbol
1A, 1B, 1C ... Communication system, 10 ... Dispensing device, 20,60 ... Router; 30,50 ... Switch hub, 40-k (k=1～4) ... Receiving system, 510,610 ... Communication I/F portion; 512U, 512D-k (k=1～4), 612U, 612D ... Port, 520 ... Switching engine portion, 620 ... Routing engine portion; 530,630 ... Storage part, 540 ... Control part.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, execution mode of the present invention is described.
(A: the 1st execution mode)
(A-1: structure)
Fig. 1 is the figure of structure example of the communication system 1A of expression the 1st execution mode of the present invention.In Fig. 1, for Fig. 8 in the identical inscape of key element, mark identical label.If Fig. 1 and Fig. 8 are compared then can know that clearly this communication system 1A is provided with router 60 this point and is provided with on switch hub 50 this point with replacing switch hub 30 replacing router two 0, different with communication system shown in Figure 8.In this communication system 1A; Even certain 1 reception at receiving system 40-k (k=1～4) is that target is under the situation of the packet of dispensing device 10 transmissions with certain multi-broadcast group; Also make router 60 and switch hub 50 obviously represent the processing of the characteristic of this execution mode; Through making both coordinations, thereby do not produce useless data flow in the downstream of switch hub 50 (that is, between switch hub 50 and other receiving systems 40-k).Below, be that the center describes with the switch hub 50 and the router 60 of the characteristic of remarkable this execution mode of representative.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the structure of expression switch hub 50.As shown in Figure 2, switch hub 50 has communication interface (below be called I/F) portion 510, switching engine portion 520, storage part 530 and control part 540.Control part 540 is CPU (Central Processing Unit) for example, according to the firmware that is stored in the storage part 530, concentrates the action control of carrying out each several part.Processing for control part 540 is carried out according to this firmware specifies in the back.
Communication I/F portion 510 be and other communicators between carry out transmission/receptions of frame interface, have a plurality of ports (being port 512U and these 5 ports of 512D-1～512D-4) that connect each other communicators in Fig. 2.In this execution mode, via above-mentioned a plurality of ports respectively and its linking objective communicator between carry out the transmission/reception of frame.The port 512U of Fig. 2 is the upstream side port that is connected with router 60, and port 512D-k (k=1～4) is the downstream port that is connected with receiving system 40-k respectively.Be assigned the port identifiers of discerning each port uniquely in advance respectively to above-mentioned a plurality of ports.In this execution mode, distribute port numbering " 0 " to port 512U, distribute port numbering " k " to port 512D-k (k=1～4), these port numberings play the effect of port identifiers.
For storage part 530, in Fig. 2, omitted detailed diagram, but comprised for example RAM volatile memory such as (Random Access Memory) and EPROM nonvolatile memories such as (Erasable Programmable ROM).Above-mentioned firmware stores is in nonvolatile memory, and the above-mentioned frame of storage passes on control table in volatile memory.In addition, the working storage of this volatile memory Be Controlled portion 540 when carrying out above-mentioned firmware, and play the effect of the buffer memory of interim storage frame when above-mentioned frame passes on control.
In the frame of Fig. 2 passes on control table, be associated with the port identifiers of each port and login the MAC Address of the communicator that is connected with this port.In addition, for the login of MAC Address that in frame passes on control table, carries out and port identifiers, adopt well-known method to get final product.In addition, in this frame passes on control table, participated under the situation of multi-broadcast group, be associated with the port identifiers of this port and login the multi-broadcast group identifier of this multi-broadcast group at the linking objective communicator of above-mentioned each port.Switching engine portion 520 at the frame that receives from communication I/F portion 510 for being under the situation of frame of target with the multi-broadcast group; Only login represented this frame of port output of port identifiers frame passes on control table, avoid the generation of hash stream thus from being associated with the multi-broadcast group identifier of this multi-broadcast group.
As noted above; Be associated and the action of login multi-broadcast group identifier in frame passes on control table with port identifiers; Mean that making with this multi-broadcast group is that the frame of target can pass through the represented port of this port identifiers, therefore, is called " to the multi-broadcast group open port ".On the contrary,, perhaps, do not carry out the action of above-mentioned login, be called as " to the multi-broadcast group close port " the action of the group deletion of logining port identifiers and multi-broadcast group identifier in frame passes on control table interrelatedly.Detailed content is recorded and narrated in the back, is that control part 540 is according to carrying out from the indication of router 60 but the port open and close controlling of open (the perhaps closing) port of multi-broadcast group is handled.Port for from router 60 opens and closes indication, also uses the frame (port opens and closes the indication frame) of the special use of redetermination.
It more than is the structure of switch hub 50.
Below, with reference to Fig. 4, the structure of router 60 is described.Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the structure of expression router 60.As shown in Figure 4, router 60 has communication I/F portion 610, routing engine portion 620 and storage part 630.The communication I/F portion 510 identical ground of communication I/F portion 610 and Fig. 2 have a plurality of ports (being port 612U and these 2 ports of 612D) in Fig. 4.The port 612U of Fig. 4 is the upstream side port that is connected with IP network (omitting diagram), and port 612D is the downstream port that is connected with switch hub 50.In addition, the communication I/F portion 610 of this execution mode only has 1 downstream port, but can certainly have a plurality of downstreams port.
And, the CPU of the routing engine portion 620 of this execution mode, carry out above-mentioned packet pass on control and treatment and handle with respect to the participation of multi-broadcast group/out of control before, according to above-mentioned firmware, carry out switch hub control and treatment shown in Figure 5.Record and narrate in the back for detailed content; But in this switch hub control and treatment; At first, whether the frame that transmits from communication I/F portion 610 is judged for the port identifiers notification frame, and; Whether the packet that is comprised in other frames that the transmission source (that is, switch hub 50) from this port identifiers notification frame is received is to be used for notice to participate in the packet of multi-broadcast group (perhaps breaking away from from multi-broadcast group) and judge.Then, under the situation that satisfies above-mentioned important document fully, routing engine portion 620 opens and closes the transmission source that the indication frame sends it back above-mentioned port identifiers notification frame with above-mentioned port.That is, work as following unit according to the routing engine portion 620 that above-mentioned firmware moves, that is: identifying unit, its carry out above-mentioned each judge; And port switching indicating member, it opens and closes the transmission source that the indication frame sends it back above-mentioned port identifiers notification frame with port, and the switching of downstream port is indicated.Open and close in the head of indication frame at this port, write the MAC Address of transmission source (that is, router 60) and transmission target (that is, switch hub 50) and represented that this frame is the classification information that port opens and closes the indication frame.In addition, in the pay(useful) load portion of port switching indication frame, write: multi-broadcast group identifier, its expression have been made the multi-broadcast group of the notice of participation (perhaps breaking away from) through above-mentioned IGMP packet; Should open the port identifiers (that is the port identifiers of, notifying) of the port of (perhaps closing) with respect to this multi-broadcast group through above-mentioned port identifiers notification frame; And designator, it is indicated this open-ended is still closed.
It more than is the structure of router 60.
(A-2: action)
Below, in communication system 1A shown in Figure 1, receiving the data conditions that transmits from dispensing device 10 multicasts with receiving system 40-1 is example, and switch hub 50 and router 60 performed actions are described.
The user of receiving system 40-1 receives in expectation under the data conditions that transmits from dispensing device 10 multicasts, at first, receiving system 40-1 is indicated the operation of participating in this multi-broadcast group.If carry out this operation, then the control part of receiving system 40-1 (omit diagram) generate be used to notify participate in above-mentioned multi-broadcast group the IGMP packet (that is, IGMPJoin).The IGMP packet that generates like this, the data set that in receiving system 40-1, is written into the 2nd layer is in the pay(useful) load portion of frame, is that target is sent with router 60.In the head of this frame, write the MAC Address of receiving system 40-1 as its transmission source MAC, write the MAC Address of router 60 as its transmission destination-mac address.
The frame that sends from receiving system 40-1 is like this imported to switching engine portion 520 via the port (being port 512D-1 in this action example) that connects this receiving system 40-1 in switch hub 50.As noted above, switching engine portion 520 is receiving via the downstream port under the situation of frame, carries out IGMP packet discriminating processing shown in Figure 3, then, carries out frame based on its destination address and passes on control.In addition, receiving via the upstream side port under the situation of frame, switching engine portion 520 does not carry out IGMP packet discriminating processing, passes on control but carry out frame based on its destination address.In this action example, because switch hub 50 is via as the port 512D-1 of downstream port and received frame, so before frame passes on control, the IGMP packet discriminating processing of execution graph 3.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the flow process of the performed IGMP packet discriminating processing of the switching engine portion 520 of expression switch hub 50.As shown in Figure 3, whether the head of the packet that writes in the pay(useful) load portion with reference to the frame that receives via the downstream port of switching engine portion 520 judges (step SA100) for the IGMP packet to this packet.Whether specifically, the head of the packet that writes in the pay(useful) load portion of switching engine portion 520 with the frame that receives is read, be that the protocol class of representing IGMP is judged to the protocol class of in this head, recording and narrating.Under the situation of this protocol identifier for the protocol identifier of expression IGMP, the result of determination of step SA100 becomes " being ", and under the situation of protocol identifier that is other agreements of expression, the result of determination of step SA100 becomes " denying ".In addition; Switching engine portion 520 is under the situation of " being " in the result of determination of step SA100 only; Generation is used for port identifiers notification frame that the port identifiers of the downstream port that receives the IGMP packet is notified, and sends (step SA110) to router 60.
As noted above, in this action example, from receiving system 40-1 to the pay(useful) load portion of the frame that switch hub 50 sends, write IGMP packet (specifically being IGMPJoin).Therefore; The result of determination of above-mentioned steps SA100 becomes " being ", is sent in the port identifiers notification frame of the port identifiers (port identifiers of port 512D-1) that writes the port that receives this frame the pay(useful) load portion from switch hub 50 to router 60.In addition, also be independent of this port identifiers notification frame, will pass on to router 60 from the frame (frame that comprises the IGMP packet) that receiving system 40-1 receives in addition.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the flow process of the performed switch hub control and treatment of the routing engine portion 620 of expression router 60.As shown in Figure 5, if routing engine portion 620 receives frame via downstream port (port 612D), then at first, whether the classification information that writes in the head with reference to this frame judges (step SB100) for the port identifiers notification frame to this frame.Then, routing engine portion 620 is under the situation of " being " in the result of determination of step SB 100 only, the processing that execution in step SB110 is later.In this action example, owing at first send the port identifiers notification frame from switch hub 50, so the result of determination of step SB100 becomes " being ", the processing that execution in step SB110 is later.
The processing of step SB110 is, whether other frames that the transmission source from the port identifiers notification frame is received are to comprise to be used for notice and to participate in the processing that the frame of the IGMP packet of multi-broadcast group (perhaps breaking away from from multi-broadcast group) is judged.Here; Whether the packet that comprises other frames that receive for the transmission source from the port identifiers notification frame is to be used for the judgement that notice is participated in the IGMP packet of multi-broadcast group (perhaps breaking away from from multi-broadcast group); As long as identical, get final product with reference to the pay(useful) load portion of the packet that comprises in this frame with the situation in the existing IGMP snooping.
And; Result of determination at step SB110 is under the situation of " being "; Routing engine portion 620 is corresponding with the content of above-mentioned IGMP packet and generate the port be used to indicate the downstream port to open and close and open and close the indication frame, and is that target is sent (step SB120) with the transmission source of above-mentioned port identifiers notification frame.For example; The packet that other frames that the transmission source from the port identifiers notification frame receives, is comprised does; Be used to notify under the situation of the IGMP packet (IGMPJoin) of participating in multi-broadcast group; Routing engine portion 620 generates and sends following port and opens and closes the indication frame, and this frame only is used to indicate and will be opened to this multi-broadcast group by the represented port of port identifiers of above-mentioned port identifiers notification frame notice.On the other hand; Be to be used to notify under the situation of the IGMP packet that breaks away from from multi-broadcast group; Routing engine portion 620 generates and sends following port and opens and closes the indication frame; This frame is used to indicate and will be closed with respect to the multi-broadcast group of having notified this disengaging by the represented port of port identifiers of above-mentioned port identifiers notification frame notice.
In this action example, because the packet that sends from receiving system 40-1 via switch hub 50 is IGMPJoin, so the result of determination of step SB110 becomes " being ", the processing of execution in step SB120.Promptly; In this action example; Send following port from router 60 to switch hub 50 and open and close the indication frame, this frame is used for indication and only the port of port numbering " 1 " is opened (in other words, with other downstream port shutdowns) to the multi-broadcast group of utilizing above-mentioned IGMPJoin to carry out the participation notice.
If the control part 540 of switch hub 50 receives port via communication I/F portion 510 and switching engine portion 520 and opens and closes the indication frame,, carry out the switching (that is, frame pass on the renewal of memory contents of control table) of downstream port then according to the content of this frame.Its result, in 4 ports in the downstream of switch hub 50, only the port of port numbering " 1 " (that is, port 512D-1) is opened to above-mentioned multi-broadcast group, and other downstream port shutdowns.Therefore; Is that target is sent packet from dispensing device 10 beginnings with above-mentioned multi-broadcast group; Even this packet is passed on to switch hub 50 from router 60, this packet is not passed on to receiving system 40-2,40-3 and 40-4 yet, can not produce useless data flow.
It more than is the action of this execution mode.
In existing switch hub with IGMP snooping function; Carry out the pay(useful) load portion of comparable data bag and take a decision as to whether the processing of IGMPJoin; But the head of comparable data bag in the switch hub 50 of this execution mode; And for the processing that the pay(useful) load portion of comparable data bag takes a decision as to whether IGMPJoin, in router 60, carry out.The processing of the head of comparable data bag is compared with the processing of the pay(useful) load portion of comparable data bag; The processing load is low, and therefore, in return the formula hub 50; Can use with switch hub and compare the lower equipment of disposal ability, can suppress its consumes electric power with IGMP snooping function.In addition, as stated, the downstream at switch hub 50 in this execution mode do not produce useless data flow.As noted above, according to this execution mode, can in the power consumption in suppressing switch hub, not produce useless data flow in the downstream of this switch hub.
(B: the 2nd execution mode)
In the communication system 1A of above-mentioned the 1st execution mode, on router 60, only be connected with 1 switch hub, but it is also conceivable that the downstream ways of connecting of many switch hubs and router 60 certainly.In this execution mode, be connected with many switch hub this point in the downstream of router 60, different with above-mentioned the 1st execution mode.
As the object lesson that connects the mode of many switch hubs in the downstream of router 60, consider following 2 kinds of modes here.The 1st; Communication system 1B shown in Fig. 6 A is such; Many switch hubs (being these 4 of switch hub 50A, 50B, 50C and 50D in Fig. 6 A) directly and the router ways of connecting (in other words, each switch hub not via other switch hubs with the router ways of connecting).In addition, in Fig. 6 A, omitted the diagram (Fig. 6 B is also identical) of the communicator (for example, the dispensing device 10 of Fig. 1) at router 60 upper reaches.In addition, the 2nd mode does, the communication system 1C shown in Fig. 6 B is such, in many switch hubs, comprises the mode of the switch hub that is connected with router via 1 or many other switch hubs.For example; In Fig. 6 B; Switch hub 50B is connected with router 60 via 1 other switch hub (switch hub 50A), and switch hub 50C is connected with router 60 via many other switch hubs (that is, switch hub 50B and 50A).
In the connected mode shown in Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B; All the IGMP packet discriminating processing and the port open and close controlling of execution graph 3 are handled respectively through making switch hub 50A～50D; And; Make router 60 carry out switch hub control and treatment shown in Figure 5, thereby can avoid the generation of useless data flow.In addition; In the connected mode shown in Fig. 6 B, be connected with the switch hub of other switch hubs in the downstream, do not carry out IGMP packet discriminating processing and port open and close controlling and handle; In addition; Even the switch hub that the IGMP snooping function does not also have (that is, not carrying out the switch hub of the filtration of multicast packets) is as long as this switch hub can pass on port identifiers notification frame and port and open and close the indication frame; IGMP packet discriminating processing and port open and close controlling that more the switch hub in downstream can execution graph 3 are handled, and then do not produce useless data flow in the downstream of the switch hub in this downstream.
For example, in the mode shown in Fig. 6 B, suppose that switch hub 50A does not carry out IGMP packet discriminating processing and the port open and close controlling is handled, in addition, also do not have the IGMP snooping function.And, suppose that switch hub 50B～50D all can carry out IGMP packet discriminating processing and the port open and close controlling is handled.In the case; If only there is the receiving system 40B that is connected with switch hub 50B to send IGMPJoin; Then switch hub 50B will be connected with receiving system 40B the port identifiers of port to router 60 notice; According to indication, only this port is opened to this multi-broadcast group from router 60.In addition, for switch hub 50C and 50D,,, do not indicate this multi-broadcast group open port from router 60 so do not carry out above-mentioned IGMP packet discriminating processing owing to do not have to send IGMPJoin from linking objective receiving system separately.That is, each port in the downstream of switch hub 50C and 50D keeps with respect to above-mentioned multi-broadcast group closing state.
If under this situation, beginning with above-mentioned multi-broadcast group is that target is sent packet, then, pass on to switch hub 50B and 50D so will comprise the frame of this packet owing in switch hub 50A, do not carry out the filtration of multicast packets.But, in switch hub 50D, because not to the open downstream of above-mentioned multi-broadcast group port, so above-mentioned frame is not passed on to the downstream of switch hub 50D.On the other hand, in switch hub 50B, because the port that only will be connected with receiving system 40B opens to above-mentioned multi-broadcast group, thus only carry out passing on of this frame via this port, and do not pass on above-mentioned frame to switch hub 50C from switch hub 50B.As noted above, even the switch hub 50A at the upper reaches does not carry out the filtration of multicast packets, can not produce useless data flow in the downstream of switch hub 50B, 50C and the 50D in its downstream yet.
As noted above; Even be connected with in the downstream of router under the situation of many switch hubs; Compare with the situation of only carrying out IGMP snooping, also can in the processing load that alleviates each switch hub, prevent to produce useless data flow by switch hub.Therefore, compare, can the disposal ability of each switch hub suppressed lower, can suppress its power consumption with the situation that makes each switch hub carry out IGMP snooping.
(C: distortion)
More than, the of the present invention the 1st and the 2nd execution mode is illustrated, but can certainly these execution modes be out of shape in the following manner.
(1) in the above-described embodiment; Transmission through the port identifiers notification frame; And receive the port identifiers of the downstream port of the frame that comprises the IGMP packet, but also can be through in the regulation zone of the head of this frame (for example, option (option) field etc.), appending the MAC Address of the above-mentioned port identifiers and the switch hub of the notice of carrying out this port identifiers to router 60 notice; And pass on, thereby realize notice to router 60., except port identifiers, also appending the MAC Address this point of the notification source of this port identifiers here, is for this notification source is passed on to router 60.In addition; In communication system; Comprise via 1 or the situation of the switch hub that is connected with router of a plurality of other switch hubs under; As long as, carry out appending of port identifiers and MAC Address to staged and get final product with the mode that the switch hub of upstream side appends port identifiers and MAC Address in the position near beginning in afore mentioned rules zone more.For example; When the switch hub 50B of Fig. 6 B comprises the passing on of frame F1 of IGMP packet; To switch hub 50A be sent in the port identifiers that appended the port that receives this frame in the head and this port identifiers notification source MAC Address (promptly; The MAC Address of switch hub 50B) the frame F2 (with reference to Fig. 7) after; In switch hub 50A, as long as the frame F3 (with reference to Fig. 7) after router 60 is sent in the MAC Address (that is the MAC Address of switch hub 50A) of notification source of the port identifiers that appended the port that receives this frame in the head and this port identifiers gets final product.
(2) in the above-described embodiment, receive the switch hub 50 of the frame that comprises the IGMP packet, receive the port identifiers of the downstream port of this frame to router 60 notices.But, except port identifiers, also can notify the mailing address (MAC Address or IP address) in the transmission source of this IGMP packet.According to this mode; Even respectively attend at receiving system 40-k (k=1～4) under the situation of the different a plurality of multi-broadcast group of separately multicast address; Also can be with the port identifiers of the IGMPJoin that sends from each receiving system 40-k with the downstream port of the switch hub that receives the frame that comprises this IGMPJoin; With the mailing address of notifying together with above-mentioned port identifiers and carry out relatedly, suitably carry out the switching of port based on the transmission source address of this IGMPJoin with respect to each multi-broadcast group.
(3) in the above-described embodiment; Judge in router 60 whether the packet that the switch hub by the transmission source of port identifiers notification frame carries out comprising in the frame of relaying is to be used to notify the packet of participating in multi-broadcast group or breaking away from from multi-broadcast group, and router 60 is sent with this result of determination corresponding port open and close indication frame.But along with the difference of igmp version, existing does not have definition to be used to notify the situation from the IGMP packet of multi-broadcast group disengaging.Therefore, can certainly only notify the packet of participating in multi-broadcast group, as the judgement object of step SB110 with being used to.As noted above; Only will be used to notify under the situation of packet as the judgement object of step SB110 of participating in multi-broadcast group; The timer that also can make router 60 carry out following grade is handled; That is, beginning through the moment behind the certain hour from receiving this packet, transmission is used to indicate the port with respect to this multi-broadcast group close port to open and close the indication frame.
(4) in the above-described embodiment, make ASIC (switching engine portion 520) carry out the IGMP packet discriminating processing in the switch hub 50, make control part 540 carry out this port open and close controlling and handle according to firmware.That is, in the above-described embodiment, realize IGMP packet discriminating processing, realize the processing of port open and close controlling by software by hardware.But, the both is realized by software (or hardware), in addition, also can realize IGMP packet discriminating processing by software, realize the processing of port open and close controlling by hardware.The switch hub control and treatment in the router 60 can certainly be realized by hardware in identical ground.
In addition; (promptly by software; The firmware of switch hub) realizes in the mode of IGMP packet discriminating processing and port open and close controlling processing; Also can in the recording medium of CD-ROM embodied on computer readable such as (Compact Disk-Read Only Memory), write this firmware and distribution, in addition, also can be through distributing this firmware via the download of electrical communication lines such as the Internet.Its reason is, rewrites the firmware of existing switch hub through the firmware that utilizes such distribution, thereby existing switch hub is possessed and switch hub 50 identical functions.Identical ground, the firmware for realizing the switch hub control and treatment also can write in the recording medium of embodied on computer readable and distribute, also can be through distributing via the download of electrical communication lines such as the Internet.Its reason is, rewrites the firmware of existing router through the firmware that utilizes such distribution, thereby existing router is possessed and router 60 identical functions.In addition; In the above-described embodiment; Firmware (that is, making control part 540 carry out the program that the port open and close controlling is handled) for storage in the storage part 530 of switch hub 50 also can write in the recording medium of embodied on computer readable and distribute; In addition, also can distribute through download via electrical communication lines.
Claims (3)
1. communication system; It comprises: 1 or many switch hubs; It has a plurality of downstreams port and the upstream side port that is connected with the communicator of upstream side of the communicator that connects the downstream separately; Based on the transmission destination address of the frame that receives via each port, carry out the control of passing on of this frame; And router, it is positioned at said 1 or the upper reaches of many switch hubs,
This communication system constitutes,
Said 1 or many switch hubs respectively to said a plurality of downstreams port; Head with reference to the packet that comprises in the frame that receives by this downstream port; Whether to this packet is to judge according to the packet that the communication protocol of the regulation that is used to realize multi-casting communication is sent; Being judged to be is under the situation of the packet that sends according to this communication protocol; The port identifiers that execution will be represented this downstream port is handled and is handled according to the 2nd of the switching of carrying out the downstream port from the indication of said router to the 1st of said router advertisement
Said router by said 1 or many switch hubs in a certain the situation of notifying port identifiers under; With reference to through as the switch hub of its notification source pay(useful) load portion to the packet of this router relaying; Whether to this packet is that the packet that is used for making according to said communication protocol the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group is judged; Being judged to be is to be used to make under the situation of packet of the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group; Switch hub to the notification source of this port identifiers sends following indication, that is, only that this port identifiers is represented downstream port is opened to this multi-broadcast group.
2. switch hub; It constitutes, and has upstream side port and a plurality of downstreams port, this upstream side port be used for via 1 or a plurality of other switch hubs and and router between; Perhaps not via other switch hubs and router between; Frame is sent/receives, this downstream port be used for and the communicator in downstream between frame is sent/receives, this switch hub is based on the transmission destination address of the frame that receives via each port; Carry out the control of passing on of this frame
This switch hub has:
Notification unit; It is to said a plurality of downstreams port; Respectively with reference to the head of the packet that comprises in the frame that receives via this downstream port; Whether to this packet is to judge according to the packet that the communication protocol of the regulation that is used to realize multi-casting communication is sent, and is under the situation of the packet that sends according to the communication protocol of said regulation being judged to be, with the port identifiers of this downstream port of expression to said router advertisement; And
Port open and close controlling unit, it is according to carrying out the switching of downstream port from the indication of said router.
3. router; It constitutes, will via 1 or the packet that receives of many switch hubs pass on to other routers, on the other hand; The packet that will receive from these other routers via said 1 or many switch hubs pass on to its destination address
This router has:
Identifying unit; Its from said 1 or many switch hubs a certain receive following notice; Promptly; Expression receives in order to realize multi-casting communication this situation of packet that communication protocol according to the rules sends and is used to inform that expression receives under the situation of notice of port identifiers of port of this packet; With reference to the pay(useful) load portion of this packet, whether be to judge in order to make the packet that the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group sends to this router according to the communication protocol of said regulation to this packet; And
Port opens and closes indicating member; It is to be used to make under the situation of packet of the notice of participating in multi-broadcast group being judged to be through said identifying unit; Switch hub to the notice of having carried out said port identifiers sends following indication; That is, only that this port identifiers is represented port is opened to this multi-broadcast group.
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| JP2010-057990 | 2010-03-15 | ||
| JP2010057990A JP5569057B2 (en) | 2010-03-15 | 2010-03-15 | Communication system, switching hub, and router |
| PCT/JP2011/055425 WO2011114951A1 (en) | 2010-03-15 | 2011-03-08 | Communication system, switching hub, and router |
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| CN102804716B CN102804716B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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| JPWO2016021180A1 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2017-05-25 | 日本電気株式会社 | COMMUNICATION TERMINAL DEVICE, ITS TRANSMITTING / RECEIVING METHOD, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM |
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| JP5677392B2 (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2015-02-25 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Communication adapter, identification code generation method, program, and network system |
| CA2982147A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-12 | Rockport Networks Inc. | Direct interconnect gateway |
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| EP0967753A2 (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 1999-12-29 | Fujitsu Limited | Communication control unit and communication control method applied for multicast-supporting LAN |
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| CN102804716B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
| JP5569057B2 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| WO2011114951A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
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